Subtilisin 309 variants having decreased adsorption and increased hydrolysis
Granted 29 Jul 2003 · 6 office actions
Assignee: Procter & Gamble
Law firm: Law firm · Log in to unlock
Attorney: Attorney · Log in to unlock
Inventors: Bobby Lee Barnett, Donn Nelton Rubingh, Philip Frederick Brode, III, Chanchal Kamur Ghosh · Examiner: Ponnathapu Achutamurthy · AU 1652 · TC 1600
Life of the application
15 dated eventsAbstract
The present invention relates to subtilisin 309 variants having a modified amino acid sequence of wild-type subtilisin 309 amino acid sequence, the wild-type amino acid sequence comprising a first loop region, a second loop region, a third loop region, a fourth loop region, a fifth loop region and a sixth loop region; wherein the modified amino acid sequence comprises different amino acids than that occurring in wild-type subtilisin 309 (i.e., substitution) at specifically identified positions in one or more of the loop regions whereby the subtilisin 309 variant has decreased adsorption to, and increased hydrolysis of, an insoluble substrate as compared to the wild-type subtilisin 309. The present invention also relates to DNA sequence encoding such subtilisin 309 variants. The present invention also relates to compositions comprising such subtilisin 309 variants for cleaning a variety of surfaces.
Description
24 parts›This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No…
This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 08/237,938, filed on May 2, 1994, now abandoned.
›TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to novel enzyme variants useful in a variety of cleaning compositions, and the genes encoding such enzyme variants.
›BACKGROUND
Enzymes make up the largest class of naturally occurring proteins. Each class of enzyme generally catalyzes (accelerates a reaction without being consumed) a different kind of chemical reaction. One class of enzymes known as proteases, are known for their ability to hydrolyze (break down a compound into two or more simpler compounds with the uptake of the H and OH parts of a water molecule on either side of the chemical bond cleaved) other proteins. This ability to hydrolyze proteins has been taken advantage of by incorporating naturally occurring and protein engineered proteases as an additive to laundry detergent preparations. Many stains on clothes are proteinaceous and wide-specificity proteases can substantially improve removal of such stains.
Unfortunately, the efficacy level of these proteins in their natural, bacterial environment, frequently does not translate into the relatively unnatural wash environment. Specifically, protease characteristics such as thermal stability, pH stability, oxidative stability and substrate specificity are not necessarily optimized for utilization outside the natural environment of the enzyme.
The amino acid sequence of the protease determines the characteristics of the protease. A change of the amino acid sequence of the protease may alter the properties of the enzyme to varying degrees, or may even inactivate the enzyme, depending upon the location, nature and/or magnitude of the change in the amino acid sequence. Several approaches have been taken to alter the wild-type amino acid sequence of proteases in an attempt to improve their properties, with the goal of increasing the efficacy of the protease in the wash environment. These approaches include altering the amino acid sequence to enhance thermal stability and to improve oxidation stability under quite diverse conditions.
Despite the variety of approaches described in the art, there is a continuing need for new effective variants of proteases useful for cleaning a variety of surfaces.
›OBJECTS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide subtilisin 309 enzyme variants having improved hydrolysis versus the wild-type of the enzyme.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide cleaning compositions comprising these subtilisin 309 enzyme variants.
›SUMMARY
The present invention relates to subtilisin 309 variants having a modified amino acid sequence of wild-type subtilisin 309 amino acid sequence, the wild-type amino acid sequence comprising a first loop region, a second loop region, a third loop region, a fourth loop region, a fifth loop region and a sixth loop region; wherein the modified amino acid sequence comprises different amino acids than that occurring in wild-type subtilisin 309 (i.e., substitution) at specifically identified positions in one or more of the loop regions whereby the subtilisin 309 variant has decreased adsorption to, and increased hydrolysis of, an insoluble substrate as compared to the wild-type subtilisin 309. The present invention also relates to DNA sequences encoding such subtilisin 309 variants. The present invention also relates to compositions comprising such subtilisin 309 variants for cleaning a variety of surfaces.
›BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 A and FIG. 1B depict the amino acid sequences of subtilisin BPN′ and subtilisin 309. The top line represents the amino acid sequence of subtilisin BPN′ (SEQ ID NO:2), which is derived from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; the bottom line represents the amino acid sequence of subtilisin 309 (SEQ ID NO:1), which is derived from Bacillus lentus. The symbol * in the sequence for subtilisin 309 denotes the absence of specific amino acid residues as compared to subtilisin BPN′.
›DESCRIPTION · 1 of 5
I. Subtilisin 309 Variants
This invention pertains to subtilisin enzymes, in particular subtilisin 309, that have been modified by mutating the various nucleotide sequences that code for the enzyme, thereby modifying the amino acid sequence of the enzyme. The modified subtilisin enzymes (hereinafter, “subtilisin 309 variants”) of the present invention have decreased adsorption to and increased hydrolysis of an insoluble substrate as compared to the wild-type subtilisin. The present invention also pertains to the mutant genes encoding for such subtilisin 309 variants.
When refering to the amino acid sequence of native subtilisin 309 (having 269 amino acid residues), the amino acid sequence of subtilisin BPN′ (having 275 amino acid residues) is frequently used as the standard. The use of “BPN′ numbering” has become the coventional method for identifying residue positions in all subtilisins. The amino acid sequences for native subtilisin BPN′ and native subtilisin 309 are set forth in FIGS. 1A and 1B. The symbol ‘*’ in the sequence for subtilisin 309 in FIGS. 1A and 1B denotes the absence of specific amino acid residues compared to native subtilisin BPN′. However, for purposes of discussion herein, reference to amino acid positions shall be based on “true” subtilisin 309 numbering (e.g., refer to SEQ ID NO:1, discussed below).
The subtilisin 309 enzymes of this invention belong to a class of enzymes known as proteases. A protease is a catalyst for the cleavage of peptide bonds. One type of protease is a serine protease. A serine protease is distinguished by the fact that there is an essential serine residue at the active site.
The observation that an enzyme's rate of hydrolysis of soluble substrates increases with enzyme concentration is well documented. It would therefore seem plausible that for surface bound substrates, such as is encountered in many cleaning applications, the rate of hydrolysis would increase with increasing surface concentration. This has been shown to be the case. (Brode, P. F. III and D. S. Rauch, LANGMUIR, “Subtilisin BPN′: Activity on an Immobilized Substrate”, Vol. 8, pp. 1325-1329 (1992)). In fact, a linear dependence of rate upon surface concentration was found for insoluble substrates when the surface concentration of the enzyme was varied. (Rubingh, D. N. and M. D. Bauer, “Catalysis of Hydrolysis by Proteases at the Protein-Solution Interface,” in POLYMER SOLUTIONS, BLENDS AND INTERFACES, Ed. by I. Noda and D. N. Ribingh, Elsevier, p. 464 (1992)). Surprisingly, when seeking to apply this principle in the search for variant proteases which give better cleaning performance, we did not find that enzymes which adsorb more give better performance. In fact, we surprisingly determined the opposite to be the case: decreased adsorption by an enzyme to a substrate resulted in increased hydrolysis of the substrate (i.e., better cleaning performance).
While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that improved performance, when comparing one variant to another, is a result of the fact that enzymes which adsorb less are also less tightly bound and therefore more highly mobile on the surface from which the insoluble protein substrate is to be removed. At comparable enzyme solution concentrations, this increased mobility is sufficient to outweigh any advantage that is conferred by delivering a higher concentration of enzyme to the surface.
The mutations described herein are designed to change (i.e., decrease) the adsorption of the enzyme to surface-bound soils. In subtilisin 309, certain amino acids form exterior loops on the enzyme molecule. For purposes of discussion, these loops shall be referred to as the first, second, third, fourth and fifth loop regions. Specifically, positions 57-64 form the first loop region; positions 93-105 form the second loop region; positions 124-131 form the third loop region; positions 152-161 form the fourth loop region; position 181-185 form the fifth loop region; and positions 193-214 form the sixth loop region (position numbering analagous to positions in the amino acid sequence for wild-type subtilisin 309 (SEQ ID NO:1)).
It believed that these loop regions play a significant role in the adsorption of the enzyme molecule to a surface-bound peptide, and specific mutations in one or more of these loop regions will have a significant effect on this adsorption. While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the loop regions are important to the adsorption of the subtilisin 309 molecule for at least two reasons. First, the amino acids which comprise the loop regions can make close contacts with any surfaces to which the molecule is exposed. Second, the proximity of the loop regions to the active-site and binding pocket of the subtilisin 309 molecule gives them a role in the catalytically productive adsorption of the enzyme to surface-bound substrates (peptides/protein soils).
The following is a list of abbreviations used herein to described amino acids:
As used herein, “variant” means an enzyme having an amino acid sequence which differs from that of wild-type.
As used herein, “mutant subtilisin 309 DNA sequence” means a DNA sequence coding for a subtilisin 309 variant.
As used herein, “wild-type subtilisin 309” refers to an enzyme represented by SEQ ID NO:1. The amino acid sequence for subtilisin 309 is further described in World Patent Publication 89/06279 (1989), incorporated herein by reference. See also, World Patent Publication 94/02618, published Feb. 3, 1994 by Mulleners et al.
As used herein, the term “subtilisin 309 wild-type amino acid sequence” encompasses SEQ ID NO:1 as well as SEQ ID NO:1 having modifications to the amino acid sequence other than at any of positions 57-64, 93-105, 124-131, 152-161, 181-185 and 193-214.
As used herein, “more hydrophilic amino acid” refers to any other amino acid having greater hydrophilicity than a subject amino acid with reference to the hydrophilicity table below. The following hydrophilicity table (Table 1) lists amino acids in descending order of increasing hydrophilicity (see Hopp, T. P., and Woods, K. R., “Prediction of Protein Antigenic Determinants from Amino Acid Sequences”, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCE USA, Vol. 78, pp. 3824-3828, 1981, incorporated herein by reference).
›DESCRIPTION · 2 of 5
Table 1 also indicates which amino acids carry a charge (this characteristic being based on a pH of from about 8-9). The positively charged amino acids are Arg and Lys, the negatively charged amino acids are Glu and Asp, and the remaining amino acids are neutral. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the substituting amino acid is either neutral or negatively charged, more preferably negatively charged (i.e., Glu or Asp).
