The present invention relates to (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salts, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and to their use in therapy and/or prophylaxis of sigma receptor and/or μ-opioid receptor associated disease.

Description

20 parts

›FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to salts of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one, specifically to the fumarate, maleate, besylate, succinate, malonate, esylate, (S)-(+)-mandelate, oxalate, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, hydrochloride and hydrobromide salts, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and to their use in therapy and/or prophylaxis of sigma and/or μ-opioid receptor associated diseases.

›BACKGROUND · 1 of 2

The adequate management of pain constitutes an important challenge, since currently available treatments provide in many cases only modest improvements, leaving many patients unrelieved [Turk D C, Wilson H D, Cahana A. Treatment of chronic non-cancer pain. Lancet 377, 2226-2235 (2011)]. Pain affects a big portion of the population with an estimated prevalence of around 20% and its incidence, particularly in the case of chronic pain, is increasing due to the population ageing. Additionally, pain is clearly related to comorbidities, such as depression, anxiety and insomnia, which lead to important productivity losses and socio-economic burden [Goldberg D S, McGee S J. Pain as a global public health priority. BMC Public Health. 11, 770 (2011)]. Existing pain therapies include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioid agonists, calcium channel blockers and antidepressants, but they are much less than optimal regarding their safety ratio. All of them show limited efficacy and a range of secondary effects that preclude their use, especially in chronic settings.

As mentioned before, there are few available therapeutic classes for the treatment of pain, and opioids are among the most effective, especially when addressing severe pain states. They act through three different types of opioid receptors (mu, kappa and gamma) which are transmembrane G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Still, the main analgesic action is attributed to the activation of the μ-opioid receptor (or mu-opioid receptor or MOR). However, the general administration of MOR agonists is limited due to their important side effects, such as constipation, respiratory depression, tolerance, emesis and physical dependence [Meldrum, M. L. (Ed.). Opioids and Pain Relief: A Historical Perspective. Progress in Pain Research and Management, Vol 25. IASP Press, Seattle, 2003]. Additionally, MOR agonists are not optimal for the treatment of chronic pain as indicated by the diminished effectiveness of morphine against chronic pain conditions. This is especially proven for the chronic pain conditions of neuropathic or inflammatory origin, in comparison to its high potency against acute pain. The finding that chronic pain can lead to MOR down-regulation may offer a molecular basis for the relative lack of efficacy of morphine in long-term treatment settings [Dickenson, A. H., Suzuki, R. Opioids in neuropathic pain: Clues from animal studies . Eur J Pain 9, 113-6 (2005)]. Moreover, prolonged treatment with morphine may result in tolerance to its analgesic effects, most likely due to treatment-induced MOR down-regulation, internalization and other regulatory mechanisms. As a consequence, long-term treatment can result in substantial increases in dosing in order to maintain a clinically satisfactory pain relief, but the narrow therapeutic window of MOR agonists finally results in unacceptable side effects and poor patient compliance.

The sigma-1 (σ 1 ) receptor was discovered 35 years ago and initially assigned to a new subtype of the opioid family, but later on and based on the studies of the enantiomers of SKF-10,047, its independent nature was established. The first link of the σ 1 receptor to analgesia was established by Chien and Pasternak [Chien C C, Pasternak G W. Sigma antagonists potentiate opioid analgesia in rats. Neurosci. Lett. 190, 137-9 (1995)], who described it as an endogenous anti-opioid system, based on the finding that σ 1 receptor agonists counteracted opioid receptor mediated analgesia, while 61 receptor antagonists, such as haloperidol, potentiated it.

Many additional preclinical evidences have indicated a clear role of the σ 1 receptor in the treatment of pain [Zamanillo D, Romero L, Merlos M, Vela J M. Sigma-1 receptor: A new therapeutic target for pain. Eur. J. Pharmacol, 716, 78-93 (2013)]. The development of the σ 1 receptor knockout mice, which show no obvious phenotype and perceive normally sensory stimuli, was a key milestone in this endeavour. In physiological conditions the responses of the σ 1 receptor knockout mice to mechanical and thermal stimuli were found to be undistinguishable from WT ones but they were shown to possess a much higher resistance to develop pain behaviors than WT mice when hypersensitivity entered into play. Hence, in the σ 1 receptor knockout mice capsaicin did not induce mechanical hypersensitivity, both phases of formalin-induced pain were reduced, and cold and mechanical hypersensitivity were strongly attenuated after partial sciatic nerve ligation or after treatment with paclitaxel, which are models of neuropathic pain. Many of these actions were confirmed by the use of σ 1 receptor antagonists and led to the advancement of one compound, S1RA, into clinical trials for the treatment of different pain states. Compound S1RA exerted a substantial reduction of neuropathic pain and anhedonic state following nerve injury (i.e., neuropathic pain conditions) and, as demonstrated in an operant self-administration model, the nerve-injured mice, but not sham-operated mice, acquired the operant responding to obtain it (presumably to get pain relief), indicating that σ 1 receptor antagonism relieves neuropathic pain and also address some of the comorbidities (i.e., anhedonia, a core symptom in depression) related to pain states.

Pain is multimodal in nature, since in nearly all pain states several mediators, signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms are implicated. Consequently, monomodal therapies fail to provide complete pain relief. Currently, combining existing therapies is a common clinical practice and many efforts are directed to assess the best combination of available drugs in clinical studies [Mao J, Gold M S, Backonja M. Combination drug therapy for chronic pain: a call for more clinical studies. J. Pain 12, 157-166 (2011)]. Hence, there is an urgent need for innovative therapeutics to address this unmet medical need.

As mentioned previously, opioids are among the most potent analgesics but they are also responsible for various adverse effects which seriously limit their use.

›BACKGROUND · 2 of 2

Accordingly, there is still a need to find compounds that have an alternative or improved pharmacological activity in the treatment of pain, being both effective and showing the desired selectivity, and having good “drugability” properties, i.e. good pharmaceutical properties related to administration, distribution, metabolism and excretion.

Alkyl derivatives of 1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro undecane compounds are such promising dual ligands. These compounds and their synthesis are disclosed and claimed in WO 2015185209.

Alkyl derivatives of 1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro undecane compounds bind to both the μ-opioid receptor and to the σ 1 receptor. They display strong analgesic activity in the treatment and prevention of chronic and acute pain, and particularly, neuropathic pain. The compounds have the structural formula:

To carry out its pharmaceutical development and take advantage of its potential, there is a need in the art for additional forms of alkyl derivatives of 1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro undecane compounds that will facilitate the preparation of better formulations of this active pharmaceutical ingredient.

In particular, (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is one of such promising σ 1 -μ receptor ligands. The compound and its synthesis are disclosed and claimed in WO 2015185209.

(R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5] undecan-3-one is a new compound that shows both antagonist affinity for the sigma-1 receptor and agonist affinity for the mu-opioid receptor. However, as a free base is an oily product and hence not convenient for formulation development. The study of salt formation is desirable in order to identify suitable salts that could provide an important advantage to the formulation of this compound.

(R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one displays strong analgesic activity in the treatment and prevention of chronic and acute pain, and particularly, neuropathic pain. The compound has a molecular weight of 353.1 Da and a pKa of 7.9. The structural formula of the compound is:

To carry out its pharmaceutical development and take advantage of its potential, there is a need in the art for additional forms of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one that will facilitate the preparation of better formulations of this active pharmaceutical ingredient.

In this regard, alternative forms of the compound may have widely different properties such as, for example, enhanced thermodynamic stability, higher purity or improved bioavailability (e.g. better absorption, dissolution patterns). Specific compound forms could also facilitate the manufacturing (e.g. enhanced flowability), handling and storage (e.g. non-hygroscopic, long shelf life) of the compound formulations or allow the use of a lower dose of the therapeutic agent, thus decreasing its potential side effects. Thus, it is important to provide such forms, having improved properties for pharmaceutical use.

›BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In the present invention, after an extensive research on different forms of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one, it has been surprisingly found and demonstrated that some of its salts provide advantageous production, handling, storage and/or therapeutic properties.

Thus, in a first aspect the present invention relates to a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salt.

Thus, in another aspect the present invention relates to a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one solid salt.

In a further aspect the present invention relates to a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one crystalline salt.

In another aspect the present invention relates to a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one amorphous salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from inorganic acids.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from organic acids.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from the group consisting of sulfonic acids.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from the group consisting of di-acids.

In a still further preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from the group consisting of mono-acids.

A further aspect of the present invention includes pharmaceutical compositions comprising a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salt and at least a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant or vehicle.

A further aspect of the present invention includes pharmaceutical compositions comprising a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one solid salt and at least a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant or vehicle.

A further aspect of the present invention includes pharmaceutical compositions comprising a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one crystalline salt and at least a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant or vehicle.

A further aspect of the present invention includes pharmaceutical compositions comprising a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one amorphous salt and at least a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant or vehicle.

In a further aspect, the invention is directed to a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salt for use as medicament, preferably as sigma ligand and/or μ-opioid ligand, i.e., for use in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a sigma and/or μ-opioid receptor mediated disease or condition.

In a further aspect, the invention is directed to a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one solid salt for use as medicament, preferably as sigma ligand and/or μ-opioid ligand, i.e., for use in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a sigma and/or μ-opioid receptor mediated disease or condition.

