Substituted 6-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine derivatives and uses thereof

This application is a national stage application under 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Application No. PCT/EP2017/075630, filed internationally on Oct. 9, 2017, which claims the benefit of European Application No. 16193953.3, filed Oct. 14, 2016.

The present invention covers substituted 6-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine compounds of general formula (I) as described and defined herein, methods of preparing said compounds, intermediate compounds useful for preparing said compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and combinations comprising said compounds, and the use of said compounds for manufacturing pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment or prophylaxis of diseases, in particular for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of cardiovascular and renal diseases, as a sole agent or in combination with other active ingredients.

Vascular calcification is one of the major life-threatening complications in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (Neven at al Calcif Tissue Int (2016), 99:525-534). With CKD progression renal function declines, so called uremic toxins are retained and as consequence plasma levels of inorganic phosphate (Pi) and other plasma components are subsequently increased.

This is the origin of hyperphosphatemia which per se has been identified as an independent risk factor being responsible for further rapid decline of kidney function. A large body of evidence directly links hyperphosphatemia with adverse renal and cardiovascular outcomes. In addition patients with CKD are known to develop Pi imbalance and the uprgulation of phosphaturic hormones regulating renal phosphate excretion like FGF23. FGF23 can be detected early on in the plasma of CKD patients. Elevated FGF23 levels are associated with an increased cardiovascular risk in CKD patients (Isakova JAMA 2011). Therefore controlling phosphate metabolism in patients with chronic kidney disease has been a major therapeutic challenge for nephrologists for decades (Evenepoel P. Kidney International 2016, 21-23).

The current treatment of hyperphosphatemia is summarized in the Kidney Disease improving global outcome (KDIGO)-CKD-Mineral and Bone Disorders (MBD) guidelines. The choice of the phosphate binder used is recommended to be individualized for each patient considering the CKD stage, presents or absence of other components of CKD-mineral and bone disorders, concomitant therapies and side-effect profile of each drug. Currently available phosphate binders can be roughly divided in different subclasses. Aluminium hydroxide and calcium based binders (CBB) like calcium acetate and calcium carbonate represent the first generation of phosphate binders. However, their adverse effects like bone and central nervous system toxicity for aluminium hydroxide and hypercalcemia in up to 50% of the patient using CBBs, respectively, limited the use of these types of phosphate binders. Non-calcium based binders (NCBBs) like e.g. sevelamer hydrochloride and sevelamer carbonate, Lanthanum and lanthanum carbonate and magnesium based binders are commonly used to treat hyperphosphatemia. Also combinations of low dose CBBs and NCBBs, new phosphate binding agents like colestilan, iron-containing phosphate binders, inhibitors of the intestinal and renal proximal tubule sodium-phosphate co-transporter like niacin or nicotinamide or other inhibitors like tenapanor (NHE3 inhibitor) are used to treat hyperphosphatemia (Spasovski Expert Opinion 2015, 2589-2599).

Recently, a large body of in vivo and in vitro studies has shown that fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) in addition to calcitriol, calcidiol, parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a key regulator of phosphate homeostasis and therefore might be a good target to address hyperphosphatemia (Gattineni Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2009, F282-F291).

Although hyperphosphatemia is characterized by high plasma levels of inorganic phosphate (Pi), inorganic phosphate is fundamental to cellular function and skeletal mineralization. Normal Pi intake in the adult human is in the range of 800 to 1600 mg/day. Approximately 65% to 75% of ingested Pi is absorbed in the small intestine, regardless of the level of Pi intake, and hormonal regulation of this process plays only a minor role in normal Pi homeostasis. Most of the absorbed Pi is excreted in the urine. This means that Pi homeostasis and plasma Pi concentration depend primarily on renal mechanisms that regulate tubular Pi transport. (Tenenhouse H. S. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 2005, 240-247)

In general, members of two families of SLC proteins (SLC20 and SLC34) act as Na + -dependent, secondary-active co-transporters to transport Pi across cell membranes. The SLC34 proteins are expressed in specific organs important for Pi homeostasis: NaPi-IIa (SLC34A1) and NaPi-IIc (SLC34A3) fulfill essential roles in Pi reabsorption in the kidney proximal tubule and NaPi-IIb (SLC34A2) mediates Pi absorption in the gut. The SLC20 proteins, PiT-1 (SLC20A1), PiT-2 (SLC20A2) are expressed ubiquitously in all tissues and although generally considered as “housekeeping” transport proteins, the discovery of tissue-specific activity, regulatory pathways and gene-related pathophysiologies, is redefining their importance (Foster et al. Molecular Aspects of Medicine 2013, 386-395)

Npt2a was identified as the most prominent Pi transporter within the kidney and thereby being involved in the regulation of the Pi excretion (Biber et al Annu. Rev. Physiol. 2013, 535-550). Therefore Np2ta inhibitors may have the potential to address cardiovascular (CV)-mortality and CV-morbidity by altering vascular calcification and plasma phosphate levels.

Npt2a inhibitors provide a novel approach to address vascular calcification in patients with chronic kidney disease and/or in patients with arterial hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, ischemic heart disease, peripheral arterial disease and retinopathy.

Compounds that are inhibitors of the intestinal sodium-dependent phosphate transport Npt2b are described in WO2012/006473, in WO2012/006474, in WO2012/006477, in WO2012/054110, in WO2013/062065, in EP1465638, in EP1815860, in U.S. Pat. No. 6,355,823, in WO2016/082751 and in WO2013/082756.

Substituted Pyrimidines are disclosed e.g. in U.S. Pat. No. 9,163,017 B2 for the treatment of Hepatitis C, in WO2014152716 A1 for the treatment and prevention of viral infections, in EP1841760B1 as kinase modulators for the treatment of cancer and in WO2014181287A1 to treat inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disorders and other related disorders.

However, the state of the art does not describe the 6-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine compounds of general formula (I) of the present invention as described and defined herein.

It has now been found, and this constitutes the basis of the present invention, that the compounds of the present invention have surprising and advantageous properties.

In particular, the compounds of the present invention have surprisingly been found to effectively reduce plasma phosphate levels and increase urinary Pi excretion due to their Npt2a inhibition potential. Moreover the compounds of the present invention have surprisingly been found to effectively inhibit vascular calcification and to reduce FGF-23 and parathyroid hormone levels significantly by inhibiting Npt2a and may therefore be used for the treatment or prophylaxis of diseases and/or conditions associated with hyperphosphatemia, patients with disbalanced phosphate homeostasis, elevated plasma FGF23 levels, chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic kidney disease associated calcification, non-chronic kidney disease associated calcification, media calcifications including Moenckeberg's medial sclerosis, atherosclerosis, intima calcification, CKD associated heart hypertrophy, CKD associated renal dystrophy, osteoporosis, post-menopausal osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus II, chronic renal disease, aging, hypophosphaturia, hyperparathyroidism, Vitamin D disorders, Vitamin K deficiency, Vitamin K-antagonist coagulants, Kawasaki disease, ACDC (arterial calcification due to deficiency of CD73), GACI (generalized arterial calcification of infancy), IBGC (idiopathic basal ganglia calcification), PXE (pseudoxanthoma elasticum), rheumatoid arthritis, Singleton-Merten syndrome, P-thalassemia, calciphylaxis, heterotrophic ossification, preterm placental calcification, calcification of the uterus, calcified uterine fibroids, morbus fahr, mircocalcification and calcification of the aortic valve.

The invention provides compounds of the formula

in which

R 1 represents a group of the formula

in which

# represents the point of attachment to the amino group,

R 5 represents a group selected from a halogen atom, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from —NR 14 R 15 , (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said cyclopropyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms, wherein R 14 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, R 15 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, or R 14 and R 15 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 4- to 5-membered heterocycle

wherein said 4- to 5-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl trifluormethyl, difluoromethyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms, wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms, wherein said (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 6 represents 6-membered heteroaryl, 2-oxopyridin-1(2H)-yl, a 4- to 8-membered heterocycle or (C 4 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl,

or represents a group of the formula

wherein any phenyl group and any 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl are each optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a halogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy and trifluoromethoxy, wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, hydroxy, —NR 20 R 21 , (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy or benzyloxy and optionally with up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from —NR 22 R 23 (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said cyclopropyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms, wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy is optionally substituted with up to five fluorine atoms, wherein R 22 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, R 23 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, or R 22 and R 23 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy is optionally substituted with up to five fluorine atoms, wherein said (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms, wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms, and wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a halogen atom, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

R 9 represents 6-membered heteroaryl, 2-oxopyridin-1(2H)-yl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl, a 4- to 8-membered heterocycle or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or represents a group of the formula

wherein any phenyl group and any 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl are each optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a halogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy and trifluoromethoxy, wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, 5-membered heteroaryl, —NR 28 R 29 , (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy or benzyloxy and optionally with up to five fluorine atoms and is optionally additionally substituted with hydroxy,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 12 represents a 6-membered heteroaryl group, 2-oxopyridin-1(2H)-yl, (C 4 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or represents a group of the formula

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with cyclopropyl and up to five fluorine atoms,

R 2 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 3 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, cyano, hydroxy, nitro, amino, mono-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino, di-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylsulfanyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylsulfinyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, —(CH 2 ) q C(═O)—NR 34 R 35 , —O—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —O—C(═O)—OR 37a , —NH—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —N(CH 3 )—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —NH—C(═O)—OR 37a , —N(CH 3 )—C(═O)—OR 37a —NH—C(═O)—R 37 , —N(CH 3 )—C(═O)—R 37 , (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyloxy and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, amino, mono-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino, di-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and cyclopropyl and optionally up to six fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted with (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl or cyclopropyl and optionally up to two fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy is optionally substituted with cyano, cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms, wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl of mono-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino is optionally substituted with cyano, cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms, wherein said di-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino is optionally substituted with cyano, cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms, wherein said (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, hydroxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms, wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl, mono-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylaminocarbonyl, di-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylaminocarbonyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyl, hydroxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms, wherein said 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms, wherein q represents 0 or 1, R 34 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, R 35 represents a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl or phenyl, or R 34 and R 35 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 4- to 7-membered heterocyclyl ring

wherein said 4- to 7-membered heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a fluorine atom, hydroxy, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, cyclopropyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl and trifluoromethoxy,

wherein R 36 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl, R 37 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or cyclopropyl, R 37a represents methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or cyclopropyl,

with the proviso that if R 3 is —(CH 2 ) q C(═O)—NR 34 R 35 , —O—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —O—C(═O)—OR 37a , —N(CH 3 )—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —NH—C(═O)—OR 37a , —NH—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —N(CH 3 )—C(═O)—OR 37a —NH—C(═O)—R 37 or —N(CH 3 )—C(═O)—R 37 , then R 7 and R 10 are different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 3 is cyano then R 2 and R 4 are different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 3 is cyano then R 6 and R 9 are different from 6-membered heteroaryl,

or

R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered carbocycle, a 4- to 7-membered azaheterocycle, a 4- to 7-membered oxaheterocycle, a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group or a phenyl ring,

wherein said 4- to 7-membered azaheterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, oxo, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms, wherein said 4- to 7-membered oxaheterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, oxo, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms, wherein said 4- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, oxo, amino, mono-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino, di-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms, and wherein any phenyl group and any 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group are each optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a halogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

with the proviso that if R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached to form a 4- to 7-membered azaheterocycle with a non-substituted nitrogen atom which is not directly attached to the pyrazole, then R 7 and R 10 are different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 7 and R 10 are hydrogen then the nitrogen atom of the 4- to 7-membered azaheterocycle formed by R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached to is substituted with (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl,

R 4 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and hydroxy,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

or

R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered carbocycle, a 4- to 7-membered heterocycle, a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group or a phenyl ring,

wherein said 4- to 7-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from a fluorine atom, hydroxy, oxo, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from a fluorine atom, hydroxy, oxo, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

and wherein any phenyl group and any 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group are each optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a halogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

with the proviso that if R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 4- to 7-membered heterocycle with a non-substituted nitrogen atom which is not directly attached to the pyrazole, then R 7 and R 10 is different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 7 and R 10 are hydrogen then the nitrogen atom of the 4- to 7-membered heterocycle formed by R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached to is substituted with (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl,

or a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a hydrate, a solvate, or a salt thereof, or a mixture of same.

The term “substituted” means that one or more hydrogen atoms on the designated atom or group are replaced with a selection from the indicated group, provided that the designated atom's normal valency under the existing circumstances is not exceeded. Combinations of substituents and/or variables are permissible.

The term “optionally substituted” means that the number of substituents can be equal to or different from zero. Unless otherwise indicated, it is possible that optionally substituted groups are substituted with as many optional substituents as can be accommodated by replacing a hydrogen atom with a non-hydrogen substituent on any available carbon atom or heteroatom. Commonly, it is possible for the number of optional substituents, when present, to be 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, in particular 1, 2 or 3.

As used herein, the term “one or more”, e.g. in the definition of the substituents of the compounds of general formula (I) of the present invention, means “1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, particularly 1, 2, 3 or 4, more particularly 1, 2 or 3, even more particularly 1 or 2”.

When groups in the compounds according to the invention are substituted, it is possible for said groups to be mono-substituted or poly-substituted with substituent(s), unless otherwise specified. Within the scope of the present invention, the meanings of all groups which occur repeatedly are independent from one another. It is possible that groups in the compounds according to the invention are substituted with one, two or three identical or different substituents.

As used herein, an oxo substituent represents an oxygen atom, which is bound to a carbon atom or to a sulfur atom via a double bond.

The term “ring substituent” means a substituent attached to an aromatic or nonaromatic ring which replaces an available hydrogen atom on the ring.

The term “comprising” when used in the specification includes “consisting of”.

If within the present text any item is referred to as “as mentioned herein”, it means that it may be mentioned anywhere in the present text.

The terms as mentioned in the present text have the following meanings:

The term “halogen atom” means a fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atom, particularly a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom, even more particularly fluorine or chlorine.

The term “C 1 -C 4 -alkyl” and “C 1 -C 6 -alkyl” means a linear or branched, saturated, monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1, 2, 3, or 4 carbon atoms, and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms, e.g. a methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, 2-methylbutyl, 1-methylbutyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, neo-pentyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, hexyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl or 1,3-dimethylbutyl group, or an isomer thereof. Particularly, said group has 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms (“C 1 -C 4 -alkyl”), e.g. a methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl isobutyl, or tert-butyl group, more particularly 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms (“C 1 -C 3 -alkyl”), e.g. a methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl group.

The term “(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylsulfanyl” means a linear or branched, saturated, monovalent group of formula (C 1 -C 6 -alkyl)-S—, in which the term “C 1 -C 4 -alkyl” is as defined supra, e.g. a methylsulfanyl, ethylsulfanyl, propylsulfanyl, isopropylsulfanyl, butylsulfanyl, sec-butylsulfanyl, isobutylsulfanyl, tert-butylsulfanyl group.

The term “C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy” means a linear or branched, saturated, monovalent group of formula (C 1 -C 4 -alkyl)-O—, in which the term “C 1 -C 4 -alkyl” is as defined supra, e.g. a methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, sec-butoxy, isobutoxy, tert-butoxy, or an isomer thereof.

The term “C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl” and “C 5 -C 6 -cycloalkyl” means a saturated, monovalent, mono- or bicyclic hydrocarbon ring which contains 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms (“C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl”). Said C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl group is for example, a monocyclic hydrocarbon ring, e.g. a cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl group, or a bicyclic hydrocarbon ring. The term “3- to 6-membered cycloalkyl” is equivalent to a “C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl”, Thus a “4-membered cycloalkyl group” has the same meaning as a “C 4 -cycloalkyl group”.

The terms “(C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl” and “C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl” mean a saturated, monovalent, mono- or bicyclic hydrocarbon ring which contains 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 carbon atoms (“C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl”). Said C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl group is for example, a monocyclic hydrocarbon ring, e.g. a cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl or cyclooctyl group, or a bicyclic hydrocarbon ring, e.g. a bicyclo[4.2.0]octyl or octahydropentalenyl.

The term “3- to 6-membered heterocycle”, “4-membered heterocycle”, “4- to 6-membered heterocycle”, “5- to 6-membered heterocycle”, “3- to 8-membered heterocycle” and 4- to 8-membered heterocycle means a monocyclic, saturated heterocycle with 3 to 8, 4 to 8, 3 to 6, 4 to 6 or 4 or 5 or 6, ring atoms in total, respectively, which contains one or two identical or different ring heteroatoms from the series N, S or O, it being possible for said heterocycloalkyl group to be attached to the rest of the molecule via any one of the carbon atoms. A heterocycloalkyl group which contains at least one ring nitrogen atom may be named aza-heterocyloalkyl, respectively a heterocycloalkyl group which contains at least one ring oxygen atom may be named oxa-heterocyloalkyl. In particular, an aza-heterocyloalkyl group contains only ring nitrogen atoms and an oxa-heterocyloalkyl group contains only ring oxygen atoms.

Said heterocycle, without being limited thereto, can be a 4-membered ring, such as azetidinyl, oxetanyl or thietanyl, for example; or a 5-membered ring, such as tetrahydrofuranyl, 1,3-dioxolanyl, thiolanyl, pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, 1,1-dioxidothiolanyl, 1,2-oxazolidinyl, 1,3-oxazolidinyl or 1,3-thiazolidinyl, for example; or a 6-membered ring, such as tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, dithianyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperazinyl, 1,3-dioxanyl, 1,4-dioxanyl or 1,2-oxazinanyl, for example, or a 7-membered ring, such as azepanyl, 1,4-diazepanyl or 1,4-oxazepanyl, for example.

The terms “azaheterocyclyl” and “azaheterocycle” in the context of the invention mean a monocyclic or bicyclic, saturated or partly unsaturated heterocycle which has the particular number of ring atoms specified, contains a nitrogen atom and may additionally contain one or two further ring heteroatom(s) from the group of N, O, S, SO and/or SO 2 , and is joined via a ring nitrogen atom. Preferred examples include: pyrrolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, 1,1-dioxothiomorpholinyl, hexahydroazepinyl, hexahydro-1,4-diazepinyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl, indolinyl, 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanyl, 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanyl, 3-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptanyl and quinuclidinyl.

The terms “oxaheterocyclyl” and “oxaheterocycle” in the context of the invention mean a monocyclic or bicyclic, saturated or partly unsaturated heterocycle which has the particular number of ring atoms specified, contains an oxygen atom and may additionally contain one or two further ring heteroatom(s) from the group of N, O, S, SO and/or SO 2 ,

The term “5- to 6-membered heteroaryl”, “5-membered heteroaryl” and “6-membered heteroaryl” means a monovalent, monocyclic aromatic ring with 5 to 6, or 5 or 6, ring atoms in total, respectively, 5 or 6 ring atoms, which contains at least one ring heteroatom and optionally one, two or three further ring heteroatoms from the series: N, O and/or S, and which is bound via a ring carbon atom or optionally via a ring nitrogen atom (if allowed by valency).

Said heteroaryl group can be a 5-membered heteroaryl group, such as, for example, thienyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazolyl, thia-diazolyl or tetrazolyl; or a 6-membered heteroaryl group, such as, for example, pyridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl or triazinyl; or a tricyclic heteroaryl group, such as, for example, carbazolyl, acridinyl or phenazinyl.

mono-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino in the context of the invention means an amino group with one straight-chain or branched alkyl substituent which contains 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, such as: methylamino, ethylamino, n-propylamino, isopropylamino, n-butylamino, and tert-butylamino, for example.

di-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino in the context of the invention means an amino group with two identical or different straight-chain or branched alkyl substituents which each contain 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, such as: N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, N-ethyl-N-methylamino, N-methyl-N-n-propylamino, N-isopropyl-N-methylamino, N-isopropyl-N-n-propylamino, N,N-diisopropylamino, N-n-butyl-N-methylamino, and N-tert-butyl-N-methylamino, for example.

(C 1 -C 4 )-Alkylcarbonyl in the context of the invention means a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms which is bound to the rest of the molecule via a carbonyl group [—C(═O)—], such as: acetyl, propionyl, n-butyryl, isobutyryl, n-pentanoyl, and pivaloyl, for example.

(C 1 -C 4 )-Alkoxycarbonyl in the context of the invention means a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group having 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms which is bound to the rest of the molecule via a carbonyl group [—C(═O)—], such as: methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, n-propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, n-butoxycarbonyl, and tert-butoxycarbonyl, for example.

mono-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylaminocarbonyl in the context of the invention means an amino group which is bound to the rest of the molecule via a carbonyl group [—C(═O)—] and which has one straight-chain or branched alkyl substituent having 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, such as: methylaminocarbonyl, ethylaminocarbonyl, n-propylaminocarbonyl, isopropylaminocarbonyl, n-butylaminocarbonyl, and tert-butylaminocarbonyl, for example.

di-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylaminocarbonyl in the context of the invention means an amino group which is bound to the rest of the molecule via a carbonyl group [—C(═O)—] and which has two identical or different straight-chain or branched alkyl substituents having in each case 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, such as: N,N-dimethylaminocarbonyl, N,N-diethylaminocarbonyl, N-ethyl-N-methylaminocarbonyl, N-methyl-N-n-propylaminocarbonyl, N-isopropyl-N-methylaminocarbonyl, N,N-diisopropylaminocarbonyl, N-n-butyl-N-methylaminocarbonyl, and N-tert-butyl-N-methylaminocarbonyl, for example.

An oxo substituent in the context of the invention means an oxygen atom, which is bound to a carbon atom via a double bond

In general, and unless otherwise mentioned, the heteroaryl or heteroarylene groups include all possible isomeric forms thereof, e.g.: tautomers and positional isomers with respect to the point of linkage to the rest of the molecule. Thus, for some illustrative non-restricting examples, the term pyridinyl includes pyridin-2-yl, pyridin-3-yl and pyridin-4-yl; or the term thienyl includes thien-2-yl and thien-3-yl.

The term “C 1 -C 4 ”, as used in the present text, e.g. in the context of the definition of “C 1 -C 4 -alkyl”, “C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy”, ” or “C 1 -C 4 -alkylsulfanyl”, means an alkyl group having a finite number of carbon atoms of 1 to 4, i.e. 1, 2, 3, or 4 carbon atoms.

The term “C 1 -C 6 ”, as used in the present text, e.g. in the context of the definition of “C 1 -C 6 -alkyl”, means an alkyl group having a finite number of carbon atoms of 1 to 6, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms.

Further, as used herein, the term “C 3 -C 6 ”, as used in the present text, e.g. in the context of the definition of “C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl”, means a cycloalkyl group having a finite number of carbon atoms of 3 to 6, i.e. 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms.

Further, as used herein, the term “C 3 -C 8 ”, as used in the present text, e.g. in the context of the definition of “C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl”, means a cycloalkyl group having a finite number of carbon atoms of 3 to 8, i.e. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 carbon atoms.

When a range of values is given, said range encompasses each value and sub-range within said range.

For example:

“C 1 -C 4 ” encompasses C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 1 -C 4 , C 1 -C 3 , C 1 -C 2 , C 2 -C 4 , C 2 -C 3 , and C 3 -C 4 ;

“C 1 -C 3 ” encompasses C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 1 -C 3 , C 1 -C 2 , and C 2 -C 3 ;

“C 2 -C 4 ” encompasses C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 2 -C 4 , C 2 -C 3 , and C 3 -C 4 ;

“C 3 -C 6 ” encompasses C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6 , C 3 -C 6 , C 3 -C 5 , C 3 -C 4 , C 4 -C 6 , C 4 -C 5 , and C 5 -C 6 ;

As used herein, the term “leaving group” means an atom or a group of atoms that is displaced in a chemical reaction as stable species taking with it the bonding electrons. In particular, such a leaving group is selected from the group comprising: halide, in particular fluoride, chloride, bromide or iodide, (methylsulfonyl)oxy (mesyl(ate), Ms), [(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]oxy (triflyl/(ate), Tf), [(nonafluoro-butyl)sulfonyl]oxy (nonaflate, Nf), (phenylsulfonyl)oxy, [(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]oxy, [(4-bromo-phenyl)sulfonyl]oxy, [(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]oxy, [(2-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]oxy, [(4-isopropylphenyl)-sulfonyl]oxy, [(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)sulfonyl]oxy, [(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)sulfonyl]oxy, [(4-tert-butylphenyl)sulfonyl]oxy and [(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl]oxy.

It is possible for the compounds of general formula (I) to exist as isotopic variants. The invention therefore includes one or more isotopic variant(s) of the compounds of general formula (I), particularly deuterium-containing compounds of general formula (I).

The term “Isotopic variant” of a compound or a reagent is defined as a compound exhibiting an unnatural proportion of one or more of the isotopes that constitute such a compound.

The term “Isotopic variant of the compound of general formula (I)” is defined as a compound of general formula (I) exhibiting an unnatural proportion of one or more of the isotopes that constitute such a compound.

The expression “unnatural proportion” means a proportion of such isotope which is higher than its natural abundance. The natural abundances of isotopes to be applied in this context are described in “Isotopic Compositions of the Elements 1997”, Pure Appl. Chem., 70(1), 217-235, 1998.

Examples of such isotopes include stable and radioactive isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, such as 2 H (deuterium), 3 H (tritium), 11 C, 13 C, 14 C, 15 N, 17 O, 18 O, 32 P, 33 P, 33 S, 34 S, 35 S, 36 S, 18 F, 36 Cl, 82 Br, 123 I, 124 I, 125 I, 129 I and 131 I, respectively.

With respect to the treatment and/or prophylaxis of the disorders specified herein the isotopic variant(s) of the compounds of general formula (I) preferably contain deuterium (“deuterium-containing compounds of general formula (I)”). Isotopic variants of the compounds of general formula (I) in which one or more radioactive isotopes, such as 3 H or 14 C, are incorporated are useful e.g. in drug and/or substrate tissue distribution studies. These isotopes are particularly preferred for the ease of their incorporation and detectability. Positron emitting isotopes such as 18 F or 11 C may be incorporated into a compound of general formula (I). These isotopic variants of the compounds of general formula (I) are useful for in vivo imaging applications. Deuterium-containing and 13 C-containing compounds of general formula (I) can be used in mass spectrometry analyses in the context of preclinical or clinical studies.

Isotopic variants of the compounds of general formula (I) can generally be prepared by methods known to a person skilled in the art, such as those described in the schemes and/or examples herein, by substituting a reagent for an isotopic variant of said reagent, preferably for a deuterium-containing reagent. Depending on the desired sites of deuteration, in some cases deuterium from D 2 O can be incorporated either directly into the compounds or into reagents that are useful for synthesizing such compounds (Esaki et al., Tetrahedron, 2006, 62, 10954; Esaki et al., Chem. Eur. J., 2007, 13, 4052). Deuterium gas is also a useful reagent for incorporating deuterium into molecules. Catalytic deuteration of olefinic bonds (H. J. Leis et al., Curr. Org. Chem., 1998, 2, 131; J. R. Morandi et al., J. Org. Chem., 1969, 34 (6), 1889) and acetylenic bonds (N. H. Khan, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1952, 74 (12), 3018; S. Chandrasekhar et al., Tetrahedron Letters, 2011, 52, 3865) is a rapid route for incorporation of deuterium. Metal catalysts (i.e. Pd, Pt, and Rh) in the presence of deuterium gas can be used to directly exchange deuterium for hydrogen in functional groups containing hydrocarbons (J. G. Atkinson et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,966,781). A variety of deuterated reagents and synthetic building blocks are commercially available from companies such as for example C/D/N Isotopes, Quebec, Canada; Cambridge Isotope Laboratories Inc., Andover, Mass., USA; and CombiPhos Catalysts, Inc., Princeton, N.J., USA. Further information on the state of the art with respect to deuterium-hydrogen exchange is given for example in Hanzlik et al., J. Org. Chem. 55, 3992-3997, 1990; R. P. Hanzlik et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 160, 844, 1989; P. J. Reider et al., J. Org. Chem. 52, 3326-3334, 1987; M. Jarman et al., Carcinogenesis 16(4), 683-688, 1995; J. Atzrodt et al., Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 7744; K. Matoishi et al., Chem. Commun. 2000, 1519-1520; K. Kassahun et al., WO2012/112363.

The term “deuterium-containing compound of general formula (I)” is defined as a compound of general formula (I), in which one or more hydrogen atom(s) is/are replaced by one or more deuterium atom(s) and in which the abundance of deuterium at each deuterated position of the compound of general formula (I) is higher than the natural abundance of deuterium, which is about 0.015%. Particularly, in a deuterium-containing compound of general formula (I) the abundance of deuterium at each deuterated position of the compound of general formula (I) is higher than 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% or 80%, preferably higher than 90%, 95%, 96% or 97%, even more preferably higher than 98% or 99% at said position(s). It is understood that the abundance of deuterium at each deuterated position is independent of the abundance of deuterium at other deuterated position(s).

The selective incorporation of one or more deuterium atom(s) into a compound of general formula (I) may alter the physicochemical properties (such as for example acidity [C. L. Perrin, et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2007, 129, 4490; A. Streitwieser et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1963, 85, 2759;], basicity [C. L. Perrin et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2005, 127, 9641; C. L. Perrin, et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2003, 125, 15008; C. L. Perrin in Advances in Physical Organic Chemistry, 44, 144], lipophilicity [B. Testa et al., Int. J. Pharm., 1984, 19(3), 271]) and/or the metabolic profile of the molecule and may result in changes in the ratio of parent compound to metabolites or in the amounts of metabolites formed. Such changes may result in certain therapeutic advantages and hence may be preferred in some circumstances. Reduced rates of metabolism and metabolic switching, where the ratio of metabolites is changed, have been reported (A. E. Mutlib et al., Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 2000, 169, 102; D. J. Kushner et al., Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 1999, 77, 79). These changes in the exposure to parent drug and metabolites can have important consequences with respect to the pharmacodynamics, tolerability and efficacy of a deuterium-containing compound of general formula (I). In some cases deuterium substitution reduces or eliminates the formation of an undesired or toxic metabolite and enhances the formation of a desired metabolite (e.g. Nevirapine: A. M. Sharma et al., Chem. Res. Toxicol., 2013, 26, 410; Efavirenz: A. E. Mutlib et al., Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 2000, 169, 102). In other cases the major effect of deuteration is to reduce the rate of systemic clearance. As a result, the biological half-life of the compound is increased. The potential clinical benefits would include the ability to maintain similar systemic exposure with decreased peak levels and increased trough levels. This could result in lower side effects and enhanced efficacy, depending on the particular compound's pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship. ML-337 (C. J. Wenthur et al., J. Med. Chem., 2013, 56, 5208) and Odanacatib (K. Kassahun et al., WO2012/112363) are examples for this deuterium effect. Still other cases have been reported in which reduced rates of metabolism result in an increase in exposure of the drug without changing the rate of systemic clearance (e.g. Rofecoxib: F. Schneider et al., Arzneim. Forsch./Drug. Res., 2006, 56, 295; Telaprevir: F. Maltais et al., J. Med. Chem., 2009, 52, 7993). Deuterated drugs showing this effect may have reduced dosing requirements (e.g. lower number of doses or lower dosage to achieve the desired effect) and/or may produce lower metabolite loads.

A compound of general formula (I) may have multiple potential sites of attack for metabolism. To optimize the above-described effects on physicochemical properties and metabolic profile, deuterium-containing compounds of general formula (I) having a certain pattern of one or more deuterium-hydrogen exchange(s) can be selected. Particularly, the deuterium atom(s) of deuterium-containing compound(s) of general formula (I) is/are attached to a carbon atom and/or is/are located at those positions of the compound of general formula (I), which are sites of attack for metabolizing enzymes such as e.g. cytochrome P 450 .

In another embodiment the present invention concerns a deuterium-containing compound of general formula (I) having 1, 2, 3 or 4 deuterium atoms, particularly with 1, 2 or 3 deuterium atoms.

Where the plural form of the word compounds, salts, polymorphs, hydrates, solvates and the like, is used herein, this is taken to mean also a single compound, salt, polymorph, isomer, hydrate, solvate or the like.

By “stable compound” or “stable structure” is meant a compound that is sufficiently robust to survive isolation to a useful degree of purity from a reaction mixture, and formulation into an efficacious therapeutic agent.

The compounds of the present invention optionally contain one or more asymmetric centres, depending upon the location and nature of the various substituents desired. It is possible that one or more asymmetric carbon atoms are present in the (R) or (S) configuration, which can result in racemic mixtures in the case of a single asymmetric centre, and in diastereomeric mixtures in the case of multiple asymmetric centres. In certain instances, it is possible that asymmetry also be present due to restricted rotation about a given bond, for example, the central bond adjoining two substituted aromatic rings of the specified compounds.

Preferred compounds are those which produce the more desirable biological activity. Separated, pure or partially purified isomers and stereoisomers or racemic or diastereomeric mixtures of the compounds of the present invention are also included within the scope of the present invention. The purification and the separation of such materials can be accomplished by standard techniques known in the art.

The optical isomers can be obtained by resolution of the racemic mixtures according to conventional processes, for example, by the formation of diastereoisomeric salts using an optically active acid or base or formation of covalent diastereomers. Examples of appropriate acids are tartaric, diacetyltartaric, ditoluoyltartaric and camphorsulfonic acid. Mixtures of diastereoisomers can be separated into their individual diastereomers on the basis of their physical and/or chemical differences by methods known in the art, for example, by chromatography or fractional crystallisation. The optically active bases or acids are then liberated from the separated diastereomeric salts. A different process for separation of optical isomers involves the use of chiral chromatography (e.g., HPLC columns using a chiral phase), with or without conventional derivatisation, optimally chosen to maximise the separation of the enantiomers. Suitable HPLC columns using a chiral phase are commercially available, such as those manufactured by Daicel, e.g., Chiracel OD and Chiracel OJ, for example, among many others, which are all routinely selectable. Enzymatic separations, with or without derivatisation, are also useful. The optically active compounds of the present invention can likewise be obtained by chiral syntheses utilizing optically active starting materials.

In order to distinguish different types of isomers from each other reference is made to IUPAC Rules Section E (Pure Appl Chem 45, 11-30, 1976).

The present invention includes all possible stereoisomers of the compounds of the present invention as single stereoisomers, or as any mixture of said stereoisomers, e.g. (R)- or (S)-isomers, in any ratio. Isolation of a single stereoisomer, e.g. a single enantiomer or a single diastereomer, of a compound of the present invention is achieved by any suitable state of the art method, such as chromatography, especially chiral chromatography, for example.

Further, it is possible for the compounds of the present invention to exist as tautomers. For example, any compound of the present invention which contains an imidazopyridine moiety as a heteroaryl group for example can exist as a 1H tautomer, or a 3H tautomer, or even a mixture in any amount of the two tautomers, namely:

Moreover, in the course of the synthesis of the 1H-pyrazole group the 1H-pyrazol-3-yl tautomer as well as its tautomer 1H-pyrazol-5-yl tautomer are formed.

The present invention includes all possible tautomers of the compounds of the present invention as single tautomers, or as any mixture of said tautomers, in any ratio.

The present invention also covers useful forms of the compounds of the present invention, such as metabolites, hydrates, solvates, prodrugs, salts, in particular pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and/or co-precipitates.

The compounds of the present invention can exist as a hydrate, or as a solvate, wherein the compounds of the present invention contain polar solvents, in particular water, methanol or ethanol for example, as structural element of the crystal lattice of the compounds. It is possible for the amount of polar solvents, in particular water, to exist in a stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric ratio. In the case of stoichiometric solvates, e.g. a hydrate, hemi-, (semi-), mono-, sesqui-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- etc. solvates or hydrates, respectively, are possible. The present invention includes all such hydrates or solvates.

Further, it is possible for the compounds of the present invention to exist in free form, e.g. as a free base, or as a free acid, or as a zwitterion, or to exist in the form of a salt, in particular as a free acid. Said salt may be any salt, either an organic or inorganic addition salt, particularly any pharmaceutically acceptable organic or inorganic addition salt, which is customarily used in pharmacy, or which is used, for example, for isolating or purifying the compounds of the present invention.

The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers to an inorganic or organic acid addition salt of a compound of the present invention. For example, see S. M. Berge, et al. “Pharmaceutical Salts,” J. Pharm. Sci. 1977, 66, 1-19.

A suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compounds of the present invention may be, for example, an acid-addition salt of a compound of the present invention bearing a nitrogen atom, in a chain or in a ring, for example, which is sufficiently basic, such as an acid-addition salt with an inorganic acid, or “mineral acid”, such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydroiodic, sulfuric, sulfamic, bisulfuric, phosphoric, or nitric acid, for example, or with an organic acid, such as formic, acetic, acetoacetic, pyruvic, trifluoroacetic, propionic, butyric, hexanoic, heptanoic, undecanoic, lauric, benzoic, salicylic, 2-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-benzoic, camphoric, cinnamic, cyclopentanepropionic, digluconic, 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic, nicotinic, pamoic, pectinic, 3-phenylpropionic, pivalic, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic, itaconic, trifluoromethanesulfonic, dodecylsulfuric, ethanesulfonic, benzenesulfonic, para-toluenesulfonic, methanesulfonic, 2-naphthalenesulfonic, naphthalinedisulfonic, camphorsulfonic acid, citric, tartaric, stearic, lactic, oxalic, malonic, succinic, malic, adipic, alginic, maleic, fumaric, D-gluconic, mandelic, ascorbic, glucoheptanoic, glycerophosphoric, aspartic, sulfosalicylic, or thiocyanic acid, for example.

Further, another suitably pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a compound of the present invention which is sufficiently acidic, is an alkali metal salt, for example a sodium or potassium salt, an alkaline earth metal salt, for example a calcium, magnesium or strontium salt, or an aluminium or a zinc salt, or an ammonium salt derived from ammonia or from an organic primary, secondary or tertiary amine having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, ethyldiisopropylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, dimethylaminoethanol, diethylaminoethanol, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, procaine, dibenzylamine, N-methylmorpholine, arginine, lysine, 1,2-ethylenediamine, N-methylpiperidine, N-methyl-glucamine, N,N-dimethyl-glucamine, N-ethyl-glucamine, 1,6-hexanediamine, glucosamine, sarcosine, serinol, 2-amino-1,3-propanediol, 3-amino-1,2-propanediol, 4-amino-1,2,3-butanetriol, or a salt with a quarternary ammonium ion having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, such as tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, tetra(n-propyl)ammonium, tetra(n-butyl)ammonium, N-benzyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium, choline or benzalkonium.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the first aspect, the present invention covers a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of compounds of general formula (I), (I-C), supra, which is an alkali metal salt, in particular a sodium or potassium salt, or an ammonium salt derived from an organic tertiary amine, in particular choline.