Therefore, for example, the statement “substitute Gln with an equally or more hydrophilic amino acid which is neutral or has a negative charge” means Gln would be substituted with Asn (which is equally hydrophilic to Gln), or Ser, Glu or Asp (which are more hydrophilic than Gln); each of which are neutral or have a negative charge, and have a greater hydrophilicity value as compared to Gln. Likewise, the statement “substitute Pro with a more hydrophilic amino acid which is neutral or has a negative charge” means Pro would be substituted with Gln, Asn, Ser, Glu or Asp.
A. Loop Region 6 Substitution Variants
1. Variants comprising at least one amino acid substitution
In one embodiment of the present invention, the subtilisin 309 variant has a modified amino acid sequence of subtilisin 309 wild-type amino acid sequence, wherein the modified amino acid sequence comprises a substitution at one or more of positions 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213 or 214; whereby the subtilisin 309 variant has decreased adsorption to, and increased hydrolysis of, an insoluble substrate as compared to the wild-type subtilisin 309. Preferably, the positions having a substituted amino acid are 193, 194, 195, 196, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206 or 209; more preferably, 194, 195, 196, 199 or 201.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 193 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Pro, Ser or Thr.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 194 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Pro, Ser or Thr.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 195 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 196 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 197 is Ala, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Met, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 199 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Met, Pro, Ser or Thr.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 200 Asn, Asp, Glu or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 201 is Asp or Glu.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 202 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 203 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Gln, His, Ile, Met, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 204 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 205 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 206 is Asp or Glu.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 207 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 208 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Ile, Leu, Met, Pro or Val.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 209 is Asn, Asp, gln, Glu, gly, His, Pro, Ser or Thr.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 210 is Asp or Glu.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 211 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Gly, His, Ile, Met, Pro, Ser, Thr or Val.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 212 is Glu.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 213 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 214 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, Pro or Ser.
More preferably, the substituting amino acid for any positions 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213 and 214 is, with reference to Table 1, is neutral or negatively charged and equally or more hydrophilic, preferably more hydrophilic, than the amino acid at the subject position in wild-type subtilisin 309.
More preferably still, the substituting amino acid for any of positions 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 199, 200, 201, 202, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 212, 213 and 214 is Asp or Glu; and the substituting amino acid for positions 203 and 211 is Asp.
2. Variants comprising at least two amino acid substitutions
In another embodiment of the present invention, the subtilisin 309 variant has a modified amino acid sequence of subtilisin 309 wild-type amino acid sequence, wherein the modified amino acid sequence comprises a substitution at two or more of positions 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213 or 214; whereby the subtilisin 309 variant has decreased adsorption to, and increased hydrolysis of, an insoluble substrate as compared to wild-type subtilisin 309. Preferably, the positions having a substituting amino acid are 193, 194, 195, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, or 209; more preferably, positions 194, 195, 196, 211 or 213.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 193 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Met, Pro, Ser or Thr.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 194 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Pro, Ser or Thr.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 195 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 196 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 197 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Met, Pro, Ser, or Thr.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 198 is Asp, Gln, Glu or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 199 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Met, Pro, Ser or Thr.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 200 Asn, Asp, Glu or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 201 is Asp or Glu.
›DESCRIPTION · 3 of 5
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 202 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 203 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Ile, Met, Pro, Ser, or Thr.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 204 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 205 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 206 is Asp or Glu.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 207 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 208 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Ile, Leu, Met, Pro or Val.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 209 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Pro, Ser or Thr.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 210 is Asp or Glu.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 211 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Ile, Met, Pro, Ser, Thr or Val.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 212 is Asp, Gln, Glu or Ser. However, if position 211 is substituted with Asn, Glu or Val, then position 212 is not substituted with Asp;
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 213 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 214 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, Pro or Ser.
More preferably, the substituting amino acid for any positions 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213 and 214 is, with reference to Table 1, is neutral or negatively charged and equally or more hydrophilic, preferably more hydrophilic, than the amino acid at the subject position in wild-type subtilisin 309.
More preferably still, the substituting amino acid for any of positions 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213 or 214 is Asp or Glu.
3. Variants comprising at least three amino acid substitutions
In another embodiment of the present invention, the subtilisin 309 variant has a modified amino acid sequence of subtilisin 309 wild-type amino acid sequence, wherein the modified amino acid sequence comprises a substitution at three or more of positions 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213 or 214; whereby the subtilisin 309 variant has decreased adsorption to, and increased hydrolysis of, an insoluble substrate as compared to wild-type subtilisin 309. Preferably, the positions having a substituting amino acid are 193, 194, 195, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, or 209; more preferably, positions 194, 195, 196, 211 or 213.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 193 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Met, Pro, Ser or Thr.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 194 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Pro, Ser or Thr.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 195 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 196 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 197 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Met, Pro, Ser, or Thr.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 198 is Asp, Gln, Glu or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 199 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Met, Pro, Ser or Thr.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 200 Asn, Asp, Glu or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 201 is Asp or Glu.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 202 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 203 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Ile, Leu, Met, Pro, Ser, Thr, or Val.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 204 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 205 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 206 is Asp or Glu.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 207 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 208 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Ile, Leu, Met, Pro, Thr or Val.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 209 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Pro, Ser or Thr.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 210 is Asp or Glu.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 211 is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Ile, Met, Pro, Ser, Thr or Val.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 212 is Asp, Gln, Glu or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 213 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
Preferably, the substituting amino acid for position 214 is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, Pro or Ser.
More preferably, the substituting amino acid for any positions 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213 or 214 is, with reference to Table 1, is neutral or negatively charged and equally or more hydrophilic, preferably more hydrophilic, than the amino acid at the subject position in wild-type subtilisin 309.
More preferably still, the substituting amino acid for any of positions 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213 or 214 is Asp or Glu.
B. Multi-Loop Regions Substitution Variants
In another embodiment of the present invention, the subtilisin 309 variant has a modified amino acid sequence of subtilisin 309 wild-type amino acid sequence, wherein the modified amino acid sequence comprises a substitution at one or more positions in one or more of the first, second, third, fourth, or fifth loop regions; whereby the subtilisin 309 variant has decreased adsorption to, and increased hydrolysis of, an insoluble substrate as compared to wild-type subtilisin 309.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the subtilisin 309 variant further comprises one or more substitutions to the sixth loop region.
›DESCRIPTION · 4 of 5
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the substituting amino acid for one or more of the positions in one or more of the loop regions is, with reference to Table 1, neutral or negatively charged and equally or more hydrophilic, preferably more hydrophilic, than the amino acid at the subject position in the wild-type amino acid sequence.
1. Substitutions in the First Loop Region
When a substitution occurs in the first loop region, the substitution occurs at one or more of positions 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, or 64.
When a substitution occurs at position 57, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Glu or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 58, the substituting amino acid is Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 59, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 60, the substituting amino acid is Asp, Gln, Glu or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 61, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 63, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 64, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, Pro or Ser.
2. Substitutions in the Second Loop Region
When a substitution occurs in the second loop region, the substitution occurs at one or more of positions 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, or 105.
When a substitution occurs at position 93, the substituting amino acid is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Met, Pro, Ser or Thr.
When a substitution occurs at position 94, the substituting amino acid is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Ile, Met, Pro, Ser, Thr or Val.
When a substitution occurs at position 95, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 96, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Pro, Ser or Thr.
When a substitution occurs at position 97, the substituting amino acid is Asp or Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 98, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 99, the substituting amino acid is Asp or Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 100, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 101, the substituting amino acid is Asp or Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 102, the substituting amino acid is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Met, Pro, Ser or Thr.
When a substitution occurs at position 103, the substituting amino acid is Asp or Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 104, the substituting amino acid is Asp or Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 105, the substituting amino acid is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Leu, Met, Pro, Ser, Thr or Val.
3. Substitutions in the Third Loop Region
When a substitution occurs in the third loop region, the substitution occurs at one or more of positions 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130 or 131.
When a substitution occurs at position 124, the substituting amino acid is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Ile, Met, Pro, Ser, Thr or Val.
When a substitution occurs at position 125, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 126, the substituting amino acid is Asp or Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 127, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 128, the substituting amino acid is Asp or Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 129, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 130, the substituting amino acid is Asp or Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 131, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Pro, Ser, Thr.
4. Substitutions in the Fourth Loop Region
When a substitution occurs in the fourth loop region, the substitution occurs at one or more of positions 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160 or 161.
When a substitution occurs at position 152, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 153, the substituting amino acid is Asp, Gln, Glu or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 154, the substituting amino acid is Asp or Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 155, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 156, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Pro, Ser or Thr.
When a substitution occurs at position 157, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 158, the substituting amino acid is Asp or Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 159, the substituting amino acid is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Leu, Met, Pro, Ser, Thr or Val.
When a substitution occurs at position 160, the substituting amino acid is Asp or Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 161, the substituting amino acid is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Ile, Leu, Met, Pro, Ser, Thr or Val.
5. Substitutions in the Fifth Loop Region
When a substitution occurs in the fifth loop region, the substitution occurs at one or more of positions 181, 182, 183, 184 or 185.
When a substitution occurs at position 181, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Pro, Ser or Thr.
When a substitution occurs at position 182, the substituting amino acid is Asp or Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 183, the substituting amino acid is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Ile, Leu, Met, Pro, Ser, Thr, Tyr or Val.
When a substitution occurs at position 184, the substituting amino acid is Asp or Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 185, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Glu or Ser.
6. Substitutions in the Sixth Loop Region
When a substitution occurs in the sixth loop region, in conjunction with one or more substitutions in one or more of the preceding five loop regions, the substitution occurs at one or more of positions 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213 or 214.
›DESCRIPTION · 5 of 5
When a substitution occurs at position 193, the substituting amino acid is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Met, Pro, Ser or Thr.
When a substitution occurs at position 194, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Pro, Ser or Thr.
When a substitution occurs at position 195, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 196, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 197, the substituting amino acid is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Met, Pro, Ser or Thr.
When a substitution occurs at position 198, the substituting amino acid is Asp, Gln, Glu or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 199, the substituting amino acid is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, His, Met, Pro, Ser or Thr.
When a substitution occurs at position 200, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Glu or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 201, the substituting amino acid is Asp or Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 202, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, Pro or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 203, the substituting amino acid is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Ile, Leu, Met, Pro, Ser, Thr or Val.
When a substitution occurs at position 204, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 205, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 206, the substituting amino acid is Asp or Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 207, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, Pro or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 208, the substituting amino acid is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Ile, Leu, Met, Pro, Ser, Thr or Val.
When a substitution occurs at position 209, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Glly, His, Pro, Ser or Thr.