In a further aspect, the invention is directed to a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one crystalline salt for use as medicament, preferably as sigma ligand and/or μ-opioid ligand, i.e., for use in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a sigma and/or μ-opioid receptor mediated disease or condition.

In a further aspect the invention is directed to a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one amorphous salt for use as medicament, preferably as sigma ligand and/or μ-opioid ligand, i.e., for use in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a sigma and/or μ-opioid receptor mediated disease or condition.

Another aspect of this invention relates to a method of treating and/or preventing a sigma and/or μ-opioid receptor mediated disease which method comprises administering to a patient in need of such a treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as above defined or a pharmaceutical composition thereof.

The compound according to the invention is a salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one solving thereby the above-mentioned problem.

The compound according to the invention is a polymorphic salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one solving thereby the above-mentioned problem.

These aspects and preferred embodiments thereof are additionally also defined in the claims.

›BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 . 1 H-NMR of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one free base.

FIG. 2 . XRPD pattern of hydrochloride salt Form P1

FIG. 3 . 1 H-NMR of hydrochloride salt Form P1

FIG. 4 . DSC analysis of hydrochloride salt Form P1

FIG. 5 . XRPD pattern of hydrochloride salt Form P2

FIG. 6 . 1 H-NMR of hydrochloride salt Form P2

FIG. 7 . DSC analysis of hydrochloride salt Form P2

FIG. 8 . XRPD pattern of hydrochloride salt Form P3

FIG. 9 . XRPD pattern of fumarate salt Form P1

FIG. 10 . 1 H-NMR of fumarate salt Form P1

FIG. 11 . DSC analysis of fumarate salt Form P1

FIG. 12 : XRPD pattern of hydrobromide salt Form P1

FIG. 13 : 1 H-NMR of hydrobromide salt Form P1

FIG. 14 : DSC analysis of hydrobromide salt Form P1

FIG. 15 : XRPD pattern of maleate salt Form P1

FIG. 16 : XRPD pattern of maleate salt Form P2

FIG. 17 : 1 H-NMR of maleate salt Form P2

FIG. 18 : DSC analysis of maleate salt Form P2

FIG. 19 : XRPD pattern of maleate salt Form P3

FIG. 20 : 1 H-NMR of maleate salt Form P3

FIG. 21 : DSC analysis of maleate salt Form P3

FIG. 22 : XRPD pattern of besylate salt Form P1

FIG. 23 : 1 H-NMR of besylate salt Form P1

FIG. 24 : DSC analysis of besylate salt Form P1

FIG. 25 : XRPD pattern of besylate salt Form P2

FIG. 26 : 1 H-NMR of besylate salt Form P2

FIG. 27 : DSC analysis of besylate salt Form P2

FIG. 28 : XRPD pattern of phosphate salt Form P1

FIG. 29 : 1 H-NMR of phosphate salt Form P1

FIG. 30 : DSC analysis of phosphate salt Form P1

FIG. 31 : XRPD pattern of sulfate salt Form P1.

FIG. 32 : 1 H-NMR of sulfate salt Form P1.

FIG. 33 : DSC analysis of sulfate salt Form P1.

FIG. 34 : XRPD pattern of succinate salt Form P1

FIG. 35 : 1 H-NMR of succinate salt Form P1

FIG. 36 : DSC analysis of succinate salt Form P1

FIG. 37 : XRPD pattern of oxalate salt Form P1

FIG. 38 : 1 H-NMR of oxalate salt Form P1

FIG. 39 : DSC analysis of oxalate salt Form P1

FIG. 40 : XRPD pattern of oxalate salt Form P2

FIG. 41 : 1 H-NMR of oxalate salt Form P2

FIG. 42 : DSC analysis of oxalate salt Form P2

FIG. 43 : XRPD pattern of malonate salt Form P1

FIG. 44 : 1 H-NMR of malonate salt Form P1

FIG. 45 : DSC analysis of malonate salt Form P1

FIG. 46 : XRPD pattern of esylate salt Form P1

FIG. 47 : 1 H-NMR of esylate salt Form P1

FIG. 48 : DSC analysis of esylate salt Form P1

FIG. 49 : XRPD pattern of nitrate salt Form P1

FIG. 50 : 1 H-NMR of nitrate salt Form P1

FIG. 51 : DSC analysis of nitrate salt Form P1

FIG. 52 : XRPD pattern of (S)-(+)-mandelate salt Form P1

FIG. 53 : 1 H-NMR of (S)-(+)-mandelate salt Form P1

FIG. 54 : DSC analysis of (S)-(+)-mandelate salt Form P1

›DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION · 1 of 12

(R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5] undecan-3-one, is a compound that shows both antagonist affinity for the sigma-1 receptor and agonist affinity for the mu-opioid receptor (WO 2015185209). However, (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5] undecan-3-one as a free base is an oily product and hence not convenient for formulation development. The study of salt formation is desirable in order to identify suitable salts that could provide an important advantage to the formulation of this compound.

The new “salts”, in particular solid salts, of a pharmaceutical compound provides an opportunity to improve the physical or performance characteristics of a pharmaceutical product in that it enlarges the repertoire of materials that a formulation scientist has available for designing, for example, a pharmaceutical dosage form of a drug with a targeted release profile or other desired characteristics.

In this particular case there is a need in the art for additional forms of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one to carry out its pharmaceutical development and release its potential, and facilitate the preparation of better formulations of this active pharmaceutical ingredient. In particular, (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one, as the free base, is an oily product and thus not suitable for development. In this regard, different salts, in particular solid salts, of the compound may provide a substantial improvement in handling and may as well have widely different properties such as, for example, enhanced thermodynamic stability, higher purity or improved bioavailability (e.g. better absorption, dissolution patterns) and could either become intermediates for other forms or provide in themselves a still better formulation of this active pharmaceutical ingredient. Specific compound forms could also facilitate the manufacturing (e.g. enhanced flowability), handling and storage (e.g. non-hygroscopic, long shelf life) of the compound formulations or allow the use of a lower dose of the therapeutic agent, thus decreasing its potential side effects. Thus, it is important to find such forms, having desirable properties for pharmaceutical use.

The inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found and demonstrated that new salts, in particular solid salts, of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one may achieve one or more of the above mentioned objectives. The novel salts, in particular solid salts, of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one herein disclosed are fairly stable over the time and have good flow and dissolution characteristics. Particularly, novel and highly stable salts, in particular solid salts, of the compound provide advantageous production, handling, storage and therapeutic properties.

Thus, the present invention relates to salts, in particular solid salts, of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one, to their use and to several processes for their preparation.

The inventors of the present invention, after an extensive research on different forms of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one, have additionally and surprisingly found and demonstrated that most of its salts, in particular solid salts, provide advantageous production, handling, storage and/or therapeutic properties.

For example, it is surprisingly found and demonstrated that some of the salts, in particular solid salts, of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one and specifically the hydrogen halides salts and simple carboxylic diacid salts provides advantageous production, handling, storage and/or therapeutic properties.

Further, among the acids suitable for obtaining a salt in solid form, it has been surprisingly found that the strong inorganic monoacids and the organic diacids provided good results in terms of easiness of preparation, physical stability, scaling-up, solubility, etc. This is particularly true for hydrochloride, hydrobromide, phosphate, sulfate, nitrate, fumarate, maleate, succinate, oxalate and malonate. These results are shown through the increment achieved regarding the melting point and the values for some specific properties as thermodynamic solubility or pharmacokinetic parameters as Cmax or AUC in order to find new alternative forms having desirable properties for pharmaceutical use.

For clarity reasons, the salts of the present invention are sometimes referring to as the corresponding acid or as the salt as such. There are two different ways of describing the same product. For example, malonate salts are also referring to salts of malonic acid or malonic salts, oxalate salts to salts of oxalic acid or oxalic salts, succinate salts to salts of succinic acid or succinic salts, etc.

Thus, in a first aspect, the present invention is directed to a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salt.

Thus, in another aspect the present invention relates to a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one solid salt.

In another aspect the present invention relates to (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one crystalline salts.

In another aspect the present invention relates to (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one amorphous salts.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from organic acids.

›DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION · 2 of 12

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from the group consisting of sulfonic acids.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from the group consisting of di-acids.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from the group consisting of mono-acids.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from hydrochloride, fumarate, hydrobromide, maleate, phosphate, sulfate, succinate, oxalate, malonate, mesylate, esylate, besylate, nitrate, and (S)-(+)-mandelate.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from hydrochloride, hydrobromide, phosphate, sulfate and nitrate.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from fumarate, maleate, succinate, oxalate, malonate, mesylate, esylate, besylate and (S)-(+)-mandelate.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from mesylate, esylate and besylate.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from fumarate, maleate, succinate, oxalate and malonate.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from mesylate, esylate, besylate and (S)-(+)-mandelate.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from mesylate, esylate and besylate.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is (S)-(+)-mandelate.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from mesylate.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is not the hydrochloride salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the hydrochloride salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the hydrobromide salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the fumarate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the maleate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the besylate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the phosphate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the sulfate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the succinate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the oxalate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the malonate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the esylate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the nitrate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the (S)-(+)-mandelate salt.

›DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION · 3 of 12

As noted previously, it has been reported that (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is a selective sigma-1 (σ 1 ) receptor antagonist and/or μ-opioid receptor agonist, displaying strong analgesic activity in the treatment and prevention of pain (see WO 2015185209).

It has now been found that the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salts according to the present invention are particularly suitable for use as medicament.

In a preferred embodiment the invention relates to (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salts for use as a medicament.

In a preferred embodiment the invention relates to (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salts for the manufacture of a medicament.

In a preferred embodiment the invention relates to (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salts for use in the manufacture of a medicament.

In a preferred embodiment the invention relates to (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salts for use in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of pain.

In a preferred embodiment the invention relates to (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salts for use in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of medium to severe pain, visceral pain, chronic pain, cancer pain, migraine, inflammatory pain, acute pain or neuropathic pain, allodynia or hyperalgesia, also preferably including mechanical allodynia or thermal hyperalgesia.

In a preferred embodiment the invention relates to a method for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of pain, said method comprises administering to a patient in need a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salt.

In a preferred embodiment the invention relates to a method for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of medium to severe pain, visceral pain, chronic pain, cancer pain, migraine, inflammatory pain, acute pain or neuropathic pain, allodynia or hyperalgesia, also preferably including mechanical allodynia or thermal hyperalgesia, said method comprises administering to a patient in need a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salt.

In a preferred embodiment the invention relates to (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salts, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of medium to severe pain, visceral pain, chronic pain, cancer pain, migraine, inflammatory pain, acute pain or neuropathic pain, allodynia or hyperalgesia, also preferably including mechanical allodynia or thermal hyperalgesia.

In a preferred embodiment the invention relates to (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salts for use in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of medium to severe pain, visceral pain, chronic pain, cancer pain, migraine, inflammatory pain, acute pain or neuropathic pain, allodynia or hyperalgesia, also preferably including mechanical allodynia or thermal hyperalgesia.

The present invention therefore further provides medicaments or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salt together with at least a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant, or vehicle, for administration to a patient.

Examples of pharmaceutical compositions include any solid (tablets, pills, capsules, granules etc.) or liquid (solutions, suspensions or emulsions) composition for oral, topical or parenteral administration.

In a preferred embodiment the pharmaceutical compositions are in oral form, either solid or liquid. Suitable dose forms for oral administration may be tablets, capsules, syrops or solutions and may contain conventional excipients known in the art such as binding agents, for example syrup, acacia, gelatin, sorbitol, tragacanth, or polyvinylpyrrolidone; fillers, for example lactose, sugar, maize starch, calcium phosphate, sorbitol or glycine; tabletting lubricants, for example magnesium stearate; disintegrants, for example starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium starch glycollate or microcrystalline cellulose; or pharmaceutically acceptable wetting agents such as sodium lauryl sulfate.

The solid oral compositions may be prepared by conventional methods of blending, filling or tabletting. Repeated blending operations may be used to distribute the active agent throughout those compositions employing large quantities of fillers. Such operations are conventional in the art. The tablets may for example be prepared by wet or dry granulation and optionally coated according to methods well known in normal pharmaceutical practice, in particular with an enteric coating.

The pharmaceutical compositions may also be adapted for parenteral administration, such as sterile solutions, suspensions or lyophilized products in the appropriate unit dosage form. Adequate excipients can be used, such as bulking agents, buffering agents or surfactants.

Administration of the compounds or compositions of the present invention may be by any suitable method, such as intravenous infusion, oral preparations, and intraperitoneal and intravenous administration. Oral administration is preferred because of the convenience for the patient and the chronic character of the diseases to be treated.

›DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION · 4 of 12

The compounds and compositions of this invention may be used with other drugs to provide a combination therapy. The other drugs may form part of the same composition, or be provided as a separate composition for administration at the same time or at different time.

The auxiliary materials or additives of a pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention can be selected among carriers, excipients, support materials, lubricants, fillers, solvents, diluents, colorants, flavour conditioners such as sugars, antioxidants, binders, adhesives, disintegrants, anti-adherents, glidants and/or agglutinants. In the case of suppositories, this may imply waxes or fatty acid esters or preservatives, emulsifiers and/or carriers for parenteral application. The selection of these auxiliary materials and/or additives and the amounts to be used will depend on the form of application of the pharmaceutical composition.

The medicament or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may be in any form suitable for the application to humans and/or animals, preferably humans including infants, children and adults and can be produced by standard procedures known to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the formulation in accordance with the invention may be adapted for topical or systemic application, particularly for dermal, transdermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intra-articular, intraperitoneal, intravenous, intra-arterial, intravesical, intraosseous, intracavernosal, pulmonary, buccal, sublingual, ocular, intravitreal, intranasal, percutaneous, rectal, vaginal, oral, epidural, intrathecal, intraventricular, intracerebral, intracerebroventricular, intra cisternal, intraspinal, perispinal, intracranial, delivery via needles or catheters with or without pump devices, or other application routes.

The mentioned formulations will be prepared using standard methods such as those described or referred to in the Spanish and US Pharmacopoeias and similar reference texts.

In one embodiment of the invention the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salts are used in therapeutically effective amounts.

Generally an effective administered amount of a compound of the invention will depend on the relative efficacy of the compound chosen, the severity of the disorder being treated and the weight of the sufferer. The physician will determine the dosage of the present therapeutic agents which will be most suitable and it will vary with the form of administration and the particular compound chosen, and furthermore, it will vary with the patient under treatment, the age of the patient, the type of disease or condition being treated. When the composition is administered orally, larger quantities of the active agent will be required to produce the same effect as a smaller quantity given parenterally. The active compound will typically be administered once or more times a day for example 1, 2, 3 or 4 times daily, with typical total daily doses in the range of from 0.1 to 1000 mg/kg/day.

Particularly, the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salts are useful for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a sigma receptor and/or μ-opioid receptor mediated disease or condition.

In a preferred embodiment, all the salts according to the present invention are useful for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a sigma receptor and/or μ-opioid receptor mediated disease or condition, preferably all the salts according to the present invention are useful for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a sigma receptor and μ-opioid receptor mediated disease or condition.

In order to obtain new salts of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one, which is an oily product not suitable for development, several acids were selected according to the following criteria:

Acids with enough acidity to protonate the free base Acids that are pharmaceutically acceptable compounds

The General Procedure to Prepare the Salts was as Follows:

(R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one and ca. 1 eq. of the corresponding acidic counter-ion were mixed and solvent was added to obtain a clear solution or a suspension.

When a suspension was obtained (slurry), the mixture was stirred between rt and 40° C. overnight. When a clear solution was prepared, the solution was either cooled down (0-20° C.) to obtain a precipitated solid (precipitation) or evaporated to dryness under ambient conditions or with a rotavapor (evaporation).

In all cases, the recovered solids were isolated by centrifugation and dried prior XRPD analysis. Optionally, ultrasounds were used in order to help dissolving the reagents.

The results obtained with different acids and conditions are depicted in Table 1.

Some of the salts, in particular solid salts, of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one may present the additional advantage of being useful for the obtention of other forms such as the crystalline forms of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salts.

The inventors of the present invention have also surprisingly found and demonstrated that the novel amorphous and crystalline salts of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one herein disclosed are fairly stable over the time and have good flow and dissolution characteristics. Particularly, a novel and highly stable amorphous and crystalline salts form of the compound provides advantageous production, handling, storage and therapeutic properties.

Thus, the present invention also relates to amorphous and crystalline salts of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one, to their use and to several processes for their preparation.

For example, it is surprisingly found and demonstrated that some of the amorphous and crystalline salts of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one and specifically the hydrogen halides salts and simple carboxylic diacid salts provides advantageous production, handling, storage and/or therapeutic properties.

›DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION · 5 of 12

Further, among the acids suitable for obtaining amorphous and crystalline salts, it has been surprisingly found that the strong inorganic monoacids and the organic diacids provided good results in terms of easiness of preparation, physical stability, scaling-up, solubility, etc. This is particularly true for hydrochloride, hydrobromide, phosphate, sulfate, nitrate, fumarate, maleate, succinate, oxalate and malonate. These forms provide a clear improvement over the free base, which is an oily product and thus not suitable for development. In addition they may improve some specific properties, such as thermodynamic solubility

For clarity reasons, the amorphous and crystalline salts of the present invention are sometimes referring to as the corresponding acid or as the amorphous and crystalline salt as such. There are two different ways of describing the same product. For example, malonate amorphous or crystalline salts are also referring to amorphous or crystalline salts of malonic acid, succinate amorphous or crystalline salts to amorphous or crystalline salts of succinic acid, oxalate amorphous or crystalline salts to amorphous or crystalline salts of oxalic acid, respectively etc.

In first aspect, the present invention relates to (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one crystalline salts.

In another aspect, the present invention relates to (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one amorphous salts.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from inorganic acids.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from organic acids.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from hydrochloride, fumarate, hydrobromide, maleate, phosphate, sulfate, succinate, oxalate, malonate, mesylate, esylate, besylate, nitrate and (S)-(+)-mandelate.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from fumarate, maleate, succinate, oxalate, malonate, mesylate, esylate, besylate, and (S)-(+)-mandelate.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selected from mesylate, esylate and besylate.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is (S)-(+)-mandelate.

›DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION · 6 of 12

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is mesylate.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is not the hydrochloride salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the hydrochloride salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the hydrobromide salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the fumarate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the maleate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the besylate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the phosphate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the sulfate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the succinate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the oxalate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the malonate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the esylate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the nitrate salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the amorphous or crystalline salt of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is the (S)-(+)-mandelate salt.

As noted previously, it has been reported that (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one is selective sigma-1 (σ 1 ) receptor antagonist and/or μ-opioid receptor agonist, displaying strong analgesic activity in the treatment and prevention of pain (see WO 2015185209).

The present invention therefore further provides medicaments or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one amorphous or crystalline salt according to the present invention, together with at least a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant, or vehicle, for administration to a patient.

In one embodiment of the invention the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one amorphous or crystalline salt is used in therapeutically effective amounts.

Particularly, the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one amorphous or crystalline salts according to the present invention, are useful for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a sigma receptor and/or μ-opioid receptor mediated disease or condition.

In a preferred embodiment, all the amorphous or crystalline salts according to the present invention are useful for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a sigma receptor and/or μ-opioid receptor mediated disease or condition, preferably all the amorphous or crystalline salts according to the present invention are useful for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a sigma receptor and μ-opioid receptor mediated disease or condition.

It has now been found that the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one amorphous or crystalline salts according to the present invention are particularly suitable for use as a medicament.

In a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one amorphous or crystalline salts for use as a medicament.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one amorphous or crystalline salts for use in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of medium to severe pain, visceral pain, chronic pain, cancer pain, migraine, inflammatory pain, acute pain or neuropathic pain, allodynia or hyperalgesia, also preferably including mechanical allodynia or thermal hyperalgesia.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of pain, said method comprises administering to a patient in need a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one amorphous or crystalline salt.

›DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION · 7 of 12

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of medium to severe pain, visceral pain, chronic pain, cancer pain, migraine, inflammatory pain, acute pain or neuropathic pain, allodynia or hyperalgesia, also preferably including mechanical allodynia or thermal hyperalgesia, said method comprises administering to a patient in need a (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one amorphous or crystalline salt.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one amorphous or crystalline salts for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of medium to severe pain, visceral pain, chronic pain, cancer pain, migraine, inflammatory pain, acute pain or neuropathic pain, allodynia or hyperalgesia, also preferably including mechanical allodynia or thermal hyperalgesia.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one amorphous or crystalline salts for use in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of medium to severe pain, visceral pain, chronic pain, cancer pain, migraine, inflammatory pain, acute pain or neuropathic pain, allodynia or hyperalgesia, also preferably including mechanical allodynia or thermal hyperalgesia.

In a particular aspect, the present invention relates to polymorphs of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salts, exhibiting advantages compared with other forms such as improved physicochemical characteristics

Higher solubility Faster dissolution rate Lower hygroscopicity

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one salt in crystalline form selected from the group consisting of the polymorph P1, P2 or P3 of the hydrochloride salt, the polymorph P1 of the fumarate salt, the polymorph P1 of the hydrobromide salt, the polymorph P1, P2 or P3 of the maleate salt, the polymorph P1 of the phosphate salt, the polymorph P1 of the sulfate salt, the polymorph P1 of the succinate salt, the polymorph P1, P2 or P3 of the oxalate salt, the polymorph P1 of the malonate salt, the polymorph P1 of the mesylate salt, the polymorph P1 of the esylate salt, the polymorph P1 of the besylate salt, the polymorph P1 of the nitrate salt and the polymorph P1 of the (S)-(+)-mandelate salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one hydrochloric salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one hydrochloric salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 2 ):

RMN- 1 H (CDCl 3 , 400 MHz, δ): 7.09-6.93 (m, 3H, ArH); 4.11 (q, 1H, J=6.8 Hz, CH); 3.54-3.43 (m, 4H, CH 2 ); 3.39-3.31 (m, 3H, CH 2 ); 3.20-3.11 (m, 4H, CH 2 ); 2.98-2.89 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.61-2.51 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.48-2.40 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.28-2.24 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 1.86-1.82 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 1.44 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ); 1.13 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ).

In a further embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P2 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one hydrochloric salt.

In a further embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P2 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one hydrochloric salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 5 ):

RMN- 1 H (CDCl 3 , 400 MHz, δ): 7.09-6.92 (m, 3H, ArH); 4.10 (q, 1H, J=6.8 Hz, CH); 3.54-3.43 (m, 4H, CH 2 ); 3.39-3.30 (m, 3H, CH 2 ); 3.20-3.15 (m, 4H, CH 2 ); 2.97-2.89 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.60-2.52 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.47-2.39 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.28-2.24 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 1.86-1.82 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 1.44 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ); 1.12 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ).

›DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION · 8 of 12

In a further embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P3 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one hydrochloric salt.

In a further embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P3 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one hydrochloric salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 8 ):

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one fumaric salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one fumaric salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 9 ):

RMN- 1 H (DMSO, 400 MHz, δ): 7.24-7.15 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.10-7.04 (m, 1H, ArH); 6.60 (s, 2H, CH═); 4.09 (q, 1H, J=6.8 Hz, CH); 3.42-3.28 (m, 2H, CH 2 ); 3.23-3.14 (m, 2H, CH 2 ); 2.80-2.76 (m, 2H, CH 2 ); 2.69-2.60 (m, 4H, CH 2 ); 2.48-2.29 (m, 2H, CH 2 ); 1.92-1.87 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 1.66-1.51 (m, 3H, CH 2 ); 1.25 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ); 1.01 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ).

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one hydrobromic salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one hydrobromic salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 12 ):

RMN- 1 H (CD 3 OD, 400 MHz, δ): 7.19-7.14 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.11-7.05 (m, 1H, ArH); 4.23 (q, 1H, J=6.8 Hz, CH); 3.56-3.33 (m, 8H, CH 2 ); 3.28-3.11 (m, 4H, CH 2 ); 2.45-2.35 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.06-1.75 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 1.93-1.84 (m, 2H, CH 2 ); 1.41 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ); 1.15 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ).

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one maleic salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one maleic salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 15 ):

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one maleic salt, having the following XRPD pattern:

›DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION · 9 of 12

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one maleic salt, having the following XRPD pattern:

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P2 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one maleic salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P2 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one maleic salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 16 ):

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P2 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one maleic salt, having the following XRPD pattern:

RMN- 1 H (CD 3 OD, 400 MHz, δ): 7.19-7.13 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.10-7.04 (m, 1H, ArH); 6.26 (s, 2H, CH═); 4.23 (q, 1H, J=6.8 Hz, CH); 3.56-3.33 (m, 8H, CH 2 ); 3.28-3.11 (m, 4H, CH 2 ); 2.38-2.33 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.07-1.80 (m, 3H, CH 2 ); 1.41 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ); 1.15 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ).

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P3 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one maleic salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P3 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one maleic salt having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 19 ):

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P3 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one maleic salt, having the following XRPD pattern:

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P3 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one maleic salt, having the following 1 H-NMR ( FIG. 20 ), where the 1:1 stoichiometry was determined:

RMN- 1 H (CD 3 OD, 400 MHz, δ): 7.19-7.13 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.10-7.04 (m, 1H, ArH); 6.26 (s, 2H, CH═); 4.23 (q, 1H, J=6.8 Hz, CH); 3.56-3.33 (m, 8H, CH 2 ); 3.28-3.11 (m, 4H, CH 2 ); 2.38-2.33 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.05-1.77 (m, 3H, CH 2 ); 1.41 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ); 1.15 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ).

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one benzenesulfonic salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one benzenesulfonic salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 22 ):

RMN- 1 H (CD 3 OD, 400 MHz, δ): 7.85-7.82 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.45-7.40 (m, 3H, ArH); 7.19-7.13 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.10-7.04 (m, 1H, ArH); 4.22 (q, 1H, J=6.8 Hz, CH); 3.55-3.34 (m, 8H, CH 2 ); 3.26-3.11 (m, 4H, CH 2 ); 2.42-2.35 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.05-1.77 (m, 3H, CH 2 ); 1.41 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ); 1.14 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ).

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P2 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one benzenesulfonic salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P2 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one benzenesulfonic salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 25 ):

›DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION · 10 of 12

RMN- 1 H (CD 3 OD, 400 MHz, δ): 7.85-7.82 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.45-7.40 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.18-7.12 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.09-7.03 (m, 1H, ArH); 4.22 (q, 1H, J=6.8 Hz, CH); 3.54-3.35 (m, 4H, CH 2 ); 3.28-3.07 (m, 8H, CH 2 ); 2.38-2.28 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.00-1.77 (m, 3H, CH 2 ); 1.40 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ); 1.14 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ).

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one phosphoric salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one phosphoric salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 28 ):

RMN- 1 H (CD 3 OD, 400 MHz, δ): 7.22-7.18 (m, 1H, ArH); 7.16-7.10 (m, 1H, ArH); 7.07-7.00 (m, 1H, ArH); 4.22 (q, 1H, J=6.8 Hz, CH); 3.74-3.71 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 3.53-3.34 (m, 6H, CH 2 ); 3.29-3.05 (m, 4H, CH 2 ); 2.32-2.27 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.18-2.11 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.05-1.97 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 1.89-1.83 (m, 2H, CH 2 ); 1.40 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ); 1.15 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ).