Those skilled in the art will further recognise that it is possible for acid addition salts of the claimed compounds to be prepared by reaction of the compounds with the appropriate inorganic or organic acid via any of a number of known methods. Alternatively, alkali and alkaline earth metal salts of acidic compounds of the present invention are prepared by reacting the compounds of the present invention with the appropriate base via a variety of known methods.

The present invention includes all possible salts of the compounds of the present invention as single salts, or as any mixture of said salts, in any ratio.

In the present text, in particular in the Experimental Section, for the synthesis of intermediates and of examples of the present invention, when a compound is mentioned as a salt form with the corresponding base or acid, the exact stoichiometric composition of said salt form, as obtained by the respective preparation and/or purification process, is, in most cases, unknown.

Unless specified otherwise, suffixes to chemical names or structural formulae relating to salts, such as “hydrochloride”, “trifluoroacetate”, “sodium salt”, or “x HCl”, “x CF 3 COOH”, “x Na”, for example, mean a salt form, the stoichiometry of which salt form not being specified.

This applies analogously to cases in which synthesis intermediates or example compounds or salts thereof have been obtained, by the preparation and/or purification processes described, as solvates, such as hydrates, with (if defined) unknown stoichiometric composition.

As used herein, the term “in vivo hydrolysable ester” means an in vivo hydrolysable ester of a compound of the present invention containing a carboxy or hydroxy group, for example, a pharmaceutically acceptable ester which is hydrolysed in the human or animal body to produce the parent acid or alcohol. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable esters for carboxy include for example alkyl, cycloalkyl and optionally substituted phenylalkyl, in particular benzyl esters, C 1 -C 6 alkoxymethyl esters, e.g. methoxymethyl, C 1 -C 6 alkanoyloxymethyl esters, e.g. pivaloyloxymethyl, phthalidyl esters, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkoxy-carbonyloxy-C 1 -C 6 alkyl esters, e.g. 1-cyclohexylcarbonyloxyethyl; 1,3-dioxolen-2-onylmethyl esters, e.g. 5-methyl-1,3-dioxolen-2-onylmethyl; and C 1 -C 6 -alkoxycarbonyloxyethyl esters, e.g. 1-methoxycarbonyloxyethyl, it being possible for said esters to be formed at any carboxy group in the compounds of the present invention.

An in vivo hydrolysable ester of a compound of the present invention containing a hydroxy group includes inorganic esters such as phosphate esters and [alpha]-acyloxyalkyl ethers and related compounds which as a result of the in vivo hydrolysis of the ester breakdown to give the parent hydroxy group. Examples of [alpha]-acyloxyalkyl ethers include acetoxymethoxy and 2,2-dimethyl-propionyloxymethoxy. A selection of in vivo hydrolysable ester forming groups for hydroxy include alkanoyl, benzoyl, phenylacetyl and substituted benzoyl and phenylacetyl, alkoxycarbonyl (to give alkyl carbonate esters), dialkylcarbamoyl and N-(dialkylaminoethyl)-N-alkylcarbamoyl (to give carbamates), dialkylaminoacetyl and carboxyacetyl. The present invention covers all such esters.

Furthermore, the present invention includes all possible crystalline forms, or polymorphs, of the compounds of the present invention, either as single polymorph, or as a mixture of more than one polymorph, in any ratio.

Moreover, the present invention also includes prodrugs of the compounds according to the invention. The term “prodrugs” here designates compounds which themselves can be biologically active or inactive, but are converted (for example metabolically or hydrolytically) into compounds according to the invention during their residence time in the body.

Preference is given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 1 represents a group of the formula

in which

# represents the point of attachment to the amino group,

R 5 represents a group selected from fluorine, chlorine, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl, methylcarbonyl and ethylcarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from —NR 14 R 15 , methoxy, ethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said cyclopropyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms, wherein R 14 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, R 15 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, or R 14 and R 15 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 4- to 5-membered heterocycle

wherein said 4- to 5-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluormethyl, difluoromethyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said methoxy and ethoxy are optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms, wherein said (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

R 6 represents pyridyl, pyrimidyl, 2-oxopyridin-1(2H)-yl, (C 5 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl or a 6- to 8-membered heterocycle

or represents a group of the formula

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, hydroxy, —NR 20 R 21 , methoxy, ethoxy or benzyloxy and optionally with up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with methoxy, —NR 22 R 23 and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said cyclopropyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms wherein said methoxy is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms, wherein R 22 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, R 23 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, or R 22 and R 23 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said methoxy and ethoxy are optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms, and wherein said (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

R 9 represents pyridyl, pyrimidyl, 2-oxopyridin-1(2H)-yl, (C 5 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl or a 6- to 8-membered heterocycle or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or represents a group of the formula

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl, 1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl, —NR 28 R 29 , methoxy, ethoxy or benzyloxy and optionally with up to five fluorine atoms optionally with up to five fluorine atoms and is optionally additionally substituted with hydroxy,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with cyclopropyl and optionally with up to five fluorine atoms,

R 12 represents pyridyl or 2-oxopyridin-1(2H)-yl,

or represents a group of the formula

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with cyclopropyl and optionally with up to five fluorine atoms,

R 2 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, cyclopropyl, methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, methoxy, ethoxy, cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 3 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, hydroxy, nitro, amino, mono-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino, di-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylsulfanyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylsulfinyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, —O—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —O—C(═O)—OR 37a , —NH—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —N(CH 3 )—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —NH—C(═O)—OR 37a , —N(CH 3 )—C(═O)—OR 37a —NH—C(═O)—R 37 , —N(CH 3 )—C(═O)—R 37 , (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, —(CH 2 ) q —C(═O)—NR 34 R 35 , methylcarbonyl, ethylcarbonyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyloxy and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, amino, mono-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino, di-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino, cyano, methoxy, ethoxy, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbony, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted with methyl, ethyl or cyclopropyl and optionally up to two fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy is optionally substituted with cyano, cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms, wherein said (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with hydroxyl, methoxy, ethoxy and optionally up to four fluorine atoms, wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted with hydroxyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy and optionally up to four fluorine atoms, wherein said 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from methyl, ethyl and methoxy and optionally up to four fluorine atoms, wherein q is 0, R 34 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, R 35 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, or R 34 and R 35 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 4- to 7-membered heterocycle,

wherein said 4- to 7-membered heterocycle ring is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a fluorine atom, hydroxy, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, cyclopropyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl and trifluoromethoxy,

wherein R 36 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl, R 37 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or cyclopropyl, R 37a represents methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or cyclopropyl,

with the proviso that if R 3 is —(CH 2 ) q C(═O)—NR 34 R 35 , —O—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —O—C(═O)—OR 37a , —N(CH 3 )—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —NH—C(═O)—OR 37a , —NH—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —N(CH 3 )—C(═O)—OR 37a , —NH—C(═O)—R 37 or —N(CH 3 )—C(═O)—R 37 , then R 7 and R 10 are different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 3 is cyano then R 2 and R 4 are different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 3 is cyano then R 6 and R 9 are different from 6-membered heteroaryl,

or

R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 5- to 6-membered carbocycle, a 5- to 7-membered azaheterocycle, a 5- to 7-membered oxaheterocycle, a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group or a phenyl ring,

wherein said 5- to 7-membered azaheterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from oxo, methyl, ethyl, propyl, trifluoromethyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms, wherein said 5- to 7-membered oxaheterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from oxo, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms, wherein said 5- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, oxo, amino, mono-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino, di-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms, and wherein any phenyl group and any 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group are each optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

with the proviso that if R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached to form a 5- to 7-membered azaheterocycle with a non-substituted nitrogen atom which is not directly attached to the pyrazole, then R 7 and R 10 are different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 7 and R 10 are hydrogen then the nitrogen atom of the 5- to 7-membered azaheterocycle formed by R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached to is substituted with methyl, ethyl or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl,

R 4 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, cyclopropyl, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl and hydroxy,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, methoxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

or

R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 5- to 6-membered carbocycle, a 5- to 7-membered heterocycle, a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group or a phenyl ring,

wherein said 5- to 7-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from oxo, methyl, ethyl, propyl trifluoromethyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms, wherein said 5- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from oxo, hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms, and wherein any phenyl group and any 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group are each optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

with the proviso that if R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 5- to 7-membered heterocycle with a non-substituted nitrogen atom which is not directly attached to the pyrazole, then R 7 and R 10 is different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 7 and R 10 are hydrogen then the nitrogen atom of the 5- to 7-membered heterocycle formed by R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached to is substituted with methyl, ethyl or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl,

or a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a hydrate, a solvate, or a salt thereof, or a mixture of same.

Preference is given to compounds of the formula (I) in which:

R 1 represents a group of the formula

in which

# represents the point of attachment to the amino group,

R 5 represents a group selected from chlorine, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy and (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from methoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, —NR 14 R 15 , cyclopropyl or optionally with up to three fluorine atoms, wherein R 14 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, R 15 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, or R 14 and R 15 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted with methyl or trifluoromethyl or optionally with up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said methoxy and ethoxy are optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms, wherein said (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

R 6 represents pyridyl or (C 5 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl,

or represents a group of the formula

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, methoxy or ethoxy or optionally with up to three fluorine atoms,

with the proviso that if R 5 is methoxy, ethoxy, difluoromethoxy or trifluoromethoxy then R 7 is different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 6 is pyridyl then R 7 is different from hydrogen,

R 8 represents a group selected from chlorine, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy and (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from methoxy —NR 22 R 23 , cyclopropyl or optionally with up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein said methoxy is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms, wherein R 22 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, R 23 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

wherein said methoxy and ethoxy are optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms, and wherein said (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

R 9 represents pyridyl or (C 5 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl,

or represents a group of the formula

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl, 1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl, —NR 28 R 29 or optionally with up to three fluorine atoms and is optionally additionally substituted with hydroxy,

wherein said methyl or ethyl are optionally substituted with cyclopropyl or optionally with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 12 represents a group of the formula

in which

## represents the point of attachment to the pyrazole ring,

R 38d represents a hydrogen atom or fluorine,

R 38e represents a hydrogen atom,

R 39d represents a hydrogen atom or fluorine,

R 39e represents a hydrogen atom,

R 40b represents a hydrogen atom, fluorine, chlorine or cyano,

R 13 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, methyl and cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with cyclopropyl or optionally with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 3 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, hydroxy, nitro, amino, mono-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino, di-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylamino, methylsulfanyl, ethylsulfanyl, methylsulfinyl, ethylsulfinyl, methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, —O—C(═O)—OR 37a , —NH—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —N(CH 3 )—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —NH—C(═O)—OR 37a , (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, 5-membered heteroaryl, —(CH 2 ) q —C(═O)—NR 34 R 35 , methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, cyano, methoxy, ethoxy, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, methylamino, ethylamino, dimethylamino, diethylamino, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle and cyclopropyl and optionally up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted with methyl, ethyl or cyclopropyl and optionally up to two fluorine atoms,

wherein said methoxy and ethoxy are optionally substituted with cyano, cyclopropyl or optionally up to three fluorine atoms, wherein said (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with hydroxy or optionally with up to four fluorine atoms, wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted with hydroxyl or trifluoromethyl or optionally with up to four fluorine atoms, wherein said 5-membered heteroaryl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from methyl and methoxy wherein q is 0, R 34 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, R 35 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, or R 34 and R 35 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle ring

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle ring is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from a fluorine atom, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl and trifluoromethoxy,

wherein R 36 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl, R 37 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or cyclopropyl, R 37a represents methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or cyclopropyl,

with the proviso that if R 3 is —(CH 2 ) q C(═O)—NR 34 R 35 , —O—C(═O)—OR 37a , —NH—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —N(CH 3 )—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 or —NH—C(═O)—OR 37a , then R 7 and R 10 are different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 3 is cyano then R 2 and R 4 are different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 3 is cyano then R 6 and R 9 are different from pyridyl or pyrimidyl,

or

R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered carbocycle, a 5- to 6-membered azaheterocycle, a 5- to 6-membered oxaheterocycle, a 6-membered heteroaryl group or a phenyl ring,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, methyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

wherein said 5- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, oxo, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl or optionally with up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 5- to 6-membered azaheterocycle is optionally substituted with oxo, methyl, ethyl, propyl, trifluoromethyl, tert.-butoxycarbonyl or optionally with up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 5- to 6-membered oxaheterocycle is optionally substituted with oxo, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl or optionally with up to four fluorine atoms,

with the proviso that if R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached to form a 5- to 6-membered azaheterocycle with a non-substituted nitrogen atom which is not directly attached to the pyrazole, then R 7 and R 10 are different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 7 and R 10 are hydrogen then the nitrogen atom of the 5- to 6-membered azaheterocycle formed by R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached to is substituted with methyl, ethyl, methoxycarbonyl or ethoxycarbonyl,

R 4 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, cyclopropyl, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl and hydroxy,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from hydroxy, methoxy and cyclopropyl or optionally with up to three fluorine atoms,

or

R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 5- to 6-membered carbocycle, a 5- to 6-membered heterocycle, a 6-membered heteroaryl group or a phenyl ring,

wherein said 5- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from oxo, methyl, ethyl, propyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, tert.-butoxycarbonyl or optionally with up to four fluorine atoms, wherein said 5- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from oxo, hydroxy, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl or optionally with up to four fluorine atoms, and wherein any phenyl group and any 6-membered heteroaryl group are each optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

with the proviso that if R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 5- to 6-membered heterocycle with a non-substituted nitrogen atom which is not directly attached to the pyrazole, then R 7 and R 10 is different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 7 and R 10 are hydrogen then the nitrogen atom of the 5- to 6-membered heterocycle formed by R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached to is substituted with methyl, ethyl, methoxycarbonyl or ethoxycarbonyl,

or a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a hydrate, a solvate, or a salt thereof, or a mixture of same.

Preference is given to compounds of the formula (I) in which:

R 1 represents a group of the formula

in which

# represents the point of attachment to the amino group,

R 5 represents a group selected from chlorine, methyl, ethyl, methoxy or cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl and ethyl are optionally substituted with methoxy or optionally with up to three fluorine atoms, wherein said methoxy is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 6 represents 5-fluoropyridin-2-yl, 6-trifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl or cyclohexyl,

or represents a group of the formula

or represents a group of the formula

in which

## represents the point of attachment to the pyrazole ring,

R 38b represents a hydrogen atom or fluorine,

R 38c represents a hydrogen atom,

R 39b represents a hydrogen atom,

R 39c represents a hydrogen atom,

R 40a represents a hydrogen atom, fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methylamino, methoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy or cyclopropyl,

wherein said pyridyl is optionally substituted with fluorine, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or methoxy,

R 10 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, 2-cyclopropylethyl, 2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxypropyl, 2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, or cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl and ethyl are optionally substituted with a group selected from cyclopropyl, methoxy or optionally up to three fluorine atoms and is optionally additionally substituted with hydroxy,

R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl or difluoromethyl,

R 3 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, hydroxy, nitro, amino, ethylamino, dimethylamino, —O—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —O—C(═O)—OR 37a , —NH—C(═O)—OR 37a , (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, methoxy, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, 4-membered heterocycle, 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl, 2-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl, —(CH 2 ) q —C(═O)—NR 34 R 35 , methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, methoxy, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, dimethylamino, a 4-membered azaheterocycle and cyclopropyl and optionally up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4-membered azaheterocycle is optionally substituted with up to two fluorine atoms,

wherein said methoxy is optionally substituted with cyano, cyclopropyl and optionally up to three fluorine atoms, wherein said cyclopropyl and cyclobutyl are optionally substituted with hydroxy, wherein said 4-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted with hydroxy, wherein said 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl is optionally substituted with methyl, wherein q is 0, R 34 represents methyl, R 35 represents methyl, or R 34 and R 35 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle ring

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle ring is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from a fluorine atom, methyl, difluoromethyl and trifluoromethyl,

wherein R 36 represents a methyl atom, R 37 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl, R 37a represents methyl,

with the proviso that if R 3 is —(CH 2 ) q C(═O)—NR 34 R 35 O—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —O—C(═O)—OR 37a or —NH—C(═O)—OR 37a , then R 7 and R 10 are different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 3 is cyano then R 2 and R 4 are different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 3 is cyano then R 6 and R 9 are different from pyridyl,

or

R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 5- to 6-membered carbocycle, a pyrrolidinyl, a pyridyl or a phenyl ring,

wherein said 5- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from oxo, methyl, trifluoromethyl and hydroxy,

wherein said pyrrolidinyl is substituted with propyl or tert.-butoxycarbonyl,

R 4 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, methyl, 2-hydroxypropan-2-yl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl and hydroxy,

or

R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 5- to 6-membered carbocycle, a pyrrolidinyl ring or a piperidinyl ring, a pyridyl group or a phenyl ring,

wherein said pyrrolidinyl ring is substituted with propyl or tert-butoxycarbonyl, wherein said piperidinyl ring is substituted with propyl or tert-butoxycarbonyl, wherein said 5- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from oxo, hydroxy and methyl,

or a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a hydrate, a solvate, or a salt thereof, or a mixture of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 1 represents a group of the formula

in which

# represents the point of attachment to the amino group,

R 5 represents a group selected from a halogen atom, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocycle and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, —NR 14 R 15 , (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said cyclopropyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 14 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 15 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 14 and R 15 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 6 represents a phenyl group or (C 4 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a halogen atom, cyano, hydroxy, —(CH 2 ) n NR 16 R 17 , (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and —C(═O)—NR 18 R 19 ,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with cyano and optionally with up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy is optionally substituted with up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein

n represents 0 or 1,

R 16 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with up to five fluorine atoms,

R 17 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with up to five fluorine atoms,

or

R 16 and R 17 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 8-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 8-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 18 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 19 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 18 and R 19 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 8-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 8-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 4 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, a phenyl group, a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylsulfonyl,

wherein any phenyl group and any 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl are each optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a halogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, —NR 20 R 21 , (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy or benzyloxy and optionally with up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

and

wherein

R 20 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 21 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 20 and R 21 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 8 represents a group selected from a halogen atom, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocycle, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyl and a phenyl group,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, —NR 22 R 23 (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said cyclopropyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms

wherein

R 22 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 23 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 22 and R 23 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

and

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a halogen atom, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

R 9 represents a phenyl group, (C 4 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a halogen atom, cyano, hydroxy, —(CH 2 ) m NR 24 R 25 , (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and —C(═O)—NR 26 R 27 ,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with cyano and optionally with up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy is optionally substituted with up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein

m represents 0 or 1,

R 24 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with up to five fluorine atoms,

R 25 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with up to five fluorine atoms,

or

R 24 and R 25 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 26 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 27 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 26 and R 27 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 8-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 8-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 4 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 10 represents a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl a phenyl group or a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group,

wherein any phenyl group and any 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl are each optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a halogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocycle, —NR 28 R 29 , (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy or benzyloxy and optionally with up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

and

wherein

R 28 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 29 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 28 and R 29 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 11 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and cyclopropyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with up to five fluorine atoms,

R 12 represents a phenyl group, a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group, (C 4 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a halogen atom, cyano, hydroxy, —(CH 2 ) p NR 30 R 31 , (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, trifluoromethoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and —C(═O)—NR 32 R 33

wherein said (C 4 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein

p represents 0 or 1,

R 30 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with up to five fluorine atoms,

R 31 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with up to five fluorine atoms,

or

R 30 and R 31 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one,

two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 32 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 33 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 32 and R 33 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 8-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 8-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 13 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and cyclopropyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with up to five fluorine atoms,

R 2 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 3 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, cyano, (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, 3- to 6-membered heterocycle, 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, —(CH 2 ) q C(═O)—NR 34 R 34 R 35 (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein

q represents 0 or 1,

R 34 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 35 represents a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl or phenyl,

or

R 34 and R 35 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 7-membered heterocyclyl ring

wherein said 3- to 7-membered heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a fluorine atom, hydroxy, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, cyclopropyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl and trifluoromethoxy,

or

R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered carbocycle, a 4- to 7-membered heterocycle, a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group or a phenyl ring,

wherein said 4- to 7-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from a fluorine atom, hydroxy, oxo, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from a fluorine atom, hydroxy, oxo, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

and

wherein any phenyl group and any 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group are each optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a halogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

R 4 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and hydroxy,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered carbocycle, a 4- to 7-membered heterocycle, a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group or a phenyl ring,

wherein said 4- to 7-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from a fluorine atom, hydroxy, oxo, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from a fluorine atom, hydroxy, oxo, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylcarbonyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

and

wherein any phenyl group and any 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group are each optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a halogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

or a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a hydrate, a solvate, or a salt thereof, or a mixture of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 1 represents a group of the formula

in which

# represents the point of attachment to the amino group,

R 5 represents a group selected from fluorine, chlorine, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, methylcarbonyl and ethylcarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, —NR 14 R 15 , methoxy, ethoxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said cyclopropyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 14 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 15 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 14 and R 15 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted up to four fluorine atoms,

R 6 represents a phenyl group or cyclohexyl,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, —(CH 2 ) r CN, hydroxy, —NR 16 R 17 , (C 1 -C 3 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 3 )-alkoxy, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl and —C(═O)—NR 18 R 19

wherein said (C 1 -C 3 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 1 -C 3 )-alkoxy is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein

r represents 0 or 1,

R 16 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 17 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 16 and R 17 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 18 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 19 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 18 and R 19 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 8-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 8-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said cyclohexyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,

R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl, methylsulfonyl or ethylsulfonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, —NR 20 R 21 , methoxy, ethoxy or benzyloxy and optionally with up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

and

wherein

R 20 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 21 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 20 and R 21 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 8 represents a group selected from fluorine, chlorine, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle and a phenyl group,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with hydroxy, methoxy, —NR 22 R 23 and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said cyclopropyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms

wherein

R 22 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 23 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 22 and R 23 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted up to four fluorine atoms,

and

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted with fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

R 9 represents a phenyl group, cyclohexyl or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, (CH 2 ) t CN, hydroxy, —NR 24 R 25 , (C 1 -C 3 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 3 )-alkoxy, trifluoromethoxy, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl and —C(═O)—NR 26 R 27

wherein t represents 0 or 1, wherein said (C 1 -C 3 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 1 -C 3 )-alkoxy is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 24 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 25 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 24 and R 25 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 26 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 27 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 26 and R 27 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 5-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 5-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said cyclohexyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 10 represents a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl or (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, —NR 28 R 29 , methoxy, ethoxy or benzyloxy and optionally with up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

and

wherein

R 28 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 29 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 28 and R 29 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 11 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and cyclopropyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with up to five fluorine atoms,

R 12 represents a phenyl group,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, trifluoromethoxy and methoxycarbonyl,

R 13 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and cyclopropyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with up to five fluorine atoms,

R 2 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, cyclopropyl, methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, methoxy, ethoxy, cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 3 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, fluorine, chlorine, cyano, (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, —C(═O)—NR 34 R 35 methylcarbonyl, ethylcarbonyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, cyano, methoxy, ethoxy, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from methyl, ethyl and methoxy and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 34 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 35 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 34 and R 35 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a (C 3 -C 7 )-heterocyclyl ring

wherein said (C 3 -C 7 )-heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from a fluorine atom, hydroxy, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, cyclopropyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl and trifluoromethoxy,

or

R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered carbocycle, a 4- to 7-membered heterocycle, a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group or a phenyl ring,

wherein said 4- to 7-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from oxo, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from oxo, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,

and

wherein any phenyl group and any 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group are each optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

R 4 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, cyclopropyl, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl and hydroxy,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, methoxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

or

R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered carbocycle, a 4- to 7-membered heterocycle, a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group or a phenyl ring,

wherein said 4- to 7-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from oxo, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from oxo, hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,

and

wherein any phenyl group and any 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group are each optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

or a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a hydrate, a solvate, or a salt thereof, or a mixture of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which:

R 1 represents a group of the formula

in which

# represents the point of attachment to the amino group,

R 5 represents a group selected from chlorine, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl and 4- to 6-membered heterocycle,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from methoxy, —NR 14 R 15 , cyclopropyl and optionally up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 14 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 15 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 14 and R 15 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms, wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted up to four fluorine atoms,

R 6 represents a phenyl group,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, cyano, hydroxy, —NR 16 R 17 , methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl and —C(═O)—NR 18 R 19 ,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 16 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 17 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 16 and R 17 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 18 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 19 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 18 and R 19 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,

R 7 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, —NR 20 R 21 and optionally with up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

and

wherein

R 20 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 21 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 20 and R 21 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 8 represents a group selected from chlorine, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl and 4- to 6-membered heterocycle,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from methoxy —NR 22 R 23 , cyclopropyl and optionally up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 22 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 23 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 22 and R 23 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted up to four fluorine atoms,

R 9 represents a phenyl group,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, cyano, hydroxy, —NR 24 R 25 , methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl and —C(═O)—NR 26 R 26 R 27

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 24 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 25 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 24 and R 25 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 26 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 27 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 26 and R 27 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 5-membered heterocycle wherein said 3- to 5-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 10 represents a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl or cyclopropyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, —NR 28 R 29 and optionally with up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms, and

wherein

R 28 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 29 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 28 and R 29 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one, two or three groups selected from (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

R 11 represents cyclopropyl or methyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 12 represents a phenyl group,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine or cyano,

R 13 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, methyl and cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 3 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, fluorine, chlorine, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, —C(═O)—NR 34 R 35 methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from hydroxy, cyano, methoxy, ethoxy, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

wherein said (C 3 -C 5 )-cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from methyl, ethyl and methoxy and optionally up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 34 represents a hydrogen atom or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

R 35 represents (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl,

or

R 34 and R 35 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 3- to 6-membered heterocycle ring

wherein said 3- to 6-membered heterocycle ring is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from a fluorine atom, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl and trifluoromethoxy,

or

R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a phenyl or a 4- to 6-membered carbocycle,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, methyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from oxo, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,

R 4 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, hydroxy and cyclopropyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from hydroxy, methoxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to five fluorine atoms,

or

R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered carbocycle, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group or a phenyl ring,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from oxo, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from oxo, hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl and (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,

and

wherein any phenyl group and any 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group are each optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy,

or a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a hydrate, a solvate, or a salt thereof, or a mixture of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which,

R 1 represents a group of the formula

in which

# represents the point of attachment to the amino group,

R 5 represents a group selected from chlorine, methyl, ethyl, methoxy and cyclopropyl

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from methoxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to three fluorine atoms,

R 6 represents a phenyl group,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl or cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl and ethyl are optionally substituted with cyclopropyl and optionally with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 8 represents a group selected from chlorine, methyl, ethyl, methoxy and cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from methoxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to three fluorine atoms,

R 9 represents a phenyl group,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 10 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl or cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl and ethyl are optionally substituted with cyclopropyl and optionally with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 11 represents cyclopropyl or methyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 12 represents a phenyl group,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine or cyano,

R 13 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, methyl and cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl,

R 3 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, fluorine, chlorine, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, cyclopropyl, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, —C(═O)—NR 34 R 35 , methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from hydroxy, ethoxycarbonyl and cyclopropyl and optionally up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein said 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from methyl, ethyl and methoxy and optionally up to two fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 34 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl or ethyl,

R 35 represents methyl or ethyl,

or

R 34 and R 35 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle ring

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle ring is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from a fluorine atom, methyl, difluoromethyl and trifluoromethyl,

or

R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a phenyl or a 5- to 6-membered carbocycle,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted with one or two fluorine atoms,

wherein said 5- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, with up to four fluorine atoms,

R 4 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, methyl and cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

or

R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 5- to 6-membered carbocycle, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group or a phenyl ring,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms, and

wherein any phenyl group and any 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group are each optionally substituted with one or two fluorine atoms,

or a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a hydrate, a solvate, or a salt thereof, or a mixture of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 1 represents a group of the formula

in which

# represents the point of attachment to the amino group,

R 5 represents a group selected from chlorine, methyl, ethyl, methoxy or cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl and ethyl are optionally substituted with methoxy or optionally with up to three fluorine atoms, wherein said methoxy is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 6 represents 5-fluoropyridin-2-yl, 6-trifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl or cyclohexyl,

or represents a group of the formula

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 1 represents a group of the formula

in which

# represents the point of attachment to the amino group,

R 5 represents a group selected from chlorine, methyl, ethyl, methoxy or cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl and ethyl are optionally substituted with methoxy or optionally with up to three fluorine atoms, wherein said methoxy is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 6 represents 5-fluoropyridin-2-yl, 6-trifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl or cyclohexyl,

or represents a group of the formula

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 5 represents methyl, ethyl or methoxy

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 1 represents group of the formula,

R 8 represents a group selected from chlorine, methyl, ethyl, methoxy and cylcopropyl,

R 9 represents pyridyl or 4-cyanopentacyclo[4.2.0.0 2 ,5.0 3,8 .0 4,7 ]octan-1-yl,

or represents a group of the formula

in which

## represents the point of attachment to the pyrazole ring,

R 38b represents a hydrogen atom or fluorine,

R 38c represents a hydrogen atom,

R 39b represents a hydrogen atom,

R 39c represents a hydrogen atom,

R 40a represents a hydrogen atom, fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methylamino, methoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy or cyclopropyl,

wherein said pyridyl is optionally substituted with fluorine, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or methoxy,

R 10 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, 2-cyclopropylethyl, 2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxypropyl, 2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, or cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl and ethyl are optionally substituted with a group selected from cyclopropyl, methoxy or optionally up to three fluorine atoms and is optionally additionally substituted with hydroxy,

with the proviso that if R 9 is pyridyl then R 10 is different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 8 is methoxy then R 10 is different from hydrogen,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 1 represents group of the formula,

R 8 represents a group selected from chlorine, methyl, ethyl, methoxy and cylcopropyl,

R 9 represents pyridyl or 4-cyanopentacyclo[4.2.0.0 2,5 ,0 3,8 ,0 4,7 ]octan-1-yl,

or represents a group of the formula

in which

## represents the point of attachment to the pyrazole ring,

R 38b represents a hydrogen atom,

R 38c represents a hydrogen atom,

R 39b represents a hydrogen atom,

R 39c represents a hydrogen atom,

R 40a represents a hydrogen atom, fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methylamino, methoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy or cyclopropyl,

wherein said pyridyl is optionally substituted with fluorine, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or methoxy,

R 10 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, 2-cyclopropylethyl, 2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxypropyl, 2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, or cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl and ethyl are optionally substituted with a group selected from cyclopropyl, methoxy or optionally up to three fluorine atoms and is optionally additionally substituted with hydroxy,

with the proviso that if R 9 is pyridyl then R 10 is different from hydrogen,

with the proviso that if R 8 is methoxy then R 10 is different from hydrogen,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 1 represents group of the formula,

R 8 represents a group selected from methyl, ethyl or methoxy,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 9 represents pyridyl

wherein said pyridyl is optionally substituted with fluorine, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or methoxy,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 9 represents 4-cyanopentacyclo[4.2.0.0 2,5 .0 3,8 .0 4,7 ]octan-1-yl,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 1 represents group of the formula,

R 13 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom or methyl,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl or difluoromethyl,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 3 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, hydroxy, nitro, amino, ethylamino, dimethylamino, —O—C(═O)—NR 36 R 37 , —O—C(═O)—OR 37a , —NH—C(═O)—OR 37a , (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, methoxy, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, 4-membered heterocycle, 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl, 2-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl, —(CH 2 ) q —C(═O)—NR 34 R 35 , methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from hydroxy, methoxy, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, dimethylamino, a 4-membered azaheterocycle and cyclopropyl and optionally up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4-membered azaheterocycle is optionally substituted with up to two fluorine atoms,

wherein said methoxy is optionally substituted with cyano, cyclopropyl and optionally up to three fluorine atoms, wherein said cyclopropyl and cyclobutyl are optionally substituted with hydroxy, wherein said 4-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted with hydroxy, wherein said 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl is optionally substituted with methyl, wherein q is 0, R 34 represents methyl, R 35 represents methyl, or R 34 and R 35 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle ring

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle ring is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from a fluorine atom, methyl, difluoromethyl and trifluoromethyl,

wherein R 36 represents a methyl atom, R 37 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl, R 37a represents methyl,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 5- to 6-membered carbocycle, a pyrrolidinyl, a pyridyl or a phenyl ring,

wherein said 5- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one

or two groups selected from oxo, methyl, trifluoromethyl and hydroxy,

wherein said pyrrolidinyl is substituted with propyl or tert.-butoxycarbonyl,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 4 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, methyl, 2-hydroxypropan-2-yl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl and hydroxy,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 5- to 6-membered carbocycle, a pyrrolidinyl ring or a piperidinyl ring, a pyridyl group or a phenyl ring,

wherein said pyrrolidinyl ring is substituted with propyl or tert-butoxycarbonyl,

wherein said piperidinyl ring is substituted with propyl or tert-butoxycarbonyl,

wherein said 5- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from oxo, hydroxy and methyl,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 1 represents group of the formula,

in which

# represents the point of attachment to the amino group,

R 5 represents a group selected from chlorine, methyl, ethyl, methoxy and cyclopropyl

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from methoxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to three fluorine atoms,

R 6 represents a phenyl group,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl or cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl and ethyl are optionally substituted with cyclopropyl and optionally with up to three fluorine atoms,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 1 represents group of the formula,

in which

# represents the point of attachment to the amino group,

R 8 represents a group selected from chlorine, methyl, ethyl, methoxy and cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from methoxy and cyclopropyl and optionally up to three fluorine atoms,

R 9 represents a phenyl group,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 10 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl or cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl and ethyl are optionally substituted with cyclopropyl and optionally with up to three fluorine atoms,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 1 represents group of the formula,

in which

# represents the point of attachment to the amino group,

R 11 represents cyclopropyl or methyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

R 12 represents a phenyl group,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from fluorine, chlorine or cyano,

R 13 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, methyl and cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 2 represents methyl,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 2 represents a hydrogen atom,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 3 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, fluorine, chlorine, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, cyclopropyl, 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl, —C(═O)—NR 34 R 35 , methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from hydroxy, ethoxycarbonyl and cyclopropyl and optionally up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein said 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from methyl, ethyl and methoxy and optionally up to two fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 34 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl or ethyl,

R 35 represents methyl or ethyl,

or

R 34 and R 35 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle ring

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle ring is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from a fluorine atom, methyl, difluoromethyl and trifluoromethyl,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 3 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, chlorine, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, —C(═O)—NR 34 R 35 and ethoxycarbonyl,

wherein said (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl is optionally substituted with a group selected from hydroxyl and ethoxycarbonyl and optionally up to three fluorine atoms,

wherein

R 34 represents methyl or ethyl,

R 35 represents methyl or ethyl,

or

R 34 and R 35 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached form a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle ring

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle ring is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with one or two groups selected from a fluorine atom, methyl, difluoromethyl and trifluoromethyl,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 3 represents a hydrogen atom,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 3 represents chlorine,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a phenyl or a 5- to 6-membered carbocycle,

wherein said phenyl group is optionally substituted with one or two fluorine atoms,

wherein said 5- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted, with up to four fluorine atoms,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a phenyl or a 5- to 6-membered carbocycle,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 4 represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, methyl and cyclopropyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 4 represents methyl,

wherein said methyl is optionally substituted with up to three fluorine atoms,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 4 represents methyl,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 5- to 6-membered carbocycle, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group or a phenyl ring,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms, and

wherein any phenyl group and any 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group are each optionally substituted with one or two fluorine atoms,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 5- to 6-membered carbocycle, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or a phenyl ring,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted, identically or differently, with (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl and optionally up to four fluorine atoms,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered carbocycle is optionally substituted with up to four fluorine atoms, and

wherein any phenyl group and any 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group are each optionally substituted with one or two fluorine atoms,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

Preference is also given to compounds of the formula (I) in which

R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atoms they are attached form a 5- to 6-membered carbocycle, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or a phenyl ring,

wherein said 4- to 6-membered heterocycle is optionally substituted with (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxycarbonyl,

and stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, and mixtures of same.

In a particular further embodiment of the first aspect, the present invention covers combinations of two or more of the above mentioned embodiments under the heading “further embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention”.

The present invention covers any sub-combination within any embodiment or aspect of the present invention of compounds of general formula (I), supra.

The present invention covers the compounds of general formula (I) which are disclosed in the Example Section of this text, infra.

In accordance with a second aspect, the present invention covers methods of preparing compounds of general formula (I) as defined supra, said methods comprising the step

[A] of allowing an intermediate compound of general formula (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C):

in which R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 1 , R 12 and R 13 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

to react in the presence of sodium iodide and a suitable base, with 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (III),

or

to react in the presence of a suitable Broenstedt acid or Lewis acid with 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (III),

or

to react in the presence of a suitable base with 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (III),

or

to react in the presence of a suitable base and in the presence of a suitable catalyst, in particular a suitable palladium catalyst, and a suitable ligand with 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (III),

thereby giving a compound of general formula (IV-A), (IV-B) and (IV-C), respectively:

in which R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

which is allowed to react in the presence of a suitable base and where appropriate in the presence of a suitable catalyst, in particular a suitable palladium catalyst, with a pyrazole of general formula (V),

in which R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

thereby giving a compound of general formula (I-A), (I-B) and (I-C), respectively.

in which R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

then optionally converting said compound into solvates, salts and/or solvates of such salts using the corresponding (i) solvents and/or (ii) bases or acids.

or

[B] of allowing an intermediate compound of general formula (IV-A), (IV-B) or (IV-C):

in which R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

to react in the presence of a hydrazine equivalent, in particular hydrazine monohydrate,

thereby giving a compound of general formula (V-A), (V-B) and (V-C), respectively,

which is allowed to react in the presence of a 1,3 dicarbonyl compound of general formula (VI),

in which R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

thereby giving a compound of general formula (I-A), (I-B) and (I-C), respectively,

in which R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

then optionally converting said compound into solvates, salts and/or solvates of such salts using the corresponding (i) solvents and/or (ii) bases or acids.

or

[C] of allowing an intermediate compound of general formula (IV-A), (IV-B) or (IV-C):

in which R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

to react in the presence of a hydrazine equivalent, in particular hydrazine monohydrate,

thereby giving a compound of general formula (V-A), (V-B) and (V-C), respectively,

which is allowed to react in the presence of a 1,3 dicarbonyl compound of general formula (VII),

in which R 2 and R 3 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra, and

T 1 represents methoxy or ethoxy,

thereby giving a compound of general formula (I-D), (I-E) and (I-F), respectively,

in which R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

then optionally converting said compound into solvates, salts and/or solvates of such salts using the corresponding (i) solvents and/or (ii) bases or acids.