When a substitution occurs at position 210, the substituting amino acid is Asp or Glu.
When a substitution occurs at position 211, the substituting amino acid is Ala, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, Gly, His, Ile, Met, Pro, Ser, Thr or Val.
When a substitution occurs at position 212, the substituting amino acid is Asp, Gln, Glu or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 213, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Pro or Ser.
When a substitution occurs at position 214, the substituting amino acid is Asn, Asp, Gln, Glu, Gly, Pro or Ser.
C. Additional Substitutions at Positions Other Than the Loop Regions
As indicated hereinbefore, in addition to the one or more substitutions made to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and/or sixth loop regions of wild-type subtilisin 309, substitutions may be made at positions other than positions in such loop regions (hereafter referred to as “additional substitution”). In another embodiment of the present invention, the subtilisin 309 variant has a modified amino acid sequence of subtilisin 309 wild-type amino acid sequence wherein, in addition to being substituted at one or more positions in one or more of the above-discussed loop regions, there is substitution at position 74. The additional substitution may occur at position 74 alone (preferred), or in combination with one or more additional substitutions.
Where the additional substitution to the subtilisin 309 variant is at position 74 alone, the substitution is preferably with Asn, Asp, Glu, Gly, His, Lys, Phe or Pro. Particularly preferred is where the substitution is with Asp or His.
Where there is more than one additional substitution to the subtilisin 309 variant, preferred is where the additional substitutions occur at position 74 in combination with one or more of the following residues: 97, 99, 101, 102, 105 and 121. Preferred additional substitution combinations include the following: 74/97; 74/99; 74/101; 74/102; 74/105; 74/121; 74/97/99; 74/97/101; 74/97/102; 74/99/101; 74/99/102; 74/101/102; 74/102/105; 74/102/121; 74/105/121; 74/97/99/101; 74/97/99/102; 74/97/101/102; 74/99/101/102; 74/101/102/121; 74/102/105/121; 74/97/99/101/102; 74/97/101/102/121 and/or 74/97/99/101/102/121. Most preferred additional substitution combinations include the following: 74/97; 74/102; 74/97/102; 74/101/102; 74/102/105; 74/99/102/102; 74/97/99/101/102 and 74/99/102.
Preferably, the additional substitutions to be made at each of the identified amino acid residue positions include but are not limited to substitutions at position 74 including Asp, His, Glu, Gly, Phe, Lys, Pro and Asn; substitutions at position 97 including Asp. Thr, Asn, Gln, Gly and Ser; substitutions at position 99 including Gly, Asp, Lys, Leu, Ala, Glu and Ser; substitutions at position 101 including Gln, Thr, Asp, Glu, Tyr, Lys, Gly, Arg and Ser; substitutions at position 102 including Ser, Tyr, Ile, Leu, M, Ala, W, Asp, Thr, Gly and Val; substitutions at position 105 including Val, Leu, M, Tyr, Gly, Glu, Phe, Thr, Ser, Ala and Ile; and substitutions at position 121 including Asn, Thr, Ile and Ser. The specifically preferred amino acid(s) to be substituted at each such position are designated below in Table 2. Although specific amino acids are shown in Table 2, it should be understood that any amino acid may be substituted at the identified residues. As indicated herein before, these substitutions are in addition to the one or more substitutions at one or more of the loop regions, discussed above.
D. Preparation of Enzyme Variants
›Examples13
›EXAMPLE 1
Mutant 309 DNA Sequences
A phagemid (pJMA602) containing the wild type subtilisin 309 (i.e., savinase) gene is constructed. The 2.8 Kbp Pvu II restriction enzyme fragment of plasmid pUC119, (Vieira, J. and Messing, J., “Production of Single-Stranded Plasmid DNA”, 153 METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY 3-11 (1989)) is cloned into the Pvu II site of plasmid pUB110 (Bacillus Genetic Stock Center, Columbus, Ohio 1E9). The pUC119-pUB110 hybrid plasmid is named pJMA601. Into the BamH I restriction site of pJMA601 is cloned the polymerase chain reation-amplified 309 (savinase) gene from Bacillus lentus chromosomal DNA (National Collections of Industrial and Marine Bacteria Bacillus lentus 10309) giving phagemid pJMA602. Phagemid pJMA602 is transformed into Escherichia coli ung-strain CJ236 and a single stranded uracil-containing DNA template is produced using the VCSM13 helper phage (Kunkel, T. A., J. D. Roberts and R. A. Zakour, “Rapid and efficient site-specific mutagenesis without phenotypic selection”, METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY, Vol. 154, pp. 367-382, (1987); as modified by Yuckenberg, P. D., F. Witney, J. Geisselsoder and J. McClary, “Site-directed in vitro mutagenesis using uracil-containing DNA and phagemid vectors”, DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS—A PRACTICAL APPROACH, ed. M. J. McPherson, pp. 27-48, (1991); both of which are incorporated herein by reference). A single primer site-directed mutagenesis modification of the method of Zoller and Smith (Zoller, M. J., and M. Smith, “Oligonucleotide-directed metagenesis using M13-derived vectors: an efficient and general procedure for the production of point mutations in any fragment of DNA”, NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH, Vol. 10, pp. 6487-6500, (1982), incorporated herein by reference) is used to produce all mutants (basically as presented by Yuckenberg, et al., 1991, above). Oligonucleotides are made using an Applied Biosystem Inc. 380B DNA synthesizer. Mutagenesis reaction products are transformed into Escherichia coli strain MM294 (American Type Culture Collection E. Coli. 33625). All mutants are confirmed by DNA sequencing and the isolated DNA is transformed into the Bacillus subtilis expression strain BG2036 (Yang, M. Y., E. Ferrari and D. J. Henner, (1984), “Cloning of the Neutral Protease Gene of Bacillus subtilis and the Use of the Cloned Gene to Create an In Vitro-derived Deletion Mutation”, JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY, Vol. 160, pp. 15-21). For some of the mutants a modified pJMA602 with a frameshift-stop codon mutation in the corresponding loop is used to produce the uracil template. Oligonucleotides are designed to restore the proper reading frame at position 203 and also encoded for random substitutions at positions 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213 and 214 (equimolar and/or variable mixtures of all four nucleotides for all three bases at these codons). Mutations that correct for the frameshift-stop and produce a functional enzyme are identified by their ability to digest casein. The random substitutions are determined by DNA sequencing.
›EXAMPLE 2
Fermentation
The Bacillus subtilis cells (BG2036) containing a subtilisin mutant of interest are grown to mid-log phase in a one liter culture of LB-glucose broth and inoculated into a Biostat ED fermenter (B. Braun Biotech, Inc., Allentown, Pa.) in a total volume of 10 liters. The fermentation media contains Yeast Extract, starch, antifoam, buffers and trace minerals (see FERMENTATION: A PRACTICAL APPROACH, Ed. B. McNeil and L. M. Harvey, 1990). The broth is kept at a constant pH of 7.0 during the fermentation run. Chloramphenical is added for antibiotic selection of mutagenized plasmid. The cells are grown overnight at 37° C. to an A 600 of about 60 and harvested.
›EXAMPLE 3
Purification
The fermentation broth is taken through the following steps to obtain pure enzyme. The broth is cleared of Bacillus subtilis cells by centrifugation, and clarified by removing fine particulates with a 100K cutoff membrane. This is followed by concentration on a 10K cutoff membrane, and flow dialysis to reduce the ionic strength and adjust the pH to 5.5 using 0.025M MES buffer (2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid). The enzyme is further purified by loading it onto either a cation exchange chromatography column or an affinity adsorption chromatography column and eluting it from the column with a NaCl or a propylene glycol gradient (see Scopes, R. K., PROTEIN PURIFICATION PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE, Springer-Verlag, New York (1984), incorporated herein by reference).
The pNA assay (DelMar, E. G., C. Largman, J. W. Brodrick and M. C. Geokas, ANAL. BIOCHEM., Vol. 99, pp. 316-320, (1979), incorporated herein by reference) is used to determine the active enzyme concentration for fractions collected during gradient elution. This assay measures the rate at which p-nitroaniline is released as the enzyme hydrolyzes the soluble synthetic substrate, succinyl-alanine-alanine-proline-phenylalanine-p-nitroanilide (sAAPF-pNA). The rate of production of yellow color from the hydrolysis reaction is measured at 410 nm on a spectrophotometer and is proportional to the active enzyme concentration. In addition, absorbance measurements at 280 nm are used to determine the total protein concentration. The active enzyme/total-protein ratio gives the enzyme purity, and is used to identify fractions to be pooled for the stock solution.
To avoid autolysis of the enzyme during storage, an equal weight of propylene glycol is added to the pooled fractions obtained from the chromatography column. Upon completion of the purification procedure the purity of the stock enzyme solution is checked with SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) and the absolute enzyme concentration is determined via an active site titration method using trypsin inhibitor type II-T: turkey egg white purchased from Sigma Chemical Company (St. Louis, Mo.). The measured conversion factors will show which changes made in the enzyme molecule at the various positions result in the enzyme variant having increased activity over the wild-type, against the soluble substrate pNA.
In preparation for use, the enzyme stock solution is eluted through a Sephadex-G25 (Pharmacia, Piscataway, N.J.) size exclusion column to remove the propylene glycol and exchange the buffer. The MES buffer in the enzyme stock solution is exchanged for 0.1 M Tris buffer (Tris(hydroxymethylaminomethane) containing 0.01M CaCl 2 and pH adjusted to 8.6 with HCl. All experiments are carried out at pH 8.6 in Tris buffer thermostated at 25° C.
E. Characterization of Enzyme Variants
›EXAMPLE 4
Model Surface Preparation
Aminopropyl controlled pore glass (CPG) purchased from CPG Inc. (Fairfield, N.J.) is used as a support for covalently attaching the sAAPF-pNA substrate purchased from Bachem, Inc. (Torrence, Calif.). The reaction is carried out in dimethyl sulfoxide and (1-ethyl-3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl] carbodiimide hydrochloride) (EDC) is used as a coupling agent. Upon completion (monitored by pNA assay), the excess solvent is removed, and the CPG:sAAPF-pNA is rinsed with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and doubly-distilled water. This is followed by oven drying with a N 2 purge at about 70° C. The reaction scheme and preparation of the immobilized substrate are conducted as described by Brode, P. F. III, and D. S. Rauch, “Subtilisin BPN′: Activity on an Immobilized Substrate,” LANGMUIR, Vol. 8, p. 1325-1329, (1992), incorporated herein by reference.