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one sulfuric salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one sulfuric salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 31 ):

RMN- 1 H (CD 3 OD, 400 MHz, δ): 7.20-7.13 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.10-7.04 (m, 1H, ArH); 4.23 (q, 1H, J=6.8 Hz, CH); 3.60-3.34 (m, 8H, CH 2 ); 3.27-3.14 (m, 4H, CH 2 ); 2.42-2.38 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.09-2.01 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 1.95-1.84 (m, 2H, CH 2 ); 1.41 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ); 1.15 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ).

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one succinic salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one succinic salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 34 ):

RMN- 1 H (CD 3 OD, 400 MHz, δ): 7.12-7.07 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.02-7.00 (m, 1H, ArH); 4.19 (q, 1H, J=6.8 Hz, CH); 3.53-3.44 (m, 2H, CH 2 ); 3.40-3.32 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 3.23-3.20 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 3.12-2.85 (m, 7H, CH 2 ); 2.77-2.68 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.54 (2, 4H, CH 2 ); 2.21-2.15 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 1.90-1.83 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 1.80-1.70 (m, 2H, CH 2 ); 1.38 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ); 1.13 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ).

›DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION · 11 of 12

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one oxalic salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one oxalic salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 37 ):

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one oxalic salt having the following XRPD pattern:

RMN- 1 H (CD 3 OD, 400 MHz, δ): 7.18-7.12 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.09-7.03 (m, 1H, ArH); 4.23 (q, 1H, J=6.8 Hz, CH); 3.56-3.33 (m, 8H, CH 2 ); 3.28-3.11 (m, 4H, CH 2 ); 2.38-2.33 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.08-2.00 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 1.93-1.84 (m, 2H, CH 2 ); 1.41 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ); 1.14 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ).

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P2 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one oxalic salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P2 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one oxalic salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 40 ):

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P2 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one oxalic salt, having the following XRPD pattern:

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one malonic salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one malonic salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 43 ):

RMN- 1 H (CDCl 3 , 400 MHz, δ): 7.06-6.93 (m, 3H, ArH); 4.12 (q, 1H, J=6.8 Hz, CH); 3.53-3.35 (m, 5H, CH 2 ); 3.21 (s, 2H, CH 2 ); 3.20-3.07 (m, 6H, CH 2 ); 2.96-2.90 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.31-2.24 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.23-2.14 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.07-1.99 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 1.88-1.83 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 1.45 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ); 1.14 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ).

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one ethanesulfonic salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one ethanesulfonic salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 46 ):

›DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION · 12 of 12

RMN- 1 H (CD 3 OD, 400 MHz, δ): 7.19-7.14 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.10-7.03 (m, 1H, ArH); 4.23 (q, 1H, J=6.8 Hz, CH); 3.60-3.33 (m, 8H, CH 2 ); 3.27-3.13 (m, 4H, CH 2 ); 2.81 (q, 2H, J=7.2 Hz, CH 2 ); 2.38-2.33 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.08-1.82 (m, 3H, CH 2 ); 1.41 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ); 1.31 (t, 3H, J=7.2 Hz, CH); 1.15 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ).

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one methanesulfonic salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one nitric salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one nitric salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 49 ):

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one nitric salt, having the following XRPD pattern:

RMN- 1 H (CD 3 OD, 400 MHz, δ): 7.19-7.13 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.10-7.03 (m, 1H, ArH); 4.23 (q, 1H, J=6.8 Hz, CH); 3.55-3.33 (m, 8H, CH 2 ); 3.28-3.24 (m, 2H, CH 2 ); 3.14-3.10 (m, 2H, CH 2 ); 2.40-2.28 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 2.08-1.74 (m, 3H, CH 2 ); 1.41 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ); 1.14 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ).

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one S(+)-mandelic salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one S(+)-mandelic salt, having the following XRPD pattern ( FIG. 52 ):

RMN- 1 H (CD 3 OD, 400 MHz, δ): 7.49-7.46 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.33-7.23 (m, 3H, ArH); 7.15-7.00 (m, 3H, ArH); 4.98 (s, 1H, CH); 4.19 (q, 1H, J=6.8 Hz, CH); 3.51-3.43 (m, 2H, CH 2 ); 3.40-3.33 (m, 2H, CH 2 ); 3.18-2.94 (m, 7H, CH 2 ); 2.26.-2.20 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 1.95-1.88 (m, 1H, CH 2 ); 1.83-1.74 (m, 2H, CH 2 ); 1.39 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ); 1.13 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H, CH 3 ).

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P1 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one maleic salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P2 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one maleic salt.

In an embodiment, the invention refers to the polymorph P3 of the (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one maleic salt.

›EXPERIMENTAL PART

The following abbreviations are used:

ACN: acetonitrile

AcOH: acetic acid

AcOiBu: isobutyl acetate

aq.: aqueous

DCM: dichloromethane

DMSO: dimethylsulfoxide

Eq: equivalent

EtOAc: ethyl acetate

EtOH: ethanol

EX: example

h: hour/s

MeOH: methanol

MIK: methyl isobutyl ketone

Min: minutes

MTBE: methyl tert-butylether

IPA: isopropanol

rt: room temperature

Sat: saturated

Sol.: solution

THF: tetrahydrofuran

Analytical Techniques

The following techniques have been used in this invention for characterize and identify either (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one or its different salts:

›XRPD

XRPD analysis was performed using a PANalytical X'Pert diffractometer with Cu Kα radiation in Bragg-Brentano geometry. The system is equipped with a monodimensional, real time multiple strip detector. Diffractograms were recorded from 3° to 40° (2θ) at a scan rate of 17.6° per minute.

›DSC

DSC analyses were recorded with a Mettler Toledo DSC2. The samples were weighed into a 40 μL aluminum crucible with a pinhole lid and heated from 25 to 300° C. at a rate of 10° C./min, under nitrogen (50 mL/min).

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR) characterization

1 H-NMR analyses were recorded in deuterated methanol (d4-CH 3 OH) or chloroform (d-CHCl 3 ) in a Varian Mercury 400 spectrometer, equipped with a broadband probe ATB 1H/19F/X of 5 mm. Spectra were acquired dissolving 5-10 mg of sample in 0.7 mL of deuterated solvent.

Preliminary Miscibility Assays on (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-One Free Base

In order to determine the most suitable solvents to be used, the miscibility of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one free base was studied in selected solvents (see Table 2). The number of volumes needed to “dissolve” the oil in the corresponding solvent at room temperature is reported in the table. In general, the oil is freely miscible with in all the solvents tested.

Characterization ( 1 H NMR) of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one free base

The free base obtained by chemical synthesis was obtained as an oil and was characterized by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance ( FIG. 1 ).

Salt Formation

The acids used to investigate the salts of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one were selected according to the following criteria:

Acids with enough acidity to protonate the free base Acids that are pharmaceutically acceptable compounds

The pKa properties of the acids forming salts with (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one are summarized in Table 3.

The general procedure to prepare the salts was as follows:

Grinding experiments: in a microtube of 2 mL, the free base and ca. 1 eq. of the corresponding acidic counter-ion were added. 1 drop of solvent and 2 stainless steel balls were added and the resulting mixture was ground in a ball mill (3×15 min, 30 Hz). The recovered solids were dried prior XRPD analysis.

Slurry, precipitation and evaporation experiments: in a microtube of 2 mL, the free base and ca. 1 eq. of the corresponding acidic counter-ion were mixed. Solvent was added to obtain a clear solution or a suspension:

When a suspension was obtained, the mixture was stirred at rt or 40° C. overnight. When a clear solution was prepared, the solution was either cooled down to 0-5° C. or −20° C. to obtain a solid precipitated (precipitation) or evaporated to dryness under ambient conditions or with a rotavapor (evaporation).

In both situations, the recovered solids were isolated by centrifugation and dried prior XRPD analysis.

The results obtained (Table 4) indicate that (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one forms salts with four classes of acids:

Inorganic acids: HCl, HBr, H 3 PO 4 , H 2 SO 4 and nitric acid Sulfonic acids: benzensulfonic, methanesulfonic and ethanesulfonic acid Non substituted C1-C4 carboxylic di-acids: maleic, fumaric, oxalic, malonic and succinic acid (S)-(+)-Mandelic acid.

In addition, other experimental conditions were applied in two cases, as depicted in Table 5.

A summary of the results of the different salts obtained from (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one, is shown in Table 6.