[D] of allowing an intermediate compound of general formula (VIII):

in which R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

to react in the presence of a suitable base with 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (III),

thereby giving a compound of general formula (IX),

in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

which is allowed to react

b) in the presence of a suitable Broenstedt acid or Lewis acid with an intermediate compound of general formula (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C),

or

c) in the presence of a suitable base with an intermediate compound of general formula (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C),

or

d) in the presence of a suitable base and in the presence of a suitable catalyst, in particular a suitable palladium catalyst, and a suitable ligand with an intermediate compound of general formula (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C),

in which R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra, and

thereby giving a compound of general formula (I-A), (I-B) and (I-C), respectively,

in which R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

then optionally converting said compound into solvates, salts and/or solvates of such salts using the corresponding (i) solvents and/or (ii) bases or acids.

or

[E] of allowing 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (III),

to react with a hydrazine equivalent, in particular hydrazine monohydrate,

thereby giving a compound of general formula (X),

which is allowed to react in the presence of a 1,3 dicarbonyl compound of general formula (VI),

in which R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

thereby giving a compound of general formula (VII),

in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

which is allowed to react

b) in the presence of a suitable Broenstedt acid with an intermediate compound of general formula (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C),

or

c) in the presence of a suitable base with an intermediate compound of general formula (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C),

or

d) in the presence of a suitable base and in the presence of a suitable catalyst, in particular a suitable palladium catalyst, and a suitable ligand with an intermediate compound of general formula (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C),

in which R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra, and

thereby giving a compound of general formula (I-A), (I-B) and (I-C), respectively,

in which R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

then optionally converting said compound into solvates, salts and/or solvates of such salts using the corresponding (i) solvents and/or (ii) bases or acids.

or

[F] of allowing compound of general formula (IX),

in which R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

which is allowed to react

b) in the presence of a suitable Broenstedt acid or a suitable base with an intermediate compound of general formula (X),

or

c) in the presence of a suitable base with an intermediate compound of general formula (X)

or

d) in the presence of a suitable base and in the presence of a suitable catalyst, in particular a suitable palladium catalyst, and a suitable ligand with an intermediate compound of general formula (X),

in which R 5 , and R 7 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra, and

thereby giving a compound of general formula (XI),

in which R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 7 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

which is allowed to react in the presence of a suitable base and in the presence of a suitable palladium catalyst with a compound of general formula (XII),

in which R 6 is as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra, and

X is chlorine, bromine, iodine or triflate,

thereby giving a compound of general formula (I-A),

in which R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

then optionally converting said compound into solvates, salts and/or solvates of such salts using the corresponding (i) solvents and/or (ii) bases or acids.

The compounds of the formulae (I-A), (I-B), (I-C), (I-D), (I-E) and (I-F) form a subset of the compounds of the formula (I) according to the invention.

The compounds of the formulae (II-A), (II-B), (II-C), (III), (V), (VI), (VII) and (VIII) are commercially available, known from the literature or can be prepared analogously to processes known from the literature.

The preparation processes described can be illustrated in an exemplary manner by the synthesis schemes below (Schemes 1 to 3):

[a): NaI, DIPEA, DMF, 80° C.; b): DBU, NMP, 190° C.].

[a): Cs 2 CO 3 , DMF, r.t.; b): Pd 2 (dba) 3 , Xantphos, NaOPh, dioxane, 80° C.].

a): Pd 2 (dba) 3 , Xantphos, NaOPh, dioxane, 80° C.; b): PdCl(C 3 H 5 )dppb, KOAc, DMAc, 150° C.

Further preparation processes used for preparing compounds of the present invention can be illustrated in an exemplary manner by the synthesis schemes below (Schemes 8 to 13):

a): THF, 0° C. to rt; b): MgSO 4 , n-Butylacetate AcOH, 0° C. to 110° C.; c): diethyl [bromo(difluoro)methyl]phosphonate, KOH, MeCN/H 2 O, −20° C.; d): NaOH, THF, MeOH, H 2 O, rt; e): diphenylphosporyl azide, NEt 3 , t-BuOH, Toluene, rt to 80° C.; f): TFA, CH 2 Cl 2 , rt. 3

a): aq. Methylamine solution, SiO 2 ; b): difluoroacetic anhydride, NEt 3 , MTBE, 0° C. to rt; c): hydrazine monohydrate, MeOH, −20° C. to rt; d): 4,6-dichloropyrimidine, Cs 2 CO 3 , DMF

a): Nickel (II) chloride dimethoxyethane adduct, 4,4′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′-bipyridine, Ir(F 2 (CF3)ppy] 2 (dtbbpy)PF 6 , tris(trimethyl)silane, LiOH, dimethoxyethane, two 34 W blue LEDs.

a): NaOAc, DMSO, rt; b) L: hydrazine monohydrate, EtOH, rt; c): (6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)hydrazine, EtOH, reflux; d): K 2 CO 3 , MeOH, 0° C.; e): Cs 2 CO 3 , MeI, DMF, rt.

a): Cs 2 CO 3 , DMF, rt; b): Pd(dba) 2 , XantPhos, NaOPh, 85° C.; c): TMSCF 3 , TBAF*H 2 O, THF/toluene, −20° C. to rt.

The present invention covers methods of preparing compounds of the present invention of general formula (I), said methods comprising the steps as described in the Experimental Section herein.

The schemes and procedures described below illustrate synthetic routes to the compounds of general formula (I) of the invention and are not intended to be limiting. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that the order of transformations as exemplified in schemes 1, 2, 3 and 4 can be modified in various ways. The order of transformations exemplified in these schemes is therefore not intended to be limiting.

In addition, interconversion of any of the substituents, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 , R A , T 1 , Q, and X can be achieved before and/or after the exemplified transformations. These modifications can be such as the introduction of protecting groups, cleavage of protecting groups, reduction or oxidation of functional groups, halogenation, metallation, substitution or other reactions known to the person skilled in the art. These transformations include those which introduce a functionality which allows for further interconversion of substituents. Appropriate protecting groups and their introduction and cleavage are well-known to the person skilled in the art (see for example T.W. Greene and P.G.M. Wuts in Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 3 rd edition, Wiley 1999). Specific examples are described in the subsequent paragraphs.

Suitable bases for the process step (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C)+(III)→(IV-A), (IV-B) or (IV-C) and (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C)+(IX)→(I-A), (I-B) or (I-C), when using approach a) or c) are the customary inorganic or organic bases. These preferably include alkali metal hydroxides, for example lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate or caesium carbonate, if appropriate with addition of an alkali metal iodide, for example sodium iodide or potassium iodide, alkali alkoxides such as sodium methoxide or potassium methoxide, sodium ethoxide or potassium ethoxide or sodium tert-butoxide or potassium tert-butoxide, alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride or potassium hydride, amides such as sodium amide, lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or lithium diisopropylamide, or organic amines such as triethylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-methylpiperidine, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP), 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN), 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) or 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO®). Preference is given to using N,N-diisopropylethylamine.

Suitable Broensted acids for the process step (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C)+(III)→(IV-A), (IV-B) or (IV-C) and (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C)+(IX)→(I-A), (I-B) or (I-C), when using approach b) are aqueous hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydrochloric acid in dioxane, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, difluoroacetic, p-toluene sulfonic acid, camphor sulfonic acid, methane sulfonic acid, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid. Preference is given to hydrochloric acid. Suitable A Lewis acid for this process step is tin chloride.

Suitable bases for the process step (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C)+(III)→(IV-A), (IV-B) or (IV-C) and (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C)+(IX)→(I-A), (I-B) or (I-C), and (IX)+(X)→(XI) when using approach d) and for the process step (IV-A), (IV-B) or (IV-C)+(V)→(I-A), (I-B) or (I-C), and for the process step (VIII)+(III)→(IX) are for example, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate or caesium carbonate, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or barium hydroxide, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal phosphates such as potassium phosphate, alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium tert-butoxide or potassium tert-butoxide and sodium methoxide, alkali metal phenoxides such as sodium phenoxide, amides such as sodium amide, lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or lithium diisopropylamide or organic amines such as 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN), 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU); preference is given to sodium phenoxide, caesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium tert-butoxide or potassium tert-butoxide or lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide.

Suitable inert solvents for the process step (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C)+(III)→(IV-A), (IV-B) or (IV-C) and (IX)+(X)→(XI) for example, when using approach a), b, c) are, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene or xylene, ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, bis-(2-methoxyethyl) ether, tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane, or dipolar aprotic solvents such as acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N′-dimethylpropyleneurea (DMPU), N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP) or pyridine. It is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned, optionally also in a mixture with water. Preference is given to using dimethylformamide in a), N-methylpyrrolidinone in b).

Suitable inert solvents for the process step (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C)+(III)→(IV-A), (IV-B) or (IV-C) when using approach d) and for the process step (IV-A), (IV-B) or (IV-C)+(V)→(I-A), (I-B) or (I-C) and for the process steps (IX)+(X)→(XI), (XI)+(XII)→(I-A) and (VIII)+(III)→(IX) are for example, ethers such as 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, di-n-butylether, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, alcohols such as tert-butanol or amyl alcohols or other solvents such as dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), dimethylacetamide (DMA), toluene or acetonitrile, or mixtures of the solvents mentioned; preference is given to dimethylformamide, tert-butanol, 1,4-dioxane or toluene.

Suitable Palladium catalysts for the process step (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C)+(III)→(IV-A), (IV-B) or (IV-C) when using approach d) and for the process step (IV-A), (IV-B) or (IV-C)+(V)→(I-A), (I-B) or (I-C) and for the process steps (VIII)+(III)→(IX), (IX)+(X)→(XI) and (XI)+(XII)→(I-A) are, for example, palladium on activated carbon, palladium(II) acetate, bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium(0), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), bis(triphenyl-phosphine)palladium(II) chloride, bis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) chloride and [1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II) and the corresponding dichloromethane complex, optionally in conjunction with additional phosphane ligands, for example 1,4-Bis(diphenylphosphino)butane-palladium(II) chloride (Pd(dppb)Cl 2 ); Dichloro[1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane]palladium(II) (Pd(dppp)Cl 2 ), [1,1′-Bis(diphenyl-phosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladiu (Pd(dppf)Cl 2 , 2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl (BINAP), (2-biphenyl)di-tert-butylphosphine, dicyclohexyl[2′,4′,6′-tris(1-methylethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]phosphane (XPhos), bis(2-phenylphosphinophenyl) ether (DPEphos) or 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (Xantphos) [cf., for example, Hassan J. et al., Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 1359-1469], 2-(dicyclohexylphosphine)-3,6-dimethoxy-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl (BrettPhos), 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl (SPhos), 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,6′-diisopropoxybiphenyl (RuPhos), 2-(di-t-butylphosphino)-3-methoxy-6-methyl-2′,4′,6′-tri-i-propyl-1,1′-biphenyl (RockPhos) and 2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl (tert-ButylXPhos). It is furthermore possible to use appropriate precatalysts such as chloro-[2-(dicyclohexylphosphine)-3,6-dimethoxy-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl][2-(2-aminoethyl)-phenyl]palladium(II) (BrettPhos precatalyst) [cf., for example, S. L. Buchwald et al., Chem. Sci. 2013, 4, 916], optionally in combination with additional phosphane ligands such as 2-(dicyclohexylphosphine)-3,6-dimethoxy-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl (BrettPhos); preference is given to bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium(0) in combination with 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (Xantphos) and chloro-[2-(dicyclohexylphosphine)-3,6-dimethoxy-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl][2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl]-palladium(II) (BrettPhos precatalyst) or a mixture of chloro-[2-(dicyclohexylphosphine)-3,6-dimethoxy-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl][2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl]palladium(II) (BrettPhos precatalyst) and 2-(dicyclohexylphosphine)-3,6-dimethoxy-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl (BrettPhos).

The process steps (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C)+(III)→(IV-A), (IV-B) or (IV-C) and (IX)+(X)→(XI) are generally carried out when using approach a) in a temperature range of from −10° C. to +220° C., preferably in a) from +60° C. to +100° C., at atmospheric pressure; in b) and c) from +60° C. to +220° C.; in d)+10° C. to +150° C. However, it is also possible to carry out the reaction at reduced or at elevated pressure (for example at from 0.5 to 5 bar). It may optionally be advantageous to carry out the reaction with microwave irradiation.

The process step (IV-A), (IV-B) or (IV-C)+(V)→(I-A), (I-B) or (I-C) and the process step (VIII)+(III)→(IX) are generally carried out in a temperature range of from −10° C. to +220° C., preferably in a) from +60° C. to +150° C. However, it is also possible to carry out the reaction at reduced or at elevated pressure (for example at from 0.5 to 5 bar). It may optionally be advantageous to carry out the reaction with microwave irradiation.

The process step (XI)+(XII)→(I-A) is generally carried out in a temperature range of from −20° C. to +250° C., preferably in a) from +80° C. to +150° C. However, it is also possible to carry out the reaction at reduced or at elevated pressure (for example at from 0.5 to 5 bar). It may optionally be advantageous to carry out the reaction with microwave irradiation.

Suitable inert solvents for the process step (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C)+hydrazine or hydrazine equivalent→(V-A), (V-B) or (V-C) and (IV-A), (IV-B) or (IV-C)+hydrazine or hydrazine equivalent→(V-A), (V-B) or (V-C) and (III)+hydrazine or hydrazine equivalent→(X) are ethers such as 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, di-n-butylether, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, alcohols such as tert-butanol or amyl alcohols or other solvents such as dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), dimethylacetamide (DMA), toluene or acetonitrile, or mixtures of the solvents mentioned; preference is given to dimethylformamide, tert-butanol, 1,4-dioxane or toluene.

The process step (II-A), (II-B) or (II-C)+hydrazine or hydrazine equivalent→(V-A), (V-B) or (V-C) and (IV-A), (IV-B) or (IV-C)+hydrazine or hydrazine equivalent→(V-A), (V-B) or (V-C) and (III)+hydrazine or hydrazine equivalent→(X) is generally carried out in a temperature range of from −20° C. to +250° C., preferably in from +50° C. to +120° C., at atmospheric pressure. However, it is also possible to carry out the reaction at reduced or at elevated pressure (for example at from 0.5 to 5 bar). It may optionally be advantageous to carry out the reaction with microwave irradiation.

Suitable inert solvents for the process step (V-A), (V-B) or (V-C)+(VII)→(I-A), (I-B) or (I-C) and (V-A), (V-B) or (V-C)+(VI)→(I-D), (I-E) or (I-F) and (X)+(VI)→(IX) are ethers such as 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, di-n-butylether, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, alcohols such as tert-butanol or amyl alcohols or other solvents such as dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), dimethylacetamide (DMA), toluene or acetonitrile, or mixtures of the solvents mentioned; preference is given to ethanol.

The process step (V-A), (V-B) or (V-C)+(VI)→(I-A), (I-B) or (I-C) and (V-A), (V-B) or (V-C)+(VI)→(I-D), (I-E) or (I-F) and (X)+(VI)→(IX) is generally carried out in a temperature range of from −20° C. to +250° C., preferably in from +50° C. to +120° C., at atmospheric pressure. However, it is also possible to carry out the reaction at reduced or at elevated pressure (for example at from 0.5 to 5 bar). It may optionally be advantageous to carry out the reaction with microwave irradiation.

The compounds of the formula (II-A) and (II-B) are known from the literature or can be prepared by reacting a compound of the formula (XIII),

in which R 6 is as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra, and

in which R 9 is as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra, and

T 2 represents chlorine, methoxy, ethoxy or phenoxy

in the presence of a suitable base, with a compound of general formula (XIV),

thereby giving a compound of general formula (XV),

in which R 6 and R 6 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

which is allowed

[G] to react with a hydrazine equivalent, in particular hydrazine monohydrate,

thereby giving a compound of general formula (II-A1),

in which R 6 and R 6 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

or

[H] to react in the presence of a suitable base with dimethyl sulfate

thereby giving a compound of general formula (XVI),

in which R 6 and R 6 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

which is then allowed to react with a hydrazine equivalent, in particular hydrazine monohydrate,

thereby giving a compound of general formula (II-A1),

in which R 6 and R 6 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

which is then allowed to react with a compound of general formula (XVII),

in which R 36 and R 37 are methyl or preferably form a phenyl ring together with the atoms they are attached to,

thereby giving a compound of general formula (XVIII-1),

in which R 5 and R 6 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra, and

R 36 and R 37 are methyl or preferably form a phenyl ring together with the atoms they are attached to,

which is then in the presence of a suitable base allowed to react with a compound of general formula (XIX),

in which R 7 is as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra, and

X represents a suitable leaving group, in particular chlorine, bromine, iodine, mesylate, triflate or tosylate,

thereby giving a compound of general formula (XX-1),

in which R 5 , R 6 and R 6 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra, and

R 36 and R 37 are methyl or preferably form a phenyl ring together with the atoms they are attached to,

which is the allowed to react with a hydrazine equivalent, in particular hydrazine monohydrate.

In the process steps (XV)+hydrazine or hydrazine equivalent→(II-A1) and (XVI)+hydrazine or hydrazine equivalent→(II-A1) the corresponding tautomere (II-B1)

in which R 9 and R 8 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra, given that R 6 is R 9 and R 5 is R 8 is also formed as a person skilled in the art would expect. As a consequence the tautomeres of (XX-1) and (XVIII-1) which are (XVIII-2) and (XX-2), respectively, are formed in the following process steps.

in which R 9 and R 8 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra, given that R 6 is R 9 and R 5 is R 8

The process described is illustrated in an exemplary manner by the schemes below (Scheme 4-6):

[a): LiHMDS, THF, r.t.; b): Hydrazine Monohydrate, EtOH, reflux; c): NaI, DIPEA, DMF, 80° C.; d): DBU, NMP, 190° C.].

[a): Dimethyl sulfate, dioaxne/water, NaHCO 3 , reflux b): Hydrazine Monohydrate, 2-propanol, reflux].

[a): AcOH, reflux; b): MeI, K 2 CO 3 , DMF, r.t. c): Hydrazine Monohydrate, EtOH, 80° C.].

The compounds of the formula (II-C) are known from the literature or can be prepared by reacting a compound of the formula (XXI),

in which R 11 and R 13 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

in the presence of a suitable base and in the presence of a suitable copper salt with a compound of general formula (XXII),

in which R 12 is as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra, and

T 3 and T 4 are defined as hydrogen, methyl or they form a 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane ring together with the atoms they are attached to.

thereby giving a compound of general formula (XXIII),

in which R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are as defined for the compound of general formula (I) as defined supra,

which is then hydrogenated in the presence of iron and hydrochloric acid, hydrogen/palladium, iron and ammonium chloride, hydrogen/platinum dioxide or acetic acid/zinc.

The compounds of the formulae (XIII), (XIV), (XV), (XVII), (XIX), (XXI) and (XXII) are commercially available, known from the literature or can be prepared analogously to processes known from the literature.

The process described is illustrated in an exemplary manner by the scheme below (Scheme 7):

[a): Cu(OAc) 2 , pyridine, DCM, molecular sieves, r.t.; b): Fe, HCl, MeOH, reflux].

Starting materials are either commercially available or can be prepared according to procedures available from the public domain, as understandable to the person skilled in the art. Specific examples are described in the Experimental Section.

Suitable inert solvents for the process step (XIII)+(XIV)→(XV) for example, are aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene or xylene, ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, bis-(2-methoxyethyl) ether, tetrahydrofurane or 1,4-dioxane. It is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned, optionally also in a mixture with water. Preference is given to using tetrahydrofurane in a) ethanol in b).

Suitable bases for the process step (XIII)+(XIV)→(XV) are for example, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate or caesium carbonate, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or barium hydroxide, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal phosphates such as potassium phosphate, alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium tert-butoxide or potassium tert-butoxide and sodium methoxide, alkali metal phenoxides such as sodium phenoxide, amides such as sodium amide, lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or lithium diisopropylamide or organic amines such as 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN), 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU); preference is given to lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide.

The process (XIII)+(XIV)→(XV) is generally carried out in a temperature range of from −80° C. to +220° C., preferably in a) from 0° C. to +60° C.

Suitable inert solvents for the process steps (XV)+hydrazine or hydrazine equivalent→(II-A1), (XVI)+hydrazine or hydrazine equivalent→(II-A1) and (XX)+hydrazine or hydrazine equivalent→(II-A) are ethers such as 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, di-n-butylether, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, tert-butanol or amyl alcohols or other solvents such as dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), dimethylacetamide (DMA), toluene or acetonitrile, or mixtures of the solvents mentioned; preference is given to ethanol and 2-propanol.

The process steps (XV)+hydrazine or hydrazine equivalent→(II-A1), (XVI)+hydrazine or hydrazine equivalent→(II-A1) and (XX-1)+hydrazine or hydrazine equivalent→(II-A) are generally carried out in a temperature range of from −20° C. to the respective boiling point of the solvent, preferably in from +50° C. to +120° C., at atmospheric pressure. However, it is also possible to carry out the reaction at reduced or at elevated pressure (for example at from 0.5 to 5 bar). It may optionally be advantageous to carry out the reaction with microwave irradiation.

Suitable inert solvents for the process step (XV)→(XVI) are, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene or xylene, ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, bis-(2-methoxyethyl) ether, tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane, or dipolar aprotic solvents such as acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N′-dimethylpropyleneurea (DMPU), N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP) or pyridine. It is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned, optionally also in a mixture with water. Preference is given to using 1,4-dioxane or a mixture of 1,4-dioxane and water.

Suitable bases for the process step (XV)→(XVI) are for example, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen carbonate, or caesium carbonate, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or barium hydroxide, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal phosphates such as potassium phosphate, alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium tert-butoxide or potassium tert-butoxide and sodium methoxide, alkali metal phenoxides such as sodium phenoxide, amides such as sodium amide, lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or lithium diisopropylamide or organic amines such as 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN), 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU); preference is given to sodium hydrogen carbonate.

The process step (XV)→(XVI) is generally carried out in a temperature range of from −20° C. to the respective boiling point of the solvent, preferably in from +50° C. to the respective boiling point of the solvent, at atmospheric pressure. However, it is also possible to carry out the reaction at reduced or at elevated pressure (for example at from 0.5 to 5 bar). It may optionally be advantageous to carry out the reaction with microwave irradiation.

Suitable inert solvents for the process steps (II-A1)+(XVII)→(XVIII) are acids like acetic acid, ethers such as 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, di-n-butylether, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, alcohols such as tert-butanol or amyl alcohols or other solvents such as dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), dimethylacetamide (DMA), toluene or acetonitrile, or mixtures of the solvents mentioned; preference is given to acetic acid.

The process step (II-A1)+(XVII)→(XVIII-1) is generally carried out in a temperature range of from −20° C. to the respective boiling point of the solvent, preferably in from +50° C. to +150° C., at atmospheric pressure. However, it is also possible to carry out the reaction at reduced or at elevated pressure (for example at from 0.5 to 5 bar). It may optionally be advantageous to carry out the reaction with microwave irradiation.

Inert solvents for the process step (XVIII-1)+(XIX)→(XX-1) are, for example, halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, trichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene or chlorobenzene, ethers such as diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, hexane, cyclohexane or mineral oil fractions, or other solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulphoxide, N,N′-dimethylpropyleneurea (DMPU), N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) or pyridine. It is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Preference is given to using dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulphoxide.

Suitable bases for the process step (XVIII-1)+(XIX)→(XX-1) are the customary inorganic or organic bases. These preferably include alkali metal hydroxides, for example lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate or caesium carbonate, if appropriate with addition of an alkali metal iodide, for example sodium iodide or potassium iodide, alkali alkoxides such as sodium methoxide or potassium methoxide, sodium ethoxide or potassium ethoxide or sodium tert-butoxide or potassium tert-butoxide, alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride or potassium hydride, amides such as sodium amide, lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or lithium diisopropylamide, or organic amines such as triethylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-methylpiperidine, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP), 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN), 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) or 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO®). Preference is given to using potassium carbonate, caesium carbonate or sodium methoxide.

The reaction is generally carried out in a temperature range of from 0° C. to +120° C., preferably at from +20° C. to +80° C., if appropriate in a microwave. The reaction can be carried out at atmospheric, elevated or reduced pressure (for example from 0.5 to 5 bar).

Suitable inert solvents for the process step (XXI)+(XXII)→(XXIII) are, ethers such as diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, hexane, cyclohexane or mineral oil fractions, halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, trichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichloroethylene or chlorobenzene, or other solvents such as acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, pyridine, dimethyl sulphoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N′-dimethylpropyleneurea (DMPU) or N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). It is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Preference is given to using dichloromethane.

Suitable bases for the process step (XXI)+(XXII)→(XXIII) are the customary inorganic or organic bases. These preferably include alkali metal hydroxides, for example lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate or caesium carbonate, if appropriate with addition of an alkali metal iodide, for example sodium iodide or potassium iodide, alkali alkoxides such as sodium methoxide or potassium methoxide, sodium ethoxide or potassium ethoxide or sodium tert-butoxide or potassium tert-butoxide, alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride or potassium hydride, amides such as sodium amide, lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide or lithium diisopropylamide, or organic amines such as triethylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-methylpiperidine, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP), 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN), 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) or 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO®). Preference is given to using pyridine

Suitable copper salts for the process step (XXI)+(XXII)→(XXIII) are copper(II) acetate, copper(I) oxide/oxygen, copper(I) iodide/oxygen, iron and palladium, copper(II) bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate) Preference is given to using copper acetate copper acetate.

The reaction is generally carried out in a temperature range of from 0° C. to the respective boiling point of the solvent, preferably from +20° C. to +80° C., if appropriate in a microwave. The reaction can be carried out at atmospheric, elevated or reduced pressure (for example from 0.5 to 5 bar).

Suitable inert solvents for the process steps (XXIII)→(II-C) are ethers such as 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, di-n-butylether, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, alcohols such as tert-butanol or amyl alcohols or other solvents such as dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), dimethylacetamide (DMA), toluene or acetonitrile, or mixtures of the solvents mentioned; preference is given to acetic acid.

The reaction is generally carried out in a temperature range of from 0° C. to the respective boiling point of the solvent, preferably from +20° C. to +100° C., if appropriate in a microwave. The reaction can be carried out at atmospheric, elevated or reduced pressure (for example from 0.5 to 5 bar).

Further compounds according to the invention can optionally also be prepared by converting functional groups of individual substituents, in particular those listed under R 1 , starting with the compounds of the formula (I) obtained by the above processes. These conversions are carried out by customary methods known to the person skilled in the art and include, for example, reactions such as nucleophilic and electrophilic substitutions, oxidations, reductions, hydrogenations, transition metal-catalyzed coupling reactions, eliminations, alkylation, amination, esterification, ester cleavage, etherification, ether cleavage, formation of carboxamides, and also the introduction and removal of temporary protective groups.

The compounds of general formula (I) of the present invention can be converted to any salt, preferably pharmaceutically acceptable salts, as described herein, by any method which is known to the person skilled in the art. Similarly, any salt of a compound of general formula (I) of the present invention can be converted into the free compound, by any method which is known to the person skilled in the art.

Compounds of general formula (I) of the present invention demonstrate a valuable pharmacological spectrum of action which could not have been predicted. Compounds of the present invention have surprisingly been found to effectively reduce plasma phosphate levels and increase urinary Pi excretion due to their Npt2a inhibition potential. Moreover the compounds of the present invention have surprisingly been found to effectively inhibit vascular calcification and to reduce FGF-23 and parathyroid hormone levels significantly by inhibiting Npt2a. It is possible therefore that said compounds can be used for the treatment or prophylaxis of diseases, preferably soft tissue calcification disorders in humans and animals.

Compounds of the present invention can be utilized to prevent and/or treat diseases and/or conditions associated with hyperphosphatemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic kidney disease associated calcification, non-chronic kidney disease associated calcification, media calcifications including Moenckeberg's medial sclerosis, atherosclerosis, intima calcification, CKD associated heart hypertrophy, CKD associated renal dystrophy, osteoporosis, post-menopausal osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus II, chronic renal disease, aging, hypophosphaturia, hyperparathyroidism, Vitamin D disorders, Vitamin K deficiency, Vitamin K-antagonist coagulants, Kawasaki disease, ACDC (arterial calcification due to deficiency of CD73), GACI (generalized arterial calcification of infancy), IBGC (idiopathic basal ganglia calcification), PXE (pseudoxanthoma elasticum), rheumatoid arthritis, Singleton-Merten syndrome, P-thalassemia, calciphylaxis, heterotrophic ossification, preterm placental calcification, calcification of the uterus, calcified uterine fibroids, morbus fahr, mircocalcification and calcification of the aortic valve. This method comprises administering to a mammal in need thereof, including a human, an amount of a compound of this invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, isomer, polymorph, metabolite, hydrate, solvate or ester thereof; which is effective to treat the disorder.

The present invention also provides methods of treating diseases and/or conditions associated with hyperphosphatemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic kidney disease associated calcification, non-chronic kidney disease associated calcification, media calcifications including Moenckeberg's medial sclerosis, atherosclerosis, intima calcification, CKD associated heart hypertrophy, CKD associated renal dystrophy, osteoporosis, post-menopausal osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus II, chronic renal disease, aging, hypophosphaturia, hyperparathyroidism, Vitamin D disorders, Vitamin K deficiency, Vitamin K-antagonist coagulants, Kawasaki disease, ACDC (arterial calcification due to deficiency of CD73), GACI (generalized arterial calcification of infancy), IBGC (idiopathic basal ganglia calcification), PXE (pseudoxanthoma elasticum), rheumatoid arthritis, Singleton-Merten syndrome, P-thalassemia, calciphylaxis, heterotrophic ossification, preterm placental calcification, calcification of the uterus, calcified uterine fibroids, morbus fahr, mircocalcification and calcification of the aortic valve.

These disorders have been well characterized in humans, but also exist with a similar etiology in other mammals, and can be treated by administering pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention.

The term “treating” or “treatment” as used in the present text is used conventionally, e.g., the management or care of a subject for the purpose of combating, alleviating, reducing, relieving, improving the condition of a disease or disorder, such as soft tissue calcification, e.g. chronic kidney disease associated calcification, non-chronic kidney disease associated calcification, and any associated condition.

In accordance with a further aspect, the present invention covers compounds of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same, for use in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases.

In accordance with a further embodiment, the present invention covers compounds of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same, for use in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases and/or conditions associated with hyperphosphatemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic kidney disease associated calcification, non-chronic kidney disease associated calcification, media calcifications including Moenckeberg's medial sclerosis, atherosclerosis, intima calcification, CKD associated heart hypertrophy, CKD associated renal dystrophy, osteoporosis, post-menopausal osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus II, chronic renal disease, aging, hypophosphaturia, hyperparathyroidism, Vitamin D disorders, Vitamin K deficiency, Vitamin K-antagonist coagulants, Kawasaki disease, ACDC (arterial calcification due to deficiency of CD73), GACI (generalized arterial calcification of infancy), IBGC (idiopathic basal ganglia calcification), PXE (pseudoxanthoma elasticum), rheumatoid arthritis, Singleton-Merten syndrome, P-thalassemia, calciphylaxis, heterotrophic ossification, preterm placental calcification, calcification of the uterus, calcified uterine fibroids, morbus fahr, mircocalcification and calcification of the aortic valve.

The pharmaceutical activity of the compounds according to the invention can be explained by their activity as Npt2a Inhibitors.

In accordance with a further aspect, the present invention covers the use of compounds of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same, for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases, in particular diseases and/or conditions associated with hyperphosphatemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic kidney disease associated calcification, non-chronic kidney disease associated calcification, media calcifications including Moenckeberg's medial sclerosis, atherosclerosis, intima calcification, CKD associated heart hypertrophy, CKD associated renal dystrophy, osteoporosis, post-menopausal osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus II, chronic renal disease, aging, hypophosphaturia, hyperparathyroidism, Vitamin D disorders, Vitamin K deficiency, Vitamin K-antagonist coagulants, Kawasaki disease, ACDC (arterial calcification due to deficiency of CD73), GACI (generalized arterial calcification of infancy), IBGC (idiopathic basal ganglia calcification), PXE (pseudoxanthoma elasticum), rheumatoid arthritis, Singleton-Merten syndrome, P-thalassemia, calciphylaxis, heterotrophic ossification, preterm placental calcification, calcification of the uterus, calcified uterine fibroids, morbus fahr, mircocalcification and calcification of the aortic valve.

In accordance with a further aspect, the present invention covers the use of compounds of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same, in a method of treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases, in particular diseases and/or conditions associated with hyperphosphatemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic kidney disease associated calcification, non-chronic kidney disease associated calcification, media calcifications including Moenckeberg's medial sclerosis, atherosclerosis, intima calcification, CKD associated heart hypertrophy, CKD associated renal dystrophy, osteoporosis, post-menopausal osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus II, chronic renal disease, aging, hypophosphaturia, hyperparathyroidism, Vitamin D disorders, Vitamin K deficiency, Vitamin K-antagonist coagulants, Kawasaki disease, ACDC (arterial calcification due to deficiency of CD73), GACI (generalized arterial calcification of infancy), IBGC (idiopathic basal ganglia calcification), PXE (pseudoxanthoma elasticum), rheumatoid arthritis, Singleton-Merten syndrome, P-thalassemia, calciphylaxis, heterotrophic ossification, preterm placental calcification, calcification of the uterus, calcified uterine fibroids, morbus fahr, mircocalcification and calcification of the aortic valve.

In accordance with a further aspect, the present invention covers the use of a compound of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same, for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition, preferably a medicament, for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases, in diseases and/or conditions associated with hyperphosphatemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic kidney disease associated calcification, non-chronic kidney disease associated calcification, media calcifications including Moenckeberg's medial sclerosis, atherosclerosis, intima calcification, CKD associated heart hypertrophy, CKD associated renal dystrophy, osteoporosis, post-menopausal osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus II, chronic renal disease, aging, hypophosphaturia, hyperparathyroidism, Vitamin D disorders, Vitamin K deficiency, Vitamin K-antagonist coagulants, Kawasaki disease, ACDC (arterial calcification due to deficiency of CD73), GACI (generalized arterial calcification of infancy), IBGC (idiopathic basal ganglia calcification), PXE (pseudoxanthoma elasticum), rheumatoid arthritis, Singleton-Merten syndrome, P-thalassemia, calciphylaxis, heterotrophic ossification, preterm placental calcification, calcification of the uterus, calcified uterine fibroids, morbus fahr, mircocalcification and calcification of the aortic valve.

In accordance with a further aspect, the present invention covers a method of treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases, in diseases and/or conditions associated with hyperphosphatemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic kidney disease associated calcification, non-chronic kidney disease associated calcification, media calcifications including Moenckeberg's medial sclerosis, atherosclerosis, intima calcification, CKD associated heart hypertrophy, CKD associated renal dystrophy, osteoporosis, post-menopausal osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus II, chronic renal disease, aging, hypophosphaturia, hyperparathyroidism, Vitamin D disorders, Vitamin K deficiency, Vitamin K-antagonist coagulants, Kawasaki disease, ACDC (arterial calcification due to deficiency of CD73), GACI (generalized arterial calcification of infancy), IBGC (idiopathic basal ganglia calcification), PXE (pseudoxanthoma elasticum), rheumatoid arthritis, Singleton-Merten syndrome, P-thalassemia, calciphylaxis, heterotrophic ossification, preterm placental calcification, calcification of the uterus, calcified uterine fibroids, morbus fahr, mircocalcification and calcification of the aortic valve, using an effective amount of a compound of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same.

In accordance with a further aspect, the present invention covers pharmaceutical compositions, in particular a medicament, comprising a compound of general formula (I), as described supra, or a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a hydrate, a solvate, a salt thereof, particularly a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a mixture of same, and one or more excipients, in particular one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipient(s). Conventional procedures for preparing such pharmaceutical compositions in appropriate dosage forms can be utilized.

The present invention furthermore covers pharmaceutical compositions, in particular medicaments, which comprise at least one compound according to the invention, conventionally together with one or more pharmaceutically suitable excipients, and to their use for the above mentioned purposes.

The compounds of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same, are suitable for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases and/or conditions associated with hyperphosphatemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic kidney disease associated calcification, non-chronic kidney disease associated calcification, media calcifications including Moenckeberg's medial sclerosis, atherosclerosis, intima calcification, CKD associated heart hypertrophy, CKD associated renal dystrophy, osteoporosis, post-menopausal osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus II, chronic renal disease, aging, hypophosphaturia, hyperparathyroidism, Vitamin D disorders, Vitamin K deficiency, Vitamin K-antagonist coagulants, Kawasaki disease, ACDC (arterial calcification due to deficiency of CD73), GACI (generalized arterial calcification of infancy), IBGC (idiopathic basal ganglia calcification), PXE (pseudoxanthoma elasticum), rheumatoid arthritis, Singleton-Merten syndrome, P-thalassemia, calciphylaxis, heterotrophic ossification, preterm placental calcification, calcification of the uterus, calcified uterine fibroids, morbus fahr, mircocalcification and calcification of the aortic valve. The compounds of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same, are also suitable for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The compounds of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same, are also suitable for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of soft tissue calcification disorders. The compounds of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same, are also suitable for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of chronic kidney disease associated calcification disorders and non-chronic kidney disease associated calcification disorders.

The compounds of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same, are suitable for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of cardiovascular and of renal disorders, in particular of diseases and/or conditions associated with hyperphosphatemia, soft tissue calcification, chronic kidney disease (CKD), soft tissue calcification, in particular chronic kidney disease associated calcification and non-chronic kidney disease associated calcification, and also of chronic renal disease.