The CPG surface will have 62,000±7,000 pNA molecules/μm 2 . The surface area will remain unchanged from the value of 50.0 m 2 /g reported by CPG Inc. for the CPG as received. This suggests that the procedure used to add sAAPF-pNA to CPG does not damage the porous structure (mean diameter is 486 Å).
›EXAMPLE 5
Surface Hydrolysis Assay
Using CPG:sAAPF-pNA, adsorption of an enzyme variant and hydrolysis of a CPG-bound peptide can be measured in a single experiment. A small volume of enzyme variant stock solution is added to a flask containing Tris buffer and CPG:sAAPF-pNA which has been degassed. The flask is shaken on a wrist-action shaker for a period of 90 minutes during which the shaker is stopped at various time intervals (for example, every 2 minutes during the early stages of adsorption hydrolysis—e.g., the first 20 minutes—and every 10 minutes towards the end of the experiment). The CPG:sAAPF-pNA is allowed to settle and the solution is sampled. Both the experimental procedure and the calculation of the adsorption and hydrolysis are conducted as described by Brode et al., 1991, above.
All enzymes are monitored for stability against autolysis and should show no appreciable autolytic loss over the time course of this experiment. Therefore, enzyme adsorption can be determined by measuring solution depletion. The difference between the initial enzyme variant concentration and the concentration measured at each individual time point gives the amount of enzyme variant adsorbed. The amount of pNA hydrolyzed from the surface is measured by taking an absorbance reading on an aliquot of the sample at 410 nm. The total amount of pNA hydrolyzed is calculated by adding the amount sampled and the amount remaining in the flask. This value is corrected by subtracting the amount of pNA that is hydrolyzed by Tris buffer at pH 8.6 when no enzyme is present. This base-hydrolysis ranges from 7-29% of the total hydrolysis depending on the efficiency of the enzyme.
›EXAMPLE 6 · 1 of 3
Soluble Substrate Kinetic Analysis
The rates of hydrolysis of the soluble substrate sAAPF-pNA are monitored by measuring the adsorbance increase as a function of time at 410 nm on a DU-70 spectrophotometer. The enzyme concentration is held constant and is prepared to be in the range of 6-10 nanomolar while the substrate concentration is varied from 90-700 μM sAAPF-pNA for each kinetic determination. An adsorbance data point is taken each second over a period of 900 seconds and the data are transferred to a LOTUS™ spreadsheet (Lotus Development Corporation, Cambridge, Mass.). Analysis for kinetic parameters is conducted by the standard Lineweaver Burk analysis in which the data in the initial part of the run (generally the first minute) are fit to a linear regression curve to give v o . The v o and s o data are plotted in the standard inverse fashion to give K M and k cat .
F. Example Subtilisin 309 Variants
Subtilisin 309 variants of the present invention which have decreased adsorption to and increased hydrolysis of surface bound substrates are exemplified in Tables 3-38, below. In describing the specific mutations, the original amino acid occurring in wild-type is given first, the position number second, and the substituted amino acid third.
II. Cleaning Compositions
In another embodiment of the present invention, an effective amount of one or more enzyme variants of the present invention are included in compositions useful for cleaning a variety of surfaces in need of proteinaceous stain removal. Such cleaning compositions include detergent compositions for cleaning hard surfaces, unlimited in form (e.g., liquid and granular); detergent compositions for cleaning fabrics, unlimited in form (e.g., granular, liquid and bar formulations); dishwashing compositions (unlimited in form); oral cleaning compositions, unlimited in form (e.g., dentifrice, toothpaste and mouthwash formulations); denture cleaning compositions, unlimited in form (e.g., liquid, tablet); and contact lens cleaning compositions, unlimited in form (e.g., liquid, tablet). As used herein, “effective amount of enzyme variant” refers to the quantity of enzyme variant necessary to achieve the enzymatic activity necessary in the specific cleaning composition. Such effective amounts are readily ascertained by one of ordinary skill in the art and is based on many factors, such as the particular enzyme variant used, the cleaning application, the specific composition of the cleaning composition, and whether a liquid or dry (e.g., granular, bar) composition is required, and the like. Preferably the cleaning compositions of the present invention comprise from about 0.0001% to about 10% of one or more enzyme variants of the present invention, more preferably from about 0.001% to about 1%, more preferably still from about 0.01% to about 0.1%. Several examples of various cleaning compositions wherein the enzyme variants of the present invention may be employed are discussed in further detail below. All parts, percentages and ratios used herein are by weight unless otherwise specified.
As used herein, “non-fabric cleaning compositions” include hard surface cleaning compositions, dishwashing compositions, oral cleaning compositions, denture cleaning compositions and contact lens cleaning compositions.
A. Cleaning Compositions for Hard Surfaces, Dishes and Fabrics
The enzymes of the present invention can be used in any detergent composition where high sudsing and good insoluble substrate removal are desired. Thus the enzyme variants of the present invention can be used with various conventional ingredients to provide fully-formulated hard-surface cleaners, dishwashing compositions, fabric laundering compositions and the like. Such compositions can be in the form of liquids, granules, bars and the like. Such compositions can be formulated as modern “concentrated” detergents which contain as much as 30%-60% by weight of surfactants.
The cleaning compositions herein can optionally, and preferably, contain various anionic, nonionic, zwitterionic, etc., surfactants. Such surfactants are typically present at levels of from about 5% to about 35% of the compositions.
Nonlimiting examples of surfactants useful herein include the conventional C 11 -C 18 alkyl benzene sulfonates and primary and random alkyl sulfates, the C 10 -C 18 secondary (2,3) alkyl sulfates of the formulas CH 3 (CH 2 )x(CHOSO 3 ) − M + )CH 3 and CH 3 (CH 2 )y(CHOSO 3 − M + ) CH 2 CH 3 wherein x and (y+1) are integers of at least about 7, preferably at least about 9, and M is a water-solubilizingh cation, especially sodium, the C 10 -C 18 alkyl alkoxy sulfates (especially EO 1-5 ethoxy sulfates), C 10 -C 18 alkyl alkoxy carboxylates (especially the EO 1-5 ethoxycarboxylates), the C 10 -C 18 alkyl polyglycosides, and their corresponding sulfated polyglycosides, C 12 -C 18 alpha-sulfonated fatty acid esters, C 12 -C 18 alkyl and alkyl phenol alkoxylates (especially ethoxylates and mixed ethoxy/propoxy), C 12 -C 18 betaines and sulfobetaines (“sultaines”), C 10 -C 18 amine oxides, and the like. The alkyl alkoxy sulfates (AES) and alkyl alkoxy carboxylates (AEC) are preferred herein. (Use of such surfactants in combination with the aforesaid amine oxide and/or betaine or sultaine surfactants is also preferred, depending on the desires of the formulator.) Other conventional useful surfactants are listed in standard texts. Particularly useful surfactants include the C 10 -C 18 N-methyl glucamides disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,194,639, Connor et al., issued Mar. 16, 1993, incorporated herein by reference.
A wide variety of other ingredients useful in detergent cleaning compositions can be included in the compositions herein, including other active ingredients, carriers, hydrotropes, processing aids, dyes or pigments, solvents for liquid formulations, etc. If an additional increment or sudsing is desired, suds boosters such as the C 10 -C 16 alkolamides can be incorporated into the compositions, typically at about 1% to about 10% levels. The C 10 -C 14 monoethanol and diethanol amides illustrate a typical class of such suds boosters. Use of such suds boosters with high sudsing adjunct surfactants such as the amine oxides, betaines and sultaines noted above is also advantageous. If desired, soluble magnesium salts such as MgCl 2 , MgSO 4 , and the like, can be added at levels of, typically, from about 0.1% to about 2%, to provide additionally sudsing.
›EXAMPLE 6 · 2 of 3
The liquid detergent compositions herein can contain water and other solvents as carriers. Low molecular weight primary or secondary alcohols exemplified by methanol, ethanol, propanol, and isopropanol are suitable. Monohydric alcohols are preferred for solubilizing surfactants, but polyols such as those containing from about 2 to about 6 carbon atoms and from about 2 to about 6 hydroxy groups (e.g., 1,3-propanediol, ethylene glycol, glycerine, and 1,2-propanediol) can also be used. The compositions may contain from about 5% to about 90%, typically from about 10% to about 50% of such carriers.
The detergent compositions herein will preferably be formulated such that during use in aqueous cleaning operations, the wash water will have a pH between about 6.8 and about 11.0. Finished products thus are typically formulated at this range. Techniques for controlling pH at recommended usage levels include the use of buffers, alkalis, acids, etc., and are well known to those skilled in the art.
When formulating the hard surface cleaning compositions and fabric cleaning compositions of the present invention, the formulator may wish to employ various builders at levels from about 5% to about 50% by weight. Typical builders include the 1-10 micron zeolites, polycarboxylates such as citrate and oxydisuccinates, layered silicates, phosphates, and the like. Other conventional builders are listed in standard formularies.
Likewise, the formulator may wish to employ various additional enzymes, such as cellulases, lipases, amylases and proteases in such compositions, typically at levels of from about 0.001% to about 1% by weight. Various detersive and fabric care enzymes are well-known in the laundry detergent art.
Various bleaching compounds, such as the percarbonates, perborates and the like, can be used in such compositions, typically at levels from about 1% to about 15% by weight. If desired, such compositions can also contain bleach activators such as tetraacetyl ethylenediamine, nonanoyloxybenzene sulfonate, and the like, which are also known in the art. Usage levels typically range from about 1% to about 10% by weight.
Various soil release agents, especially of the anionic oligoester type, various chelating agents, especially the aminophosphonates and ethylenediaminedisuccinates, various clay soil removal agents, especially ethoxylated tetraethylene pentamine, various dispersing agents, especially polyacrylates and polyasparatates, various brighteners, especially anionic brighteners, various suds suppressors, especially silicones and secondary alcohols, various fabric softeners, especially smectitie clays, and the like can all be used in such compositions at levels ranging from about 1% to about 35% by weight. Standard formularies and published patents contain multiple, detailed descriptions of such conventional materials.
Enzyme stabilizers may also be used in the cleaning compositions of the present invention. Such enzyme stabilizers include propylene glycol (preferably from about 1% to about 10%), sodium formate (preferably from about 0.1% to about 1%) and calcium formate (preferably from about 0.1% to about 1%).