›Tables in the description — 84

TABLE 1 — Experimental data of the salt formation experiments with ca. 1 eq. of acid. Acid

Acid	Solvent	solution	Method	Observation
Hydrochloric	Water	aq. 1M	Precipitation	Off-white solid
acid		HCl
	MIK	aq. 1M	Precipitation	Off-white solid
		HCl
	THF	aq. 1M	Evaporation	Off-white solid
		HCl
	Toluene	aq.1M	Evaporation	Off-white solid
		HCl 1M
	IPA	1.25M	Precipitation	Off-white solid
		HCl
		IPA
	DCM	1.25M	Evaporation	Off-white solid
		HCl
		IPA
	MeOH	HCl	Evaporation	Off-white solid
		1.25M
		MeOH
	Xylene	1.25M	Evaporation	Off-white solid
		HCl
		MeOH
	EtOH	1.25M	Precipitation	Off-white solid
		HCl
		EtOH
	TBME	1.25M	Precipitation	Off-white solid
		HCl
		EtOH
	Dioxane	4M	Precipitation	Off-white solid
		HCl
		Dioxane
	AcOEt	4M	Precipitation	Off-white solid
		HCl
		Dioxane
	AcOEt	1.25M	Evaporation	Off-white solid
		HCl
		MeOH
	Heptane	1.25M	Precipitation	Off-white solid
		HCl
		IPA
	Et 2 O	aq. 1M	Evaporation	Off-white solid
		HCl
	CHCl 3	1.25M	Evaporation	Off-white solid
		HCl
		MeOH
	THF	1.25M	Precipitation	Off-white solid
		HCl
		EtOH
	DCM	1.25M	Evaporation	Off-white solid
		HCl
		IPA
	DCM	1.25M	Evaporation	Off-white solid
		HCl
		IPA
Fumaric acid	MIK	—	Slurry	Off-white solid
	Toluene	—	Slurry	Off-white solid
	MeOH/DCM	—	Evaporation	Off-white solid
	THF/MeOH	—	Evaporation	Off-white solid
	EtOH/THF	—	Slurry	Off-white solid
	THF/EtOH	—	Slurry	Off-white solid
	ACN/THF	—	Slurry	Off-white solid
	TBME/ACN	—	Slurry	Off-white solid
Hydrobromic	IPA	—	Precipitation	Off-white solid
acid	MIK	—	Precipitation	Off-white solid
	THF	—	Precipitation	Off-white solid
	THF	—	Precipitation	Off-white solid
	Water	—	Evaporation	Off-white solid
Maleic acid	IPA	—	Precipitation	White solid
	MIK	—	Slurry	White solid
	Toluene	—	Slurry	White solid
	IPA	—	Precipitation	White solid
	MIK	—	Slurry	White solid
	Water	—	Evaporation	White solid
Benzenesulfonic	IPA	—	Precipitation	White solid
acid	MIK	—	Precipitation	White solid
	THF	—	Precipitation	White solid
	Toluene	—	Precipitation	White solid
	IPA	—	Precipitation	White solid
	Water	—	Evaporation	Off-white solid
Phosphoric acid	IPA	—	Precipitation	White solid
	MIK	—	Precipitation	White solid
	THF	—	Precipitation	White solid
Sulfuric acid	IPA	—	Precipitation	White solid
	MIK	—	Precipitation	White solid
	THF	—	Precipitation	White solid
Succinic acid	IPA	—	Precipitation	White solid
	MIK	—	Slurry	White solid
	THF	—	Evaporation	White solid
	Toluene	—	Evaporation	White solid
Oxalic acid	Water	—	Precipitation	White solid
	IPA	—	Precipitation	White solid
	MIK	—	Precipitation	White solid
	THF	—	Precipitation	White solid
	Toluene	—	Slurry	White solid
Malonic acid	IPA	—	Precipitation	White solid
	MIK	—	Precipitation	White solid
	THF	—	Precipitation	White solid
	Toluene	—	Evaporation	White solid
Methanesulfonic	Toluene	—	Precipitation	White solid
acid
Ethanesulfonic	Toluene	—	Precipitation	Off-white solid
acid	Water	—	Evaporation	Off-white solid
	MIK	—	Evaporation	Off-white solid
	THF	—	Evaporation	Off-white solid
Nitric acid	Water	—	Precipitation	White solid
	IPA	—	Precipitation	White solid
	MIK	—	Precipitation	White solid
	THF	—	Precipitation	White solid
	Toluene	—	Precipitation	White solid
(S)-(+)-Mandelic	MIK	—	Evaporation	White solid
acid

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
5.5	71
9.8	2
11	100
13.7	3
15.4	10
16.5	50
17.4	3
18.5	34
19.3	2
19.8	5
22.1	8
22.6	6
23.1	7
23.4	11
23.6	21
27.1	2
29	6
32.4	2
33.6	1
34.5	2
39.2	6

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
5.5	71
11	100
15.4	10
16.5	50
18.5	34
23.4	11
23.6	21

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
5.5	71
11	100
16.5	50
18.5	34

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.0	30
8.4	14
12.0	11
13.0	53
13.4	5
13.8	7
14.2	9
15.3	100
15.5	33
16.8	11
17.3	4
18.6	3
19.1	18
19.5	17
20.4	26
21.1	4
22.5	13
23.1	10
23.4	14
24.1	17
24.6	11
25.3	18
26.1	8
27.1	16
28.0	9
29.8	1
31.4	10
33.6	4
35.0	2
37.6	2

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.0	30
8.4	14
12.0	11
13.0	53
15.3	100
15.5	33
16.8	11
19.1	18
19.5	17
23.4	14
24.1	17
24.6	11
20.4	26
22.5	13
23.1	10
25.3	18
27.1	16
31.4	10

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.0	30
13.0	53
15.3	100
15.5	33

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
5.6	100
10.2	1
11.4	74
15.2	18
15.8	28
16.5	8
17.1	48
17.8	5
18.5	6
20.7	28
22.6	3
25.4	5

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
5.6	100
11.4	74
15.2	18
15.8	28
17.1	48
20.7	28

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
5.6	100
11.4	74
17.1	48

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.5	24
6.8	26
8.9	73
11.5	16
12.0	65
13.7	9
14.4	9
14.9	50
15.6	13
16.1	10
17.1	100
17.5	59
17.8	19
18.5	42
18.6	33
19.3	13
19.7	12
20.6	25
21.4	6
22.5	18
22.8	17
23.2	14
23.5	15
24.6	65
25.4	15
26.2	26
27.1	6
27.6	3
28.7	13
29.4	5
30.2	3
32.0	6
33.9	7
35.6	4
38.0	4
38.6	4

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.5	24
6.8	26
8.9	73
11.5	16
12.0	65
14.9	50
15.6	13
16.1	10
17.1	100
17.5	59
17.8	19
18.5	42
18.6	33
19.3	13
19.7	12
20.6	25
22.5	18
22.8	17
23.2	14
23.5	15
24.6	65
25.4	15
26.2	26
28.7	13

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.5	24
6.8	26
8.9	73
12.0	65
14.9	50
17.1	100
17.5	59
18.5	42
18.6	33
20.6	25
24.6	65
26.2	26

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.9	73
12.0	65
14.9	50
17.1	100
17.5	59
18.5	42
18.6	33
24.6	65

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.9	73
12.0	65
14.9	50
17.1	100
17.5	59
18.5	42
24.6	65

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.9	73
12.0	65
14.9	50
17.1	100
17.5	59
24.6	65

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.9	73
12.0	65
17.1	100
24.6	65

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
5.5	100
9.7	9
13.7	22
15.0	16
16.1	19
16.6	23
17.1	13
17.8	11
18.5	30
19.0	15
19.6	23
20.2	10
20.7	3
22.1	34
22.7	42
23.3	25
23.7	24
25.0	9
26.8	9
28.1	7
28.7	3
29.2	15
32.6	5
33.2	8
34.7	5
36.3	3

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
5.5	100
13.7	22
15.0	16
16.1	19
16.6	23
17.1	13
17.8	11
18.5	30
19.0	15
19.6	23
20.2	10
22.1	34
22.7	42
23.3	25
23.7	24
29.2	15

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
5.5	100
13.7	22
16.6	23
18.5	30
19.6	23
22.1	34
22.7	42
23.3	25
23.7	24

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
5.5	100
18.5	30
22.1	34
22.7	42

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.5	15
8.8	95
11.4	20
11.7	37
12.1	31
13.4	20
14.4	44
15.6	7
16.1	13
17.1	100
17.4	77
17.6	40
17.9	20
18.2	35
18.8	27
19.7	14
20.2	18
20.5	40
21.3	5
22.0	34
22.5	12
22.8	29
23.0	24
23.8	12
24.2	60
25.0	38
25.5	29
26.2	10
26.6	14
27.1	23
28.5	6
28.8	11
29.7	5
30.6	6
32.5	5
34.5	7
35.0	4
36.3	8

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.5	15
8.8	95
11.4	20
11.7	37
12.1	31
13.4	20
14.4	44
16.1	13
17.1	100
17.4	77
17.6	40
17.9	20
18.2	35
18.8	27
19.7	14
22.0	34
20.2	18
20.5	40
22.5	12
22.8	29
23.0	24
23.8	12
24.2	60
25.0	38
25.5	29
26.2	10
26.6	14
27.1	23
28.8	11

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]	Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.8	95	18.2	35
11.4	20	18.8	27
11.7	37	20.5	40
12.1	31	22.0	34
13.4	20	22.8	29
14.4	44	23.0	24
17.1	100	24.2	60
17.4	77	25.0	38
17.6	40	25.5	29
17.9	20	27.1	23

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]	Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.8	95	17.6	40
11.7	37	18.2	35
12.1	31	20.5	40
14.4	44	22.0	34
17.1	100	24.2	60
17.4	77	25.0	38

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.8	95
14.4	44
17.1	100
17.4	77
17.6	40
20.5	40
24.2	60

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.8	95
17.1	100
17.4	77
24.2	60