Within the meaning of the present invention, the term renal insufficiency comprises both acute and chronic manifestations of renal insufficiency, and also underlying or related renal disorders such as diabetic and non-diabetic nephropathies, hypertensive nephropathies, ischaemic renal disorders, renal hypoperfusion, intradialytic hypotension, obstructive uropathy, renal stenoses, glomerulopathies, glomerulonephritis (such as, for example, primary glomerulonephritides; minimal change glomerulonephritis (lipoidnephrosis); membranous glomerulonephritis; focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS); membrane-proliferative glomerulonephritis; crescentic glomerulonephritis; mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (IgA nephritis, Berger's disease); post-infectious glomerulonephritis; secondary glomerulonephritides: diabetes mellitus, lupus erythematosus, amyloidosis, Goodpasture syndrome, Wegener granulomatosis, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, microscopic polyangiitis, acute glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis (for example as a result of: urolithiasis, benign prostate hyperplasia, diabetes, malformations, abuse of analgesics, Crohn's disease), glomerulosclerosis, arteriolonecrose of the kidney, tubulointerstitial diseases, nephropathic disorders such as primary and congenital or acquired renal disorder, Alport syndrome, nephritis, immunological kidney disorders such as kidney transplant rejection and immunocomplex-induced renal disorders, nephropathy induced by toxic substances, nephropathy induced by contrast agents, diabetic and non-diabetic nephropathy, renal cysts, nephrosclerosis, hypertensive nephrosclerosis and nephrotic syndrome which can be characterized diagnostically, for example by abnormally reduced creatinine and/or water excretion, abnormally elevated blood concentrations of urea, nitrogen, potassium and/or creatinine, altered activity of renal enzymes, for example glutamyl synthetase, altered urine osmolarity or urine volume, elevated microalbuminuria, macroalbuminuria, lesions on glomerulae and arterioles, tubular dilatation, hyperphosphataemia and/or the need for dialysis. The present invention also comprises the use of the compounds according to the invention for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of sequelae of renal insufficiency, for example pulmonary oedema, heart failure, uremia, anemia, electrolyte disturbances (for example hypercalemia, hyponatremia) and disturbances in bone and carbohydrate metabolism.

The compounds of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same, can also be used for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of sequelae of renal insufficiency, for example pulmonary oedema, heart failure, uraemia, anaemia, electrolyte disturbances (for example hyperkalaemia, hyponatraemia) and disturbances in bone and carbohydrate metabolism.

The compounds of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same, can also be used for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of metabolic syndrome, hypertension, resistant hypertension, acute and chronic heart failure, coronary heart disease, stable and unstable angina pectoris, peripheral and cardiac vascular disorders, for treatment and/or prophylaxis of thromboembolic disorders and ischaemias such as myocardial ischaemia, myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiac hypertrophy, transient and ischaemic attacks, preeclampsia, inflammatory cardiovascular disorders, spasms of the coronary arteries and peripheral arteries, oedema formation, for example pulmonary oedema, cerebral oedema, renal oedema or oedema caused by heart failure, peripheral circulatory disturbances, reperfusion damage, arterial and venous thromboses, myocardial insufficiency, endothelial dysfunction, to prevent restenoses, for example after thrombolysis therapies, percutaneous transluminal angioplasties (PTA), transluminal coronary angioplasties (PTCA), heart transplants and bypass operations, and also micro- and macrovascular damage (vasculitis), increased levels of fibrinogen and of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and increased concentrations of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and also for treatment and/or prophylaxis of erectile dysfunction and female sexual dysfunction.

The compounds of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same, can also be used for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and other forms of pulmonary hypertension (PH) including left-heart disease, thromboembolisms (CTEPH), sarcoidosis, COPD or pulmonary fibrosis-associated pulmonary hypertension, chronic-obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Due to their activity and selectivity profile, the compounds of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same, are believed to be particularly suitable for the treatment and/or prevention preeclampsia, peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), Raynaud's syndrome, dysmenorrhea, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, proliferative vitroretinopathy and disorders of the connective tissue (for example sarcoidosisdiabetic, inflammatory or hypertensive nephropaties, fibrotic disorders, cardiac insufficiency, angina pectoris, hypertension, ischemias, vascular disorders, thromboembolic disorders, erectile dysfunction, dementia and Alzheimer.

The compounds of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same, are suitable in particular for improving perception, concentration, learning or memory after cognitive impairments like those occurring in particular in association with situations/diseases/syndromes such as mild cognitive impairment, age-associated learning and memory impairments, age-associated memory losses, vascular dementia, craniocerebral trauma, stroke, dementia occurring after strokes (post stroke dementia), post-traumatic craniocerebral trauma, general concentration impairments, concentration impairments in children with learning and memory problems.

The compounds of general formula (I), as described supra, or stereoisomers, tautomers, hydrates, solvates, and salts thereof, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures of same, are furthermore also suitable for controlling cerebral blood flow and thus represent effective agents for controlling migraines. They are also suitable for the prophylaxis and control of sequelae of cerebral infarction (cerebral apoplexy) such as stroke, cerebral ischaemia and craniocerebral trauma. The compounds according to the invention can likewise be used for controlling states of pain and tinnitus.

The present invention further provides a method for treatment and/or prophylaxis of disorders, in particular the disorders mentioned above, using an effective amount of at least one of the compounds according to the invention.

It is possible for the compounds according to the invention to have systemic and/or local activity. For this purpose, they can be administered in a suitable manner, such as, for example, via the oral, parenteral, pulmonary, nasal, sublingual, lingual, buccal, rectal, vaginal, dermal, transdermal, conjunctival, otic route or as an implant or stent.

For these administration routes, it is possible for the compounds according to the invention to be administered in suitable administration forms.

For oral administration, it is possible to formulate the compounds according to the invention to dosage forms known in the art that deliver the compounds of the invention rapidly and/or in a modified manner, such as, for example, tablets (uncoated or coated tablets, for example with enteric or controlled release coatings that dissolve with a delay or are insoluble), orally-disintegrating tablets, films/wafers, films/lyophylisates, capsules (for example hard or soft gelatine capsules), sugar-coated tablets, granules, pellets, powders, emulsions, suspensions, aerosols or solutions. It is possible to incorporate the compounds according to the invention in crystalline and/or amorphised and/or dissolved form into said dosage forms.

Parenteral administration can be effected with avoidance of an absorption step (for example intravenous, intraarterial, intracardial, intraspinal or intralumbal) or with inclusion of absorption (for example intramuscular, subcutaneous, intracutaneous, percutaneous or intraperitoneal). Administration forms which are suitable for parenteral administration are, inter alia, preparations for injection and infusion in the form of solutions, suspensions, emulsions, lyophylisates or sterile powders.

Examples which are suitable for other administration routes are pharmaceutical forms for inhalation [inter alia powder inhalers, nebulizers], nasal drops, nasal solutions, nasal sprays; tablets/films/wafers/capsules for lingual, sublingual or buccal administration; suppositories; eye drops, eye ointments, eye baths, ocular inserts, ear drops, ear sprays, ear powders, ear-rinses, ear tampons; vaginal capsules, aqueous suspensions (lotions, mixturae agitandae), lipophilic suspensions, emulsions, ointments, creams, transdermal therapeutic systems (such as, for example, patches), milk, pastes, foams, dusting powders, implants or stents.

The compounds according to the invention can be incorporated into the stated administration forms. This can be effected in a manner known per se by mixing with pharmaceutically suitable excipients. Pharmaceutically suitable excipients include, inter alia,

fillers and carriers (for example cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose (such as, for example, Avicel®), lactose, mannitol, starch, calcium phosphate (such as, for example, Di-Cafos®)),

ointment bases (for example petroleum jelly, paraffins, triglycerides, waxes, wool wax, wool wax alcohols, lanolin, hydrophilic ointment, polyethylene glycols),

bases for suppositories (for example polyethylene glycols, cacao butter, hard fat),

solvents (for example water, ethanol, isopropanol, glycerol, propylene glycol, medium chain-length triglycerides fatty oils, liquid polyethylene glycols, paraffins),

surfactants, emulsifiers, dispersants or wetters (for example sodium dodecyl sulfate), lecithin, phospholipids, fatty alcohols (such as, for example, Lanette®), sorbitan fatty acid esters (such as, for example, Span®), polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters (such as, for example, Tween®), polyoxyethylene fatty acid glycerides (such as, for example, Cremophor®), polyoxethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers, glycerol fatty acid esters, poloxamers (such as, for example, Pluronic®),

buffers, acids and bases (for example phosphates, carbonates, citric acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide solution, ammonium carbonate, trometamol, triethanolamine),

isotonicity agents (for example glucose, sodium chloride),

adsorbents (for example highly-disperse silicas),

viscosity-increasing agents, gel formers, thickeners and/or binders (for example polyvinylpyrrolidone, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose-sodium, starch, carbomers, polyacrylic acids (such as, for example, Carbopol®); alginates, gelatine),

disintegrants (for example modified starch, carboxymethylcellulose-sodium, sodium starch glycolate (such as, for example, Explotab®), cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, croscarmellose-sodium (such as, for example, AcDiSol®)),

flow regulators, lubricants, glidants and mould release agents (for example magnesium stearate, stearic acid, talc, highly-disperse silicas (such as, for example, Aerosil®)),

coating materials (for example sugar, shellac) and film formers for films or diffusion membranes which dissolve rapidly or in a modified manner (for example polyvinylpyrrolidones (such as, for example, Kollidon®), polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate phthalate, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates such as, for example, Eudragit®)),

capsule materials (for example gelatine, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose),

synthetic polymers (for example polylactides, polyglycolides, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates (such as, for example, Eudragit®), polyvinylpyrrolidones (such as, for example, Kollidon®), polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl acetates, polyethylene oxides, polyethylene glycols and their copolymers and blockcopolymers),

plasticizers (for example polyethylene glycols, propylene glycol, glycerol, triacetine, triacetyl citrate, dibutyl phthalate),

penetration enhancers,

stabilisers (for example antioxidants such as, for example, ascorbic acid, ascorbyl palmitate, sodium ascorbate, butylhydroxyanisole, butylhydroxytoluene, propyl gallate),

preservatives (for example parabens, sorbic acid, thiomersal, benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine acetate, sodium benzoate),

colourants (for example inorganic pigments such as, for example, iron oxides, titanium dioxide),

flavourings, sweeteners, flavour- and/or odour-masking agents.

The present invention furthermore relates to a pharmaceutical composition which comprise at least one compound according to the invention, conventionally together with one or more pharmaceutically suitable excipient(s), and to their use according to the present invention.

In accordance with another aspect, the present invention covers pharmaceutical combinations, in particular medicaments, comprising at least one compound of general formula (I) of the present invention and at least one or more further active ingredients, in particular for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases and/or conditions associated with hyperphosphatemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), soft tissue calcification, chronic kidney disease associated calcification, non-chronic kidney disease associated calcification, media calcifications including Moenckeberg's medial sclerosis, atherosclerosis, intima calcification, CKD associated heart hypertrophy, CKD associated renal dystrophy, osteoporosis, post-menopausal osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus II, chronic renal disease, aging, hypophosphaturia, hyperparathyroidism, Vitamin D disorders, Vitamin K deficiency, Vitamin K-antagonist coagulants, Kawasaki disease, ACDC (arterial calcification due to deficiency of CD73), GACI (generalized arterial calcification of infancy), IBGC (idiopathic basal ganglia calcification), PXE (pseudoxanthoma elasticum), rheumatoid arthritis, Singleton-Merten syndrome, P-thalassemia, calciphylaxis, heterotrophic ossification, preterm placental calcification, calcification of the uterus, calcified uterine fibroids, morbus fahr, mircocalcification and calcification of the aortic valve.

An embodiment of the invention are pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one compound of formula (I) according to the invention, preferably together with at least one inert, non-toxic, pharmaceutically suitable auxiliary, and the use of these pharmaceutical compositions for the above cited purposes.

Particularly, the present invention covers a pharmaceutical combination, which comprises:

one or more first active ingredients, in particular compounds of general formula (I) as defined supra, and one or more further active ingredients, in particular for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases and/or conditions associated with hyperphosphatemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), soft tissue calcification, chronic kidney disease associated calcification, non-chronic kidney disease associated calcification, media calcifications including Moenckeberg's medial sclerosis, atherosclerosis, intima calcification, CKD associated heart hypertrophy, CKD associated renal dystrophy, osteoporosis, post-menopausal osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus II, chronic renal disease, aging, hypophosphaturia, hyperparathyroidism, Vitamin D disorders, Vitamin K deficiency, Vitamin K-antagonist coagulants, Kawasaki disease, ACDC (arterial calcification due to deficiency of CD73), GACI (generalized arterial calcification of infancy), IBGC (idiopathic basal ganglia calcification), PXE (pseudoxanthoma elasticum), rheumatoid arthritis, Singleton-Merten syndrome, P-thalassemia, calciphylaxis, heterotrophic ossification, preterm placental calcification, calcification of the uterus, calcified uterine fibroids, morbus fahr, mircocalcification and calcification of the aortic valve.

The term “combination” in the present invention is used as known to persons skilled in the art, it being possible for said combination to be a fixed combination, a non-fixed combination or a kit-of-parts.

A “fixed combination” in the present invention is used as known to persons skilled in the art and is defined as a combination wherein, for example, a first active ingredient, such as one or more compounds of general formula (I) of the present invention, and a further active ingredient are present together in one unit dosage or in one single entity. One example of a “fixed combination” is a pharmaceutical composition wherein a first active ingredient and a further active ingredient are present in admixture for simultaneous administration, such as in a formulation. Another example of a “fixed combination” is a pharmaceutical combination wherein a first active ingredient and a further active ingredient are present in one unit without being in admixture.

A non-fixed combination or “kit-of-parts” in the present invention is used as known to persons skilled in the art and is defined as a combination wherein a first active ingredient and a further active ingredient are present in more than one unit. One example of a non-fixed combination or kit-of-parts is a combination wherein the first active ingredient and the further active ingredient are present separately. It is possible for the components of the non-fixed combination or kit-of-parts to be administered separately, sequentially, simultaneously, concurrently or chronologically staggered.

The compounds of the present invention can be administered as the sole pharmaceutical agent or in combination with one or more other pharmaceutically active ingredients where the combination causes no unacceptable adverse effects. The present invention also covers such pharmaceutical combinations. For example, the compounds of the present invention can be combined with known agents of the same indication treatment group, such as agents used for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases and/or conditions associated with hyperphosphatemia, elevated plasma FGF23 levels, chronic kidney disease (CKD), soft tissue calcification, chronic kidney disease associated calcification, non-chronic kidney disease associated calcification, media calcifications including Moenckeberg's medial sclerosis, atherosclerosis, intima calcification, CKD associated heart hypertrophy, CKD associated renal dystrophy, osteoporosis, post-menopausal osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus II, chronic renal disease, aging, hypophosphaturia, hyperparathyroidism, Vitamin D disorders, Vitamin K deficiency, Vitamin K-antagonist coagulants, Kawasaki disease, ACDC (arterial calcification due to deficiency of CD73), GACI (generalized arterial calcification of infancy), IBGC (idiopathic basal ganglia calcification), PXE (pseudoxanthoma elasticum), rheumatoid arthritis, Singleton-Merten syndrome, P-thalassemia, calciphylaxis, heterotrophic ossification, preterm placental calcification, calcification of the uterus, calcified uterine fibroids, morbus fahr, mircocalcification and calcification of the aortic valve.

The inventive compounds can be employed alone or, if required, in combination with other active ingredients. The present invention further provides medicaments comprising at least one of the inventive compounds and one or more further active ingredients, especially for treatment and/or prophylaxis of the aforementioned disorders. Preferred examples of suitable active ingredient combinations include:

organic nitrates and NO donors, for example sodium nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, isosorbide mononitrate, isosorbide dinitrate, molsidomine or SIN-1, and inhaled NO;

compounds which inhibit the breakdown of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), for example inhibitors of phosphodiesterases (PDE) 1, 2 and/or 5, especially PDE 5 inhibitors such as sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil, udenafil, desantafil, avanafil, mirodenafil, lodenafil or PF-00489791;

antithrombotic agents, by way of example and with preference from the group of the platelet aggregation inhibitors, the anticoagulants or the profibrinolytic substances;

hypotensive active ingredients, by way of example and with preference from the group of the calcium antagonists, angiotensin AII antagonists, ACE inhibitors, NEP-inhibitors, vasopeptidase-inhibitors, endothelin antagonists, renin inhibitors, alpha-receptor blockers, beta-receptor blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, rho-kinase-inhibitors and the diuretics;

antiarrhythmic agents, by way of example and with preference from the group of sodium channel blocker, beta-receptor blocker, potassium channel blocker, calcium antagonists, If-channel blocker, digitalis, parasympatholytics (vagoliytics), sympathomimetics and other antiarrhythmics as adenosin, adenosine receptor agonists as well as vernakalant;

positive-inotrop agents, by way of example cardiac glycoside (Dogoxin), beta-adrenergic and dopaminergic agonists, such as isoprenalin, adrenalin, noradrenalin, dopamin or dobutamin;

vasopressin-rezeptor-antagonists, by way of example and with preference from the group of conivaptan, tolvaptan, lixivaptan, mozavaptan, satavaptan, SR-121463, RWJ 676070 or BAY 86-8050, as well as the compounds described in WO 2010/105770, WO2011/104322 and WO 2016/071212;

active ingredients which alter lipid metabolism, for example and with preference from the group of the thyroid receptor agonists, cholesterol synthesis inhibitors such as, by way of example and preferably, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors or squalene synthesis inhibitors, of ACAT inhibitors, CETP inhibitors, MTP inhibitors, PPAR-alpha, PPAR-gamma and/or PPAR-delta agonists, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, lipase inhibitors, polymeric bile acid adsorbents, bile acid reabsorption inhibitors and lipoprotein(a) antagonists.

bronchodilatory agents, for example and with preference from the group of the beta-adrenergic rezeptor-agonists, such as, by way of example and preferably, albuterol, isoproterenol, metaproterenol, terbutalin, formoterol or salmeterol, or from the group of the anticholinergics, such as, by way of example and preferably, ipratropiumbromid;

anti-inflammatory agents, for example and with preference from the group of the glucocorticoids, such as, by way of example and preferably, prednison, prednisolon, methylprednisolon, triamcinolon, dexamethason, beclomethason, betamethason, flunisolid, budesonid or fluticason as well as the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs), by way of example and preferably, acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin), ibuprofen and naproxen, 5-amino salicylic acid-derivates, leukotriene-antagonists, TNF-alpha-inhibitors and chemokin-receptor antagonists, such as CCR1, 2 and/or 5 inhibitors;

agents that inhibit the signal transductions cascade, for example and with preference from the group of the kinase inhibitors, by way of example and preferably, from the group of the tyrosine kinase- and/or serine/threonine kinase inhibitors;

agents, that inhibit the degradation and modification of the extracellular matrix, for example and with preference from the group of the inhibitors of the matrix-metalloproteases (MMPs), by way of example and preferably, inhibitors of chymasee, stromelysine, collagenases, gelatinases and aggrecanases (with preference from the group of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-11 and MMP-13) as well as of the metallo-elastase (MMP-12) and neutrophil-elastase (HNE), as for example sivelestat or DX-890;

agents, that block the bindung of serotonin to its receptor, for example and with preference antagonists of the 5-HT 2b -receptor;

organic nitrates and NO-donators, for example and with preference sodium nitroprussid, nitroglycerine, isosorbid mononitrate, isosorbid dinitrate, molsidomine or SIN-1, as well as inhaled NO;

NO-independent, but heme-dependent stimulators of the soluble guanylate cyclase, for example and with preference the compounds described in WO 00/06568, WO 00/06569, WO 02/42301, WO 03/095451, WO 2011/147809, WO 2012/004258, WO 2012/028647 and WO 2012/059549;

NO-independent and heme-independent activators of the soluble guanylate cyclase, for example and with preference the compounds described in WO 01/19355, WO 01/19776, WO 01/19778, WO 01/19780, WO 02/070462 and WO 02/070510 beschriebenen Verbindungen;

agents, that stimulates the synthesis of cGMP, wie beispielsweise sGC Modulatoren, for example and with preference riociguat, cinaciguat, vericiguat or BAY 1101042;

prostacyclin-analogs, for example and with preference iloprost, beraprost, treprostinil or epoprostenol;

agents, that inhibit soulble epoxidhydrolase (sEH), for example and with preference N,N′-Dicyclohexyl urea, 12-(3-Adamantan-1-yl-ureido)-dodecanic acid or 1-Adamantan-1-yl-3-{5-[2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethoxy]pentyl}-urea;

agents that interact with glucose metabolism, for example and with preference insuline, biguanide, thiazolidinedione, sulfonyl urea, acarbose, DPP4 inhibitors, GLP-1 analogs or SGLT-1 inhibitors;

natriuretic peptides, for example and with preference atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), natriuretic peptide type B (BNP, Nesiritid) natriuretic peptide type C (CNP) or urodilatin;

activators of the cardiac myosin, for example and with preference omecamtiv mecarbil (CK-1827452);

calcium-sensitizers, for example and with preference levosimendan;

agents that affect the energy metabolism of the heart, for example and with preference etomoxir, dichloroacetat, ranolazine or trimetazidine, full or partial adenosine A1 receptor agonists such as GS-9667 (formerly known as CVT-3619), capadenoson, neladenoson and BAY 1067197;

agents that affect the heart rate, for example and with preference ivabradin;

Antithrombotic agents are preferably understood to mean compounds from the group of the platelet aggregation inhibitors, the anticoagulants or the profibrinolytic substances.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a platelet aggregation inhibitor, by way of example and with preference aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor, ticlopidin or dipyridamole.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a thrombin inhibitor, by way of example and with preference ximelagatran, dabigatran, melagatran, bivalirudin or clexane.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a GPIIb/IIIa antagonist such as, by way of example and with preference, tirofiban or abciximab.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a factor Xa inhibitor, by way of example and with preference rivaroxaban (BAY 59-7939), DU-176b, apixaban, betrixaban, otamixaban, fidexaban, razaxaban, letaxaban, eribaxaban, fondaparinux, idraparinux, PMD-3112, darexaban (YM-150), KFA-1982, EMD-503982, MCM-17, MLN-1021, DX 9065a, DPC 906, JTV 803, SSR-126512 or SSR-128428.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with heparin or with a low molecular weight (LMW) heparin derivative.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a vitamin K antagonist, by way of example and with preference coumarin.

Hypotensive agents are preferably understood to mean compounds from the group of the calcium antagonists, angiotensin AII antagonists, ACE inhibitors, endothelin antagonists, renin inhibitors, alpha-receptor blockers, beta-receptor blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, rho-kinase inhibitors and the diuretics.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a calcium antagonist, by way of example and with preference nifedipine, amlodipine, verapamil or diltiazem.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with an alpha-1-receptor blocker, by way of example and with preference prazosin.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a beta-receptor blocker, by way of example and with preference propranolol, atenolol, timolol, pindolol, alprenolol, oxprenolol, penbutolol, bupranolol, metipranolol, nadolol, mepindolol, carazalol, sotalol, metoprolol, betaxolol, celiprolol, bisoprolol, carteolol, esmolol, labetalol, carvedilol, adaprolol, landiolol, nebivolol, epanolol or bucindolol.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with an angiotensin AII antagonist, by way of example and with preference losartan, candesartan, valsartan, telmisartan or embusartan or a dual angiotensin AII antagonist/neprilysin-inhibitor, by way of example and with preference LCZ696 (valsartan/sacubitril).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with an ACE inhibitor, by way of example and with preference enalapril, captopril, lisinopril, ramipril, delapril, fosinopril, quinopril, perindopril or trandopril.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with an endothelin antagonist, by way of example and with preference bosentan, darusentan, ambrisentan or sitaxsentan.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a renin inhibitor, by way of example and with preference aliskiren, SPP-600 or SPP-800.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, by way of example and with preference spironolactone or eplerenone.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a loop diuretic, for example furosemide, torasemide, bumetanide and piretanide, with potassium-sparing diuretics, for example amiloride and triamterene, with aldosterone antagonists, for example spironolactone, potassium canrenoate and eplerenone, and also thiazide diuretics, for example hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, xipamide and indapamide.

Lipid metabolism modifiers are preferably understood to mean compounds from the group of the CETP inhibitors, thyroid receptor agonists, cholesterol synthesis inhibitors such as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors or squalene synthesis inhibitors, the ACAT inhibitors, MTP inhibitors, PPAR-alpha, PPAR-gamma and/or PPAR-delta agonists, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, polymeric bile acid adsorbents, bile acid reabsorption inhibitors, lipase inhibitors and the lipoprotein(a) antagonists.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a CETP inhibitor, by way of example and with preference dalcetrapib, anacetrapib, torcetrapib (CP-529 414), JJT-705 or CETP vaccine (Avant).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a thyroid receptor agonist, by way of example and with preference D-thyroxine, 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3), CGS 23425 or axitirome (CGS 26214).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor from the class of statins, by way of example and with preference lovastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, fluvastatin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin or pitavastatin.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a squalene synthesis inhibitor, by way of example and with preference BMS-188494 or TAK-475.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with an ACAT inhibitor, by way of example and with preference avasimibe, melinamide, pactimibe, eflucimibe or SMP-797.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with an MTP inhibitor, by way of example and with preference implitapide, BMS-201038, R-103757 or JTT-130.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a PPAR-gamma agonist, by way of example and with preference pioglitazone or rosiglitazone.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a PPAR-delta agonist, by way of example and with preference GW 501516 or BAY 68-5042.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a cholesterol absorption inhibitor, by way of example and with preference ezetimibe, tiqueside or pamaqueside.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a lipase inhibitor, a preferred example being orlistat.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a polymeric bile acid adsorbent, by way of example and with preference cholestyramine, colestipol, colesolvam, CholestaGel or colestimide.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a bile acid reabsorption inhibitor, by way of example and with preference ASBT (=IBAT) inhibitors, for example AZD-7806, S-8921, AK-105, BARI-1741, SC-435 or SC-635.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a lipoprotein(a) antagonist, by way of example and with preference, gemcabene calcium (CI-1027) or nicotinic acid.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with a lipoprotein(a) antagonist, by way of example and with preference, gemcabene calcium (CI-1027) or nicotinic acid.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with sGC modulators, by way of example and with preference, riociguat, cinaciguat or vericiguat.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with an agent affecting the glucose metabolism, by way of example and with preference, insuline, a sulfonyl urea, acarbose, DPP4 inhibitors, GLP-1 analogs or SGLT-1 inhibitors.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a TGFbeta antagonist, by way of example and with preference pirfenidone or fresolimumab.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a CCR2 antagonist, by way of example and with preference CCX-140.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a TNFalpha antagonist, by way of example and with preference adalimumab.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a galectin-3 inhibitor, by way of example and with preference GCS-100.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a Nrf-2 inhibitor, by way of example and with preference bardoxolone In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a BMP-7 agonist, by way of example and with preference THR-184.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a NOX1/4 inhibitor, by way of example and with preference GKT-137831.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a medicament which affects the vitamin D metabolism, by way of example and with preference calcitriol, alfacalcidol, doxercalciferol, maxacalcitol, paricalcitol, cholecalciferol or paracalcitol.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a cytostatic agent, by way of example and with preference cyclophosphamide.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with an immunosuppressive agent, by way of example and with preference ciclosporin.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a phosphate binder, by way of example and with preference colestilan, sevelamer hydrochloride and sevelamer carbonate, Lanthanum and lanthanum carbonate.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with renal proximal tubule sodium-phosphate co-transporter, by way of example and with preference, niacin or nicotinamide.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a calcimimetic for therapy of hyperparathyroidism.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with agents for iron deficit therapy, by way of example and with preference iron products.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with agents for the therapy of hyperurikaemia, by way of example and with preference allopurinol or rasburicase.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with glycoprotein hormone for the therapy of anaemia, by way of example and with preference erythropoietin.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with biologics for immune therapy, by way of example and with preference abatacept, rituximab, eculizumab or belimumab.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with vasopressin antagonists (group of the vaptanes) for the treatment of heart failure, by way of example and with preference tolvaptan, conivaptan, lixivaptan, mozavaptan, satavaptan or relcovaptan.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with Jak inhibitors, by way of example and with preference ruxolitinib, tofacitinib, baricitinib, CYT387, GSK2586184, lestaurtinib, pacritinib (SB1518) or TG101348.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with prostacyclin analogs for therapy of microthrombi.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with an alkali therapy, by way of example and with preference sodium bicarbonate.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with an mTOR inhibitor, by way of example and with preference everolimus or rapamycin.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with an NHE3 inhibitor, by way of example and with preference AZD 1722 or tenapanor.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with an eNOS modulator, by way of example and with preference sapropterin.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a CTGF inhibitor, by way of example and with preference FG-3019.

In a particular preferred embodiment of the invention, the inventive compounds are administered in combination with one or more further agents selected from the group of the hypotensive active compounds, of the antiinflammatory agents/immunosuppressive agents, the phosphate binders, the sodium-phosphate co-transporters, NHE3 inhibitors, antiarrhythmic agents, agents that alter lipid metabolism and/or the active compounds which modulate vitamin D metabolism.

Based upon standard laboratory techniques known to evaluate compounds useful for the treatment of diseases and/or conditions associated with hyperphosphatemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic kidney disease associated calcification, non-chronic kidney disease associated calcification, media calcifications including Moenckeberg's medial sclerosis, atherosclerosis, intima calcification, CKD associated heart hypertrophy, CKD associated renal dystrophy, osteoporosis, post-menopausal osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus II, chronic renal disease, aging, hypophosphaturia, hyperparathyroidism, Vitamin D disorders, Vitamin K deficiency, Vitamin K-antagonist coagulants, Kawasaki disease, ACDC (arterial calcification due to deficiency of CD73), GACI (generalized arterial calcification of infancy), IBGC (idiopathic basal ganglia calcification), PXE (pseudoxanthoma elasticum), rheumatoid arthritis, Singleton-Merten syndrome, P-thalassemia, calciphylaxis, heterotrophic ossification, preterm placental calcification, calcification of the uterus, calcified uterine fibroids, morbus fahr, mircocalcification and calcification of the aortic valve, by standard toxicity tests and by standard pharmacological assays for the determination of treatment of the conditions identified above in mammals, and by comparison of these results with the results of known active ingredients or medicaments that are used to treat these conditions, the effective dosage of the compounds of the present invention can readily be determined for treatment of each desired indication. The amount of the active ingredient to be administered in the treatment of one of these conditions can vary widely according to such considerations as the particular compound and dosage unit employed, the mode of administration, the period of treatment, the age and sex of the patient treated, and the nature and extent of the condition treated.

The total amount of the active ingredient to be administered will generally range from about 0.001 mg/kg to about 200 mg/kg body weight per day, and preferably from about 0.01 mg/kg to about 50 mg/kg body weight per day, and more preferably from about 0.01 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg body weight per day. Clinically useful dosing schedules will range from one to three times a day dosing to once every four weeks dosing. In addition, it is possible for “drug holidays”, in which a patient is not dosed with a drug for a certain period of time, to be beneficial to the overall balance between pharmacological effect and tolerability. It is possible for a unit dosage to contain from about 0.5 mg to about 1500 mg of active ingredient, and can be administered one or more times per day or less than once a day. The average daily dosage for administration by injection, including intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous and parenteral injections, and use of infusion techniques will preferably be from 0.01 to 200 mg/kg of total body weight. The average daily rectal dosage regimen will preferably be from 0.01 to 200 mg/kg of total body weight. The average daily vaginal dosage regimen will preferably be from 0.01 to 200 mg/kg of total body weight. The average daily topical dosage regimen will preferably be from 0.1 to 200 mg administered between one to four times daily. The transdermal concentration will preferably be that required to maintain a daily dose of from 0.01 to 200 mg/kg. The average daily inhalation dosage regimen will preferably be from 0.01 to 100 mg/kg of total body weight. The average daily oral dosage regimen will preferably be from 0.01 to 30 mg/kg of total body weight.

Of course the specific initial and continuing dosage regimen for each patient will vary according to the nature and severity of the condition as determined by the attending diagnostician, the activity of the specific compound employed, the age and general condition of the patient, time of administration, route of administration, rate of excretion of the drug, drug combinations, and the like. The desired mode of treatment and number of doses of a compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester or composition thereof can be ascertained by those skilled in the art using conventional treatment tests.

Nevertheless, it may optionally be necessary to deviate from the stated amounts, namely depending on body weight, route of administration, individual response to the active substance, type of preparation and time point or interval when application takes place. Thus, in some cases it may be sufficient to use less than the aforementioned minimum amount, whereas in other cases the stated upper limit must be exceeded. When applying larger amounts, it may be advisable to distribute these in several individual doses throughout the day.

According to a further embodiment, the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention are administered orally once or twice or three times a day. According to a further embodiment, the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention are administered orally once or twice a day. According to a further embodiment, the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention are administered orally once a day. For the oral administration, a rapid release or a modified release dosage form may be used.

The following table 1 lists the abbreviations used in this paragraph and in the Examples section as far as they are not explained within the text body. Other abbreviations have their meanings customary per se to the skilled person.

Other abbreviations not specified herein have their meanings customary to the skilled person.

The various aspects of the invention described in this application are illustrated by the following examples which are not meant to limit the invention in any way.

The example testing experiments described herein serve to illustrate the present invention and the invention is not limited to the examples given.

Experimental Section—General Part

All reagents, for which the synthesis is not described in the experimental part, are either commercially available, or are known compounds or may be formed from known compounds by known methods by a person skilled in the art.

The compounds and intermediates produced according to the methods of the invention may require purification. Purification of organic compounds is well known to the person skilled in the art and there may be several ways of purifying the same compound. In some cases, no purification may be necessary. In some cases, the compounds may be purified by crystallization. In some cases, impurities may be stirred out using a suitable solvent. In some cases, the compounds may be purified by chromatography, particularly flash column chromatography, using for example prepacked silica gel cartridges, e.g. Biotage SNAP cartidges KP-Sil® or KP-NH® in combination with a Biotage autopurifier system (SP4® or Isolera Four®) and eluents such as gradients of hexane/ethyl acetate or DCM/methanol. In some cases, the compounds may be purified by preparative HPLC using for example a Waters autopurifier equipped with a diode array detector and/or on-line electrospray ionization mass spectrometer in combination with a suitable prepacked reverse phase column and eluents such as gradients of water and acetonitrile which may contain additives such as trifluoroacetic acid, formic acid or aqueous ammonia.

In some cases, purification methods as described above can provide those compounds of the present invention which possess a sufficiently basic or acidic functionality in the form of a salt, such as, in the case of a compound of the present invention which is sufficiently basic, a trifluoroacetate or formate salt for example, or, in the case of a compound of the present invention which is sufficiently acidic, an ammonium salt for example. A salt of this type can either be transformed into its free base or free acid form, respectively, by various methods known to the person skilled in the art, or be used as salts in subsequent biological assays. It is to be understood that the specific form (e.g. salt, free base etc.) of a compound of the present invention as isolated and as described herein is not necessarily the only form in which said compound can be applied to a biological assay in order to quantify the specific biological activity.

NMR peak forms are stated as they appear in the spectra, possible higher order effects have not been considered.

The 1 H-NMR data of selected compounds are listed in the form of 1 H-NMR peaklists. For each signal peak the 6 value in ppm is given, followed by the signal intensity, reported in round brackets. The 6 value-signal intensity pairs from different peaks are separated by commas. Therefore, a peaklist is described by the general form: δ 1 (intensity 1 ), δ 2 (intensity 2 ), . . . , δ i (intensity i ), . . . , δ n (intensity n ).

The intensity of a sharp signal correlates with the height (in cm) of the signal in a printed NMR spectrum. When compared with other signals, this data can be correlated to the real ratios of the signal intensities. In the case of broad signals, more than one peak, or the center of the signal along with their relative intensity, compared to the most intense signal displayed in the spectrum, are shown. A 1 H-NMR peaklist is similar to a classical 1 H-NMR readout, and thus usually contains all the peaks listed in a classical NMR interpretation. Moreover, similar to classical 1 H-NMR printouts, peaklists can show solvent signals, signals derived from stereoisomers of target compounds (also the subject of the invention), and/or peaks of impurities. The peaks of stereoisomers, and/or peaks of impurities are typically displayed with a lower intensity compared to the peaks of the target compounds (e.g., with a purity of >90%). Such stereoisomers and/or impurities may be typical for the particular manufacturing process, and therefore their peaks may help to identify the reproduction of our manufacturing process on the basis of “by-product fingerprints”. An expert who calculates the peaks of the target compounds by known methods (MestReC, ACD simulation, or by use of empirically evaluated expectation values), can isolate the peaks of target compounds as required, optionally using additional intensity filters. Such an operation would be similar to peak-picking in classical 1 H-NMR interpretation. A detailed description of the reporting of NMR data in the form of peaklists can be found in the publication “Citation of NMR Peaklist Data within Patent Applications” (cf. Research Disclosure Database Number 605005, 2014, 1 Aug. 2014, or http://www.researchdisclosure.com/searching-disclosures). In the peak picking routine, as described in the Research Disclosure Database Number 605005, the parameter “MinimumHeight” can be adjusted between 1% and 4%. Depending on the chemical structure and/or depending on the concentration of the measured compound it may be reasonable to set the parameter “MinimumHeight”<1%.

Chemical names were generated using the ACD/Name software from ACD/Labs. In some cases generally accepted names of commercially available reagents were used in place of ACD/Name generated names.

Reactions employing microwave irradiation may be run with a Biotage Initator® microwave oven optionally equipped with a robotic unit. The reported reaction times employing microwave heating are intended to be understood as fixed reaction times after reaching the indicated reaction temperature. The compounds and intermediates produced according to the methods of the invention may require purification. Purification of organic compounds is well known to the person skilled in the art and there may be several ways of purifying the same compound. In some cases, no purification may be necessary. In some cases, the compounds may be purified by crystallization. In some cases, impurities may be stirred out using a suitable solvent. In some cases, the compounds may be purified by chromatography, particularly flash column chromatography, using for example prepacked silica gel cartridges, e.g. from Separtis such as Isolute® Flash silica gel or Isolute® Flash NH2 silica gel in combination with a Isolera autopurifier (Biotage) and eluents such as gradients of e.g. hexane/EE or dichloromethane/methanol. In some cases, the compounds may be purified by preparative HPLC using for example a Waters autopurifier equipped with a diode array detector and/or on-line electrospray ionization mass spectrometer in combination with a suitable prepacked reverse phase column and eluents such as gradients of water and acetonitrile which may contain additives such as trifluoroacetic acid, formic acid or aqueous ammonia. In some cases, purification methods as described above can provide those compounds of the present invention which possess a sufficiently basic or acidic functionality in the form of a salt, such as, in the case of a compound of the present invention which is sufficiently basic, a trifluoroacetate or formate salt for example, or, in the case of a compound of the present invention which is sufficiently acidic, an ammonium salt for example. A salt of this type can either be transformed into its free base or free acid form, respectively, by various methods known to the person skilled in the art, or be used as salts in subsequent biological assays. It is to be understood that the specific form (e.g. salt, free base etc) of a compound of the present invention as isolated as described herein is not necessarily the only form in which said compound can be applied to a biological assay in order to quantify the specific biological activity.