1. Hard surface cleaning compositions
As used herein “hard surface cleaning composition” refers to liquid and granular detergent compositions for cleaning hard surfaces such as floors, walls, bathroom tiles, and the like. Hard surface cleaning compositions of the present invention comprise an effective amount of one or more enzyme variants of the present invention, preferably from about 0.001% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.01% to about 5%, more preferably still from about 0.05% to about 1% by weight of active enzyme of the composition. In addition to comprising one or more enzyme variants of the present invention, such hard surface cleaning compositions typically comprise a surfactant and a water-soluble sequestering builder. In certain specialized products such as spray window cleaners, however, the surfactants are sometimes not used since they may produce a filmy/streaky residue on the glass surface.
The surfactant component, when present, may comprise as little as 0.1% of the compositions herein, but typically the compositions will contain from about 0.25% to about 10%, more preferably from about 1% to about 5% of surfactant.
Typically the compositions will contain from about 0.5% to about 50% of a detergency builder, preferably from about 1% to about 10%. Preferably the pH should be in the range of about 8 to 12. Conventional pH adjustment agents such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or hydrochloric acid can be used if adjustment is necessary.
Solvents may be included in the compositions. Useful solvents include, but are not limited to, glycol ethers such as diethyleneglycol monohexyl ether, diethyleneglycol monobutyl ether, ethyleneglycol monobutyl ether, ethyleneglycol monohexyl ether, propyleneglycol monobutyl ether, dipropylenegycol monobutyl ether, and diols such as 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol and 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol. When used, such solvents are typically present at levels of from about 0.5% to about 15%, preferably from about 3% to about 11%.
Additionally, highly volatile solvents such as isopropanol or ethanol can be used in the present compositions to facilitate faster evaporation of the composition from surfaces when the surface is not rinsed after “full strength” application of the composition to the surface. When used, volatile solvents are typically present at levels of from about 2% to about 12% in the compositions.
The hard surface cleaning composition embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by the following examples.
EXAMPLES 7-12
In Examples 7-10, the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Thr207Glu, with substantially similar results.
In Examples 11-12, any combination of the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Val199Leu+Ser210Asp, with substantially similar results.
›EXAMPLE 6 · 3 of 3
EXAMPLES 13-18
In Examples 13-16, the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Gln200Glu+Thr207Glu, with substantially similar results.
In Examples 17-18, any combination of the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Gln200Glu+Thr207Glu and Ser210Glu, with substantially similar results.
2. Dishwashing Compositions
In another embodiment of the present invention, dishwashing compositions comprise one or more enzyme variants of the present invention. As used herein, “dishwashing composition” refers to all forms for compositions for cleaning dishes, including but not limited to, granular and liquid forms. The dishwashing composition embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by the following examples.
EXAMPLES 19-24
In Examples 19-22, the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Gln200Pro+Gly205Ala+Ser210Asp, with substantially similar results.
In Examples 23-24, any combination of the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Gln200Pro+Gly205Ala+Ser210Asp and Val199Leu+Ser210Asp, with substantially similar results.
3. Fabric cleaning compositions
In another embodiment of the present invention, fabric cleaning compositions comprise one or more enzyme variants of the present invention. As used herein, “fabric cleaning composition” refers to all forms for detergent compositions for cleaning fabrics, including but not limited to, granular, liquid and bar forms. Preferred fabric cleaning compositions are those in the liquid form.
a. Granular fabric cleaning compositions
The granular fabric cleaning compositions of the present invention contain an effective amount of one or more enzyme variants of the present invention, preferably from about 0.001% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.005% to about 5%, more preferably from about 0.01% to about 1% by weight of active enzyme of the composition. In addition to one or more enzyme variants, the granular fabric cleaning compositions typically comprise at least one surfactant, one or more builders, and, in some cases, a bleaching agent.
The granular fabric cleaning composition embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by the following examples.
EXAMPLES 25-28
In Examples 25-26, the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Ser99Asp, with substantially similar results.
In Examples 27-28, any combination of the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Ser99Asp and Ser99Gly, with substantially similar results.
EXAMPLES 29-32
In Examples 29-30, the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Gln200Glu+Thr207Glu+Ser210Glu, with substantially similar results.
In Examples 31-32, any combination of the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Gln200Glu+Thr207Glu+Ser210Glu and Asn74Asp+Pro204Ala+Thr207Glu, with substantially similar results.
EXAMPLES 33-36
In Examples 33-34, the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Leu 94Gly+Gln200Glu, with substantially similar results.
In Examples 35-36, any combination of the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Leu 94Gly+Gln200Glu and Gln 57Ser+Leu 94Gly+Gln200Glu, with substantially similar results.
EXAMPLES 37-40
In Examples 37-38, the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Asn74His+Gln 57Ser+Asn 60Ser+Leu 94Gly+Gln200Glu, with substantially similar results.
In Examples 39-40, any combination of the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Asn74His+Gln 57Ser+Asn 60Ser+Leu 94Gln+Gly200Glu and Val 93Gln+Tyr102Cys+Ser154Glu+Asn198Gln+Thr207Gly, with substantially similar results.
EXAMPLES 41-42
EXAMPLES 43-44
›EXAMPLE 47 · 1 of 3
b. Liquid fabric cleaning compositions
Liquid fabric cleaning compositions of the present invention comprise an effective amount of one or more enzyme variants of the present invention, preferably from about 0.005% to about 5%, more preferably from about 0.01% to about 1%, by weight of active enzyme of the composition. Such liquid fabric cleaning compositions typically additionally comprise an anionic surfactant, a fatty acid, a water-soluble detergency builder and water.
The liquid fabric cleaning composition embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by the following examples.
EXAMPLES 48-52
In Examples 48-50 the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Pro240Ala+Ala209Thr, with substantially similar results.
In Examples 51-52, any combination of the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Pro240Ala+Ala209Thr and Gln200Glu+Thr207Glu+Ser210Glu, with substantially similar results.
EXAMPLES 53-57
In Examples 53-55 the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Tyr102Cys+Ile105Val+Leu124Ile+Ser154Glu+Asn198Gln+Thr207Gly, with substantially similar results.
In Examples 56-57, any combination of the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 212, among others, are substituted for Tyr102Cys+Ile105Val+Leu124Ile+Ser154Glu+Asn198Gln+Thr207Gly and Asn74Asp+Ser97Asp+Gln 57Ser+Asn 60Ser, with substantially similar results.
EXAMPLES 58-59
In each of Examples 58 and 59 herein, the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Asn74Asp+Ser210Glu, with substantially similar results.
EXAMPLES 60-62
c. Bar fabric cleaning compositions
Bar fabric cleaning compositions of the present invention suitable for hand-washing soiled fabrics contain an effective amount of one or more enzyme variants of the present invention, preferably from about 0.001% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.01% to about 1% by weight of the composition.
The bar fabric cleaning composition embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by the following examples.
EXAMPLES 63-66
In Examples 63-64 the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Val197Glu, with substantially similar results.
In Examples 65-66, any combination of the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Val197Glu and Tyr208Phe+Leu211Asn, with substantially similar results.
EXAMPLES 67-70
In Example 67, the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Asn60Ser+Val 93Gln+Gly213Asp, with substantially similar results.
In Example 68, the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Val 93Gln+Tyr102Cys+Thr207Gly+Gly213Asp, with substantially similar results.
In Examples 69-70, any combination of the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Asn 60Ser+Val 93Gln+Gly213Asp and Val 93Gln+Tyr102Cys+Thr207Gly+Gly213Asp, with substantially similar results.
B. Additional Cleaning Compositions
In addition to the hard surface cleaning, dishwashing and fabric cleaning compositions discussed above, one or more enzyme variants of the present invention may be incorporated into a variety of other cleaning compositions where hydrolysis of an insoluble substrate is desired. Such additional cleaning compositions include but are not limited to, oral cleaning compositions, denture cleaning compositions, and contact lens cleaning compositions.
1. Oral cleaning compositions
In another embodiment of the present invention, a pharmaceutically-acceptable amount of one or more enzyme variants of the present invention are included in compositions useful for removing proteinaceous stains from teeth or dentures. As used herein, “oral cleaning compositions” refers to dentifrices, toothpastes, toothgels, toothpowders, mouthwashes, mouth sprays, mouth gels, chewing gums, lozenges, sachets, tablets, biogels, prophylaxis pastes, dental treatment solutions, and the like. Preferably, the oral cleaning compositions comprise from about 0.0001% to about 20% of one or more enzyme variants of the present invention, more preferably from about 0.001% to about 10%, more preferably still from about 0.01% to about 5%, by weight of the composition, and a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier. As used herein, “pharmaceutically-acceptable” means that drugs, medicaments or inert ingredients which the term describes are suitable for use in contact with the tissues of humans and lower animals without undue toxicity, incompatability, instability, irritation, allergic response, and the like, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.
Typically, the pharmaceutically-acceptable oral cleaning carrier components of the oral cleaning components of the oral cleaning compositions will generally comprise from about 50% to about 99.99%, preferably from about 65% to about 99.99%, more preferably from about 65% to about 99%, by weight of the composition.
The pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier components and optional components which may be included in the oral cleaning compositions of the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art. A wide variety of composition types, carrier components and optional components useful in the oral cleaning compositions are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,096,700, Seibel, issued Mar. 17, 1992; U.S. Pat. No. 5,028,414, Sampathkumar, issued Jul. 2, 1991; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,028,415, Benedict, Bush and Sunberg, issued Jul. 2, 1991; all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The oral cleaning composition embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by the following examples.
EXAMPLES 71-74
In Examples 71-74 the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Val199Leu+Pro240Ala+Thr207Glu+Ser210Glu, with substantially similar results.
EXAMPLES 75-78
In Examples 75-78, the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Ser210Asp, with substantially similar results.
›EXAMPLE 47 · 2 of 3
EXAMPLES 79-82
In Examples 79-82, the subtilisin 309 variants reduced in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Tyr208Phe+Leu211Asn, with substantially similar results.
EXAMPLES 83-86
In Examples 83-86, the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Val199Met+Pro204Ala+Thr207Glu, with substantially similar results.