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]	Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
3.3	4	19.4	9
8.9	32	20.6	12
11.8	39	22.1	6
13.3	6	22.5	6
13.6	4	22.9	13
14.3	5	23.6	20
15.4	34	24.7	4
16.2	33	25.1	2
17.4	18	26.9	12
17.8	100	27.3	7
18.0	54	31.4	5
18.5	10	31.9	5

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]	Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.9	32	20.6	12
11.8	39	18.0	54
15.4	34	18.5	10
16.2	33	22.9	13
17.4	18	23.6	20
17.8	100	26.9	12

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]	Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.9	32	17.8	100
11.8	39	18.0	54
15.4	34	23.6	20
16.2	33

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]	Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.9	32	16.2	33
11.8	39	17.8	100
15.4	34	18.0	54

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]	Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
4.4	3	20.0	7
9.1	29	22.3	2
10.3	12	22.6	2
11.8	13	23.6	16
13.2	6	24.3	1
13.6	15	25.4	3
15.5	12	25.7	8
16.0	14	26.7	18
16.5	4	30.0	1
17.4	25	31.3	3
17.7	100	32.4	2
18.1	9	35.9	4
19.5	4

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]	Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
9.1	29	17.7	100
10.3	12	16.0	14
11.8	13	17.4	25
13.6	15	23.6	16
15.5	12	26.7	18

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
9.1	29
17.4	25
17.7	100

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]	Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.0	100	20.6	7
9.6	4	21.2	1
10.6	2	21.9	6
12.1	4	22.7	1
12.6	4	23.6	23
13.9	9	24.0	2
14.3	13	24.3	3
14.8	23	24.8	11
15.1	11	25.2	4
15.9	18	25.5	10
16.6	3	25.9	4
16.9	6	28.3	2
17.5	18	28.8	3
18.1	12	30.8	1
18.5	23	33.6	2
19.4	39	37.7	1
19.7	8	39.2	1
20.4	8

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.0	100
14.3	13
14.8	23
15.1	11
15.9	18
17.5	18
18.1	12
18.5	23
19.4	39
23.6	23
24.8	11
25.5	10

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.0	100
14.8	23
18.5	23
19.4	39
23.6	23

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]	Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.1	100	19.9	8
9.2	1	21.7	1
12.3	3	23.5	3
13.2	4	24.1	1
13.7	5	24.8	6
14.3	6	25.3	1
14.5	6	25.9	2
14.9	10	27.0	1
15.9	2	27.6	1
17.0	2	28.2	2
17.5	5	28.5	1
18.6	16	29.4	1
18.9	11	32.3	1
19.3	4	34.5	1
19.5	2	35.5	1

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]	Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.1	100	17.5	5
13.7	5	18.6	16
14.3	6	18.9	11
14.5	6	19.9	8
14.9	10	24.8	6

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.1	100
14.9	10
18.6	16
18.9	11

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.1	74
9.4	16
12.3	79
12.8	32
14.2	2
15.5	7
16.2	25
16.7	15
17.8	10
18.5	14
18.8	100
19.5	17
19.8	9
20.8	20
21.7	19
22.3	11
23.3	8
23.9	6
24.2	24
24.7	18
25.7	28
26.2	11
26.5	3
26.9	9
27.9	5
28.5	4
29.0	3
29.3	2
29.9	4
31.2	14
31.8	4
32.8	4
33.0	3
34.8	2
35.4	1
36.0	1
37.4	2
38.1	2
39.0	8

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.1	74
9.4	16
12.3	79
12.8	32
16.2	25
16.7	15
17.8	10
18.5	14
18.8	100
19.5	17
20.8	20
21.7	19
22.3	11
24.2	24
24.7	18
25.7	28
26.2	11
31.2	14

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.1	74
12.3	79
12.8	32
16.2	25
18.8	100
20.8	20
24.2	24
25.7	28

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.1	74
12.3	79
12.8	32
18.8	100

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.3	83
7.8	20
10.4	8
13.2	21
15.2	23
15.5	9
17.0	100
17.6	6
18.4	10
20.2	24
21.0	64
22.1	10
23.2	8
23.4	4
23.8	13
24.4	23
25.7	8
26.7	8
32.2	4
33.1	7
34.7	2

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.3	83
7.8	20
13.2	21
15.2	23
17.0	100
18.4	10
20.2	24
21.0	64
22.1	10
23.8	13
24.4	23

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.3	83
7.8	20
13.2	21
15.2	23
17.0	100
20.2	24
21.0	64

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.3	83
15.2	23
17.0	100
21.0	64

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.5	36
6.8	26
8.8	100
11.5	27
11.8	67
13.6	27
14.4	13
14.9	31
15.5	15
15.9	8
17.1	83
17.5	85
18.2	57
18.7	30
19.0	13
19.8	20
20.4	30
21.1	5
22.3	23
22.8	8
23.2	11
23.6	19
23.9	27
24.4	22
24.6	38
25.3	6
25.9	23
26.5	6
27.2	7
29.1	5
32.2	2
33.9	7
35.5	3

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.5	36
6.8	26
8.8	100
11.5	27
11.8	67
13.6	27
14.4	13
14.9	31
15.5	15
17.1	83
17.5	85
18.2	57
18.7	30
19.0	13
19.8	20
20.4	30
22.3	23
23.2	11
23.6	19
23.9	27
24.4	22
24.6	38
25.9	23

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.5	36
6.8	26
8.8	100
11.5	27
11.8	67
13.6	27
14.9	31
17.1	83
17.5	85
20.4	30
18.2	57
18.7	30
19.8	20
22.3	23
23.9	27
24.4	22
24.6	38
25.9	23

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.5	36
8.8	100
11.8	67
14.9	31
17.1	83
17.5	85
18.2	57
18.7	30
20.4	30
24.6	38

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.8	100
11.8	67
17.1	83
17.5	85
18.2	57

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.9	78
9.2	32
12.0	100
12.6	7
16.0	65
17.2	22
18.6	96
21.1	66
21.9	20
23.1	19
23.2	15
24.5	21
25.4	44
28.0	9

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.9	78
9.2	32
12.0	100
16.0	65
17.2	22
18.6	96
21.1	66
21.9	20
23.1	19
23.2	15
24.5	21
25.4	44

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.9	78
9.2	32
12.0	100
16.0	65
17.2	22
18.6	96
21.1	66
21.9	20
24.5	21
25.4	44

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.9	78
9.2	32
12.0	100
16.0	65
18.6	96
21.1	66
25.4	44

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.9	78
12.0	100
16.0	65
18.6	96
21.1	66

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
3.7	13
7.4	100
11.1	7
11.5	5
12.3	49
14.4	45
14.9	16
16.3	14
16.7	8
17.1	7
17.9	30
18.7	85
20.1	3
20.9	9
22.0	21
22.6	14
23.5	13
25.1	24
26.3	48
27.9	4
30.2	6
32.1	2
36.1	1

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
3.7	13
7.4	100
12.3	49
14.4	45
14.9	16
16.3	14
17.9	30
18.7	85
22.0	21
22.6	14
23.5	13
25.1	24
26.3	48

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.4	100
12.3	49
14.4	45
17.9	30
18.7	85
22.0	21
25.1	24
26.3	48

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.4	100
12.3	49
14.4	45
18.7	85
26.3	48

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.6	8
8.9	30
11.6	15
11.8	23
12.3	4
13.6	9
14.6	7
15.5	17
16.2	5
16.7	3
17.2	100
17.8	31
18.2	21
19.0	6
20.8	10
21.1	8
22.3	11
22.5	9
23.1	13
23.5	5
24.5	21
25.3	20
25.9	17
26.3	8
27.0	5
27.6	6
28.5	6
29.2	2
29.7	3
31.1	5
32.3	3
32.8	3
34.9	3
36.7	4
38.3	1

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.9	30
11.6	15
11.8	23
23.1	13
15.5	17
17.2	100
17.8	31
18.2	21
20.8	10
22.3	11
24.5	21
25.3	20
25.9	17

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.9	30
11.8	23
17.2	100
17.8	31
18.2	21
24.5	21
25.3	20

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.4	100
9.8	8
12.2	9
13.6	8
14.1	6
14.5	13
14.9	5
15.2	7
15.5	16
17.1	17
17.6	20
17.8	50
19.2	47
19.4	26
20.2	17
20.8	22
21.5	26
22.0	12
23.4	14
23.8	12
25.2	6
25.5	5
27.1	2
27.7	4
28.6	12
29.1	2
30.1	4
32.1	2
32.5	3
33.4	6
34.4	1
35.2	1
36.5	1
38.0	2
38.8	2

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.4	100
14.5	13
15.5	16
17.1	17
17.6	20
17.8	50
19.2	47
19.4	26
20.2	17
20.8	22
21.5	26
22.0	12
23.4	14
23.8	12
28.6	12

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.4	100
17.6	20
17.8	50
19.2	47
19.4	26
20.8	22
21.5	26

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
6.4	100
17.8	50
19.2	47

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.4	45
8.6	12
11.2	21
11.6	18
12.8	60
13.5	24
13.6	28
14.8	7
15.4	39
15.6	14
16.9	15
17.5	62
18.2	26
18.6	100
19.1	5
20.3	8
21.2	29
22.5	20
22.8	11
23.6	10
24.7	15
24.9	15
25.7	8
25.9	26
26.2	10
27.2	5
27.5	5
27.9	8
28.3	8
28.8	6
29.9	3
30.8	14
34.2	5
37.0	2
37.6	2