The percentage yields reported in the following examples are based on the starting component that was used in the lowest molar amount. Air and moisture sensitive liquids and solutions were transferred via syringe or cannula, and introduced into reaction vessels through rubber septa. Commercial grade reagents and solvents were used without further purification. The term “concentrated in vacuum” refers to use of a Buchi rotary evaporator at a minimum pressure of approximately 15 mm of Hg. All temperatures are reported uncorrected in degrees Celsius (° C.).

In order that this invention may be better understood, the following examples are set forth. These examples are for the purpose of illustration only, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any manner. All publications mentioned herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety.

Methods

Preparative HPLC

Methods for purifications by preparative HPLC given in the subsequent specific experimental descriptions refer (unless otherwise noted) to the following conditions:

Method 1: Instrument: Waters Prep LC/MS System, Column: XBridge C18 5 μm 100×30 mm; Eluent A: water, eluent B: acetonitrile, eluent C: 2% aqueous ammonia solution, eluent D: acetonitrile/water 80/20. flow: 80 ml/min, room temperature, detection wavelength 200-400 nm, At-column injection; gradient: 0-2 min 59% eluent A, 29% eluent B, 2-10 min 59 to 29% eluent A, 29 to 59% eluent B, 10-12 min 0% eluent A, 88% eluent B, eluent C and D constantly 6% each over the whole run-time.

Method 2: Instrument: Waters Prep LC/MS System, Column: XBridge C18 5 μm 100×30 mm; Eluent A: water, eluent B: acetonitrile, eluent C: 2% aqueous formic acid solution, eluent D: acetonitrile/water 80/20. flow: 80 ml/min, room temperature, detection wavelength 200-400 nm, At-column injection; gradient: 0-2 min 59% eluent A, 29% eluent B, 2-10 min 59 to 29% eluent A, 29 to 59% eluent B, 10-12 min 0% eluent A, 88% eluent B, eluent C and D constantly 6% each over the whole run-time.

Method 3: Instrument: Waters Prep LC/MS System, column: Phenomenex Kinetex C18 5 μm 100×30 mm; eluent A: water, eluent B: acetonitrile, eluent C: 2% aqueous formic acid in water, eluent D: acetonitrile/water 80/20. flow: 80 ml/min, room temperature, detection wavelength 200-400 nm, At-Column injection; gradient: 0-2 min 59% eluent A, 29% eluent B, 2-10 min 59 to 29% eluent A, 29 to 59% eluent B, 10-12 min 0% eluent A, 88% eluent B, eluent C and D constantly 6% each over the whole run-time.

Method 4: Instrument: Waters Prep LC/MS System, column: Phenomenex Kinetex C18 5 μm 100×30 mm; eluent A: water, eluent B: acetonitrile, eluent C: 2% aqueous formic acid in water, eluent D: acetonitrile/water 80/20. flow: 80 ml/min, room temperature, detection wavelength 200-400 nm, At-Column injection; gradient: 0-2 min 49% eluent A, 39% eluent B, 2-10 min 49 to 19% eluent A, 39 to 69% eluent B, 10-12 min 0% eluent A, 88% eluent B, eluent C and D constantly 6% each over the whole run-time.

Method 5: Instrument: Waters Prep LC/MS System, column: Phenomenex Kinetex C18 5 μm 100×30 mm; eluent A: water, eluent B: acetonitrile, eluent C: 2% aqueous formic acid in water, eluent D: acetonitrile/water 80/20. flow: 80 ml/min, room temperature, detection wavelength 200-400 nm, At-Column injection; gradient: 0-2 min 29% eluent A, 59% eluent B, 2-10 min 29 to 0% eluent A, 59 to 88% eluent B, 10-12 min 0% eluent A, 88% eluent B, eluent C and D constantly 6% each over the whole run-time.

Method 6: Instrument: Waters Prep LC/MS System, Column: XBridge C18 5 μm 100×30 mm; Eluent A: water, eluent B: acetonitrile, eluent C: 2% aqueous ammonia solution, eluent D: acetonitrile/water 80/20. flow: 80 ml/min, room temperature, detection wavelength 200-400 nm, At-column injection; gradient: 0-2 min 49% eluent A, 39% eluent B, 2-10 min 49 to 39% eluent A, 39 to 49% eluent B, 10-12 min 0% eluent A, 88% eluent B, eluent C and D constantly 6% each over the whole run-time.

Method 7: Instrument: Waters Prep LC/MS System, column: Phenomenex Kinetex C18 5 μm 100×30 mm; eluent A: water, eluent B: acetonitrile, eluent C: 2% aqueous formic acid in water, eluent D: acetonitrile/water 80/20. flow: 80 ml/min, room temperature, detection wavelength 200-400 nm, At-Column injection; gradient: 0-2 min 69% eluent A, 19% eluent B, 2-10 min 69 to 39% eluent A, 19 to 49% eluent B, 10-12 min 0% eluent A, 88% eluent B, eluent C and D constantly 6% each over the whole run-time.

Method 8: Instrument: Waters Prep LC/MS System, Column: XBridge C18 5 μm 100×30 mm; Eluent A: water, eluent B: acetonitrile, eluent C: 2% aqueous ammonia solution, eluent D: acetonitrile/water 80/20. flow: 80 ml/min, room temperature, detection wavelength 200-400 nm, At-column injection; gradient: 0-2 min 29% eluent A, 59% eluent B, 2-10 min 29 to 0% eluent A, 59 to 88% eluent B, 10-12 min 0% eluent A, 88% eluent B, eluent C and D constantly 6% each over the whole run-time.

Method 17: Instrument: Waters Prep LC/MS System, Column: XBridge C18 5 μm 100×30 mm; Eluent A: water, eluent B: acetonitrile, eluent C: 2% aqueous ammonia solution, eluent D: acetonitrile/water 80/20. flow: 80 ml/min, room temperature, detection wavelength 200-400 nm, At-column injection; gradient: 0-2 min 69% eluent A, 19% eluent B, 2-10 min 69 to 19% eluent A, 19 to 69% eluent B, 10-12 min 0% eluent A, 88% eluent B, eluent C and D constantly 6% each over the whole run-time.

Method 18: Instrument: Waters Prep LC/MS System, Column: XBridge C18 5 μm 100×30 mm; Eluent A: water, eluent B: acetonitrile, eluent C: 2% aqueous ammonia solution, eluent D: acetonitrile/water 80/20. flow: 80 ml/min, room temperature, detection wavelength 200-400 nm, At-column injection; gradient: 0-2 min 79% eluent A, 9% eluent B, 2-10 min 79 to 49% eluent A, 9 to 39% eluent B, 10-12 min 0% eluent A, 88% eluent B, eluent C and D constantly 6% each over the whole run-time.

Method 19: Instrument: Knauer Azura, column: Chromatorex C18 10 μm, 125 mm×40 mm; eluent A: water, eluent B: acetonitrile; flow: 100 ml/min; room temperature, wavelength 210 nm, gradient: 0-3 min 20% eluent B, 3-21 min 20% eluent B to 95% eluent B, 21-24 min 95% eluent B, 24-25 min 95% eluent B to 20% eluent B, 25-27.5 min 20% eluent B.

Method 20: Instrument: Waters Prep LC/MS System, column: Daicel Chiralpak IF 5 μm, 250 mm×20 mm; eluent: ethanol; flow: 15 ml/min; temperature 70 C, wavelength 220 nm; gradient: 0-15 min 100% ethanol.

Analytical HPLC/LC/MS

LC-MS-data given in the subsequent specific experimental descriptions refer (unless otherwise noted) to the following conditions:

Method 9: Instrument: Waters ACQUITY SQD UPLC System; Column: Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 1.8μ 50×1 mm; eluent A: 1 l water+0.25 ml 99% ige formic acid, eluent B: 1 l acetonitrile+0.25 ml 99% formic acid; gradient: 0.0 min 90% A→1.2 min 5% A→2.0 min 5% A temperature: 50° C.; flow: 0.40 ml/min; UV-detection: 208-400 nm.

Method 10: Instrument: Thermo Scientific FT-MS; Instrument UHPLC+: Thermo Scientific UltiMate 3000; column: Waters, HSST3, 2.1×75 mm, C18 1.8 μm; eluent A: 1 l water+0.01% formic acid; eluent B: 1 l acetonitrile+0.01% formic acid; gradient: 0.0 min 10% B→2.5 min 95% B→3.5 min 95% B; temperature: 50° C.; flow: 0.90 ml/min; UV-detection: 210 nm/optimal Integration Path 210-300 nm.

Method 11: Instrument: Agilent MS Quad 6150; HPLC: Agilent 1290; column: Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 1.8 50×2.1 mm; eluent A: 1 l water+0.25 ml 99% formic acid, eluent B: 1 l acetonitrile+0.25 ml 99% ige formic acid; gradient: 0.0 min 90% A→0.3 min 90% A→1.7 min 5% A→3.0 min 5% A temperature: 50° C.; flow: 1.20 ml/min; UV-detection: 205-305 nm.

Method 12: Instrument MS: ThermoFisherScientific LTQ-Orbitrap-XL; type HPLC: Agilent 1200SL; column: Agilent, POROSHELL 120, 3×150 mm, SB-C18 2.7 μm; eluent A: 1 l water+0.1% TFA; eluent B: 1 l acetonitrile+0.1% TFA; gradient: 0.0 min 2% B→0.3 min 2% B→5.0 min 95% B→10.0 min 95% B; temperature: 40° C.; flow: 0.75 ml/min; UV-detection: 210 nm.

Method 13: Instrument: Waters Acquity UPLCMS SingleQuad; column: Acquity UPLC BEH C18 1.7 m, 50×2.1 mm; eluent A: water+0.1 Vol-% TFA (99%), eluent B: acetonitrile; gradient: 0-1.6 min 1-99% B, 1.6-2.0 min 99% B; flow 0.8 ml/min; temperature: 60° C.; DAD scan: 210-400 nm.

Method 14: Instrument: Waters ACQUITY SQD UPLC System; column: Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 1.8 50×1 mm; eluent A: 1 l water+0.25 ml formic acid (99%), eluent B: 1 l acetonitrile+0.25 ml formic acid (99%); gradient: 0.0 min 95% A→6.0 min 5% A→7.5 min 5% A temperature: 50° C.; flow: 0.35 ml/min; UV-detection: 210-400 nm.

Method 16: Instrument: Waters Single Quad MS System; Instrument Waters UPLC Acquity; Säule: Waters BEH C18 1.7 μm 50×2.1 mm; Eluent A: 1 l Water+1.0 mL (25% Ammonia)/L, Eluent B: 1 l Acetonitril; Gradient: 0.0 min 92% A→0.1 min 92% A→1.8 min 5% A→3.5 min 5% A; Often: 50° C.; Flow: 0.45 mL/min; UV-Detection: 210 nm (208-400 nm).

Method 21: Instrument: Waters Single Quad MS System; Instrument Waters UPLC Acquity; column: Waters BEH C18 1.7 μm 50×2.1 mm; Eluent A: 1 l Water+1.0 mL (25% ammonia)/L, Eluent B: 1 l acetonitrile; gradient: 0.0 min 92% A→0.1 min 92% A→1.8 min 5% A→3.5 min 5% A; temperature: 50° C.; flow: 0.45 mL/min; UV-detection: 210 nm (208-400 nm).

GC-MS-data given in the subsequent specific experimental descriptions refer (unless otherwise noted) to the following conditions:

Method 15: Instrument: Thermo Scientific DSQII, Thermo Scientific Trace GC Ultra; column: Restek RTX-35MS, 15 m×200 m×0.33 m; constant flow with helium: 1.20 ml/min; temperature: 60° C.; Inlet: 220° C.; gradient: 60° C., 30° C./min→300° C. (3.33 min hold).

Synthetic Intermediates

Intermediate 1

4-chloro-6-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidine

A solution of 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (10.0 g, 67.1 mmol) and 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole (6.45 g, 67.1 mmol) in DMF (42 mL) was treated with caesium carbonate (21.9 g, 67.1 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture was poured into 700 mL water, the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with water and dried to yield 4.8 g (34% yield) of the desired compound.

LC-MS (method 9): Rt=0.97 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=209 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: −0.016 (0.62), 2.218 (16.00), 2.654 (13.00), 6.259 (2.71), 7.886 (2.77), 8.891 (2.48).

Intermediate 2

2-(4-fluorobenzoyl)butanenitrile

A solution of butyronitrile (3.8 mL, 43 mmol) in THF (100 mL) was treated with lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (1M in THF; 130 mL, 1.0 M, 130 mmol) at 30° C. Afterwards ethyl 4-fluorobenzoate (19 ml, 130 mmol) was added dropwise. The resulting mixture was stirred for 1 hour. The reaction was quenched by the addition of water and extracted once with MTBE. The aqueous phase was acidified with aqueous hydrochloric acid to pH 2 and subsequently extracted three times with dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were washed over sodium sulphate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to yield the crude desired product (8.31 g, 79% yield) which was used in the next step without any further purification.

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.87 min; MS (ESIneg): m/z=190 [M−H] −

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.008 (7.45), 1.026 (16.00), 1.045 (8.04), 1.069 (1.74), 1.088 (3.54), 1.106 (1.75), 1.164 (0.61), 1.182 (1.20), 1.199 (0.61), 1.783 (0.97), 1.801 (1.56), 1.818 (1.97), 1.837 (2.21), 1.855 (1.41), 1.920 (0.42), 1.939 (1.38), 1.952 (1.59), 1.957 (1.80), 1.971 (1.79), 1.995 (2.77), 2.005 (0.87), 2.281 (0.58), 2.300 (1.71), 2.318 (1.65), 2.337 (0.54), 3.346 (0.47), 4.028 (0.54), 4.046 (0.53), 5.147 (2.40), 5.160 (2.72), 5.167 (2.73), 5.180 (2.35), 7.295 (0.92), 7.299 (0.88), 7.317 (1.89), 7.339 (1.13), 7.410 (3.19), 7.433 (6.51), 7.455 (3.58), 7.599 (1.03), 7.613 (1.18), 7.621 (1.07), 7.634 (0.92), 7.998 (0.45), 8.013 (0.52), 8.020 (0.48), 8.034 (0.46), 8.109 (4.31), 8.114 (2.38), 8.123 (4.89), 8.131 (4.74), 8.145 (4.13), 10.860 (0.97).

Intermediate 3

4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

A solution of 2-(4-fluorobenzoyl)butanenitrile (6.50 g, 34.0 mmol) in ethanol (80 mL) was treated with hydrazine hydrate (1:1) (2.0 ml, 41 mmol). The mixture was refluxed for 3 hours. After cooling to room temperature the mixture was poured into sodium hydrogen carbonate solution (1M). Ethanol was removed under reduced pressure, the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with water and dried to yield 5.68 g (81% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.62 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=206 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 1.014 (7.35), 1.032 (16.00), 1.051 (7.67), 2.388 (2.65), 2.407 (7.99), 2.425 (7.79), 2.444 (2.46), 3.327 (5.49), 4.487 (1.85), 7.238 (2.73), 7.260 (5.64), 7.282 (3.26), 7.495 (3.91), 7.509 (4.88), 7.515 (4.60), 7.529 (3.35), 11.519 (2.77).

Intermediate 4

ethyl 1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate

The desired product was obtained in the same manner as described for 4-chloro-6-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidine starting from 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (2.00 g, 13.4 mmol) and ethyl 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate (2.26 g, 13.4 mmol) to yield 3.42 g (90% yield) of the desired product.

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (0.47), 0.008 (0.43), 1.298 (4.21), 1.316 (9.05), 1.325 (0.56), 1.334 (4.30), 2.415 (15.87), 2.441 (0.55), 2.947 (16.00), 2.991 (0.53), 4.248 (1.31), 4.266 (4.11), 4.284 (4.07), 4.301 (1.29), 7.994 (3.67), 7.996 (3.62), 9.013 (3.52), 9.015 (3.52).

Intermediate 5

4-chloro-6-[5-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]pyrimidine

A solution of 4-chloro-6-hydrazinylpyrimidine (1.00 g, 6.92 mmol, synthesis described e.g. Synlett 2010 (14), 2179-2183) and 1,1-difluoropentane-2,4-dione (941 mg, 6.92 mmol) in ethanol (10 mL) was refluxed overnight. After cooling to room temperature, ethanol was removed under reduced pressure. The resulting crude product was purified by reverse phase HPLC (column: Daicel IC, 250×20 mm, flow 20 mL/min, 95% i-hexane/5% ethanol, room temperature, detection 220 nM) to yield 432 mg (25% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.35 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=245 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: −0.152 (0.03), 0.144 (0.03), 2.072 (0.10), 2.170 (0.09), 2.332 (16.00), 2.365 (0.07), 2.669 (0.05), 2.709 (0.04), 6.911 (3.24), 7.633 (1.27), 7.768 (2.50), 7.903 (1.23), 7.959 (2.80), 8.961 (2.76).

Intermediate 6

6-chloro-N-[4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]pyrimidin-4-amine

A solution of 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (2.18 g, 14.6 mmol) and 4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine (3.00 g, 14.6 mmol) in DMF (33 mL) was treated with sodium iodide (2.63 g, 17.5 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (2.8 mL, 16 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 80° C. The amount of DMF was reduced under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water, brine and dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure, the remaining residue was triturated with diethyl ether to yield the crude product which was further purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/ehyl acetate) to yield 1.54 g (33% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.68 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=318 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.977 (6.99), 0.995 (16.00), 1.014 (7.42), 1.912 (2.37), 7.060 (0.88), 7.330 (2.55), 7.352 (5.11), 7.374 (2.89), 7.584 (3.62), 7.598 (4.37), 7.605 (3.97), 7.619 (2.95), 8.418 (6.63), 9.682 (3.10), 12.802 (1.02).

Intermediate 7

N-[4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-6-hydrazinylpyrimidin-4-amine

A solution of 6-chloro-N-[4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]pyrimidin-4-amine (500 mg, 1.57 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) was treated with hydrazine hydrate (1:1) (230 μl, 4.7 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 70° C. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the remaining residue was suspended in acetonitrile. Crystals were collected by filtration, washed with acetonitrile and dried to yield 509 mg (99% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =0.97 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=314 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.008 (0.43), 0.982 (7.51), 1.001 (16.00), 1.019 (7.13), 2.075 (0.53), 2.479 (3.24), 4.157 (0.41), 6.255 (0.51), 7.093 (1.10), 7.323 (3.07), 7.596 (3.51), 7.714 (0.89), 7.954 (4.54), 12.623 (0.45).

Intermediate 8

2-[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

A solution of 4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (1.00 g, 4.87 mmol) and 2-benzofuran-1,3-dione (1.08 g, 7.31 mmol) in acetic acid (10 mL) was refluxed overnight. The mixture was poured into water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was triturated with MTBE to afford 1.37 g (84% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.97 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=336 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.929 (7.10), 0.948 (16.00), 0.967 (7.59), 1.994 (0.59), 2.419 (2.05), 2.437 (6.19), 2.456 (6.07), 2.475 (1.97), 3.340 (3.09), 7.372 (3.70), 7.394 (7.88), 7.417 (4.38), 7.650 (4.81), 7.664 (5.46), 7.672 (4.90), 7.685 (4.17), 7.953 (4.07), 7.961 (4.99), 7.967 (5.39), 7.974 (7.34), 7.985 (1.68), 8.011 (1.41), 8.021 (7.32), 8.029 (5.16), 8.035 (4.95), 8.042 (4.04), 13.386 (5.95).

Intermediate 9

2-[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (1.32 g, 3.94 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was treated with potassium carbonate (1.09 g, 7.88 mmol) and iodomethane (490 μl, 7.9 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture was poured into water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with water, brine, dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified via preparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×30 mm/flow: 50 ml/min/eluent: A=water (0.01% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-5.00 min=10% B, 6.50 min=20% B, 17.0-19.75 min=100% B, 19.75-23.00 min=90% B) to yield 977.9 mg of the desired product as regioisomeric mixture. After separation of the regioisomers via SFC using carbon dioxide/methanol as eluents 312 mg of the desired product in a mixture with the ring-opened phthalimide were obtained (13% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.03 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=350 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.907 (3.03), 0.925 (6.88), 0.944 (3.12), 1.050 (3.20), 1.069 (7.26), 1.088 (3.29), 2.438 (0.89), 2.457 (2.66), 2.476 (2.65), 2.564 (2.73), 2.583 (2.64), 2.601 (0.83), 3.316 (10.74), 3.723 (14.19), 3.821 (16.00), 7.246 (1.92), 7.268 (5.18), 7.291 (5.16), 7.314 (1.92), 7.638 (2.40), 7.652 (2.79), 7.660 (3.40), 7.667 (1.74), 7.674 (2.63), 7.682 (3.15), 7.695 (2.35), 7.703 (2.16), 7.717 (2.08), 7.736 (4.04), 7.739 (3.93), 7.754 (1.36), 7.865 (2.10), 7.884 (1.68), 7.975 (1.95), 7.983 (2.19), 7.989 (2.32), 7.997 (3.16), 8.007 (0.55), 8.044 (0.51), 8.055 (3.24), 8.063 (2.31), 8.069 (2.20), 8.076 (1.92), 10.309 (3.44).

Intermediate 10

2-[4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

The desired product was obtained out of the regioisomeric separation described in the experimental procedure of the synthesis of 2-[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione in 24% yield (383 mg).

LC-MS (method 10): Rt=1.98 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=350 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ [ppm]: 0.82 (t, 3H), 2.23 (q, 2H), 3.73 (s, 3H), 7.35-7.44 (m, 2H), 7.56-7.62 (m, 2H), 7.91-7.98 (m, 2H), 7.99-8.06 (m, 2H).

Intermediate 11

4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

A solution of 2-[4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (380 mg, 1.09 mmol) in ethanol (7.5 mL) was treated with hydrazine hydrate (1:1) (260 μl, 5.4 mmol).

The mixture was refluxed overnight. After cooling to room temperature a precipitate occurred this was filtered off. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the crude product was purified by preparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×30 mm/flow: 50 ml/min/eluent: A=water (0.01% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-5.00 min=10% B, 6.50 min=20% B, 17.0-19.75 min=100% B, 19.75-23.00 min=90% B) to obtain 142.6 mg (57% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.71 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=220 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.905 (7.15), 0.924 (16.00), 0.943 (7.20), 2.165 (2.18), 2.184 (6.66), 2.203 (6.43), 2.221 (1.95), 3.580 (0.87), 7.296 (2.64), 7.301 (1.18), 7.318 (7.81), 7.324 (1.99), 7.335 (1.62), 7.340 (5.83), 7.346 (1.22), 7.354 (1.05), 7.360 (5.70), 7.366 (2.29), 7.374 (6.24), 7.382 (3.70), 7.391 (1.32), 7.396 (2.55), 8.139 (1.15).

Intermediate 12

4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

The desired product was prepared in the same manner as described for the synthesis of 4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine starting from 2-[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (307 mg, 879 μmol) to yield 68.9 mg of the desired product (36% yield).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.63 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=220 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.976 (7.01), 0.995 (16.00), 1.013 (7.22), 2.398 (2.16), 2.416 (6.63), 2.435 (6.45), 2.454 (2.01), 3.326 (0.79), 3.376 (0.45), 4.995 (1.25), 7.168 (4.18), 7.190 (8.66), 7.212 (4.68), 7.517 (0.63), 7.524 (4.99), 7.530 (2.17), 7.539 (5.62), 7.546 (5.07), 7.555 (1.95), 7.560 (4.38), 8.135 (0.94).

Intermediate 13

6-chloro-N-[4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]pyrimidin-4-amine

A solution of 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (1.00 g, 6.71 mmol) and 4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine (1.47 g, 6.71 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was treated with N,N-diisopropylethylamine (1.3 ml, 7.4 mmol) and sodium iodide (1.21 g, 8.05 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 80° C. DMF was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water and brine. The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. After trituration of the crude product with diethylether and MTBE the desired pure product was obtained. Preparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×30 mm/flow: 50 ml/min/eluent: A=water (0.01% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-5.00 min=10% B, 6.50 min=20% B, 17.0-19.75 min=100% B, 19.75-23.00 min=90% B) of the filtrate yielded additional product. Overall 922 mg of the desired product (41% yield) were obtained.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.88 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=332 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.855 (3.17), 0.874 (7.29), 0.892 (3.31), 2.281 (0.84), 2.300 (2.49), 2.319 (2.43), 2.337 (0.80), 2.734 (13.43), 2.894 (16.00), 3.320 (10.85), 7.108 (1.02), 7.354 (1.69), 7.376 (3.82), 7.398 (2.27), 7.490 (2.35), 7.496 (1.05), 7.504 (2.67), 7.511 (2.00), 7.521 (0.89), 7.525 (1.67), 7.956 (2.14), 8.416 (2.81), 9.700 (1.21).

Intermediate 14

N-[4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-6-hydrazinylpyrimidin-4-amine

A solution of 6-chloro-N-[4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]pyrimidin-4-amine (645 mg, 1.94 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (13 mL) was treated with hydrazine hydrate (1:1) (280 μl, 5.8 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at 70° C. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was triturated with acetonitrile to yield 574 mg (90% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.07 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=328 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.87 (t, 3H), 2.29 (q, 2H), 3.62 (s, 3H), 6.27 (s, 1H), 6.90 (br s, 2H), 7.28-7.42 (m, 2H), 7.46-7.55 (m, 2H), 7.69 (br s, 1H), 7.88-7.97 (m, 1H), 8.38 (s, 1H).

Intermediate 15

2-cyclopropyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-oxopropanenitrile

Lithium diisopropylamide (34 ml, 2.0 M, 68 mmol in THF) is cooled to −78° C. Then, cyclopropylacetonitrile (5.7 ml, 62 mmol) in 50 mL of THF was slowly added at this temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at this temperature for 10 min and then, a solution of 4-fluorobenzoyl chloride (4.0 ml, 34 mmol) in 50 mL THF was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was allowed to reach room temperature and stirred for 10 min. A 2 M hydrochloric acid solution was carefully added. Then, ethyl acetate was added. The aqueous layer was extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate. The organic phases were gathered, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The crude product was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel using cyclohecane/ethyl aceate to afford 4.36 g (75% purity, 47% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.17 min; MS (ESIneg): m/z=202 [M−H] −

Intermediate 16

4-cyclopropyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

The described example was prepared in the same manner as described in the synthesis of 4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine starting from 2-cyclopropyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-oxopropanenitrile (4.36 g, 18.4 mmol) to obtain 4.49 g (78% purity, 88% yield) of the desired product which was used in the next step without any further purification.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =0.90 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=218 [M+H] +

Intermediate 17

2-[4-cyclopropyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

The described example was prepared in the same manner as described in the synthesis of 2-[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione starting from 4-cyclopropyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine (4.1 g, 14.7 mmol) to obtain 7.44 g (68% purity, 99% yield) of the desired product which was used in the next step without any further purification.

LC-MS (method 11): Rt=1.28 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=348 [M+H] +

Intermediate 18

2-[4-cyclopropyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[4-cyclopropyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (7.44 g, 68% purity, 14.6 mmol) in DMF (35 mL) was treated with potassium carbonate (4.03 g, 29.1 mmol) and iodomethane (1.8 ml, 29 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours. Ethyl acetate and water were added. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate twice. The organic phases were gathered, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. Diethyl ether was added to the brown oily solid and the white precipitate was filtered to afford the described regioisomer. The filtrate was concentrated and purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel using cyclohexane/ethyl acetate to afford both regioisomers. The product was obtained in 31% yield (1.63 g)

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.37 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=362 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.007 (3.24), 0.011 (3.22), 0.020 (3.27), 0.024 (2.82), 0.034 (0.95), 0.448 (0.90), 0.458 (2.50), 0.462 (2.48), 0.468 (1.33), 0.479 (2.62), 0.483 (2.44), 0.494 (0.82), 1.474 (0.76), 1.481 (0.80), 1.486 (0.54), 1.494 (1.39), 1.502 (0.53), 1.507 (0.76), 1.515 (0.69), 3.739 (0.90), 3.753 (16.00), 7.374 (1.91), 7.396 (4.06), 7.418 (2.30), 7.622 (2.40), 7.636 (2.73), 7.643 (2.44), 7.657 (1.99), 7.960 (2.30), 7.968 (2.69), 7.974 (2.88), 7.982 (3.93), 7.992 (0.79), 8.021 (0.85), 8.031 (3.87), 8.039 (2.77), 8.045 (2.57), 8.052 (2.15).

Intermediate 19

2-[4-cyclopropyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

The described regioisomer was obtained in 34% yield out of the separation of the regioisomeric mixture in the synthesis of 2-[4-cyclopropyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (1.77 g).

LC-MS (method 11): Rt=1.42 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=362 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: −0.009 (2.94), 0.007 (2.77), 0.060 (2.44), 0.069 (2.50), 0.653 (1.99), 0.658 (1.97), 0.673 (2.07), 0.678 (1.95), 1.680 (1.16), 2.327 (0.58), 2.669 (0.60), 3.735 (16.00), 7.265 (2.01), 7.287 (4.10), 7.309 (2.13), 7.889 (2.15), 7.903 (2.34), 7.911 (2.28), 7.925 (2.03), 7.997 (2.44), 8.005 (2.61), 8.011 (2.52), 8.018 (3.77), 8.081 (3.91), 8.088 (2.61), 8.094 (2.67), 8.102 (2.40).

Intermediate 20

4-cyclopropyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

The desired product was obtained in the same manner as described for the synthesis of 4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine starting from 2-[4-cyclopropyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (1.64 g, 4.53 mmol) to yield 1.02 g (97% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.03 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=232 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (0.45), 0.008 (0.41), 0.037 (0.74), 0.047 (2.30), 0.052 (2.43), 0.060 (2.62), 0.065 (2.27), 0.074 (0.81), 0.514 (0.80), 0.523 (2.14), 0.528 (2.14), 0.534 (1.03), 0.538 (0.99), 0.544 (2.22), 0.549 (2.14), 0.559 (0.74), 1.396 (0.65), 1.403 (0.67), 1.408 (0.41), 1.416 (1.21), 1.424 (0.40), 1.429 (0.63), 1.436 (0.59), 3.417 (16.00), 3.538 (0.48), 4.351 (3.94), 7.281 (1.70), 7.286 (0.63), 7.298 (0.86), 7.304 (3.89), 7.309 (0.85), 7.320 (0.73), 7.326 (2.32), 7.419 (2.34), 7.425 (0.95), 7.433 (2.58), 7.441 (1.94), 7.450 (0.75), 7.455 (1.66).

Intermediate 21

4-cyclopropyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

The desired product was obtained in the same manner as described for the synthesis of 4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine starting from 2-[4-cyclopropyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (1.77 g, 4.90 mmol) to yield 1.09 g (96% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 11): Rt=0.96 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=233 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.149 (2.50), 0.159 (7.93), 0.163 (8.80), 0.172 (8.96), 0.176 (8.13), 0.186 (2.67), 0.751 (2.50), 0.760 (7.11), 0.765 (7.18), 0.770 (3.80), 0.780 (7.55), 0.785 (7.29), 0.795 (2.47), 1.511 (1.10), 1.523 (2.29), 1.530 (2.39), 1.536 (1.63), 1.543 (4.28), 1.550 (1.58), 1.556 (2.28), 1.563 (2.14), 1.576 (0.95), 2.270 (0.44), 3.319 (7.71), 3.364 (0.45), 3.746 (0.55), 4.911 (16.00), 7.141 (0.81), 7.148 (6.92), 7.170 (14.33), 7.193 (7.73), 7.756 (0.92), 7.763 (7.61), 7.768 (3.32), 7.777 (8.56), 7.785 (8.45), 7.794 (3.04), 7.799 (7.27).

Intermediate 22

4-chloro-6-(4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidine

The desired product was prepared in the same manner as described in the synthesis of 4-chloro-6-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidine starting from 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (2.00 g, 13.4 mmol) and 4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole (1.75 g, 13.4 mmol) to yield 2.16 g (66% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 9): Rt=1.19 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=244 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 2.060 (0.07), 2.092 (0.09), 2.255 (16.00), 2.277 (0.21), 2.327 (0.12), 2.366 (0.04), 2.414 (0.09), 2.665 (15.71), 2.699 (0.19), 2.730 (0.04), 2.827 (0.09), 2.889 (0.04), 5.290 (0.04), 7.912 (2.83), 8.942 (2.94).

Intermediate 23

2-(2,4-difluorobenzoyl)butanenitrile

The desired product was prepared in the same manner as described in the synthesis of 2-(4-fluorobenzoyl)butanenitrile starting from methyl 2,4-difluorobenzoate (7.2 ml, 58 mmol) and butanenitrile (1.3 ml, 14 mmol) to obtain 2.73 g (90% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.65 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=210 [M+H] +

Intermediate 24

5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

The desired product was prepared in the same manner as described in the synthesis of 4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine starting from 2-(2,4-difluorobenzoyl)butanenitrile (2.73 g, 13.1 mmol) to obtain 2.13 g (73% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.18 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=224 [M+H] +

Intermediate 25

2-{1-[2-(benzyloxy)ethyl]-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl}-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (1.00 g, 2.98 mmol) in DMF (5.0 mL) was treated with benzyl 2-bromoethyl ether (940 μl, 6.0 mmol) and potassium carbonate (824 mg, 5.96 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture was poured into water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with water, brine, dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×30 mm/flow: 50 ml/min/eluent: A=water (0.01% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-5.00 min=10% B, 6.50 min=20% B, 17.0-19.75 min=100% B, 19.75-23.00 min=90% B). The obtained regioisomeric mixture was separated using SFC carbon dioxide/ethanol as eluting system to afford 252 mg (18% yield) of the indicated product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.42 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=470 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.919 (5.80), 0.938 (12.81), 0.956 (5.98), 2.446 (1.77), 2.465 (5.27), 2.484 (6.64), 3.667 (3.55), 3.681 (7.47), 3.694 (3.83), 4.194 (3.73), 4.207 (6.98), 4.221 (3.33), 4.337 (16.00), 5.754 (3.57), 7.126 (3.40), 7.136 (4.28), 7.144 (4.44), 7.216 (8.33), 7.220 (8.53), 7.229 (4.59), 7.242 (1.07), 7.275 (3.43), 7.297 (6.64), 7.319 (3.59), 7.683 (3.89), 7.697 (4.52), 7.704 (4.26), 7.718 (3.50), 7.947 (3.28), 7.955 (4.02), 7.961 (4.47), 7.968 (6.43), 7.978 (1.49), 7.994 (1.51), 8.004 (6.58), 8.012 (4.28), 8.018 (3.98), 8.026 (3.08).

Intermediate 26

2-{1-[2-(benzyloxy)ethyl]-4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl}-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

The described product was obtained in 9% yield (127 mg) out of the regioisomeric separation in the preparation of 2-{1-[2-(benzyloxy)ethyl]-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl}-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione.

LC-MS (method 10): Rt=2.40 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=470 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.81 (t, 3H), 2.22 (q, 2H), 3.74 (t, 2H), 4.16 (t, 2H), 4.36 (s, 2H), 7.18 (d, 2H), 7.23-7.37 (m, 5H), 7.49 (dd, 2H), 7.92-7.99 (m, 2H), 8.00-8.08 (m, 2H).

Intermediate 27

1-[2-(benzyloxy)ethyl]-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

The described product was prepared in the same manner as described for the synthesis of 4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine starting from 2-{1-[2-(benzyloxy)ethyl]-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl}-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (230 mg, 490 μmol) to obtain 150 mg (90% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.91 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=340 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.988 (5.85), 1.006 (13.43), 1.025 (6.05), 1.909 (0.49), 2.414 (1.76), 2.433 (5.46), 2.451 (5.33), 2.470 (1.65), 3.728 (3.49), 3.743 (8.09), 3.757 (3.99), 4.107 (4.00), 4.121 (7.83), 4.136 (3.43), 4.491 (16.00), 4.925 (8.16), 5.754 (3.70), 7.173 (3.36), 7.195 (6.99), 7.217 (3.79), 7.243 (0.58), 7.249 (0.61), 7.260 (2.83), 7.267 (3.62), 7.283 (10.10), 7.295 (7.24), 7.309 (3.09), 7.313 (3.19), 7.330 (1.16), 7.530 (0.57), 7.537 (4.36), 7.543 (1.86), 7.552 (4.94), 7.559 (4.48), 7.569 (1.72), 7.573 (3.86).

Intermediate 28

1-[2-(benzyloxy)ethyl]-4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

The described product was prepared in the same manner as described for the synthesis of 4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine starting from 2-{1-[2-(benzyloxy)ethyl]-4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl}-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (125 mg, 266 μmol) to obtain 76.4 mg (85% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.91 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=340 [M+H] +

Intermediate 29

4,4,4-trifluoro-2-(4-fluorobenzoyl)butanenitrile

A solution of 4,4,4-trifluorobutanenitrile (4.90 g, 39.8 mmol) in THF (50 mL) was treated at room temperature with lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide 1M in THF (50 ml, 1.0 M, 50 mmol). To this solution ethyl 4-fluorobenzoate (3.35 g, 19.9 mmol) was added drop wise. The reaction mixture was stirred for two days. The mixture was poured into water; THF was removed under reduced pressure. The aqueous phase was extracted with MTBE and subsequently acidified by addition of 1 M hydrochloric acid which was extracted again with MTBE. The combined organic phases were washed with brine; the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to obtain 5.65 g (76% yield, 66% purity) of the desired crude product which was used without any further purification.