2. Denture cleaning compositions
In another embodiment of the present invention, denture cleaning compositions for cleaning dentures outside of the oral cavity comprise one or more enzyme variants of the present invention. Such denture cleaning compositions comprise an effective amount of one or more of the enzyme variants, preferably from about 0.0001% to about 50% of one or more of the enzyme variants, more preferably from about 0.001% to about 35%, more preferably still from about 0.01% to about 20%, by weight of the composition, and a denture cleansing carrier. Various denture cleansing composition formats such as effervescent tablets and the like are well known in the art (see for example U.S. Pat. No. 5,055,305, Young, incorporated herein by reference), and are generally appropriate for incorporation of one or more of the enzyme variants for removing proteinaceous stains from dentures.
The denture cleaning composition embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by the following examples.
EXAMPLES 87-90
In Examples 87-90, the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Ser210Glu, with substantially similar results.
3. Contact Lens Cleaning Compositions
In another embodiment of the present invention, contact lens cleaning compositions comprise one or more enzyme variants of the present invention. Such contact lens cleaning compositions comprise an effective amount of one or more of the enzyme variants, preferably from about 0.01% to about 50% of one or more of the enzyme variants, more preferably from about 0.01% to about 20%, more preferably still from about 1% to about 5%, by weight of the composition, and a contact lens cleaning carrier. Various contact lens cleaning composition formats such as tablets, liquids and the like are well known in the art (see for example U.S. Pat. No. 4,863,627, Davies, Maeken and Rees, issued Sep. 5, 1989; U.S. Pat. No. Re. 32,672, Huth, Lam and Kirai, issued May 24, 1988; U.S. Pat. No. 4,609,493, Schäfer, issued Sep. 2, 1986; U.S. Pat. No. 4,690,793, Ogunbiyi and Smith, issued Sep. 1, 1987; U.S. Pat. No. 4,614,549, Ogunbiyi, Riedhamme and Smith, issued Sep. 30, 1986; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,285,738, Ogata, issued Aug. 25, 1981; each of which are incorporated herein by reference), and are generally appropriate for incorporation of one or more enzyme variants of the present invention for removing proteinaceous stains from contact lens.
The contact lens cleaning composition embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by the following examples.
EXAMPLES 91-94
In Examples 91-94, the subtilisin 309 variants recited in Tables 3-38, among others, are substituted for Val199Leu+Ser210Asp, with substantially similar results.
While particular embodiments of the subject invention have been described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications of the subject invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is intended to cover, in the appended claims, all such modifications that are within the scope of the invention.
2
269 amino acids
amino acid
single
linear
protein
1
Ala Gln Ser Val Pro Trp Gly Ile Ser Arg Val Gln Ala Pro Ala Ala
1 5 10 15
His Asn Arg Gly Leu Thr Gly Ser Gly Val Lys Val Ala Val Leu Asp
20 25 30
Thr Gly Ile Ser Thr His Pro Asp Leu Asn Ile Arg Gly Gly Ala Ser
35 40 45
Phe Val Pro Gly Glu Pro Ser Thr Gln Asp Gly Asn Gly His Gly Thr
50 55 60
His Val Ala Gly Thr Ile Ala Ala Leu Asn Asn Ser Ile Gly Val Leu
65 70 75 80
Gly Val Ala Pro Ser Ala Glu Leu Tyr Ala Val Lys Val Leu Gly Ala
85 90 95
Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Val Ser Ser Ile Ala Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ala
100 105 110
Gly Asn Asn Gly Met His Val Ala Asn Leu Ser Leu Gly Ser Pro Ser
115 120 125
Pro Ser Ala Thr Leu Glu Gln Ala Val Asn Ser Ala Thr Ser Arg Gly
130 135 140
Val Leu Val Val Ala Ala Ser Gly Asn Ser Gly Ala Gly Ser Ile Ser
145 150 155 160
Tyr Pro Ala Arg Tyr Ala Asn Ala Met Ala Val Gly Ala Thr Asp Gln
165 170 175
Asn Asn Asn Arg Ala Ser Phe Ser Gln Tyr Gly Ala Gly Leu Asp Ile
180 185 190
Val Ala Pro Gly Val Asn Val Gln Ser Thr Tyr Pro Gly Ser Thr Tyr
195 200 205
Ala Ser Leu Asn Gly Thr Ser Met Ala Thr Pro His Val Ala Gly Ala
210 215 220
Ala Ala Leu Val Lys Gln Lys Asn Pro Ser Trp Ser Asn Val Gln Ile
225 230 235 240
Arg Asn His Leu Lys Asn Thr Ala Thr Ser Leu Gly Ser Thr Asn Leu
245 250 255
Tyr Gly Ser Gly Leu Val Asn Ala Glu Ala Ala Thr Arg
260 265
275 amino acids
amino acid
linear
protein
2
Ala Gln Ser Val Pro Tyr Gly Val Ser Gln Ile Lys Ala Pro Ala Leu
1 5 10 15
His Ser Gln Gly Tyr Thr Gly Ser Asn Val Lys Val Ala Val Ile Asp
20 25 30
Ser Gly Ile Asp Ser Ser His Pro Asp Leu Lys Val Ala Gly Gly Ala
35 40 45
Ser Met Val Pro Ser Glu Thr Asn Pro Phe Gln Asp Asn Asn Ser His
50 55 60
Gly Thr His Val Ala Gly Thr Val Ala Ala Leu Asn Asn Ser Ile Gly
65 70 75 80
Val Leu Gly Val Ala Pro Ser Ala Ser Leu Tyr Ala Val Lys Val Leu
85 90 95
Gly Ala Asp Gly Ser Gly Gln Tyr Ser Trp Ile Ile Asn Gly Ile Glu
100 105 110
Trp Ala Ile Ala Asn Asn Met Asp Val Ile Asn Met Ser Leu Gly Gly
115 120 125
Pro Ser Gly Ser Ala Ala Leu Lys Ala Ala Val Asp Lys Ala Val Ala
130 135 140
Ser Gly Val Val Val Val Ala Ala Ala Gly Asn Glu Gly Thr Ser Gly
145 150 155 160
Ser Ser Ser Thr Val Gly Tyr Pro Gly Lys Tyr Pro Ser Val Ile Ala
165 170 175
Val Gly Ala Val Asp Ser Ser Asn Gln Arg Ala Ser Phe Ser Ser Val
180 185 190
Gly Pro Glu Leu Asp Val Met Ala Pro Gly Val Ser Ile Gln Ser Thr
195 200 205
Leu Pro Gly Asn Lys Tyr Gly Ala Tyr Asn Gly Thr Ser Met Ala Ser
210 215 220
Pro His Val Ala Gly Ala Ala Ala Leu Ile Leu Ser Lys His Pro Asn
225 230 235 240
Trp Thr Asn Thr Gln Val Arg Ser Ser Leu Glu Asn Thr Thr Thr Lys
245 250 255
Leu Gly Asp Ser Phe Tyr Tyr Gly Lys Gly Leu Ile Asn Val Gln Ala
›EXAMPLE 47 · 3 of 3
260 265 270
Ala Ala Gln
275
›Tables in the description — 27
| Amino Acid | Three-letter Abbreviation | Symbol |
| Alanine | Ala | A |
| Arginine | Arg | R |
| Asparagine | Asn | N |
| Aspartic Acid | Asp | D |
| Asparagine or Aspartic Acid | Asp | D |
| Cysteine | Cys | C |
| Glutamine | Gln | Q |
| Glutamic Acid | Glu | E |
| Glutamine or Glutamic Acid | Glx | Z |
| Glycine | Gly | G |
| Histidine | His | H |
| Isoleucine | Ile | I |
| Leucine | Leu | L |
| Lysine | Lys | K |
| Methionine | Met | M |
| Phenylalanine | Phe | F |
| Proline | Phe | F |
| Serine | Ser | S |
| Threonine | Thr | T |
| Tryptophan | Trp | W |
| Tyrosine | Tyr | Y |
| Valine | Val | V |
| No amino acid at position | Xaa | * |
| Amino Acid | Hydrophilicity Value |
|---|---|
| Trp | −3.4 |
| Phe | −2.5 |
| Tyr | −2.3 |
| Leu, Ile | −1.8 |
| Val | −1.5 |
| Met | −1.3 |
| Cys | −1.0 |
| Ala, His | −0.5 |
| Thr | −0.4 |
| Pro, Gly | −0.0 |
| Gln, Asn | 0.2 |
| Ser | 0.3 |
| Arg + , Lys + , Glu − , Asp − | 3.0 |
| Amino Acid Residue | Preferred Amino Acid to be Substituted/Inserted |
| 74 | Asp, His |
| 97 | Asp, Thr, Asn, Gly |
| 99 | Arg, Gly, Asp, Lys, Leu, Ala, Glu |
| 101 | Ala, Gln, Thr, Asp, Glu, Tyr, Lys, Gly, Arg |
| 102 | Ile, Tyr, Ser, Leu, Ala, Thr, Gly |
| 105 | Val, Leu, Tyr, Gly, Phe, Thr, Ser, Ala |
| 121 | Ser, Thr, Ile |
| Component | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| Thr207Glu | 0.05 | 0.50 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.10 | 0.03 |
| Val199Leu + Ser210Asp | — | — | — | — | 0.20 | 0.02 |
| Na 2 DIDA* | ||||||
| EDTA** | — | — | 2.90 | 2.90 | — | — |
| Na Citrate | — | — | — | — | 2.90 | 2.90 |
| NaC 12 Alkyl-benzene | 1.95 | — | 1.95 | — | 1.95 | — |
| sulfonate | ||||||
| NaC 12 Alkylsulfate | — | 2.20 | — | 2.20 | — | 2.20 |
| NaC 12 (ethoxy)*** sulfate | — | 2.20 | — | 2.20 | — | 2.20 |
| C 12 Dimethylamine oxide | — | 0.50 | — | 0.50 | — | 0.50 |
| Na Cumene sulfonate | 1.30 | — | 1.30 | — | 1.30 | — |
| Hexyl Carbitol*** | 6.30 | 6.30 | 6.30 | 6.30 | 6.30 | 6.30 |
| Water**** | balance to 100% | |||||
| *Disodium N-diethyleneglycol-N,N-iminodiacetate | ||||||
| **Na 4 ethylenediamine diacetic acid | ||||||
| ***Diethyleneglycol monohexyl ether | ||||||
| ****All formulas adjusted to pH 7 |
| Component | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
| Gln200Glu + Thr207Glu | 0.50 | 0.05 | 0.60 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.30 |
| Ser210Glu | — | — | — | — | 0.30 | 0.10 |
| Sodium octyl sulfate | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| Sodium dodecyl sulfate | 4.00 | 4.00 | 4.00 | 4.00 | 4.00 | 4.00 |
| Sodium hydroxide | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.80 |
| Silicate (Na) | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Perfume | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 |
| Water | balance to 100% |
| Component | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
| Gln200Pro + Gly205Ala + | 0.05 | 0.50 | 0.02 | 0.40 | 0.10 | 0.03 |
| Ser210Asp | ||||||
| Val199Leu + Ser210Asp | — | — | — | — | 0.40 | 0.02 |
| C 12 - C 14 N-methyl- | 0.90 | 0.90 | 0.90 | 0.90 | 0.90 | 0.90 |
| glucamide | ||||||
| C 12 ethoxy(1)sulfate | 12.00 | 12.00 | 12.00 | 12.00 | 12.00 | 12.00 |
| 2-methyl undecanoic acid | 4.50 | 4.50 | 4.50 | 4.50 | 4.50 | 4.50 |
| C 12 ethoxy(2)carboxylate | 4.50 | 4.50 | 4.50 | 4.50 | 4.50 | 4.50 |
| C 12 alcohol ethoxylate (4) | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| C 12 amine oxide | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| Sodium cumene sulfonate | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| Ethanol | 4.00 | 4.00 | 4.00 | 4.00 | 4.00 | 4.00 |