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.4	45
8.6	12
11.2	21
11.6	18
12.8	60
13.5	24
13.6	28
15.4	39
15.6	14
16.9	15
17.5	62
18.2	26
22.8	11
23.6	10
24.7	15
18.6	100
21.2	29
22.5	20
24.9	15
25.9	26
26.2	10
30.8	14

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.4	45
11.2	21
12.8	60
13.5	24
13.6	28
15.4	39
17.5	62
18.2	26
18.6	100
21.2	29
22.5	20
25.9	26

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.4	45
12.8	60
15.4	39
17.5	62
18.6	100

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
7.4	45
12.8	60
17.5	62
18.6	100

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.6	42
8.9	56
9.1	61
10.0	11
10.5	11
13.2	28
13.4	22
13.8	35
15.1	28
15.4	44
15.9	100
16.3	76
17.4	19
18.1	60
18.9	35
19.7	17
20.2	13
20.6	37
21.2	43
22.0	20
22.5	14
23.0	39
23.9	28
24.2	34
24.5	14
26.8	4
27.7	14
28.4	12
29.3	10
32.1	3

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.6	42
8.9	56
9.1	61
13.2	28
13.4	22
13.8	35
15.1	28
15.4	44
15.9	100
16.3	76
17.4	19
18.1	60
18.9	35
19.7	17
20.6	37
21.2	43
22.0	20
23.0	39
23.9	28
24.2	34

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.6	42
8.9	56
9.1	61
13.2	28
13.8	35
15.1	28
15.4	44
15.9	100
16.3	76
18.1	60
18.9	35
20.6	37
21.2	43
23.0	39
23.9	28
24.2	34

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.6	42
8.9	56
9.1	61
13.8	35
15.4	44
15.9	100
16.3	76
18.1	60
18.9	35
20.6	37
21.2	43
23.0	39

Pos. [°2θ]	Rel. Int. [%]
8.9	56
9.1	61
15.9	100
16.3	76
18.1	60

TABLE 2 — Miscibility results of (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4- ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan- 3-one free base in different solvents wherein MIK stands for methyl isobutyl ketone. IPA stands for isopropanol and THF stands for tetrahydrofuran.

Solvent	Miscibility
H 2 O	10 V
IPA	10 V
MIK	10 V
THF	10 V
Toluene	10 V

TABLE 3 — Summary of the acidic counter-ions forming salts with (R)-9- (2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-oxa-4,9- diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one

Acid	pKa 1	pKa 2	pKa 3
Hydrochloric acid	−7
Fumaric acid	3	4.4
Hydrobromic acid	−6
Maleic acid	3	4.4
Benzenesulfonic acid	0.7
Phosphoric acid	2	7.1	12.3
Sulfuric acid	−3	1.9
Succinic acid	4.2	5.6
Oxalic acid	1.3	4.3
Malonic acid	2.8	5.7
Methanesulfonic acid	−1.2
Ethanesulfonic acid	2.1
Nitric acid	−1.4
(S)-(+)-Mandelic acid	3.4

TABLE 4 — Experimental data of the salt formation experiments with ca. 1 eq. of acid.

		Acid		XRPD
Acid	Solvent	solution	Method	Result
Hydrochloric	water	aq. 1M HCl	Precipitation	P1
acid	IPA	aq. 1M HCl	Slow evaporation	P2
	MIK	aq. 1M HCl	Precipitation	P1
	THF	aq. 1M HCl	Slow evaporation	P1 + P2
	Toluene	aq. 1M HCl	Fast evaporation	P2
	IPA	1.25M HCl	Precipitation	P1
		IPA
	DCM	1.25M HCl	Fast evaporation	P1 + 1 peak
		IPA
	MeOH	1.25M HCl	Fast evaporation	P1
		MeOH
	Xylene	1.25M HCl	Fast evaporation	P1
		MeOH
	EtOH	1.25M HCl	Precipitation	P1
		EtOH
	TBME	1.25M HCl	Precipitation	P1
		EtOH
	Dioxane	4M HCl	Precipitation	P1
		Dioxane
	AcOEt	4M HCl	Precipitation	P1
		Dioxane
	AcOEt	1.25M HCl	Slow evaporation	P1
		MeOH
	Heptane	1.25M HCl	Precipitation	P1
		IPA
	Et 2 O	aq. 1M HCl	Slow evaporation	P2
	CHCl 3	1.25M HCl	Slow evaporation	P1
		MeOH
	THF	1.25M HCl	Precipitation	P1
		EtOH
	DCM	1.25M HCl	Fast evaporation	P1
		IPA
	DCM	1.25M HCl	Fast evaporation	P1
		IPA
Fumaric acid	AcOiBu	—	Slurry	P1
	MIK	—	Slurry	P1
	Toluene	—	Slurry	P1
	AcOiBu	—	Grinding	P1
	DCM	—	Grinding	P1
	MeOH	—	Slow evaporation	P1
	THF	—	Slurry	P1
	EtOH	—	Slurry	P1
	THF	—	Slurry	P1
	ACN	—	Slurry	P1
	TBME	—	Slurry	P1
	IPA	—	Crystallization	P1
	Water	—	Crystallization	P1
Hydrobromic	IPA	—	Precipitation	P1
acid
	MIK	—	Precipitation	P1
	THF	—	Precipitation	P1
	THF	—	Precipitation	P1
	Water	—	Evaporation	P1
Maleic acid	IPA	—	Precipitation	P1
	MIK	—	Slurry	P2
	Toluene	—	Slurry	P1 + P3
	IPA	—	Precipitation	P3
	MIK	—	Slurry	P2
	Water	—	Evaporation	P1 + P2
	THF	—	Evaporation	P1 + P3
Benzenesulfonic	IPA	—	Precipitation	P1
acid
	MIK	—	Precipitation	P1
	THF	—	Precipitation	P1
	Toluene	—	Precipitation	P1
	IPA	—	Precipitation	P1
	Water	—	Evaporation	P1 + P2
Phosphoric acid	IPA	—	Precipitation	P1
	MIK	—	Precipitation	P1
	THF	—	Precipitation	P1
Sulfuric acid	IPA	—	Precipitation	P1
	MIK	—	Precipitation	P1
	THF	—	Precipitation	P1
Succinic acid	IPA	—	Precipitation	P1
	MIK	—	Slurry	P1
	THF	—	Evaporation	P1
	Toluene	—	Evaporation	P1
Oxalic acid	Water	—	Precipitation	P2
	IPA	—	Precipitation	P1
	MIK	—	Precipitation	P2
	THF	—	Precipitation	P1
	Toluene	—	Slurry	P1 + P3
Malonic acid	IPA	—	Precipitation	P1
	MIK	—	Precipitation	P1
	Toluene	—	Evaporation	NA
Methanesulfonic	Toluene	—	Precipitation	P1
acid
Ethanesulfonic	Toluene	—	Precipitation	P1
acid
	Water	—	Evaporation	P1
	MIK	—	Evaporation	P1
	THF	—	Evaporation	P1
	MIK	—	Evaporation	P1
Nitric acid	Water	—	Precipitation	P1
	IPA	—	Precipitation	P1
	MIK	—	Precipitation	P1
	THF	—	Precipitation	P1
	Toluene	—	Precipitation	P1

TABLE 5 — Experimental data of salt preparation by special methodologies. XRPD

Acid	Solvent	Experimental description	Result
Maleic acid	—	The previously obtained maleate	P1
		salts (P2 and P3) were subjected
		to a thermal treatment (above
		solid-solid transition observed in
		DSC thermogram) and the solids
		were analyzed by XRPD.
Benzenesulfonic	Water	The solids obtained from the slow	P2
acid		evaporation from a water solution
		were exposed to 90% RH and RT
		for 14 days.

TABLE 6 — Summary of the different salt forms obtained with (R)-9-(2,5-difluorophenethyl)-4-ethyl-2- methyl-1-oxa-4,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-3-one.

		Crystalline	Mp (° C.)
Acid Structure	Acid Name	forms	by DSC
HBr	Hydrobromic acid	1 Form	245
HCl	Hydrochloric acid	3 Forms	250 (P1)
HNO 3	Nitric acid	1 Form	175
H 3 PO 4	Phosphoric acid	1 Form	223
H 2 SO 4	Sulfuric acid	1 Form	167
PhSO 3 H	Benzenesulfonic	2 Forms	169 (P1)
	acid
EtSO 3 H	Ethanesulfonic acid	1 Form	124
Cis-HOOC—CH═	Maleic acid	3 Forms	171 (P1)
CH—COOH
Trans-HOOC—CH═	Fumaric acid	1 Form	196
CH—COOH
HOOC—CH 2 —COOH	Malonic acid	1 Form	145
HOOC—COOH	Oxalic acid	2 Forms	188 (P1)
HOOC—CH 2 —	Succinic acid	1 Form	132
CH 2 —COOH
O═C(O)C(O)Ph	(S)-(+)-Mandelic	1 Form	85
	acid

Claims as granted

10 claims

Classifications

3 codes

IPC · International Patent Classification

Section A — Human necessities

A61P29/00
A61K31/5386

Section C — Chemistry; metallurgy

C07D498/10

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Brenda L Coleman

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