LC-MS (method 11): Rt=1.19 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=246 [M+H] +

Intermediate 30

3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 4,4,4-trifluoro-2-(4-fluorobenzoyl)butanenitrile (5.40 g, 66% purity, 14.5 mmol) in ethanol (30 mL) was treated with hydrazine hydrate (1:1) (1.8 ml, 80% purity, 29 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 4 h at 90° C. and overnight at room temperature. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC (acetonitrile/water+0.1% formic acid) to obtain 884 mg of the desired product (22% yield).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.02 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=260 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 2.670 (0.47), 3.420 (5.54), 3.449 (16.00), 3.477 (15.21), 3.504 (4.75), 4.837 (1.25), 7.234 (5.08), 7.255 (9.46), 7.276 (5.57), 7.540 (11.63), 7.554 (13.43), 7.561 (12.57), 7.575 (10.01), 11.814 (1.07).

Intermediate 31

4-methoxybutanenitrile

A solution of 4-bromobutanenitrile (670 μl, 6.8 mmol) in methanol (6.8 mL) was treated with sodium methoxide (3.8 ml, 5.4 M, 20 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure; the residue was diluted with water/dichloromethane. After separation of the two layers, the aqueous phase was extracted twice with dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to obtain 594 mg (89% yield) of the desired product.

Intermediate 32

2-(4-fluorobenzoyl)-4-methoxybutanenitrile

The desired product was prepared in the same manner as described for the synthesis of 2-(4-fluorobenzoyl)butanenitrile starting from 4-methoxybutanenitrile (590 mg, 5.95 mmol) and ethyl 4-fluorobenzoate (3.5 ml, 24 mmol) to obtain 1.22 g (95% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.54 min; MS (ESIneg): m/z=220 [M−H] −

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: −0.014 (1.27), −0.008 (4.21), −0.006 (3.87), 0.008 (3.01), 2.052 (0.61), 2.067 (0.81), 2.074 (0.41), 2.087 (0.67), 2.137 (0.69), 2.155 (0.79), 2.168 (0.64), 2.172 (0.45), 3.188 (16.00), 3.275 (7.84), 3.453 (1.22), 3.458 (2.12), 3.467 (2.23), 3.471 (1.76), 3.475 (3.16), 3.482 (1.14), 3.491 (1.24), 5.131 (0.98), 5.144 (1.10), 5.152 (1.05), 5.165 (0.93), 7.295 (0.90), 7.300 (1.40), 7.305 (0.51), 7.317 (2.15), 7.322 (2.62), 7.339 (1.36), 7.344 (1.34), 7.404 (1.58), 7.410 (0.59), 7.427 (3.17), 7.444 (0.60), 7.449 (1.69), 7.579 (0.90), 7.585 (0.41), 7.593 (0.96), 7.601 (0.86), 7.615 (0.78), 7.985 (1.11), 7.990 (0.44), 7.999 (1.18), 8.007 (1.19), 8.016 (0.44), 8.021 (1.09), 8.056 (1.71), 8.061 (0.77), 8.069 (1.83), 8.078 (1.80), 8.086 (0.72), 8.092 (1.63), 10.988 (1.28).

Intermediate 33

5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

The desired product was prepared in the same manner as described for the synthesis of 4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine starting from 2-(4-fluorobenzoyl)-4-methoxybutanenitrile (1.22 g, 5.51 mmol) to obtain 953 mg (73% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.03 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=236 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 2.598 (1.60), 2.616 (3.31), 2.633 (1.70), 3.222 (16.00), 3.387 (1.53), 7.259 (1.13), 7.525 (1.25), 7.540 (1.63), 7.559 (1.10).

Intermediate 34

1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-indazole

A solution of 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (1.13 g, 7.57 mmol) and 3-methyl-1H-indazole (1.00 g, 7.57 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was treated with caesium carbonate (2.47 g, 7.57 mmol) and stirred over the weekend at room temperature. Water was added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The precipitate was filtered, washed with water and dried under reduced pressure to afford 1.55 g (84% yield) of the desired product which contained minor amounts of the regioisomeric product.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.50 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=245 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 2.327 (0.09), 2.365 (0.09), 2.456 (0.11), 2.619 (16.00), 2.670 (0.18), 2.709 (0.09), 2.778 (0.09), 3.035 (0.89), 3.097 (0.09), 7.072 (0.10), 7.093 (0.09), 7.362 (0.10), 7.377 (0.09), 7.408 (1.15), 7.426 (2.35), 7.445 (1.46), 7.593 (0.14), 7.616 (0.13), 7.638 (1.25), 7.658 (2.00), 7.677 (1.15), 7.773 (0.13), 7.794 (0.13), 7.897 (2.29), 7.912 (3.32), 8.280 (0.17), 8.685 (1.81), 8.706 (1.75), 8.960 (2.96), 9.100 (0.18).

Intermediate 35

3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-oxopropanenitrile (9.00 g, 49.7 mmol, synthesis described e.g. in J. Med. Chem. 1079, 22(11), 1385) in ethanol was treated with hydrazine hydrate (1:1) (2.9 ml, 60 mmol). The mixture was refluxed for 3.5 h. After cooling to room temperature saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added, ethanol was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to yield 8.36 g (77% yield) of the desired product which was used without any further purification.

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.53 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=196 [M+H] +

Intermediate 36

4-chloro-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (2.30 g, 11.8 mmol) in acetonitrile (20 mL) was treated with 1-chloropyrrolidine-2,5-dione (1.57 g, 11.8 mmol and stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with water and brine, dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to yield 2.53 g (93% yield) of the desired crude product which was used without any further purification.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.32 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=230 [M+H] +

Intermediate 37

2-[4-chloro-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

4-chloro-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (1.97 g, 8.56 mmol) and 2-benzofuran-1,3-dione (1.90 g, 12.8 mmol) in acetic acid (25 mL) were reflux overnight. Acetic acid was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was partitioned between brine and ethyl acetate. The organic phase wash dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was triturated with MTBE to yield desired product. The filtrate was further purified by preparative HPLC (Sunfire C18 5 m, 75×30 mm, flow 80 mL/min, 40° C., 210 nM, eluent A: water, eluent B: water+1% formic acid, eluent C: acetonitrile, gradient: 0-1 min at 60/5/35 A/B/C, 1-5 min to 47.5/5/47.5, 5.0-5.31 min to 0/5/95, 5.31-6.74 at 0/5/95). In total 2.02 g (63.7% yield) of the desired product were obtained.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.84 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=360 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 7.23-7.40 (m, 1H), 7.49-7.63 (m, 1H), 7.76 (td, 1H), 7.92-8.11 (m, 4H), 14.07 (s, 1H).

Intermediate 38

2-[4-chloro-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[4-chloro-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (1.50 g, 4.17 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was treated with iodomethane (520 μl, 8.3 mmol) and potassium carbonate (1.15 g, 8.34 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 3 hours at room temperature. The mixture was partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine and dried over sodium sulfate. After removal of the solvent under reduced pressure, the regioisomers were separated using preparative HPLC (Daicel Chiralpeak ID 5 μM 20×250 mm, flow: 80 mL/min, detection at 210 nm, 40° C., 0.0-8.0 min at 81% carbon dioxide/9% methanol). To yield 446.4 mg (27% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.41 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=374 [M+H] +

Intermediate 39

2-[4-chloro-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

The desired regioisomer was obtained by the regioisomeric separation in the synthesis of 2-[4-chloro-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione. 788 mg (50% yield) of the desired product were yielded.

LC-MS (method 11): Rt=1.36 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=374 [M+H] +

Intermediate 40

4-chloro-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 2-[4-chloro-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (446 mg, 1.19 mmol) in ethanol (15 mL) was treated with hydrazine hydrate (1:1) (290 μl, 6.0 mmol) and stirred for 1 h at 80° C. After cooling to room temperature, the precipitate was removed by filtration. The filtrate was taken to dryness to yield the desired product (281 mg, 97% yield).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.06 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=244 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 3.317 (16.00), 5.536 (6.97), 7.119 (0.75), 7.124 (0.81), 7.140 (1.58), 7.146 (1.68), 7.161 (0.88), 7.167 (0.92), 7.288 (0.92), 7.294 (0.87), 7.312 (1.43), 7.318 (1.39), 7.337 (0.95), 7.344 (0.88), 7.469 (1.00), 7.487 (1.29), 7.491 (1.96), 7.508 (1.98), 7.511 (1.12), 7.529 (0.92).

Intermediate 41

4-chloro-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 4-chloro-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine starting from 2-[4-chloro-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (788 mg, 2.11 mmol) to yield 384 mg of the desired product (75% yield).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.06 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=244 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: −0.007 (1.21), 0.006 (0.99), 2.521 (0.42), 3.321 (16.00), 4.913 (12.76), 7.259 (1.43), 7.263 (1.51), 7.276 (3.00), 7.280 (3.06), 7.293 (1.64), 7.297 (1.68), 7.464 (1.99), 7.469 (1.97), 7.483 (2.79), 7.484 (2.83), 7.488 (2.76), 7.503 (2.05), 7.508 (1.99), 7.521 (2.04), 7.534 (2.43), 7.538 (3.83), 7.551 (3.83), 7.555 (2.11), 7.568 (1.79).

Intermediate 42-1

3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-oxopropanenitrile (470 mg, 60% purity, 1.73 mmol, CAS 4640-67-9) in ethanol (3.6 mL) was treated with hydrazine hydrate (1:1) (100 μl, 2.1 mmol). The mixture was refluxed for 3 h and stirred over the weekend at room temperature. The mixture was diluted with started sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, ethanol was removed under reduced pressure. The resulting precipitate was collected by filtration. The filtrate was also taken to dryness and combined with the precipitate to yield 360 mg of a approx. 2:1 mixture of 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine together with 3-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine. The mixture was used in the next reaction.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =0.87 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=178 [M+H] + /R t =0.97 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=204 [M+H] +

Intermediate 42-2

3-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-oxopropanenitrile (470 mg, 60% purity, 1.73 mmol, CAS 4640-67-9) in ethanol (3.6 mL) was treated with hydrazine hydrate (1:1) (100 μl, 2.1 mmol). The mixture was refluxed for 3 h and stirred over the weekend at room temperature. The mixture was diluted with started sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, ethanol was removed under reduced pressure. The resulting precipitate was collected by filtration. The filtrate was also taken to dryness and combined with the precipitate to yield 360 mg of a approx. 2:1 mixture of 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine together with 3-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine. The mixture was used in the next reaction.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =0.87 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=178 [M+H] + /R t =0.97 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=204 [M+H] +

Intermediate 43

4-chloro-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (100 mg, 564 μmol, mixture with the ethoxy-by product out of the step before) in acetonitrile (1.1 ml, 20 mmol) was treated with 1-chloropyrrolidine-2,5-dione (75.4 mg, 564 μmol). The mixture was stirred 30 min at room temperature. Water was added and the mixture was three times extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with water and brine, dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC (method 7) to yield 36 mg (30% yield) of the desired product. The corresponding ethoxy-derivative was also isolated.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.31 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=212 [M+H] +

Intermediate 44

4-chloro-3-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

The desired product was obtained by the separation of the two components in the synthesis of 4-chloro-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine in 20% yield (27 mg).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.42 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=238 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.34 (t, 3H), 4.07 (q, 2H), 4.74 (s, 2H), 7.03 (br d, 2H), 7.63 (br d, 2H), 12.06 (s, 1H).

Intermediate 45

2-methyl-3-oxo-3-phenylpropanenitrile

A solution of propanenitrile (3.0 ml, 42 mmol) in THF (130 mL) was treated with lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide 1M in THF (120 mL, 1.0 M, 120 mmol). Subsequently ethyl benzoate (24 ml, 170 mmol) was added at room temperature. The mixture was stirred for 4 hours at room temperature. Water was added and the mixture was extracted with dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were discarded. The aqueous phase was acidified with aqueous hydrochloric acid and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic phase was washed with water, brine and dried over sodium sulfate. After removal of the solvent under reduced pressure 7.83 g (98% yield) of the desired product were obtained.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.43 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=160 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 1.485 (15.70), 1.503 (16.00), 1.679 (2.50), 1.876 (11.52), 1.878 (13.95), 5.125 (1.69), 5.142 (5.29), 5.160 (5.26), 5.178 (1.64), 7.420 (0.40), 7.429 (0.41), 7.462 (0.76), 7.473 (3.07), 7.477 (3.42), 7.485 (6.48), 7.490 (7.04), 7.496 (1.65), 7.500 (1.30), 7.505 (2.29), 7.525 (1.49), 7.547 (1.82), 7.549 (2.38), 7.552 (2.14), 7.555 (2.00), 7.559 (2.21), 7.565 (1.64), 7.569 (1.70), 7.571 (1.78), 7.574 (1.47), 7.582 (3.45), 7.586 (1.47), 7.600 (7.32), 7.620 (5.31), 7.711 (2.34), 7.714 (1.39), 7.729 (3.48), 7.748 (1.35), 7.751 (0.75), 7.956 (0.68), 7.960 (1.26), 7.964 (1.23), 7.977 (0.93), 7.981 (1.24), 8.031 (6.27), 8.050 (6.00), 10.835 (3.58).

Intermediate 46

4-methyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine starting from 2-methyl-3-oxo-3-phenylpropanenitrile (7.83 g, 83% purity, 40.8 mmol) to yield 3.47 g of the desired product 49% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =0.89 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=174 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: −0.007 (0.91), 1.983 (16.00), 4.467 (1.03), 7.299 (1.65), 7.313 (1.32), 7.418 (3.61), 7.514 (3.90), 7.531 (3.04), 11.566 (0.82).

Intermediate 47

3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropanenitrile

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 2-methyl-3-oxo-3-phenylpropanenitrile starting from propanenitrile (6.4 ml, 89 mmol) and ethyl 4-fluorobenzoate (4.4 ml, 30 mmol) to yield 4.12 g of the desired product (77% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.49 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=178 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 1.493 (15.61), 1.511 (16.00), 1.688 (1.74), 1.881 (12.92), 2.560 (1.31), 5.125 (1.23), 5.143 (3.77), 5.161 (3.74), 5.179 (1.20), 7.296 (1.59), 7.318 (3.35), 7.340 (1.84), 7.412 (3.38), 7.434 (6.92), 7.455 (3.62), 7.617 (1.92), 7.631 (2.22), 7.638 (2.09), 7.652 (1.71), 8.121 (4.30), 8.135 (4.95), 8.143 (4.78), 8.157 (4.13), 10.881 (2.02).

Intermediate 48

3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 4-methyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine starting from 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropanenitrile (4.10 g, 23.1 mmol) to yield 3.86 g of the desired product (86% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =0.98 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=192 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 1.931 (0.42), 1.965 (16.00), 3.336 (1.15), 4.451 (0.49), 7.258 (1.43), 7.554 (1.59), 11.570 (0.45).

Intermediate 49

2-(4-chlorobenzoyl)butanenitrile

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 2-methyl-3-oxo-3-phenylpropanenitrile starting from butanenitrile (710 μl, 8.2 mmol) and methyl 4-chlorobenzoate (5.56 g, 32.6 mmol) to yield 1.57 g of the desired product (93% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.83 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=208 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.989 (7.60), 1.008 (16.00), 1.026 (7.89), 1.057 (2.39), 1.076 (4.91), 1.095 (2.44), 1.763 (0.90), 1.782 (1.44), 1.798 (1.75), 1.817 (2.06), 1.835 (1.34), 1.922 (1.28), 1.935 (1.40), 1.941 (1.51), 1.945 (0.92), 1.953 (1.53), 1.957 (1.42), 1.970 (1.07), 1.975 (1.01), 1.989 (0.79), 2.270 (0.79), 2.289 (2.33), 2.308 (2.25), 2.327 (0.80), 5.136 (2.44), 5.149 (2.73), 5.156 (2.68), 5.169 (2.39), 7.421 (0.62), 7.538 (1.06), 7.544 (1.16), 7.551 (5.96), 7.558 (10.61), 7.563 (3.37), 7.575 (2.31), 7.580 (6.97), 7.654 (1.07), 7.660 (6.98), 7.665 (3.09), 7.677 (2.78), 7.682 (8.02), 7.688 (1.36), 7.924 (0.92), 7.930 (6.97), 7.935 (2.27), 7.947 (2.05), 7.952 (6.41), 8.015 (1.34), 8.022 (8.65), 8.026 (3.25), 8.038 (2.87), 8.043 (7.78), 8.049 (1.16).

Intermediate 50

5-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 4-methyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine starting from 2-(4-chlorobenzoyl)butanenitrile (1.57 g, 7.54 mmol) to yield 1.39 g of the desired product (83% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.36 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=222 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (1.07), 0.008 (1.06), 0.966 (0.72), 0.981 (0.63), 0.984 (0.66), 1.000 (1.93), 1.011 (7.53), 1.030 (16.00), 1.049 (8.81), 2.367 (0.57), 2.399 (3.87), 2.418 (12.08), 2.437 (11.78), 2.455 (3.63), 3.291 (0.63), 3.509 (2.51), 4.444 (1.13), 7.432 (3.66), 7.435 (1.93), 7.490 (10.19), 11.600 (1.36).

Intermediate 51

(4-fluorobenzoyl)propanedinitrile

To sodium hydride (2.52 g, 60% purity, 63.1 mmol) in THF (10 mL) at 0 to 5° C. a solution of propanedinitrile (2.08 g, 31.5 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was added dropwise. The mixture was stirred for 15 minutes, subsequently 4-fluorobenzoyl chloride (3.7 ml, 32 mmol) was added. The mixture was allowed to warm up to room temperature and stirred for 1 hour. The mixture was acidified to pH1 and extracted two times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was triturated from MTBE to yield 4.15 g (67% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.49 min; MS (ESIneg): m/z=187 [M−H] −

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (1.19), 0.008 (1.10), 1.175 (0.51), 1.988 (0.99), 3.575 (2.69), 7.145 (0.89), 7.153 (7.89), 7.158 (2.62), 7.169 (3.36), 7.175 (16.00), 7.180 (3.22), 7.192 (2.84), 7.197 (8.67), 7.204 (0.99), 7.605 (0.93), 7.612 (8.57), 7.617 (3.25), 7.626 (9.32), 7.634 (8.54), 7.643 (3.07), 7.648 (7.91), 7.656 (0.84).

Intermediate 52

[(4-fluorophenyl)(methoxy)methylidene]propanedinitrile

To mixture of sodium hydrogen carbonate (8.45 g, 101 mmol) in water (4.0 mL) and 1,4-dioxane (25 mL) (4-fluorobenzoyl)propanedinitrile (2.37 g, 12.6 mmol) was added. To this mixture dimethyl sulfate (8.9 ml, 93 mmol) was added drop wise and the reaction mixture was refluxed for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature the mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to yield 2 g (79% yield) of the desired product which was used without any further purification in the next step.

Intermediate 53

3-amino-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile

A solution of [(4-fluorophenyl)(methoxy)methylidene]propanedinitrile (930 mg, 4.60 mmol) in 2-propanol (9.3 mL) was treated with methylhydrazine (290 μl, 5.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was refluxed for 2 days. Water was added and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude regioisomeric mixture was separated via preparative HPLC (column: Daicel Chiracel OJ-H-5 5 μM, 250×20 mm, flow 80 mL/min, 92% carbon dioxide/8% methanol, 40° C., detection at 210 nM) to yield 62 mg of the desired product (5% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.23 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=217 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 3.168 (1.37), 3.178 (1.37), 3.318 (13.07), 5.640 (16.00), 7.405 (1.04), 7.411 (6.70), 7.415 (2.60), 7.429 (14.37), 7.442 (2.92), 7.446 (7.97), 7.452 (1.03), 7.602 (1.25), 7.608 (7.98), 7.612 (3.73), 7.619 (8.71), 7.625 (7.47), 7.632 (3.17), 7.636 (6.55), 7.642 (0.74).

Intermediate 54

5-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile

The desired product was obtained out of the regioisomeric separation from example 3-amino-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile in 8% yield (78.5 mg).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.35 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=217 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 3.59 (s, 3H), 6.69 (s, 2H), 7.23-7.34 (m, 2H), 7.73-7.85 (m, 2H).

Intermediate 55

2-(cyclohexylcarbonyl)butanenitrile

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 2-methyl-3-oxo-3-phenylpropanenitrile starting from butanenitrile (1.3 ml, 14 mmol) and methyl cyclohexanecarboxylate (8.3 ml, 58 mmol) to yield 2.13 g of the desired product (82% yield).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.96 min; MS (ESIneg): m/z=178 [M−H] −

Intermediate 56

5-cyclohexyl-4-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 4-methyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine starting from 2-(cyclohexylcarbonyl)butanenitrile (2.13 g, 11.9 mmol) to yield 2.16 g of the desired product (94% yield).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.62 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=194 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.946 (6.97), 0.965 (16.00), 0.984 (7.33), 1.141 (0.68), 1.149 (1.15), 1.172 (0.94), 1.180 (1.53), 1.204 (0.64), 1.211 (0.95), 1.248 (1.11), 1.255 (0.75), 1.279 (2.61), 1.286 (1.68), 1.311 (2.65), 1.342 (1.17), 1.374 (1.17), 1.379 (1.14), 1.405 (2.65), 1.411 (2.61), 1.436 (2.57), 1.442 (2.54), 1.467 (0.92), 1.473 (0.88), 1.658 (4.22), 1.686 (3.41), 1.725 (2.85), 1.757 (2.53), 2.187 (2.22), 2.206 (6.79), 2.225 (6.56), 2.243 (1.99), 2.408 (0.59), 2.416 (1.02), 2.425 (0.65), 2.438 (1.16), 2.446 (1.90), 2.454 (1.09), 2.468 (0.69), 2.476 (1.05), 3.507 (0.47), 4.140 (1.36), 10.860 (0.46).

Intermediate 57

2-(4-methyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 2-[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione starting from 4-methyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (3.47 g, 20.0 mmol) to obtain 6.66 g (99% yield) of the desired product which was used in the next step without any further purification.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.69 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=304 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 1.921 (1.69), 2.029 (16.00), 7.421 (0.74), 7.439 (1.88), 7.457 (1.33), 7.523 (2.34), 7.543 (3.95), 7.562 (2.15), 7.580 (0.94), 7.589 (1.02), 7.595 (1.01), 7.603 (1.32), 7.646 (4.08), 7.665 (3.18), 7.668 (2.35), 7.673 (1.60), 7.681 (0.95), 7.687 (0.92), 7.696 (0.79), 7.935 (0.56), 7.944 (2.50), 7.951 (2.80), 7.957 (2.79), 7.965 (3.92), 7.975 (0.81), 8.000 (0.96), 8.012 (4.19), 8.019 (2.79), 8.026 (2.55), 8.033 (2.13).

Intermediate 58

2-(1,4-dimethyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 2-[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione starting from 2-(4-methyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (2.50 g, 8.24 mmol) to obtain 1.08 g (41% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.87 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=318 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 1.832 (16.00), 3.320 (10.09), 3.745 (0.43), 7.491 (0.64), 7.510 (3.71), 7.529 (6.44), 7.554 (3.89), 7.571 (3.37), 7.589 (1.10), 7.939 (2.61), 7.947 (3.49), 7.953 (3.69), 7.959 (3.62), 8.004 (4.25), 8.012 (3.42), 8.018 (2.74), 8.025 (1.90).

Intermediate 59

2-(1,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

The desired product was obtained in 19% yield (509 mg) out of the regioisomeric separation in the preparation of 2-(1,4-dimethyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione.

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 1.830 (0.71), 1.869 (0.09), 2.030 (16.00), 2.188 (0.09), 2.327 (0.05), 2.668 (0.05), 3.315 (13.69), 3.563 (0.08), 3.785 (0.75), 3.915 (0.08), 5.753 (0.13), 7.345 (0.68), 7.363 (1.92), 7.381 (1.39), 7.443 (2.52), 7.462 (4.21), 7.481 (2.06), 7.512 (0.18), 7.530 (0.29), 7.553 (0.19), 7.571 (0.15), 7.682 (4.21), 7.700 (3.54), 7.965 (2.44), 7.973 (2.91), 7.978 (3.15), 7.986 (3.91), 7.996 (0.87), 8.032 (0.78), 8.042 (3.80), 8.050 (2.99), 8.056 (2.74), 8.063 (2.26).

Intermediate 60

1,4-dimethyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine starting from 2-(1,4-dimethyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (1.08 g, 3.40 mmol) to obtain 404 mg (50% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 16): R t =1.20 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=188 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.006 (1.54), 1.771 (16.00), 1.808 (0.74), 1.862 (1.29), 3.320 (2.48), 3.630 (1.33), 3.643 (0.74), 7.329 (2.78), 7.346 (3.33), 7.349 (3.41), 7.388 (0.50), 7.407 (1.89), 7.425 (1.72), 7.470 (2.64), 7.489 (3.52), 7.508 (1.32), 7.532 (0.51), 8.152 (0.40).

Intermediate 61

1,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine starting from 2-(1,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (500 mg, 1.58 mmol) to obtain 161 mg (54% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 16): R t =1.16 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=188 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 1.435 (0.90), 1.455 (0.80), 1.768 (0.88), 1.984 (16.00), 2.011 (0.43), 3.329 (1.15), 3.350 (0.99), 3.453 (0.92), 3.644 (0.54), 4.929 (1.26), 7.224 (0.70), 7.243 (1.74), 7.260 (1.28), 7.337 (2.31), 7.355 (3.86), 7.374 (1.84), 7.422 (1.05), 7.437 (0.61), 7.551 (4.46), 7.571 (3.64), 7.903 (0.56), 7.923 (0.54), 8.169 (1.35).

Intermediate 62

1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3,5-dimethyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole

A mixture of 3,5-dimethyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole (630 mg, 4.47 mmol), (4-fluorophenyl)boronic acid (625 mg, 4.47 mmol), copper acetate (anhydrous, 1.22 g, 6.80 mmol) and pyridine (3.6 mL) in dichloromethane (6.0 mL) was stirred with 1.0 g of molecular sieves for 2 days at room temperature. The reaction mixture was filtered over Celite and washed with dichloromethane. The organic layer was washed with water. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were dried with sodium sulfate and evaporated under vacuum. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×30 mm/flow: 45 ml/min/eluent: A=water (0.1% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-4.25 min=10% B, 4.50 min=20% B, 15.50 min=85% B, 16.00-18.50 min=100% B, 18.75-22.00 min=20% B) to afford 591 mg (56% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.25 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=236 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (0.46), 2.490 (16.00), 7.416 (1.59), 7.421 (0.56), 7.438 (3.34), 7.454 (0.66), 7.459 (2.02), 7.608 (2.02), 7.614 (0.76), 7.620 (2.11), 7.625 (1.13), 7.631 (1.70), 7.638 (0.67), 7.643 (1.58).

Intermediate 63

1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine

To a solution of 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3,5-dimethyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole (490 mg, 2.08 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) were added iron (582 mg, 10.4 mmol) and concentrated hydrochloric acid (4.9 ml). The reaction mixture was then heated at reflux for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled down and neutralized with a saturated solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate and then filtered. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic layers were gathered, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum, to afford 386 mg of the desired product (90% yield).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =0.42 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=206 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 2.104 (15.64), 2.184 (16.00), 3.317 (0.72), 7.259 (2.36), 7.264 (0.86), 7.281 (4.94), 7.297 (0.99), 7.303 (2.98), 7.433 (0.40), 7.441 (2.98), 7.446 (1.20), 7.453 (3.13), 7.458 (1.66), 7.463 (2.49), 7.471 (0.99), 7.476 (2.25).

Intermediate 64

1-(6-{[4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic Acid

A solution of ethyl 1-(6-{[4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate (400 mg, 863 μmol) in THF was treated with aqueous potassium hydroxide solution (2.6 mL, 2.0 M, 5.2 mmol) and aqueous lithium hydroxide solution (4.3 ml, 1.0 M, 4.3 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 4 hours at 90° C. Additional lithium hydroxide solution (4.3 mL, 1.0 M, 4.3 mmol) were added and the mixture was stirred 2 days at 90° C. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with diethyl ether. The aqueous layer was acidified to pH 3 with hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to yield 310 mg (67% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.78 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=436 [M+H] +

Intermediate 65

4-chloro-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (4.00 g, 25.1 mmol) in acetonitrile (47 mL) was treated with 1-chloropyrrolidine-2,5-dione (3.36 g, 25.1 mmol) and stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with water, brine, dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to yield 5.31 g (quant.) of the desired product which was used without any further purification.

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 4.63-5.43 (m, 2H), 7.24-7.59 (m, 3H), 7.73 (br s, 2H), 11.72-12.33 (m, 1H).

Intermediate 66

1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3,5-dimethyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole starting from 3-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole (1.00 g, 7.87 mmol) and (4-fluorophenyl)boronic acid (2.20 g, 15.7 mmol) to obtain 1.67 g crude product which was used in the next step without any further purification.

Intermediate 67

1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine

To a solution of 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole (1.67 g, 7.55 mmol) in ethanol (50 mL) and ethyl acetate (50 mL) was added palladium on activated carbon (402 mg, 10% purity, 377 μmol) and the suspension was stirred under a hydrogen atmosphere overnight at room temperature. The mixture was filtered over Celite®. The filtrate was evaporated to yield 1.61 g (quant.) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 12): R t =3.96 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=192 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 1.910 (0.57), 2.116 (16.00), 2.136 (0.61), 2.162 (3.81), 4.038 (0.57), 7.171 (1.37), 7.194 (1.95), 7.216 (3.78), 7.238 (2.01), 7.278 (0.46), 7.300 (0.92), 7.322 (0.52), 7.465 (0.60), 7.477 (0.65), 7.487 (0.50), 7.499 (0.44), 7.590 (5.25), 7.615 (2.42), 7.627 (2.56), 7.638 (2.23), 7.650 (1.99).

Intermediate 68

2-(4-chloro-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

4-chloro-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (2.50 g, 12.9 mmol) and 2-benzofuran-1,3-dione (2.87 g, 19.4 mmol) were dissolved in acetic acid (26 mL) and heated under reflux overnight. After rotary evaporation of all volatiles, the crude product (4.18 g, quant.) was used in the next step without further purification.

Intermediate 69

2-(4-chloro-1-methyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

2-(4-chloro-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (4.18 g, 12.9 mmol) and caesium carbonate (60% purity, 14.0 g, 25.8 mmol) were dissolved in dry DMF (32 mL) and treated with iodomethane (1.6 mL, 26 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature overnight. It was quenched with water and the mixture stirred for another 15 min. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration, washed with water (3×) and dried to yield the desired product (4.8 g, 1:1 mixture of regioisomers, 70% purity), which was used in the next step without further purification.

Regioisomer1: LC-MS (method 9): Rt=1.03 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=338 [M+H] +

Regioisomer2: LC-MS (method 9): Rt=1.09 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=338 [M+H] +

Intermediate 70

4-chloro-1-methyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

2-(4-chloro-1-methyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (4.80 g, 14.2 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (120 mL) and treated with hydrazine monohydrate (3.5 mL, 71 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to reflux overnight. After cooling to ambient temperature, the precipitated solid was removed by filtration and washed with ethanol. The combined filtrates were purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: dichloromethane/methanol) and preparative HPLC (column: Daicel Chiracel OJ-H 5 μM, 250×20 mm, flow 100 mL/min, 80% carbon dioxide/20% methanol, 40° C., detection at 210 nM) for the separation of the two regioisomers. The desired product was obtained as a white solid (431 mg, 15% yield).

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 3.309 (16.00), 4.846 (6.68), 7.443 (3.94), 7.464 (6.84), 7.486 (2.33), 7.510 (4.29), 7.529 (4.30), 7.546 (1.30).

Intermediate 71

4-chloro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

The desired product was obtained from the regioisomer separation described for the synthesis of 4-chloro-1-methyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (576 mg, 20%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.39 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=208 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.007 (0.35), 1.038 (0.09), 1.055 (0.20), 1.072 (0.10), 2.327 (0.11), 2.365 (0.08), 2.669 (0.12), 2.709 (0.08), 3.434 (0.09), 3.611 (16.00), 3.783 (0.08), 5.494 (3.59), 7.295 (0.47), 7.314 (1.45), 7.319 (0.47), 7.332 (1.11), 7.382 (1.99), 7.401 (3.20), 7.415 (0.54), 7.420 (1.43), 7.760 (2.67), 7.778 (2.68), 7.781 (1.97).

Intermediate 72

2-[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine (1.50 g, 7.84 mmol) and 2-benzofuran-1,3-dione (1.74 g, 11.8 mmol) were suspended in acetic acid (15 mL) and heated under reflux for 1 hour. After cooling to ambient temperature, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue re-dissolved in methyl t-butyl ether at 50° C. The remaining insoluble solid was collected by filtration and washed further with methyl t-butyl ether. The desired product was obtained, which was used in the next step without further purification (2.2 g, 87% yield).

LC-MS (method 11): Rt=1.22 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=322 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 1.908 (0.50), 1.996 (16.00), 2.327 (0.20), 2.366 (0.15), 2.669 (0.22), 2.709 (0.17), 7.361 (1.84), 7.382 (3.67), 7.404 (2.02), 7.565 (0.21), 7.573 (0.23), 7.579 (0.23), 7.587 (0.30), 7.666 (2.60), 7.680 (3.21), 7.687 (3.04), 7.701 (2.42), 7.940 (3.30), 7.948 (3.94), 7.954 (4.10), 7.962 (6.07), 7.972 (1.27), 7.993 (1.11), 8.003 (5.18), 8.011 (3.63), 8.017 (3.44), 8.025 (2.75), 13.370 (2.34).

Intermediate 73

2-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

2-[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (2.20 g, 6.85 mmol) and potassium carbonate were suspended in DMF (10 mL). Methyl iodide (0.85 mL, 14 mmol) was added and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature overnight. The reaction was quenched by addition of water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The two produced regioisomers were separated by flash column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: ethyl acetate/cyclohexane 0:100 to 50:50 gradient). The desired product was isolated as a white solid (965 mg, 42% yield) separated from its regioisomer.

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 1.156 (0.32), 1.174 (0.67), 1.191 (0.33), 1.396 (1.96), 1.987 (1.30), 2.017 (15.46), 3.735 (16.00), 4.019 (0.31), 4.037 (0.29), 7.265 (1.96), 7.287 (4.06), 7.309 (2.15), 7.705 (2.15), 7.711 (0.89), 7.719 (2.38), 7.727 (2.19), 7.736 (0.84), 7.742 (1.96), 7.963 (2.25), 7.971 (2.46), 7.977 (2.43), 7.985 (3.72), 7.995 (0.56), 8.030 (0.54), 8.040 (3.89), 8.047 (2.54), 8.053 (2.57), 8.061 (2.24).

Intermediate 74

2-[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

The desired product was obtained from the regioisomer separation described for 2-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione (904 mg, 39% yield).

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 1.156 (0.26), 1.173 (0.53), 1.191 (0.27), 1.656 (0.08), 1.817 (15.98), 1.976 (0.10), 1.987 (0.98), 2.017 (0.09), 2.327 (0.08), 2.365 (0.06), 2.669 (0.09), 2.709 (0.06), 3.595 (0.08), 3.735 (0.11), 3.773 (16.00), 3.947 (0.08), 4.001 (0.08), 4.019 (0.24), 4.037 (0.23), 4.054 (0.08), 7.377 (1.84), 7.399 (3.98), 7.421 (2.25), 7.574 (2.33), 7.579 (1.03), 7.587 (2.64), 7.595 (2.15), 7.609 (1.84), 7.934 (2.16), 7.942 (2.49), 7.948 (2.57), 7.955 (3.92), 7.966 (0.73), 7.987 (0.69), 7.998 (3.84), 8.006 (2.45), 8.012 (2.32), 8.020 (1.95).

Intermediate 75

3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

2-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (965 mg, 2.88 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (24 mL) and hydrazine monohydrate (0.70 mL, 14 mmol) was added at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was heated under reflux for 2 hours. After cooling to room-temperature, the precipitated white solid was removed by filtration and washed with ethanol. The combined filtrate was concentrated and the residue purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: dichlormethane/methanol 92:8) to yield 515 mg of the desired product (85% yield).

LC-MS (method 11): Rt=0.79 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=206 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: −0.009 (0.15), 0.007 (0.15), 1.234 (0.05), 1.753 (0.07), 1.810 (0.08), 1.970 (15.83), 2.125 (0.08), 2.327 (0.06), 2.366 (0.05), 2.669 (0.07), 2.709 (0.05), 3.377 (0.09), 3.439 (0.07), 3.552 (16.00), 3.724 (0.08), 4.948 (3.84), 7.151 (0.19), 7.158 (1.78), 7.163 (0.60), 7.175 (0.76), 7.181 (3.78), 7.186 (0.75), 7.198 (0.65), 7.203 (2.07), 7.211 (0.24), 7.557 (0.22), 7.564 (2.01), 7.570 (0.80), 7.578 (2.19), 7.586 (2.07), 7.595 (0.76), 7.600 (1.85), 7.608 (0.21).

Intermediate 76

5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

2-[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (904 mg, 2.70 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (22.6 mL) and hydrazine monohydrate (0.65 mL, 13.5 mmol) was added at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was heated under reflux for 2 hours. After cooling to room-temperature, the precipitated white solid was removed by filtration and washed with ethanol. The combined filtrate was concentrated and the residue purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: dichlormethane/methanol 92:8) to yield 451 mg of the desired product as a white solid (82% yield).

LC-MS (method 11): Rt=0.88 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=206 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 1.753 (15.74), 2.669 (0.14), 3.439 (16.00), 4.442 (3.93), 7.293 (1.45), 7.298 (0.57), 7.309 (0.86), 7.315 (3.99), 7.321 (0.83), 7.332 (0.74), 7.337 (2.71), 7.372 (2.60), 7.378 (0.97), 7.386 (2.85), 7.394 (1.76), 7.402 (0.65), 7.408 (1.41).

Intermediate 77

ethyl 1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate

A solution of 4-chloro-6-hydrazinylpyrimidine (2.00 g, 13.8 mmol) and ethyl 2,4-dioxopentanoate (2.19 g, 13.8 mmol) in ethanol (40 ml) was refluxed overnight. After cooling to room temperature a precipitate was formed which was filtered and dried to afford 2.25 g (61% yield) of the desired product. The filtrate was processed further to yield the regioisomeric product.