| Mg ++ (as MgCl 2 ) | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
| Ca ++ (as MgCl 2 ) | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 |
| Water | balance to 100% |
| Component | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 |
| Ser99Asp | 0.10 | 0.20 | 0.03 | 0.05 |
| Ser99Gly | — | — | 0.02 | 0.05 |
| C 13 linear alkyl benzene sulfonate | 22.00 | 22.00 | 22.00 | 22.00 |
| Phosphate (as sodium | 23.00 | 23.00 | 23.00 | 23.00 |
| tripolyphosphates) | ||||
| Sodium carbonate | 23.00 | 23.00 | 23.00 | 23.00 |
| Sodium silicate | 14.00 | 14.00 | 14.00 | 14.00 |
| Zeolite | 8.20 | 8.20 | 8.20 | 8.20 |
| Chelant (diethylaenetriamine- | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 |
| pentaacetic acid) | ||||
| Sodium sulfate | 5.50 | 5.50 | 5.50 | 5.50 |
| Water | balance to 100% |
| Component | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 |
| Gln200Glu + Thr207Glu + Ser210Glu | 0.10 | 0.20 | 0.03 | 0.05 |
| Asn74Asp + Pro204Ala + Thr207Glu | — | — | 0.02 | 0.05 |
| C 12 alkyl benzene sulfonate | 12.00 | 12.00 | 12.00 | 12.00 |
| Zeolite A (1-10 micrometer) | 26.00 | 26.00 | 26.00 | 26.00 |
| 2-butyl octanoic acid | 4.00 | 4.00 | 4.00 | 4.00 |
| C 12 —C 14 secondary (2,3) alkyl sulfate, | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| Na salt | ||||
| Sodium citrate | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| Optical brightener | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 |
| Sodium sulfate | 17.00 | 17.00 | 17.00 | 17.00 |
| Water and minors | balance to 100% |
| Component | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 |
| Leu94Gly + Gln200Glu | 0.10 | 0.20 | 0.03 | 0.05 |
| Gln57Ser + Leu94Gly + Gln200Glu | — | — | 0.02 | 0.05 |
| C 13 linear alkyl benzene sulfonate | 22.00 | 22.00 | 22.00 | 22.00 |
| Phosphate (as sodium | 23.00 | 23.00 | 23.00 | 23.00 |
| tripolyphosphates) | ||||
| Sodium carbonate | 23.00 | 23.00 | 23.00 | 23.00 |
| Sodium silicate | 14.00 | 14.00 | 14.00 | 14.00 |
| Zeolite | 8.20 | 8.20 | 8.20 | 8.20 |
| Chelant (diethylaenetriamine- | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 |
| pentaacetic acid) | ||||
| Sodium sulfate | 5.50 | 5.50 | 5.50 | 5.50 |
| Water | balance to 100% |
| Component | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 |
| Asn74His + Gln57Ser + Asn60Ser + | 0.10 | 0.20 | 0.03 | 0.05 |
| Leu94Gly + Gln200Glu | ||||
| Val93Gln + Tyr102Cys + Ser154Glu + | — | — | 0.02 | 0.05 |
| Asn198Gln + Thr207Gly | ||||
| C 12 alkyl benzene sulfonate | 12.00 | 12.00 | 12.00 | 12.00 |
| Zeolite A (1-10 micrometer) | 26.00 | 26.00 | 26.00 | 26.00 |
| 2-butyl octanoic acid | 4.00 | 4.00 | 4.00 | 4.00 |
| C 12 —C 14 secondary (2,3) alkyl sulfate, | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| Na salt | ||||
| Sodium citrate | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| Optical brightener | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 |
| Sodium sulfate | 17.00 | 17.00 | 17.00 | 17.00 |
| Water and minors | balance to 100% |
| Component | 41 | 42 |
| Linear alkyl benzene sulphonate | 11.4 | 10.70 |
| Tallow alkyl sulphate | 1.8 | 2.40 |
| C 14-15 alkyl sulphate | 3.00 | 3.10 |
| C 14-15 alcohol 7 times ethoxylated | 4.00 | 4.00 |
| Tallow alcohol 11 times ethoxylated | 1.80 | 1.80 |
| Dispersant | 0.07 | 0.1 |
| Silicone fluid | 0.80 | 0.80 |
| Trisodium citrate | 14.00 | 15.00 |
| Citric acid | 3.00 | 2.50 |
| Zeolite | 32.50 | 32.10 |
| Maleic acid acrylic acid copolymer | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| Diethylene triamine penta methylene | 1.00 | 0.20 |
| phosphonic acid | ||
| Ser210Asp | 0.30 | 0.30 |
| Lipase | 0.36 | 0.40 |
| Amylase | 0.30 | 0.30 |
| Sodium silicate | 2.00 | 2.50 |
| Sodium sulphate | 3.50 | 5.20 |
| Polyvinyl pyrrolidone | 0.30 | 0.50 |
| Perborate | 0.5 | 1 |
| Phenol sulphonate | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Peroxidase | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Minors | Up to 100 | Up to 100 |
| Component | 43 | 44 |
| Sodium linear C 12 alkyl benzene-sulfonate | 6.5 | 8.0 |
| Sodium sulfate | 15.0 | 18.0 |
| Zeolite A | 26.0 | 22.0 |
| Sodium nitrilotriacetate | 5.0 | 5.0 |
| Polyvinyl pyrrolidone | 0.5 | 0.7 |
| Tetraacetylethylene diamine | 3.0 | 3.0 |
| Boric acid | 4.0 | — |
| Perborate | 0.5 | 1 |
| Phenol sulphonate | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Val199Leu + Ser210Glu | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Fillers (e.g., silicates; carbonates; | Up to 100 | Up to 100 |
| perfumes; water) |
| Component | Weight % |
|---|---|
| Alkyl Sulphate | 8.0 |
| Alkyl Ethoxy Sulphate | 2.0 |
| Mixture of C 25 and C 45 alcohol 3 and 7 times ethoxylated | 6.0 |
| Polyhydroxy fatty acid amide | 2.5 |
| Zeolite | 17.0 |
| Layered silicate/citrate | 16.0 |
| Carbonate | 7.0 |
| Maleic acid acrylic acid copolymer | 5.0 |
| Soil release polymer | 0.4 |
| Carboxymethyl cellulose | 0.4 |
| Poly(4-vinylpyridine)-N-oxide | 0.1 |
| Copolymer of vinylimidazole and vinylpyrrolidone | 0.1 |
| PEG2000 | 0.2 |
| Asn74Asp + Val197Glu + Gln200Glu + Ser210Glu | 0.5 |
| Lipase | 0.2 |
| Cellulase | 0.2 |
| Tetracetylethylene diamine | 6.0 |
| Percarbonate | 22.0 |
| Ethylene diamine disuccinic acid | 0.3 |
| Suds suppressor | 3.5 |
| Disodium-4,4′-bis(2-morpholino-4-anilino-s-triazin-6- | 0.25 |
| ylamino)stilbene-2,2′-disulphonate | |
| Disodium-4,4′-bis(2-sulfostyril)biphenyl | 0.05 |
| Water, Perfume and Minors | Up to 100 |
| Component | Weight % |
|---|---|
| Linear alkyl benzene sulphonate | 7.6 |
| C 16 —C 18 alkyl sulfate | 1.3 |
| C 14-15 alcohol 7 times ethoxylated | 4.0 |
| Coco-alkyl-dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride | 1.4 |
| Dispersant | 0.07 |
| Silicond fluid | 0.8 |
| Trisodium citrate | 5.0 |
| Zeolite 4A | 15.0 |
| Maleic acid acrylic acid copolymer | 4.0 |
| Diethylene triamine penta methylene phosphonic acid | 0.4 |
| Perborate | 15.0 |
| Tetraacetylethylene diamine | 5.0 |
| Smectite clay | 10.0 |
| Poly (oxy ethylene) (MW 300,000) | 0.3 |
| Tyr208phe + Leu211Asn | 0.4 |
| Lipase | 0.2 |
| Amylase | 0.3 |
| Cellulase | 0.2 |
| Sodium silicate | 3.0 |
| Sodium carbonate | 10.0 |
| Carboxymethyl cellulose | 0.2 |
| Brighteners | 0.2 |
| Water, perfume and minors | Up to 100 |
| Component | Weight % |
|---|---|
| Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate | 6.92 |
| Tallow alkyl sulfate | 2.05 |
| C 14-15 alcohol 7 times ethoxylated | 4.4 |
| C 12-15 alkyl ethoxy sulfate - 3 times ethoxylated | 0.16 |
| Zeolite | 20.2 |
| Citrate | 5.5 |
| Carbonate | 15.4 |
| Silicate | 3.0 |
| Maleic acid acrylic acid copolymer | 4.0 |
| Carboxymethyl cellulase | 0.31 |
| Soil release polymer | 0.30 |
| Asn74His + Val197Glu + Pro204Ala + Ala209Thr + | 0.2 |
| Ser210Glu | |
| Lipase | 0.36 |
| Cellulase | 0.13 |
| Perborate tetrahydrate | 11.64 |
| Perborate monohydrate | 8.7 |
| Tetraacetylethylene diamine | 5.0 |
| Diethylene triamine penta methyl phosphonic acid | 0.38 |
| Magnesium sulfate | 0.40 |
| Brightener | 0.19 |
| Perfume, silicone, suds suppressors | 0.85 |
| Minors | Up to 100 |
| Component | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 |
| Pro204Ala + Ala209Thr | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.30 | 0.03 | 0.10 |
| Gln200Glu + Thr207Glu + | — | — | — | 0.01 | 0.20 |
| Ser210Glu | |||||
| C 12 -C 14 alkyl sulfate, Na | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 |
| 2-butyl octanoic acid | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| Sodium citrate | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| C 10 alcohol ethoxylate (3) | 13.00 | 13.00 | 13.00 | 13.00 | 13.00 |
| Monethanolamine | 2.50 | 2.50 | 2.50 | 2.50 | 2.50 |
| Water/propylene | balance to 100% | ||||
| glycol/ethanol (100:1:1) |
| Component | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 |
| Tyr102Cys + Ile105Val + | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.30 | 0.03 | 0.10 |
| Leu124Ile + Ser154Glu + | |||||
| Asn198Gln + Thr207Gly | |||||
| Asn74Asp + Ser97Asp + | — | — | — | 0.01 | 0.20 |
| Gln57Ser + Asn60Ser | |||||
| C 12 -C 14 alkyl sulfate, Na | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 |
| 2-butyl octanoic acid | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| Sodium citrate | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| C 10 alcohol ethoxylate (3) | 13.00 | 13.00 | 13.00 | 13.00 | 13.00 |
| Monethanolamine | 2.50 | 2.50 | 2.50 | 2.50 | 2.50 |
| Water/propylene | balance to 100% | ||||
| glycol/ethanol (100:1:1) |
| Component | 58 | 59 |
| C 12-14 alkenyl succinic acid | 3.0 | 8.0 |
| Citric acid monohydrate | 10.0 | 15.0 |
| Sodium C 12-15 alkyl sulphate | 8.0 | 8.0 |
| Sodium sulfate of C 12-15 alcohol 2 times ethoxylated | — | 3.0 |
| C 12-15 alcohol 7 times ethoxylated | — | 8.0 |
| C 12-15 alcohol 5 times ethoxylated | 8.0 | — |
| Diethylene triamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) | 0.2 | — |
| Oleic acid | 1.8 | — |
| Ethanol | 4.0 | 4.0 |
| Propanediol | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Asn74Asp + Ser210Glu | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Polyviny pyrrolidone | 1.0 | 2.0 |
| Suds suppressor | 0.15 | 0.15 |
| NaOH | up to pH 7.5 | |