LC-MS (method 11): Rt=1.33 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=267 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): δ [ppm]: 1.32 (t, 4H), 4.34 (q, 3H), 6.88 (d, 1H), 8.02 (d, 1H), 9.05 (d, 1H).

Intermediate 78

ethyl 1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate

The filtrate out of the synthesis of ethyl 1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate was concentrated and purified by reparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×30 mm/flow: 45 ml/min/eluent: A=water (0.1% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-4.25 min=10% B, 4.50 min=20% B, 15.50 min=85% B, 16.00-18.50 min=100% B, 18.75-22.00 min=20% B) to afford the desired product (544 mg, 15% yield).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.28 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=267 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 1.214 (4.65), 1.232 (9.58), 1.250 (4.68), 1.304 (0.72), 1.322 (1.49), 1.340 (0.82), 2.289 (0.52), 2.316 (16.00), 2.722 (2.13), 4.280 (1.61), 4.298 (4.62), 4.315 (4.72), 4.333 (2.02), 4.349 (0.72), 6.883 (0.57), 6.914 (4.78), 7.985 (3.83), 8.026 (0.61), 8.933 (3.80), 9.047 (0.60).

Intermediate 79

2-[4-chloro-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 2-[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione starting from 4-chloro-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (1.14 g, 5.39 mmol) and 2-benzofuran-1,3-dione (1.20 g, 8.08 mmol) to yield 2.0 g of the desired product [quant.].

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.86 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=342 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: −0.149 (0.52), −0.008 (4.13), 0.008 (3.94), 0.146 (0.50), 1.910 (0.92), 2.074 (1.32), 2.329 (0.50), 2.368 (0.52), 2.525 (1.57), 2.667 (0.40), 2.672 (0.54), 2.712 (0.52), 7.427 (6.99), 7.449 (14.26), 7.471 (7.64), 7.571 (1.75), 7.579 (1.92), 7.585 (1.83), 7.593 (2.62), 7.603 (0.41), 7.670 (1.29), 7.678 (1.19), 7.683 (1.19), 7.691 (0.92), 7.848 (8.15), 7.862 (9.33), 7.870 (8.83), 7.883 (7.57), 7.978 (8.99), 7.986 (10.59), 7.992 (11.17), 8.000 (16.00), 8.010 (3.32), 8.021 (1.02), 8.038 (2.68), 8.048 (13.92), 8.056 (10.03), 8.062 (9.64), 8.070 (8.09), 8.081 (1.45), 8.095 (0.54), 8.103 (0.48), 14.071 (8.74).

Intermediate 80

2-[4-chloro-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 2-[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione starting from 2-[4-chloro-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (2.20 g, 6.44 mmol) and iodomethane (800 μl, 13 mmol) to yield 601 mg of the desired product (23% yield) after separation of the regioisomers (Instrument: THAR SFC-Super Chrom Prep 200, column: Chirapak AD-H (SFC) 5 μm, 250×30 mm, eluent: carbon dioxide/methanol 76:24, pressure: 135 bar, temperature eluent: 38° C., temperature Zyklon: 40° C., pressure Zyklon 24 bar, flow: 108 g/min, UV 210 nm).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.99 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=356 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 3.764 (0.61), 3.784 (1.31), 3.873 (16.00), 7.434 (2.11), 7.456 (4.30), 7.478 (2.35), 7.688 (2.38), 7.693 (1.22), 7.701 (2.60), 7.710 (2.33), 7.718 (0.97), 7.723 (1.99), 7.973 (2.24), 7.981 (2.53), 7.987 (2.62), 7.995 (3.88), 8.005 (0.67), 8.035 (0.65), 8.045 (3.91), 8.053 (2.60), 8.059 (2.63), 8.066 (2.23).

Intermediate 81

2-[4-chloro-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

The desired product was obtained out of the separation of the regiosiomers in the preparation of 2-[4-chloro-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (789 mg, 34%).

LC-MS (method 10): Rt=2.14 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=357 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): δ [ppm]: 3.87 (s, 3H), 7.28-7.40 (m, 2H), 7.86-7.93 (m, 2H), 7.98-8.04 (m, 2H), 8.07-8.14 (m, 2H).

Intermediate 82

4-chloro-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine starting from 2-[4-chloro-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (600 mg, 1.69 mmol) and hydrazine hydrate (1:1) (410 μl, 8.4 mmol) to yield 370 mg of the desired product (97% yield) after cyrstallisation from acetonitrile.

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): δ [ppm]: 3.52 (s, 3H), 4.86 (s, 2H), 7.32-7.42 (m, 2H), 7.48-7.56 (m, 2H).

Intermediate 83

4-chloro-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of 4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine starting from 2-[4-chloro-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (790 mg, 2.22 mmol) to yield 490 mg of the desired product (96% yield) after cyrstallisation from acetonitrile.

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ [ppm]: 3.60 (s, 3H), 5.52 (s, 2H), 7.17-7.32 (m, 2H), 7.72-7.91 (m, 2H).

Intermediate 84

ethyl 1-(6-{[4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate

The described product was prepared in a manner analogous to that described in the preparation of N-[4-cyclopropyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-6-(3-methyl-1H-indazol-1-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine starting from 4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine (100 mg, 456 μmol) and ethyl 1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate (122 mg, 456 μmol) to yield the desired product 106 mg (52% yield).

LC-MS (method 11): Rt=1.43 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=450 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (0.67), 0.008 (0.46), 0.877 (3.86), 0.896 (8.85), 0.914 (3.98), 1.074 (0.65), 1.091 (1.28), 1.109 (0.65), 1.196 (5.36), 1.214 (11.31), 1.231 (5.47), 2.272 (16.00), 2.299 (0.98), 2.318 (2.72), 2.336 (2.64), 2.355 (0.85), 3.314 (7.67), 3.375 (0.66), 3.392 (0.63), 4.239 (1.72), 4.257 (5.40), 4.275 (5.33), 4.293 (1.66), 6.750 (5.30), 7.256 (1.59), 7.358 (2.08), 7.363 (0.78), 7.380 (4.69), 7.402 (2.78), 7.506 (2.79), 7.511 (1.21), 7.519 (3.13), 7.527 (2.45), 7.536 (1.02), 7.541 (2.07), 8.413 (3.12), 9.581 (1.76).

Intermediate 85

Sodium (2E)-3-cyano-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate

1-(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl)ethanone (1000 mg, 7.99 mmol, CAS 6497-21-8) was dissolved in ethanol and the mixture was added to an ethanolic solution of sodium hydroxide (320 mg, 7.99 mmol) which was cooled in dry ice. The white powder that precipitates was filtered and washed with ethanol. The crude product was used as such in the next step 995 mg (84% yield).

Intermediate 86

3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile

A mixture of sodium (2E)-3-cyano-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate (995 mg, 6.78 mmol) and hydrazine hydrate (1:1) (390 μl, 8.0 mmol) in water (10 mL) was refluxed overnight. After cooling to room temperature the reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum to afford 1.03 g (quant.) of the desired product which was used as such in the next step.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =0.58 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=122 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 1.609 (0.43), 2.041 (0.70), 2.084 (16.00), 2.242 (3.61), 3.473 (0.45).

Intermediate 87

1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile

4,6-dichloropyrimidine (1.27 g, 8.50 mmol), 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile (1.03 g, 8.50 mmol) and caesium carbonate were dissolved in DMF. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. Water was added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The precipitate was filtered, washed with water and dried under reduced pressure to afford the desired product 1.06 g (53% yield), which was used as such in the next step.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.28 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=234 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 2.339 (0.76), 2.378 (15.68), 2.403 (1.58), 2.732 (0.44), 2.781 (0.70), 2.826 (16.00), 2.868 (1.38), 2.891 (0.55), 5.754 (0.68), 8.014 (2.62), 9.038 (2.54).

Intermediate 88

2-[1-(2-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}ethyl)-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (1.27 g, 3.80 mmol) and (2-bromoethoxy)(tert-butyl)dimethylsilane (1.6 ml, 7.6 mmol) in DMF (7.0 ml) was treated with potassium carbonate (1.05 g, 7.60 mmol) and stirred at room temperature of 4 days. The mixture was diluted with water and ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic phases were gathered, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel using cyclohexane/ethyl acetate to afford two region isomers.

The desired product was obtained in 31% yield (575 mg).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.80 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=494 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.221 (0.06), −0.071 (11.32), −0.042 (0.17), −0.006 (1.77), 0.041 (0.14), 0.076 (0.05), 0.617 (0.08), 0.774 (16.00), 0.790 (2.87), 0.809 (1.41), 0.848 (0.21), 0.929 (0.08), 1.049 (0.03), 1.151 (0.07), 1.168 (0.14), 1.186 (0.07), 1.982 (0.25), 2.187 (0.38), 2.206 (1.07), 2.225 (1.03), 2.244 (0.32), 2.322 (0.03), 2.362 (0.03), 2.665 (0.03), 3.896 (0.61), 3.909 (1.30), 3.922 (0.74), 4.014 (0.09), 4.045 (0.81), 4.058 (1.25), 4.071 (0.53), 7.365 (0.61), 7.387 (1.29), 7.409 (0.72), 7.566 (0.83), 7.580 (0.95), 7.588 (0.79), 7.602 (0.63), 7.937 (0.80), 7.945 (0.91), 7.951 (0.94), 7.959 (1.26), 7.969 (0.25), 7.997 (0.29), 8.007 (1.31), 8.015 (0.90), 8.020 (0.82), 8.028 (0.68).

Intermediate 89

1-(2-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}ethyl)-4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

2-[1-(2-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}ethyl)-4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (875 mg, 1.77 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol and treated with hydrazine hydrate (1:1) (430 μl, 8.9 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 90° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under vacuum and was used as such in the next step.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.58 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=364 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: −0.096 (0.56), −0.089 (12.22), −0.081 (0.57), 0.774 (16.00), 0.889 (0.98), 0.907 (2.34), 0.926 (1.05), 2.169 (0.91), 2.188 (0.88), 3.724 (0.93), 3.736 (0.74), 3.771 (0.76), 3.783 (0.97), 4.480 (0.88), 7.280 (0.50), 7.302 (1.24), 7.325 (0.77), 7.386 (0.79), 7.400 (0.88), 7.408 (0.63), 7.422 (0.52).

Intermediate 90

N-[1-(2-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}ethyl)-4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-6-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine

A flame-dried three-necked round-bottom flask equipped with a reflux condenser was charged with 1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine (347 mg, 1.5 mmol), 1-(2-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}ethyl)-4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine (551 mg, 1.5 mmol) and sodium phenoxide (264 mg, 2.3 mmol). The solids were suspended in dry 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) and the mixture was degassed by bubbling Argon through the solution for 3 min. Tris(dibenzylidenacetone)dipalladium (27 mg, 30 μmol) and XantPhos (43 mg, 78 μmol) were added and the mixture again degassed for 1 min. The reaction mixture was heated at 85° C. for 16 hours. After cooling to ambient temperature, the mixture was purified by preparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×30 mm/flow: 45 ml/min/eluent: A=water (0.1% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-4.25 min=20% B, 4.50 min=70% B, 15.50 min=85% B, 16.00-23.00 min=100% B, 23.00-27.00 min=20% B) to afford the desired product (250 mg, 31% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.99 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=536 [M+H] +

Intermediate 91

N-(1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-6-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine trifluoroacetate

A flame-dried three-necked round-bottom flask equipped with a reflux condenser was charged with 1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine (1.00 g, 9.00 mmol), 4-chloro-6-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidine (2.06 g, 9.90 mmol) and sodium phenoxide (1.57 g, 13.5 mmol). The solids were suspended in dry 1,4-dioxane (18 mL) and the mixture was degassed by bubbling Argon through the solution for 3 min. Tris(dibenzylidenacetone)dipalladium (124 mg, 135 μmol) and XantPhos (156 mg, 270 μmol) were added and the mixture again degassed for 1 min. The reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 16 hours. After cooling to ambient temperature, the mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and filtered through Celite. The combined washings were concentrated and the residue purified by preparative HPLC (column: Chromatorex C18; 250*40 mm, 10 μM, flow 100 mL/min, gradient acetonitrile/water (containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid) 90/10 to 5/95) to yield the desired product as its trifluoroacetate salt (1.05 g, 29% yield).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.07 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=284 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (1.26), 0.008 (0.69), 1.878 (12.45), 2.073 (0.47), 2.169 (14.25), 2.519 (0.73), 2.524 (0.65), 2.609 (12.08), 3.688 (0.42), 3.751 (16.00), 6.117 (3.23), 7.171 (3.60), 7.484 (3.07), 8.415 (3.31), 9.254 (2.53).

Intermediate 92

2-methyl-3-oxo-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]propanenitrile

Methyl 4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoate (5.00 g, 22.7 mmol) and propanenitrile (2.4 mL, 34 mmol) were dissolved in THF and cooled with a water bath to 20° C. Lithium 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazan-2-ide (1.0 M, 35 mL, 35 mmol) was added slowly and the reaction mixture stirred at ambient temperature for 2 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by the addition of water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated. The residue obtained was used in the next step without further purification (4.00 g, 55% yield, 76% purity).

Intermediate 93

4-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

2-methyl-3-oxo-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]propanenitrile (4.00 g, 16.4 mmol, 76% purity) was dissolved in ethanol and hydrazine monohydrate (1.6 mL, 33 mmol) was added dropwise via a syringe. The reaction mixture was heated under reflux overnight. All volatiles were removed under reduced pressure and the residue purified by preparative HPLC (column: Chromatorex C18; 250*40 mm, 10 μM, flow 100 mL/min, gradient acetonitrile/water (containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid) 90/10 to 5/95) to yield the desired product as a yellow solid (3.0 g, 80% purity, 56% yield).

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: −0.015 (0.51), 1.278 (0.11), 1.297 (0.24), 1.316 (0.12), 1.885 (0.08), 2.047 (16.00), 2.205 (0.08), 2.322 (0.09), 2.361 (0.09), 2.664 (0.10), 2.705 (0.09), 2.798 (0.11), 2.817 (0.11), 7.508 (2.65), 7.530 (3.25), 7.693 (0.66), 7.700 (5.14), 7.705 (1.55), 7.717 (1.49), 7.722 (4.07), 7.729 (0.46), 7.970 (0.37), 7.977 (2.89), 7.982 (0.90), 7.994 (0.92), 7.999 (2.59), 8.141 (0.13), 8.163 (0.13), 11.057 (0.09).

Intermediate 94

2-{4-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-yl}-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

4-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (2.00 g, 7.78 mmol) and 2-benzofuran-1,3-dione (1.73 g, 11.7 mmol) were suspended in acetic acid (15 mL) and heated under reflux. After 30 min of heating, all solids were completely dissolved. The reaction mixture was stirred under reflux overnight until full conversion of starting material. After cooling to ambient temperature, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and co-evaporated with methanol (3×). The residue thus obtained was used in the next step without further purification. (3.0 g, 99% yield)

LC-MS (method 10): Rt=2.00 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=388 [M+H] +

Intermediate 95

2-{1,4-dimethyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-3-yl}-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

2-{4-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-yl}-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (3.00 g, 7.75 mmol) and potassium carbonate (2.14 g, 15.5 mmol) were suspended in DMF (11 mL), when iodomethane (960 μL, 15 mmol) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature overnight. It was quenched by addition of water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (cyclohexane/etyhl acetate gradient) to yield the desired product together with its regioisomer as a mixture (˜1:1) as a yellow solid (2.0 g, 64%).

LC-MS (method 10): Rt=2.15 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=402 [M+H] +

Intermediate 96

1,4-dimethyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

The mixture of 2-{1,4-dimethyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-3-yl}-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione and its regioisomer (2.00 g, 4.98 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (43 mL) and hydrazine monohydrate was added (1.2 mL, 25 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated under reflux overnight. After cooling to ambient temperature, all volatiles were removed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by preparative HPLC (column: Daicel Chiralpak IF 250×20 mm, 5 m, Flow: 15 mL/min, T=35° C., eluent: n-heptane/ethanol 75:25) to yield the desired product (329 mg, 24% yield) as a single isomer along with its regioisomer (see Intermediate 106).

LC-MS (method 10): Rt=1.57 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=272 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]:) 1.77 (s, 3H), 2.86 (s, 3H), 4.48 (s, 2H), 7.46-7.52 (m, 4H).

Intermediate 97

1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

2-(4-fluorobenzoyl)butanenitrile (300 mg, 1.57 mmol) was dissolved in 2-propanol (10 ml). Then, (cyclopropylmethyl)hydrazine dihydrochloride (299 mg, 1.88 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at reflux overnight. After cooling to room temperature a 1 M solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate was added and the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuum. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×30 mm/flow: 45 ml/min/eluent: A=water (0.1% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-4.25 min=10% B, 4.50 min=20% B, 15.50 min=85% B, 16.00-18.50 min=100% B, 18.75-22.00 min=20% B) to afford 154 mg (38% yield).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.08 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=261 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.31-0.49 (m, 4H), 1.00 (t, 3H), 1.13-1.29 (m, 1H), 2.43 (q, 2H), 3.79 (d, 2H), 4.90 (s, 2H), 7.11-7.26 (m, 2H), 7.47-7.65 (m, 2H).

Intermediate 98

1-cyclopropyl-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

2-(4-fluorobenzoyl)butanenitrile (300 mg, 1.57 mmol) was dissolved in 2-propanol (10 ml). Then, cyclopropylhydrazine dihydrochloride (273 mg, 1.88 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at reflux overnight. After cooling to room temperature a 1 M solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate was added and the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuum. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×30 mm/flow: 45 ml/min/eluent: A=water (0.1% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-4.25 min=10% B, 4.50 min=20% B, 15.50 min=85% B, 16.00-18.50 min=100% B, 18.75-22.00 min=20% B) to afford 209 mg (54% yield).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =0.96 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=247 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (0.84), 0.008 (0.73), 0.888 (1.03), 0.904 (3.46), 0.909 (3.52), 0.920 (4.25), 0.927 (3.61), 0.935 (3.47), 0.951 (2.66), 0.962 (6.82), 0.972 (9.67), 0.981 (2.34), 0.990 (16.00), 1.009 (6.89), 2.387 (1.94), 2.405 (6.08), 2.424 (5.97), 2.443 (1.86), 3.251 (1.03), 3.261 (1.76), 3.269 (2.27), 3.279 (2.75), 3.283 (1.88), 3.288 (1.88), 3.296 (1.77), 3.306 (1.09), 5.017 (4.79), 7.149 (0.46), 7.157 (3.96), 7.162 (1.43), 7.174 (1.85), 7.179 (8.35), 7.185 (1.84), 7.197 (1.53), 7.202 (4.61), 7.209 (0.55), 7.498 (0.60), 7.506 (4.61), 7.511 (1.88), 7.519 (5.10), 7.527 (4.66), 7.536 (1.79), 7.541 (4.12), 7.549 (0.54), 8.182 (0.93).

Intermediate 99

1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

2-(4-fluorobenzoyl)butanenitrile (300 mg, 1.57 mmol) was dissolved in 2-propanol (10 ml). Then, (cyclopropylmethyl)hydrazine dihydrochloride (299 mg, 1.88 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at reflux overnight. A 1 M solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate was added and the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuum. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×30 mm/flow: 45 ml/min/eluent: A=water (0.1% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-4.25 min=10% B, 4.50 min=20% B, 15.50 min=85% B, 16.00-18.50 min=100% B, 18.75-22.00 min=20% B) to afford 154 mg (38% yield) as desired product.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.06 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=261.2 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 0.29-0.50 (m, 4H), 1.00 (t, 3H), 1.14-1.28 (m, 1H), 2.43 (q, 2H), 3.79 (d, 2H), 4.90 (s, 2H), 7.13-7.24 (m, 2H), 7.51-7.61 (m, 2H).

Intermediate 100

2-[4-chloro-1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[4-chloro-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (3.00 g, 8.78 mmol) in DMF (30 ml) was treated with 2,2-difluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (1.3 ml, 9.7 mmol) and (5.72 g, 17.6 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture was treated with water. Ethyl acetate was added and the water layer was extracted twice. The organic phase was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The crude product was purified by column flash chromatography (cyclohexane/ethyl acetate) to afford two fractions corresponding to the two regioisomers of the desired product. The desired one was obtained in 20% yield (709 mg).

LC-MS (method 11): Rt=1.47 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=406 [M+H] +

Intermediate 101

2-[4-chloro-1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[4-chloro-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (3.00 g, 8.78 mmol) in DMF (30 ml) was treated with 2,2-difluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (1.3 ml, 9.7 mmol) and (5.72 g, 17.6 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. LC/MS showed no more starting material. The reaction mixture was quenched with water. Ethyl acetate was added and the water layer was extracted twice. The organic phase was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The crude product was purified by column flash chromatography (cyclohexane/ethyl acetate) to afford two fractions corresponding to the two regioisomers of the desired product. The desired regiosimere was obtained in 12% yield (427 mg).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.40 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=406 [m+H] +

Intermediate 102

4-chloro-1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

2-[4-chloro-1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (709 mg, 17.5 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (5 mL) and treated with hydrazine hydrate (0.42 mL, 8.7 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under vacuum. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×30 mm/flow: 45 ml/min/eluent: A=water (0.1% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-4.25 min=20% B, 4.50 min=70% B, 15.50 min=85% B, 16.00-23.00 min=100% B, 23.00-27.00 min=20% B) to afford 79.2 mg as desired product (16%).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.21 min; MS (ESIneg): m/z=274 [M−H] −

Intermediate 103

4-chloro-1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

2-[4-chloro-1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (427 mg, 1.05 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (5.0 ml) and treated with hydrazine hydrate (1:1) (260 μl, 5.3 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under vacuum. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×30 mm/flow: 45 ml/min/eluent: A=water (0.1% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-4.25 min=20% B, 4.50 min=70% B, 15.50 min=85% B, 16.00-23.00 min=100% B, 23.00-27.00 min=20% B) to afford 193 mg (67% yield) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.16 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=277 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 4.18 (td, 2H), 5.11 (s, 2H), 6.03-6.39 (m, 1H), 7.34-7.42 (m, 2H), 7.43-7.53 (m, 2H).

Intermediate 104

2-(4-fluoro-2-methylbenzoyl)butanenitrile

Methyl 4-fluoro-2-methylbenzoate (2.00 g, 11.9 mmol) and butanenitrile (3.1 ml, 36 mmol) are placed in a flask placed under argon and were dissolved in THF (30 ml, 370 mmol). The solution was cooled with a water bath to keep the reaction at room temperature. To this solution lithium 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazan-2-ide (37 ml, 1.0 M, 37 mmol) was slowly added over 10 minutes. Water and ethyl acetate were added, the mixture was subsequently stirred for 10 minutes and acidified with aqueous hydrochloric acid. The mixture was three times extracted with ethyl acetate, the combined organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The crude product (quant.) was used without any further purification in the next step.

LC-MS (method 9): Rt=1.25 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=206 [M+H] +

Intermediate 105

4-ethyl-5-(4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

2-(4-fluoro-2-methylbenzoyl)butanenitrile (2.50 g, 12.2 mmol) were dissolved in ethanol (13 ml, 220 mmol), hydrazine (1.5 ml, 64% purity, 30 mmol) was added via syringe. The mixture was heated overnight at 95° C. bath temperature. After cooling to room temperature the reaction mixture was diluted with saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution and extracted two times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated. The crude product was purified b flash chromatography von silica gel (dichloromethane/methanol) to yield the desired product (quant.).

LC-MS (method 9): Rt=0.90 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=221 [M+H]+

Intermediate 106

1,4-dimethyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

This compound was obtained during the separation of regioisomers as described above for 1,4-dimethyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-3-amine by preparative HPLC (column: Daicel Chiralpak IF 250×20 mm, 5 m, Flow: 15 mL/min, T=35° C., eluent: n-heptane/ethanol 75:25) (single isomer, 467 mg, 34% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.54 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=272 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ [ppm]: 2.00 (s, 3H), 3.57 (s, 3H), 4.99 (br s, 2H), 7.35 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.66-7.71 (m, 2H).

Intermediate 107

3-methyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-4H-indazol-4-one

2-Acetylcyclohexane-1,3-dione (1.30 g, 8.43 mmol), hydrazine monohydrate (2.1 ml, 42 mmol) and p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (80.2 mg, 422 μmol) were suspended in ethanol (70 mL) and the reaction mixture was heated to reflux overnight. After cooling to ambient temperature, it was diluted with tetrahydrofuran (65 mL) and aqueous hydrochloric acid (2 M, 75 mL) and vigorously stirred for further 5 h. All organic phase solvents were removed under reduced pressure and the residual aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate. The aqueous phase was basicified with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phase extracts were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to yield the desired product (1.16 g, 89% yield) that was used in the next step without further purification.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =0.42 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=151 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.149 (0.55), −0.008 (4.91), 0.008 (4.60), 0.146 (0.56), 1.175 (0.57), 1.908 (1.40), 1.970 (5.21), 1.988 (6.92), 2.006 (5.54), 2.021 (3.61), 2.286 (16.00), 2.315 (9.86), 2.329 (13.89), 2.344 (8.13), 2.367 (1.52), 2.396 (15.12), 2.524 (1.38), 2.669 (3.83), 2.681 (5.70), 2.696 (3.71), 2.764 (3.98), 2.778 (5.96), 2.792 (3.40), 12.741 (1.73), 12.888 (1.29).

Intermediate 108

1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-4H-indazol-4-one

4,6-Dichloropyrimidine (1.15 g, 7.71 mmol), 3-methyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-4H-indazol-4-one (1.16 g, 7.71 mmol) and cesium carbonate (2.51 g, 7.71 mmol) were dissolved in dimethylformamide (55 mL) and stirred at ambient temperature overnight. Water was then added to cause precipitation of a white solid. After 5 minutes further stirring, the precipitated solid was collected by filtration and dried in an oven at 40° C. overnight to yield the desired product (1.34 g, 58% yield).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.90 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=263 [M+H] +

Intermediate 109

4-(2-cyanopropanoyl)benzonitrile

Ethyl 4-cyanobenzoate (10.0 g, 57.1 mmol) and propiononitrile (8.1 ml, 110 mmol) were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (170 mL) and bis-(trimethylsilyl)lithiumamide (1.0 m in tetrahydrofuran, 120 mL, 120 mmol) was added to this solution dropwise at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was allowed to stir overnight. The reaction mixture was quenched by addition of water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic phase was discarded. The product-containing aqueous phase was acidified with aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (6 M) and extracted with dichloromethane (2×). The combined organic phase extracts were washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was resuspended in diethylether and vigorously stirred. The remaining solid was filtered, washed with diethylether and dried. The product (7.83 g, 75% yield) was used in the next step without further purification.

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.70 min; MS (ESIneg): m/z=183 [M−H] −

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.473 (3.09), 1.491 (3.18), 1.669 (2.16), 1.892 (16.00), 5.178 (0.78), 5.196 (0.77), 7.616 (0.53), 7.637 (0.59), 7.736 (3.94), 7.757 (4.82), 7.950 (4.87), 7.971 (4.05), 8.047 (0.42), 8.073 (1.09), 8.094 (1.90), 8.155 (2.02), 8.176 (1.19), 11.149 (1.39).

Intermediate 110

4-(3-amino-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzonitrile

4-(2-cyanopropanoyl)benzonitrile (7.00 g, 38.0 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (85 mL) and hydrazine monohydrate (2.4 ml, 49 mmol) was added at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was heated to reflux and stirred for 3 h. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was quenched with aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution (1 M, 50 mL). All volatiles were removed by rotary evaporation causing a yellow solid to precipitate. The solid was filtered, washed with water and dried under vacuum to yield the desired product (6.8 g, 90% yield)

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.09 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=199 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 2.02 (s, 3H) 4.68 (s, 2H) 7.75 (d, J=8.44 Hz, 2H) 7.87 (d, J=8.44 Hz, 2H) 11.50-12.16 (br s, 1H).

Intermediate 111

4-chloro-6-[4-chloro-5-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]pyrimidine

4-Chloro-6-[5-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]pyrimidine (1.00 g, 4.09 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (20 mL) and treated with N-chlorosuccinimide (655 mg, 4.91 mmol) at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight. As LC-MS did not show full conversion, a second aliquot of N-chlorosuccinimide (700 mg, 5.24 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture allowed to stir overnight. Water (75 mL) was added to cause precipitation of a beige solid that was filtered, washed with water and dried under vacuum to yield the desired product (975 mg, 78% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.19 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=279 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 2.327 (16.00), 7.817 (1.38), 7.947 (2.75), 8.015 (2.73), 8.078 (1.33), 9.001 (2.65).

Intermediate 112

4-[5-amino-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile

4-(2-cyanopropanoyl)benzonitrile (35.0 g, 190 mmol) was dissolved in 2-propanol (500 mL) and the reaction mixture was heated to 80° C. A solution of (cyclopropylmethyl)hydrazine dihydrochloride (2 M in ethanol, 103 mL, 206 mmol) was added dropwise and the reaction mixture was allowed stir at reflux for 3 days. After cooling to 0° C., the precipitated solid was filtered and discarded, the filtrate was concentrated (but not to dryness). It was diluted with water and basicified with solid sodium hydrogencarbonate to pH 7-8. This mixture was extracted with methyl tert-butylether (3×). The combined organic phase extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (750 g silica gel, gradient cychlohexane/ethyl acetate 80/20 to 50/50) to yield the desired product (29.6 g, 61% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.47 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=253 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.007 (1.21), 0.354 (3.82), 0.365 (4.26), 0.402 (0.40), 0.431 (3.12), 0.451 (3.41), 1.184 (0.44), 1.199 (0.92), 1.214 (1.17), 1.231 (0.88), 2.033 (15.49), 2.034 (15.43), 3.824 (5.03), 3.841 (4.95), 5.022 (6.26), 7.778 (1.20), 7.798 (16.00), 7.821 (1.09).

Intermediate 113

tert-butyl (2Z)-3-(methylamino)but-2-enoate (10:1 mixture with (2E)-Isomer)

To a suspension of tert-butyl 3-oxobutanoate (17 ml, 100 mmol) and silica gel (1.05 g) was added an aqueous solution of methylamine (40%, 10 mL, 120 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. GC-MS showed full conversion to product. Brine was added and the reaction mixture was extracted with dichloromethane (3×). The combined organic phase extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, concentrated and dried to yield the desired product (16.9 g, 99% yield) as a 10:1 mixture of olefin isomers. The product was used in the next step without further purification.

GC-MS (method 15): R t =3.61 min; MS (EI): m/z=171 [M].

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.371 (16.00), 1.837 (4.88), 2.122 (0.45), 2.819 (2.83), 2.833 (2.81), 4.260 (1.34).

Intermediate 114

tert-butyl (2Z)-2-(difluoroacetyl)-3-(methylamino)but-2-enoate (10:1 mixture with (2E)-Isomer)

Tert-butyl (2Z)-3-(methylamino)but-2-enoate (16.8 g, 98.1 mmol, 10:1 mixture with (2E)-Isomer) and triethylamine (21 ml, 150 mmol) were dissolved in methyl tert-butylether (190 mL) under an argon atmosphere and the resulting solution cooled to 0° C. Difluoroacetic anhydride (15 ml, 120 mmol) was added dropwise and the reaction mixture allowed to warm to ambient temperature and was stirred overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with methyl tert-butylether and washed with water (3×20 mL). The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was titrated with hexanes to yield the desired product as a white solid (20.0 g, 82% yield, 10:1 olefin isomers).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.70 min; MS (ESIneg): m/z=248 [M−H] −

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6, only the major isomer is shown) δ [ppm]: 1.46 (s, 9H) 2.22 (s, 3H), 3.06 (d, J=5.14 Hz, 3H), 6.47 (t, J=54.3 Hz, 1H) 11.74 (br s, 1H)

Intermediate 115

tert-butyl 5-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate

Tert-butyl (2Z)-2-(difluoroacetyl)-3-(methylamino)but-2-enoate (10.0 g, 40.1 mmol, 10:1 mixture with (2E)-Isomer) was dissolved in methanol (94 mL) under an argon atmosphere and the resulting solution was cooled to −20° C. Hydrazine monohydrate (2.9 mL, 60 mmol) was added dropwise and the reaction mixture stirred at −20° C. for 1 h and overnight at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated and the residue redissolved in ethyl acetate. The solution was washed with brine (3×) and the organic phase dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to yield the desired product (6.70 g, 72% yield) that was used without further purification in the next step.

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.86 min; MS (ESIneg): m/z=231 [M−H] −

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) 6 ppm 1.50 (s, 9H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 7.11 (t, J=54.2 Hz, 1H), 13.24-13.68 (br s, 1H).

Intermediate 116

tert-butyl 1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-5-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate

4,6-Dichloropyrimidine (2.57 g, 17.2 mmol) and tert-butyl 5-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate (4.00 g, 17.2 mmol) were suspended in dimethylformamide (10 mL) under an argon atmosphere and cesium carbonate (5.61 g, 17.2 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was allowed to stir for 72 h at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was poured into water (200 mL) and stirred for 30 min. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration, washed with water and dried to yield the desired product (4.4 g, 59% yield).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =1.23 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=345 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.55 (s, 9H), 2.94 (s, 3H), 7.26 (t, J=53.4 Hz, 1H), 8.04 (s, 1H), 9.09 (s, 1H).

Intermediate 117

1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine

4,6-Dichloropyrimidine (1.02 g, 6.88 mmol) and 3-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (916 mg, 6.88 mmol) were suspended in dimethylformamide (8.4 mL) and cesium carbonate (2.24 g, 6.88 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature overnight. Water (80 mL) was added an stirring continued for 30 min. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration, washed with water and dried to yield the desired product (1.21 g, 50% yield) as a 70:30 mixture with its regioisomer 2-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.07 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=246 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 2.626 (16.00), 2.674 (0.53), 3.051 (4.99), 3.112 (0.47), 3.129 (0.58), 7.119 (0.51), 7.129 (0.57), 7.141 (0.64), 7.151 (0.63), 7.480 (1.32), 7.492 (1.51), 7.497 (1.67), 7.509 (1.49), 8.325 (1.37), 8.349 (0.75), 8.420 (2.11), 8.439 (2.08), 8.643 (2.73), 8.739 (0.85), 8.754 (2.53), 8.766 (2.51), 8.985 (3.46), 9.128 (1.23).

Intermediate 118

1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine

4,6-dichloropyrimidine (559 mg, 3.76 mmol) and 3-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine (500 mg, 3.76 mmol) were suspended in dimethylformamide (4.6 mL), cesium carbonate (1.22 g, 3.76 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture stirred at ambient temperature overnight. Water was added and the mixture stirred for another 30 min. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration, washed with water and dried under high vacuum to yield the desired product (670 mg, 62% yield, 85% purity).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.67 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=246 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 2.321 (1.43), 2.399 (2.82), 2.448 (1.25), 2.663 (16.00), 2.715 (1.63), 2.732 (0.85), 2.813 (2.92), 2.892 (0.73), 3.044 (0.70), 3.112 (1.11), 7.592 (1.17), 7.761 (0.97), 7.957 (7.17), 7.970 (3.35), 8.559 (2.67), 8.572 (2.82), 8.597 (0.84), 8.611 (1.08), 8.630 (1.13), 8.940 (0.87), 9.042 (4.58), 9.509 (0.67), 10.001 (4.18).

Intermediate 119

4-(4-bromo-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-6-chloropyrimidine

4-chloro-6-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidine (300 mg, 1.44 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (6.0 mL) and 1-bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (307 mg, 1.73 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature overnight. Water was added to precipitate and the mixture was stirred for 5 minutes. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration, washed with water, dried overnight in a high-vacuum oven at 40° C. to yield the desired product (373 mg, 90% yield).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =1.19 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=288 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 2.227 (0.61), 2.258 (11.76), 2.262 (15.88), 2.662 (0.76), 2.687 (12.00), 2.690 (16.00), 7.941 (3.30), 8.955 (3.01).

Intermediate 120

2-[1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (5.00 g, 14.9 mmol) and (9.72 g, 29.8 mmol) in dimethylformamide (51 ml, 660 mmol) was treated with (bromomethyl)cyclopropane (4.3 ml, 45 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. Water was added and the mixture was extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC (column: Daicel Chiralcel OX-H; 250*20 mm, 5 μM, flow 15 mL/min, gradient n-heptane/ethanol 50/50) to yield 1.73 g of the desired product (30%) together with its regioisomer (2.96 g, 48%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.21 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=390 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.103 (1.38), 0.112 (4.98), 0.115 (4.07), 0.122 (4.35), 0.124 (4.60), 0.133 (1.43), 0.409 (1.59), 0.417 (4.05), 0.421 (3.97), 0.425 (2.04), 0.430 (2.13), 0.433 (4.07), 0.436 (3.81), 0.446 (1.30), 0.802 (6.97), 0.817 (16.00), 0.832 (6.97), 1.056 (0.51), 1.058 (0.48), 1.066 (0.95), 1.068 (0.89), 1.072 (0.94), 1.075 (0.78), 1.082 (1.52), 1.088 (0.76), 1.091 (0.86), 1.096 (0.83), 1.098 (0.83), 1.105 (0.40), 1.107 (0.40), 2.083 (1.05), 2.196 (1.77), 2.211 (5.34), 2.226 (5.18), 2.242 (1.59), 3.329 (10.70), 3.867 (7.22), 3.881 (7.03), 7.379 (0.52), 7.385 (3.62), 7.389 (1.37), 7.398 (1.88), 7.403 (7.73), 7.407 (1.67), 7.416 (1.47), 7.420 (4.30), 7.426 (0.49), 7.545 (0.69), 7.551 (4.30), 7.555 (1.98), 7.562 (4.76), 7.568 (4.05), 7.575 (1.63), 7.579 (3.48), 7.944 (0.43), 7.947 (0.60), 7.954 (5.16), 7.960 (5.38), 7.965 (4.71), 7.971 (7.64), 7.979 (1.13), 7.981 (0.92), 8.007 (1.05), 8.009 (1.20), 8.017 (8.38), 8.023 (5.07), 8.028 (5.68), 8.034 (4.99).