| Perborate | 0.5 | 1 |
| Phenol sulphonate | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Peroxidase | 0.4 | 0.1 |
| Water and minors | up to 100 parts |
| Component | 60 | 61 | 62 |
| Citric Acid | 7.10 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| Fatty Acid | 2.00 | — | 2.00 |
| Ethanol | 1.93 | 3.20 | 3.20 |
| Boric Acid | 2.22 | 3.50 | 3.50 |
| Monoethanolamine | 0.71 | 1.09 | 1.09 |
| 1,2 Propanediol | 7.89 | 8.00 | 8.00 |
| NaCumene Sulfonate | 1.80 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| NaFormate | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
| NaOH | 6.70 | 3.80 | 3.80 |
| Silicon anti-foam agent | 1.16 | 1.18 | 1.18 |
| Ser210Glu | 0.0145 | — | — |
| Asn74Asp + Ser97Asp + Ser210Glu | — | 0.0145 | — |
| Gln200Glu + Ser210Glu | — | — | 0.0145 |
| Lipase | 0.200 | 0.200 | 0.200 |
| Cellulase | — | 7.50 | 7.50 |
| Soil release polymer | 0.29 | 0.15 | 0.15 |
| Anti-foaming agents | 0.06 | 0.085 | 0.085 |
| Brightener 36 | 0.095 | — | — |
| Brightener 3 | — | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| C 12 alkyl benzenesulfonic acid | 9.86 | — | — |
| C 12-15 alkyl polyethoxylate (2.5) sulfate | 13.80 | 18.00 | 18.00 |
| C 12 glucose amide | — | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| C 12-13 alkyl polyethoxylate (9) | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| Water, perfume and minors | balance to 100% |
| Component | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 |
| Val196Glu | 0.3 | — | 0.1 | 0.02 |
| Tyr208Phe + Leu211Asn | — | — | 0.4 | 0.03 |
| C 12 —C 16 alkyl sulfate, Na | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.00 |
| C 12 —C 14 N-methyl glucamide | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.00 |
| C 11 —C 13 alkyl benzene sulfonate, Na | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.00 |
| Sodium carbonate | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.00 |
| Sodium pyrophosphate | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.00 |
| Sodium tripolyphosphate | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.00 |
| Zeolite A (0.1-.10 μ) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.00 |
| Carboxymethylcellulose | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.20 |
| Polyacrylate (MW 1400) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.20 |
| Coconut monethanolamide | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.00 |
| Brightener, perfume | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.20 |
| CaSO 4 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.00 |
| MgSO 4 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.00 |
| Water | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.00 |
| Filler* | balance to 100% |
| Component | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 |
| Asn60Ser + Val93Gln + Gly213Asp | 0.3 | — | 0.1 | 0.02 |
| Val93Gln + Tyr102Cys ° Thr207Gly + | — | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.03 |
| Gly213Asp | ||||
| C 12 —C 16 alkyl sulfate, Na | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.00 |
| C 12 —C 14 N-methyl glucamide | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.00 |
| C 11 —C 13 alkyl benzene sulfonate, Na | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.00 |
| Sodium carbonate | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.00 |
| Sodium pyrophosphate | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.00 |
| Sodium tripolyphosphate | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.00 |
| Zeolite A (0.1-.10 μ) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.00 |
| Carboxymethylcellulose | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.20 |
| Polyacrylate (MW 1400) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.20 |
| Coconut monethanolamide | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.00 |
| Brightener, perfume | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.20 |
| CaSO 4 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.00 |
| MgSO 4 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.00 |
| Water | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.00 |
| Filler* | balance to 100% |
| Component | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 |
| Val199Leu + Pro204Ala | 2.00 | 3.500 | 1.500 | 2.000 |
| + Thr207Glu + Ser210Glu | ||||
| Sorbitol (70% aqueous solution) | 35.000 | 35.000 | 35.000 | 35.000 |
| PEG-6* | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| Silica dental abrasive** | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 |
| Sodium Fluoride | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 |
| Titanium dioxide | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 |
| Sodium saccharin | 0.286 | 0.286 | 0.286 | 0.286 |
| Sodium alkyl sulfate (27.9% | 4.000 | 4.000 | 4.000 | 4.000 |
| aqueous solution) | ||||
| Flavor | 1.040 | 1.040 | 1.040 | 1.040 |
| Carboxyvinyl Polymer*** | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 |
| Carrageenan**** | 0.800 | 0.800 | 0.800 | 0.800 |
| Water | balance to 100% |
| Component | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 |
| Ser210Asp | 3.00 | 7.50 | 1.00 | 5.00 |
| SDA 40 Alcohol | 8.00 | 8.00 | 8.00 | 8.00 |
| Flavor | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
| Emulsifier | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
| Sodium Fluoride | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| Glycerin | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 |
| Sweetener | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
| Benzoic acid | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| Sodium hydroxide | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
| Dye | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Water | balance to 100% |
| Component | 79 | 80 | 81 | 82 |
| Tyr208Phe + Leu211Asn | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.10 | 0.02 |
| Sorbitol | 17.50 | 17.50 | 17.50 | 17.50 |
| Mannitol | 17.50 | 17.50 | 17.50 | 17.50 |
| Starch | 13.60 | 13.60 | 13.60 | 13.60 |
| Sweetener | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.20 |
| Flavor | 11.70 | 11.70 | 11.70 | 11.70 |
| Color | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 |
| Corn Syrup | balance to 100% |
| Component | 83 | 84 | 85 | 86 |
| Val199Met + Pro204Ala + Thr207Glu | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.05 |
| Sorbitol crystals | 38.44 | 38.40 | 38.40 | 38.40 |
| Paloja-T gum base* | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 |
| Sorbitol (70% aqueous solution) | 22.00 | 22.00 | 22.00 | 22.00 |
| Mannitol | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 |
| Glycerine | 7.56 | 7.56 | 7.56 | 7.56 |
| Flavor | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Component | 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 |
| Acidic Layer | ||||
| Ser210Glu | 1.0 | 1.5 | 0.01 | 0.05 |
| Tartaric acid | 24.0 | 24.0 | 24.0 | 24.0 |
| Sodium carbonate | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.00 | 4.00 |
| Sulphamic acid | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.00 | 10.00 |
| PEG 20,000 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.00 | 4.00 |
| Sodium bicarbonate | 24.5 | 24.5 | 24.50 | 24.50 |
| Potassium persulfate | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.00 | 15.00 |
| Sodium acid pyrophosphate | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.00 | 7.00 |
| Pyrogenic silica | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| TAED* | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.00 | 7.00 |
| Ricinoleylsulfosuccinate | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
| Flavor | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Alkaline Layer | ||||
| Sodium perborate monohydrate | 32.0 | 32.0 | 32.00 | 32.00 |
| Sodium bicarbonate | 19.0 | 19.0 | 19.00 | 19.00 |
| EDTA | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| Sodium tripolyphosphate | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.00 | 12.00 |
| PEG 20,000 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| Potassium persulfate | 26.0 | 26.0 | 26.00 | 26.00 |
| Sodium carbonate | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| Pyrogenic silica | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| Dye/flavor | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| *Tetraacetylethylene diamine |
| Component | 91 | 92 | 93 | 94 |
| Val199Leu + Ser210Asp | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 2.0 |
| Glucose | 50.00 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 |
| Nonionic surfactant (polyoxyethlene- | 2.00 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| polyoxypropylene copolymer) | ||||
| Anionic surfactant (polyoxyethlene- | 1.00 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| alkylphenylether sodium sulfricester) | ||||
| Sodium chloride | 1.00 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Borax | 0.30 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Water | balance to 100% |
Claims as granted
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24 codes- A61K8/42
- A61K8/49
- A61Q19/10
- A61K8/23
- A61K8/46
- A61K8/66
- A61Q11/00
- A61K8/24
- A61K8/22
- A61K8/41
- A61Q11/02
- C12N15/09
- C12R1/125
- C11D3/386
- C12N15/57
- C12N9/54
- G06Q40/04
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