Intermediate 121

1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

A solution of 2-[1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (1.73 g, 4.44 mmol) in ethanol (30 ml, 520 mmol) was treated with hydrazine monohydrate (1.1 ml, 22 mmol). The mixture was refluxed overnight. After cooling to room temperature a white solid occurred with was filtered of. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product resolved in acetonitrile, the precipitate was again removed by filtration and the filtrate was taken to dryness to obtain 1.15 g of the desired product (90%).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.86 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=260 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.015 (1.55), −0.012 (1.57), 0.005 (13.53), 0.021 (1.78), 0.317 (1.59), 0.321 (1.56), 0.331 (6.50), 0.342 (2.99), 0.351 (6.61), 0.362 (1.48), 0.888 (7.30), 0.907 (16.00), 0.925 (7.84), 0.938 (0.89), 0.955 (1.48), 0.958 (1.46), 0.962 (1.37), 0.971 (1.99), 0.983 (1.33), 0.987 (1.36), 0.991 (1.35), 1.003 (0.66), 2.141 (2.52), 2.159 (7.42), 2.178 (7.18), 2.197 (2.27), 3.511 (9.88), 3.528 (9.75), 4.459 (11.57), 7.289 (1.71), 7.293 (1.71), 7.311 (7.59), 7.315 (6.56), 7.332 (12.07), 7.343 (8.93), 7.365 (1.47).

Intermediate 122

4-(2-cyanobutanoyl)benzonitrile

A solution of butanenitrile (10 ml, 110 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (170 ml, 2.1 mol) was treated with lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (1.0 M in tetrahydrofuran; 120 mL, 1.0 M, 120 mmol) at 30° C. Afterwards ethyl 4-cyanobenzoate (10.0 g, 57.1 mmol) was added dropwise. The resulting mixture was stirred for 4 hours. The reaction was quenched by the addition of water and extracted once with dichloromethane. The aqueous phase was acidified with aqueous hydrochloric acid to pH 2 and subsequently extracted three times with dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were dried over sodium sulphate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (solvent dichloromethane). Fractions containing the desired product were collected, the solvent was removed and the product was triturated with diethyl ether to yield 8.51 g of the desired product (75%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.50 min; MS (ESIneg): m/z=197 [M−H] −

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.973 (1.48), 0.991 (6.78), 1.008 (11.80), 1.027 (6.35), 1.043 (0.86), 1.068 (7.61), 1.087 (16.00), 1.106 (7.94), 1.753 (0.68), 1.771 (1.14), 1.788 (1.47), 1.807 (1.62), 1.825 (1.05), 1.909 (0.62), 1.928 (1.78), 1.937 (1.24), 1.946 (1.87), 1.955 (1.45), 1.972 (1.02), 1.990 (0.68), 2.296 (2.58), 2.315 (7.53), 2.333 (7.39), 2.352 (2.34), 3.375 (0.44), 3.392 (0.41), 5.194 (1.84), 5.206 (2.09), 5.214 (1.95), 5.226 (1.69), 5.753 (1.44), 7.583 (1.42), 7.603 (1.62), 7.726 (7.45), 7.747 (9.12), 7.948 (9.70), 7.968 (8.16), 8.067 (4.07), 8.088 (6.82), 8.151 (7.11), 8.172 (4.68), 11.133 (1.45).

Intermediate 123

4-[5-amino-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile

A solution of 4-(2-cyanobutanoyl)benzonitrile (2.00 g, 10.1 mmol) and (cyclopropylmethyl)hydrazine dihydrochloride (2.09 g, 13.1 mmol) in ethanol (20 ml, 340 mmol) was treated with N,N-diisopropylethylamine (4.6 ml, 26 mmol) and refluxed overnight. The conversion was not fully completed, therefore the mixture was left for 2 days, than additional di-isopropyl ethyl amine (2.28 mL, 13.1 mmol) was added and it was refluxed for another night. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was concentrated and the remaining material was partitioned between water and ethyl acetate.

The organic phase was washed with saturated sodium carbonate solution, water, and brine and dried over sodium sulphate. The organic phase was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified via preparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×30 mm/flow: 50 mL/min/solvent: A=water (0.01% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-5.00 min=10% B, 6.50 min=20% B, 17.0-19.75 min=100% B, 19.75-23.00 min=90% B) to yield the desired product (1.1.9 g, 39%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.60 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=267 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.343 (1.68), 0.356 (6.33), 0.368 (7.09), 0.380 (2.23), 0.395 (0.63), 0.404 (0.71), 0.416 (1.20), 0.430 (2.95), 0.439 (5.68), 0.459 (5.80), 0.475 (1.26), 0.558 (0.44), 0.917 (0.65), 0.936 (0.74), 0.955 (1.06), 0.969 (1.05), 0.988 (0.74), 1.007 (7.45), 1.026 (16.00), 1.044 (7.32), 1.106 (0.44), 1.133 (0.50), 1.152 (1.20), 1.170 (1.26), 1.189 (1.04), 1.203 (1.52), 1.210 (1.38), 1.222 (2.06), 1.234 (1.37), 1.239 (1.32), 1.252 (0.66), 1.989 (0.56), 2.441 (0.42), 2.471 (2.48), 3.165 (0.46), 3.178 (0.47), 3.316 (12.97), 3.817 (9.79), 3.834 (9.55), 5.020 (12.64), 7.582 (0.45), 7.603 (0.50), 7.677 (0.59), 7.694 (0.74), 7.746 (7.11), 7.767 (13.35), 7.807 (12.82), 7.827 (6.69), 7.849 (0.58), 7.859 (0.41), 7.953 (0.79), 7.973 (0.73), 7.988 (0.45), 8.009 (0.61), 8.054 (0.56).

Intermediate 124

2-[4-chloro-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[4-chloro-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (1.41 g, 4.13 mmol) in dimethylformamide (10 ml, 130 mmol) was treated with cesium carbonate (2.69 g, 8.25 mmol) and (bromomethyl)cyclopropane (1.2 ml, 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The mixture was portioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with water and brine, dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the crude product was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (dichloromethane/ethyl acetate) to yield 328 mg of the desired product (18%) along with its regioisomer (360 mg, 20%).

LC-MS (method 14): R t =1.17 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=396 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.007 (0.79), 0.006 (0.57), 0.148 (2.46), 0.157 (9.48), 0.160 (7.73), 0.166 (8.39), 0.169 (8.90), 0.178 (2.64), 0.437 (2.80), 0.445 (7.43), 0.449 (7.31), 0.453 (3.76), 0.461 (7.76), 0.464 (7.28), 0.473 (2.45), 1.086 (0.66), 1.090 (0.97), 1.095 (0.67), 1.099 (1.83), 1.106 (1.77), 1.109 (1.46), 1.115 (2.88), 1.122 (1.44), 1.125 (1.64), 1.129 (1.66), 1.136 (0.60), 1.139 (0.82), 1.145 (0.55), 2.468 (0.62), 2.482 (1.64), 2.496 (1.94), 3.335 (9.81), 4.020 (13.86), 4.034 (13.82), 4.171 (1.59), 4.185 (2.82), 4.199 (1.49), 4.980 (2.68), 5.003 (1.22), 5.013 (1.17), 5.016 (0.86), 5.616 (0.59), 5.635 (0.49), 5.638 (0.45), 5.648 (0.45), 5.652 (0.43), 5.670 (0.49), 5.761 (3.10), 7.433 (0.91), 7.439 (7.17), 7.442 (3.91), 7.447 (1.37), 7.456 (15.46), 7.460 (6.28), 7.470 (2.96), 7.474 (8.54), 7.478 (2.67), 7.638 (1.81), 7.642 (0.89), 7.649 (2.25), 7.652 (2.09), 7.658 (8.27), 7.662 (4.15), 7.669 (8.92), 7.676 (7.61), 7.682 (3.18), 7.686 (6.74), 7.692 (0.77), 7.969 (0.84), 7.972 (1.17), 7.979 (10.94), 7.985 (11.67), 7.990 (11.12), 7.996 (16.00), 8.004 (2.35), 8.006 (1.88), 8.039 (2.08), 8.041 (2.16), 8.049 (15.04), 8.054 (10.57), 8.059 (10.65), 8.066 (9.24), 8.073 (0.85), 8.076 (0.58).

Intermediate 125

4-chloro-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

A solution of 2-[4-chloro-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (328 mg, 829 μmol) in ethanol (5.7 ml, 97 mmol) was treated with hydrazine monohydrate (200 μl, 4.1 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at 90° C. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was portioned between water and ethyl acetate. The aqueous was extracted additionally two times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with 1M aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and brine and dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to yield the desired crude product (204 mg, 68%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.77 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=266 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.007 (0.73), 0.006 (0.55), 0.021 (2.43), 0.031 (9.25), 0.033 (7.72), 0.040 (8.38), 0.043 (8.72), 0.052 (2.68), 0.347 (2.92), 0.356 (7.67), 0.359 (7.63), 0.363 (3.80), 0.368 (4.03), 0.371 (7.76), 0.375 (7.42), 0.384 (2.59), 0.712 (2.71), 0.727 (6.68), 0.742 (3.24), 0.966 (0.73), 0.971 (0.93), 0.973 (0.85), 0.976 (0.67), 0.980 (1.73), 0.983 (1.65), 0.987 (1.71), 0.990 (1.44), 0.997 (2.77), 1.003 (1.43), 1.006 (1.60), 1.010 (1.59), 1.012 (1.52), 1.017 (0.61), 1.020 (0.78), 1.022 (0.76), 1.026 (0.59), 1.060 (0.48), 1.064 (0.91), 1.079 (1.48), 1.094 (1.47), 1.109 (0.84), 1.533 (0.42), 1.548 (1.12), 1.562 (1.54), 1.577 (1.10), 3.329 (11.01), 3.642 (14.68), 3.656 (14.26), 3.749 (1.55), 3.763 (2.85), 3.777 (1.67), 4.901 (4.50), 4.914 (16.00), 7.346 (0.90), 7.352 (6.62), 7.355 (3.55), 7.359 (1.25), 7.365 (3.66), 7.369 (15.65), 7.372 (6.12), 7.383 (2.99), 7.387 (9.44), 7.390 (3.02), 7.442 (0.40), 7.447 (2.29), 7.451 (1.86), 7.457 (9.35), 7.461 (4.60), 7.468 (9.97), 7.475 (7.44), 7.481 (2.99), 7.485 (6.25), 7.491 (0.70).

Intermediate 126

2-[4-chloro-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[4-chloro-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (1.41 g, 4.13 mmol) in dimethylformamide (10 ml, 130 mmol) was treated with cesium carbonate (2.69 g, 8.25 mmol) and (bromomethyl)cyclopropane (1.2 ml, 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The mixture was portioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with water and brine, dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the crude product was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (dichloromethane/ethyl acetate) to yield 360 mg of the desired product (20%) along with its regioisomer (320 mg, 18%).

LC-MS (method 14): R t =1.24 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=396 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.007 (1.08), 0.317 (2.07), 0.326 (8.24), 0.329 (7.16), 0.336 (7.98), 0.338 (7.88), 0.347 (2.69), 0.453 (2.72), 0.461 (6.80), 0.464 (6.64), 0.469 (3.68), 0.477 (7.06), 0.481 (6.41), 0.490 (2.04), 1.237 (0.66), 1.242 (0.98), 1.252 (1.81), 1.258 (1.72), 1.261 (1.44), 1.268 (2.74), 1.274 (1.45), 1.277 (1.62), 1.283 (1.69), 1.292 (0.84), 1.298 (0.55), 2.088 (1.24), 2.520 (0.77), 2.523 (0.92), 2.566 (0.54), 3.327 (16.00), 4.042 (13.04), 4.056 (12.66), 4.223 (1.46), 4.238 (2.31), 4.252 (1.42), 4.980 (0.89), 4.983 (0.88), 5.001 (0.92), 5.004 (0.95), 5.048 (0.90), 5.052 (0.86), 5.082 (1.02), 5.086 (0.93), 5.732 (0.56), 5.752 (0.74), 5.766 (0.75), 5.787 (0.49), 7.339 (2.45), 7.345 (7.14), 7.348 (2.73), 7.357 (5.65), 7.362 (14.66), 7.366 (3.24), 7.376 (3.56), 7.380 (7.52), 7.386 (0.86), 7.899 (1.84), 7.904 (1.11), 7.913 (8.22), 7.917 (4.98), 7.924 (8.87), 7.928 (6.24), 7.931 (7.77), 7.937 (3.23), 7.942 (6.85), 7.948 (0.78), 8.002 (1.16), 8.009 (9.68), 8.015 (10.42), 8.020 (10.52), 8.027 (13.72), 8.034 (2.00), 8.082 (1.54), 8.083 (1.79), 8.092 (13.13), 8.097 (12.13), 8.102 (11.51), 8.109 (10.12), 8.114 (2.48), 8.119 (0.69).

Intermediate 127

4-chloro-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 2-[4-chloro-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (360 mg, 909 μmol) in ethanol (8.4 ml, 140 mmol) was treated with hydrazine monohydrate (220 μl, 4.5 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at 90° C. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was portioned between water and ethyl acetate. The aqueous was extracted additionally two times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with 1M aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and brine and dried over sodium sulphate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to yield the desired crude product (236 mg, 79%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.86 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=266 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.348 (1.49), 0.361 (6.51), 0.373 (7.67), 0.385 (2.45), 0.405 (0.61), 0.423 (0.70), 0.440 (2.31), 0.450 (5.63), 0.470 (6.14), 0.485 (1.45), 0.875 (1.59), 0.894 (3.55), 0.912 (1.84), 1.185 (0.82), 1.198 (1.57), 1.205 (1.45), 1.216 (2.28), 1.229 (1.48), 1.234 (1.60), 1.246 (0.87), 1.263 (0.73), 1.281 (1.03), 1.300 (1.00), 1.319 (0.55), 1.653 (0.77), 1.672 (1.07), 1.690 (0.72), 3.843 (11.37), 3.860 (11.20), 3.916 (1.03), 3.934 (1.83), 3.951 (0.98), 5.503 (16.00), 5.541 (0.68), 7.221 (5.38), 7.244 (10.59), 7.266 (5.40), 7.785 (1.92), 7.793 (6.18), 7.798 (3.89), 7.807 (7.89), 7.815 (6.62), 7.824 (3.07), 7.829 (5.44).

Intermediate 128

2-[1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (1.26 g, 3.93 mmol) in dimethylformamide (10 ml, 130 mmol) was treated with cesium carbonate (2.56 g, 7.87 mmol) and (bromomethyl)cyclopropane (1.1 ml, 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The mixture was portioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with water and brine, dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the crude product was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (dichloromethane/ethyl acetate) to yield 513 mg of the desired product (30%) along with its regioisomer (848 mg, 48%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.11 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=376 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (0.43), 0.092 (0.67), 0.103 (2.77), 0.106 (2.47), 0.118 (2.86), 0.129 (0.85), 0.387 (0.83), 0.398 (2.20), 0.402 (2.33), 0.407 (1.24), 0.418 (2.33), 0.422 (2.32), 0.433 (0.74), 1.046 (0.51), 1.053 (0.51), 1.065 (0.82), 1.077 (0.49), 1.083 (0.49), 1.794 (16.00), 1.989 (0.69), 2.460 (0.41), 2.524 (0.53), 3.914 (4.13), 3.932 (4.08), 4.056 (0.45), 4.074 (0.63), 7.376 (1.89), 7.398 (4.35), 7.420 (2.60), 7.528 (0.47), 7.544 (2.68), 7.550 (1.54), 7.558 (2.79), 7.566 (2.44), 7.574 (0.91), 7.580 (1.94), 7.936 (2.60), 7.944 (2.98), 7.950 (2.95), 7.958 (4.87), 7.967 (0.90), 7.988 (0.78), 7.998 (4.45), 8.005 (2.70), 8.012 (2.76), 8.019 (2.31).

Intermediate 129

2-[1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (1.26 g, 3.93 mmol) in dimethylformamide (10 ml, 130 mmol) was treated with cesium carbonate (2.56 g, 7.87 mmol) and (bromomethyl)cyclopropane (1.1 ml, 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The mixture was portioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with water and brine, dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the crude product was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (dichloromethane/ethyl acetate) to yield 848 mg of the desired product (48%) along with its regioisomer (513 mg, 30%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.18 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=376 [M+H] +

Intermediate 130

1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 2-[1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (3.70 g, 9.86 mmol) in ethanol (90 ml, 1.5 mol) was treated with hydrazine monohydrate (2.4 ml, 49 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at 90° C. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was portioned between water and ethyl acetate. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phase s were washed with 1.0 M aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, brine and dried over sodium sulfate. The solution was concentrated to yield the desired product (2.37 g, 96%).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.72 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=246 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.330 (0.48), 0.342 (1.93), 0.346 (1.95), 0.354 (2.33), 0.357 (2.12), 0.367 (0.93), 0.411 (0.92), 0.420 (1.80), 0.424 (1.53), 0.431 (1.19), 0.440 (2.01), 0.444 (1.53), 0.456 (0.55), 1.180 (0.47), 1.188 (0.45), 1.200 (0.75), 1.212 (0.44), 1.217 (0.44), 1.975 (16.00), 3.787 (4.04), 3.804 (3.98), 4.905 (4.30), 7.164 (2.01), 7.170 (0.70), 7.181 (0.91), 7.187 (4.12), 7.192 (0.88), 7.204 (0.74), 7.209 (2.23), 7.578 (2.22), 7.584 (0.94), 7.593 (2.45), 7.601 (2.27), 7.609 (0.83), 7.615 (2.00).

Intermediate 131

1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

A solution of 2-[1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (517 mg, 1.38 mmol) in ethanol (11 ml, 180 mmol) was treated with hydrazine monohydrate (330 μl, 6.9 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at 90° C. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was portioned between water and ethyl acetate. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with 1.0 M aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, brine and dried over sodium sulfate. The solution was concentrated to yield the desired product (314 mg, 77%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.51 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=246 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.019 (0.73), −0.008 (3.14), 0.018 (0.73), 0.304 (0.80), 0.315 (2.28), 0.318 (2.17), 0.324 (1.08), 0.335 (2.34), 0.350 (0.66), 0.703 (0.57), 0.721 (1.31), 0.739 (0.69), 0.941 (0.56), 0.948 (0.52), 0.961 (0.82), 0.973 (0.48), 0.978 (0.50), 1.530 (0.40), 1.728 (4.37), 1.733 (16.00), 3.317 (5.54), 3.560 (4.30), 3.577 (4.23), 3.681 (0.69), 4.483 (4.40), 7.290 (1.15), 7.312 (4.02), 7.334 (4.22), 7.339 (3.93), 7.353 (3.46), 7.360 (1.75), 7.369 (0.61), 7.375 (0.98).

Intermediate 132

2-[1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (2.50 g, 7.46 mmol) in dimethylformamide (32 ml, 420 mmol) was treated with cesium carbonate (4.86 g, 14.9 mmol) and 2,2-difluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (2.0 ml, 15 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. One additional equivalent of 2,2-difluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (0.99 mL, 7.45 mmol) was added and the mixture was again stirred at ambient temperature for 4 hours. The mixture was portioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with water and brine, dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the crude product was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (dichloromethane/ethyl acetate 60:1, Biotage SNAP Ultra 50 g) to yield 1.20 g of the desired product (40%) along with its regioisomer (655 mg, 22%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.12 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=400 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.897 (7.24), 0.916 (16.00), 0.935 (7.14), 2.074 (2.49), 2.441 (2.14), 2.460 (6.26), 2.478 (6.48), 2.524 (0.73), 4.572 (2.02), 4.581 (2.17), 4.608 (4.05), 4.618 (4.02), 4.645 (2.03), 4.654 (1.80), 6.109 (0.67), 6.119 (1.32), 6.128 (0.57), 6.246 (1.28), 6.256 (2.65), 6.265 (1.20), 6.384 (0.59), 6.393 (1.21), 6.403 (0.59), 7.293 (4.33), 7.316 (8.52), 7.338 (4.46), 7.706 (5.02), 7.712 (2.39), 7.720 (5.50), 7.728 (4.92), 7.737 (2.02), 7.742 (4.22), 7.966 (0.87), 7.975 (5.05), 7.982 (5.52), 7.988 (5.61), 7.996 (7.71), 8.006 (1.29), 8.042 (1.54), 8.052 (8.33), 8.059 (5.73), 8.066 (5.45), 8.073 (4.65), 8.082 (0.42).

Intermediate 133

2-[1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (2.50 g, 7.46 mmol) in dimethylformamide (32 ml, 420 mmol) was treated with cesium carbonate (4.86 g, 14.9 mmol) and 2,2-difluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (2.0 ml, 15 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. One additional equivalent of 2,2-difluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (0.99 mL, 7.45 mmol) was added and the mixture was again stirred at ambient temperature for 4 hours. The mixture was portioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with water and brine, dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the crude product was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (dichloromethane/ethyl acetate 60:1, Biotage SNAP Ultra 50 g) to yield 655 mg of the desired product (22%) along with its regioisomer (1.20 g, 40%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.08 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=400 [M+H] +

Intermediate 134

1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 2-[1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (1.20 g, 3.00 mmol) in ethanol (20 ml, 340 mmol) was treated with hydrazine monohydrate (730 μl, 15 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at 90° C. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was portioned between water and ethyl acetate. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with 1.0 M aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, brine and dried over sodium sulfate. The solution was concentrated to yield the desired product (800 mg, 98%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.62 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=270 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.981 (7.32), 0.999 (16.00), 1.018 (7.26), 2.428 (6.81), 2.446 (6.56), 2.465 (2.20), 4.355 (2.48), 4.366 (2.63), 4.391 (4.85), 4.402 (4.81), 4.427 (2.47), 4.438 (2.23), 5.147 (11.45), 6.147 (0.71), 6.158 (1.40), 6.169 (0.64), 6.286 (1.39), 6.297 (2.80), 6.307 (1.30), 6.425 (0.66), 6.435 (1.32), 6.446 (0.64), 7.190 (4.22), 7.212 (8.47), 7.234 (4.56), 7.549 (5.25), 7.554 (2.68), 7.563 (6.04), 7.571 (5.38), 7.585 (4.46).

Intermediate 135

1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

A solution of 2-[1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (655 mg, 1.64 mmol) in ethanol (10 ml, 170 mmol) was treated with hydrazine monohydrate (400 μl, 8.2 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at 90° C. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was portioned between water and ethyl acetate. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with 1.0 M aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, brine and dried over sodium sulfate. The solution was concentrated to yield the desired product (470 mg, quant.).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.69 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=270 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (0.58), 0.894 (4.65), 0.913 (10.80), 0.932 (4.95), 2.151 (1.41), 2.170 (4.35), 2.189 (4.24), 2.207 (1.30), 3.992 (1.41), 4.002 (1.50), 4.028 (2.87), 4.038 (2.88), 4.063 (1.44), 4.074 (1.33), 4.670 (5.64), 6.021 (0.42), 6.031 (0.89), 6.159 (0.82), 6.170 (1.79), 6.180 (0.82), 6.309 (0.86), 6.319 (0.41), 7.310 (0.44), 7.319 (0.44), 7.334 (9.33), 7.353 (16.00).

Intermediate 136

ethyl 4-chloro-1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate

A solution of ethyl 1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate (480 mg, 1.80 mmol) in acetonitrile (8.8 ml, 170 mmol) was treated with 1-chloropyrrolidine-2,5-dione (288 mg, 2.16 mmol). The mixture was stirred 2 days at ambient temperature. Water was added and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with water and brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×40 mm/flow: 75 mL/min/solvent: A=water (0.1% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-5.50 min=10% B, 17.65-19.48 min=95% B, 19.66 min=10% B) to yield 240 mg of the desired product (63%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.21 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=301 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (2.12), 0.008 (1.07), 1.240 (4.60), 1.258 (9.37), 1.276 (4.53), 2.322 (16.00), 2.524 (0.58), 4.359 (1.55), 4.377 (4.54), 4.395 (4.45), 4.413 (1.41), 8.008 (3.31), 8.947 (3.50).

Intermediate 137

2-[1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (2.00 g, 5.96 mmol) in dimethylformamide (26 ml, 340 mmol) was treated with cesium carbonate (3.89 g, 11.9 mmol) and (bromomethyl)cyclobutane (1.78 g, 11.9 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phase s were washed with water and brine and dried over sodium sulfate. The crude product was purified using flash chromatography on silica gel (method: column: Biotage Snap Ultra 25 g/flow: 75 mL/min./solvent=dichloromethane (100%)) to obtain 904 mg of the desired product together with its regioisomer (320 mg, 13%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.44 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=404 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (1.48), 0.008 (1.25), 0.889 (6.83), 0.908 (16.00), 0.926 (7.12), 1.710 (0.71), 1.716 (0.91), 1.732 (3.35), 1.744 (7.41), 1.752 (6.01), 1.758 (4.72), 1.761 (4.97), 1.774 (1.98), 1.791 (1.33), 1.798 (0.89), 1.817 (0.66), 1.864 (0.41), 1.879 (0.81), 1.892 (1.58), 1.903 (2.64), 1.908 (2.20), 1.918 (2.75), 1.924 (3.44), 1.934 (1.06), 1.938 (0.99), 1.948 (0.42), 2.074 (0.94), 2.406 (1.88), 2.425 (5.83), 2.443 (5.71), 2.462 (1.77), 2.524 (0.45), 2.691 (0.47), 2.710 (1.26), 2.729 (1.39), 2.742 (0.92), 2.747 (1.08), 2.766 (0.55), 4.001 (8.81), 4.019 (8.63), 7.267 (4.04), 7.289 (8.37), 7.306 (1.57), 7.311 (4.50), 7.318 (0.51), 7.672 (0.59), 7.680 (4.66), 7.685 (2.06), 7.694 (5.15), 7.702 (4.86), 7.710 (1.87), 7.716 (4.23), 7.723 (0.49), 7.973 (0.51), 7.982 (4.84), 7.989 (5.33), 7.996 (5.39), 8.003 (7.88), 8.013 (1.20), 8.049 (1.15), 8.059 (8.02), 8.067 (5.27), 8.073 (5.36), 8.081 (4.66), 8.090 (0.40).

Intermediate 138

1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 2-[1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (900 mg, 2.23 mmol) in ethanol (280 ml, 4.8 mol) was treated with hydrazine monohydrate (540 μl, 11 mmol) and stirred overnight at 90° C. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was diluted with water and extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with 1M aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield the desired product (578 mg, 85%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.72 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=274 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.976 (7.30), 0.995 (16.00), 1.013 (7.27), 1.049 (0.65), 1.068 (1.28), 1.087 (0.59), 1.772 (1.10), 1.780 (1.99), 1.798 (4.84), 1.816 (8.42), 1.825 (7.95), 1.840 (3.63), 1.851 (1.37), 1.858 (1.67), 1.867 (1.09), 1.888 (0.45), 1.908 (0.72), 1.934 (1.93), 1.945 (3.44), 1.950 (4.10), 1.966 (3.26), 2.002 (0.42), 2.397 (2.32), 2.415 (6.73), 2.434 (6.53), 2.453 (2.17), 2.575 (0.51), 2.689 (0.64), 2.707 (1.45), 2.724 (1.79), 2.745 (1.31), 2.764 (0.71), 3.910 (9.91), 3.928 (9.51), 4.102 (0.80), 4.120 (0.68), 4.892 (11.01), 7.160 (4.17), 7.182 (8.34), 7.204 (4.52), 7.236 (0.40), 7.258 (0.79), 7.280 (0.50), 7.523 (0.96), 7.530 (5.29), 7.536 (2.55), 7.545 (6.07), 7.552 (5.51), 7.561 (2.58), 7.566 (5.07), 7.629 (0.79), 7.636 (0.43), 7.644 (0.66), 7.651 (0.59), 7.666 (0.46), 10.085 (0.49).

Intermediate 139

4-[5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile

4-(5-amino-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)benzonitrile (6.80 g, 34.3 mmol) and 2-benzofuran-1,3-dione (7.62 g, 51.5 mmol) were suspended in acetic acid (150 mL) and the reaction mixture was heated to 120° C. bath temperature overnight. After cooling to ambient temperature, methyl tert-butylether was added and the precipitated solid collected by filtration, further washed with methyl tert-butylether and dried under high vacuum overnight and further in a drying oven under vacuum at 40° C. to yield the desired product (11.7 g, 104% yield, contained 24% AcOH based on NMR).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.60 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=329 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (1.62), 0.008 (1.32), 1.909 (12.37), 2.059 (16.00), 2.367 (0.43), 2.524 (1.09), 2.711 (0.42), 7.842 (4.06), 7.863 (5.29), 7.945 (2.96), 7.953 (3.62), 7.959 (3.95), 7.967 (5.31), 7.976 (1.61), 8.002 (6.36), 8.008 (6.35), 8.022 (7.34), 13.648 (3.22).

Intermediate 140

4-[5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile as mixture with 4-[3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile

A solution of 4-[3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile (14.1 g, 42.9 mmol) in dimethylformamide (140 ml, 1.8 mol) was treated with cesium carbonate (27.9 g, 85.8 mmol) and iodomethane (5.3 ml, 86 mmol) at −20° C. The mixture was allowed to warm up to ambient temperature and stirred for 2 hours. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phase s were washed with water (2×), brine and dried over sodium sulfate. Separation of the regioisomers was partially possible by titration with acetonitrile: 1.52 g (8%, 92% pure) of pure 4-[3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile 0.19 g (1%) of pure -[5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile and 5.75 g (31%) of the regioisomeric mixture were obtained.

LC-MS (method 11, 4-[3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile): R t =1.23 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=343 [M+H] +

LC-MS (method 11, 4-[5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile): R t =1.29 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=343 [M+H] +

Intermediate 141

4-(5-amino-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)benzonitrile

A solution of 4-[5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile/4-[3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile approx. 1:1 (5.85 g, 17.1 mmol) in ethanol (150 ml, 2.6 mol) was treated with hydrazine monohydrate (4.2 ml, 85 mmol). The mixture was refluxed for 2.5 hours. After cooling to room temperature the mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phase s were washed with 1M aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. 3.2 g of the regioisomeric mixture were separated into the regioisomers (column: Chiralpak IG, 5 μM, 250×20 mm, flow: 15 mL/min, n-heptane/ethanol 30/70) to yield 2.30 g of the desired product (63%) together with its regioisomer (680 mg, 19%).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =0.85 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=213 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 2.066 (11.06), 3.422 (0.66), 5.091 (3.28), 7.810 (16.00).

Intermediate 142

4-(3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzonitrile

A solution of 4-[5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile/4-[3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile approx. 1:1 (5.85 g, 17.1 mmol) in ethanol (150 ml, 2.6 mol) was treated with hydrazine monohydrate (4.2 ml, 85 mmol). The mixture was refluxed for 2.5 hours. After cooling to room temperature the mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phase s were washed with 1M aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. 3.2 g of the regioisomeric mixture were separated into the regioisomers (column: Chiralpak IG, 5 μM, 250×20 mm, flow: 15 mL/min, n-heptane/ethanol 30/70) to yield 680 mg of the desired product (19%) together with its regioisomer (2.30 g, 63%).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =0.82 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=213 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.818 (16.00), 2.091 (0.42), 3.367 (2.38), 4.572 (4.39), 7.571 (4.29), 7.575 (1.55), 7.584 (1.73), 7.588 (4.52), 7.591 (0.88), 7.946 (1.05), 7.949 (4.66), 7.953 (1.57), 7.963 (1.63), 7.966 (4.13), 7.970 (0.75).

Intermediate 143

4-(3,5-dimethyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzonitrile

A solution of 3,5-dimethyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole (5.00 g, 35.4 mmol) and (4-cyanophenyl)boronic acid (5.21 g, 35.4 mmol) in dichloromethane (50 ml, 780 mmol) was treated with anhydrous cupric acetate (9.65 g, 53.1 mmol), pyridine (29 ml, 350 mmol) and molecular sieves (7.93 g). The mixture was stirred under an argon atmosphere at ambient temperature for 2 days. The mixture was filtered over a pad of kieselgur, the remaining filter cake was washed with dichloromethane. The filtrate was washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by flash-chromatography on silica gel (dichloromethane/ethyl acetate 40:1, column: SNAP Ultra 100 g) to yield 2.60 g (30%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.88 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=243 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 2.625 (16.00), 7.797 (0.49), 7.802 (3.48), 7.807 (1.24), 7.819 (1.33), 7.824 (4.13), 7.829 (0.63), 8.076 (0.59), 8.081 (3.97), 8.086 (1.28), 8.098 (1.17), 8.103 (3.35), 8.109 (0.49).

Intermediate 144

4-(4-amino-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzonitrile

A solution of 4-(3,5-dimethyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzonitrile (2.60 g, 10.7 mmol) in methanol (100 ml) was treated with aqueous hydrochloric acid (20 ml, 12 M, 240 mmol) and iron (3.00 g, 53.7 mmol). The mixture was refluxed for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered. The filtrate was neutralized with saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution an extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 1.70 g (63%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =0.73 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=213 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 2.074 (0.73), 2.107 (16.00), 2.283 (14.84), 2.409 (0.41), 3.848 (1.72), 3.858 (2.53), 7.613 (0.43), 7.634 (0.45), 7.663 (3.45), 7.685 (4.10), 7.858 (3.83), 7.879 (3.01), 7.988 (0.63), 8.009 (0.44).

Intermediate 145

4-(3-amino-4-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzonitrile

A solution of 4-(2-cyanobutanoyl)benzonitrile (3.88 g, 19.5 mmol) in ethanol (50 ml, 860 mmol) was treated with hydrazine hydrate (1:1) (1.1 ml, 23 mmol) and refluxed overnight. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was diluted with saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution. Ethanol was removed under reduced pressure, the occurring precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with water and dried to yield the desired product (4.06 g, 98%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.09 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=213 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.022 (8.30), 1.040 (16.00), 1.058 (7.78), 2.452 (3.40), 2.470 (8.84), 2.489 (9.63), 4.650 (1.64), 7.695 (5.47), 7.713 (6.04), 7.859 (7.60), 7.878 (5.87), 11.790 (2.67).

Intermediate 146

4-[3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile

4-(3-amino-4-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzonitrile (3.00 g, 14.1 mmol) and 2-benzofuran-1,3-dione (3.14 g, 21.2 mmol) were treated with acetic acid (25 ml, 440 mmol) and stirred overnight at 140° C. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was diluted with water. The occurring precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with water and dried to yield 4.92 g (98%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.88 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=343 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.950 (5.55), 0.968 (11.73), 0.987 (5.71), 1.919 (16.00), 7.833 (3.92), 7.853 (4.73), 7.960 (3.84), 7.968 (5.02), 7.974 (5.60), 7.981 (6.07), 7.992 (2.28), 8.006 (5.09), 8.027 (9.40), 8.048 (3.51), 13.656 (1.36).

Intermediate 147

4-[3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-ethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile

A solution of 4-[5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile (2.00 g, 5.84 mmol) in dimethylformamide (10 ml) was treated with cesium carbonate (3.81 g, 11.7 mmol) and iodomethane (1.1 ml, 18 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with water (2×), brine and dried over sodium sulfate. The crude product was purified using flash-chromatography on silica gel (SNAP Ultra 50 g, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate) to obtain 480 mg of the desired product (23%) together with its regioisomer (650.5 mg, 31%).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.98 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=357 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.811 (7.18), 0.826 (16.00), 0.842 (7.14), 1.178 (0.70), 1.992 (1.39), 2.260 (1.84), 2.275 (5.58), 2.290 (5.42), 2.305 (1.67), 3.331 (9.52), 7.768 (7.97), 7.772 (2.87), 7.782 (3.27), 7.785 (8.91), 7.945 (0.40), 7.948 (0.56), 7.955 (5.16), 7.961 (5.42), 7.966 (5.11), 7.972 (7.75), 7.980 (1.11), 8.012 (1.01), 8.013 (1.13), 8.021 (8.29), 8.027 (5.63), 8.032 (6.59), 8.037 (11.96), 8.046 (1.03), 8.050 (3.10), 8.054 (7.88).

Intermediate 148

4-[5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-ethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile

A solution of 4-[5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile (2.00 g, 5.84 mmol) in dimethylformamide (10 ml, 130 mmol) was treated with cesium carbonate (3.81 g, 11.7 mmol) and iodomethane (1.1 ml, 18 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with water (2×), brine and dried over sodium sulfate. The crude product was purified using flash-chromatography on silica gel (SNAP Ultra 50 g, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate) to obtain 650.5 mg of the desired product (31%) together with its regioisomer (480 mg, 23%).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =1.03 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=357 [M+H] +

Intermediate 149

4-(5-amino-4-ethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)benzonitrile

A solution of 4-[5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-ethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile (643 mg, 1.80 mmol) in ethanol (6.5 ml, 110 mmol) was treated with hydrazine monohydrate (440 μl, 9.0 mmol) and stirred at 90° C. overnight. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was diluted with saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 379 mg (93%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.29 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=227 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.010 (1.29), 0.991 (5.70), 1.010 (12.56), 1.028 (6.32), 2.460 (1.99), 2.478 (5.79), 3.324 (16.00), 5.059 (12.12), 7.726 (5.57), 7.746 (10.37), 7.794 (8.73), 7.814 (5.21).

Intermediate 150

4-(3-amino-4-ethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzonitrile

A solution of 4-[3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-ethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile (475 mg, 1.33 mmol) in ethanol (5.0 ml, 86 mmol) was treated with hydrazine monohydrate (320 μl, 6.7 mmol) and stirred at 90° C. overnight. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was diluted with saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 255 mg (83%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.24 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=227 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.919 (7.41), 0.937 (16.00), 0.956 (7.96), 0.999 (0.66), 2.204 (2.59), 2.222 (7.39), 2.241 (7.20), 2.259 (2.43), 3.330 (14.88), 3.506 (0.62), 3.539 (0.73), 3.556 (0.43), 4.526 (13.13), 7.544 (8.74), 7.564 (9.27), 7.945 (8.78), 7.965 (7.83).

Intermediate 151

4-[cyano(methoxy)acetyl]benzonitrile

A solution of ethyl 4-cyanobenzoate (10.0 g, 57.1 mmol) and methoxyacetonitrile (8.5 ml, 110 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (150 ml, 1.8 mol) was treated with bis-(trimethylsilyl)-lithiumamid, 1.0 M solution in tetrahydrofuran (120 ml, 1.0 M, 120 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The mixture was poured into water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The aqueous phase was acidified with aqueous hydrochloric acid and extracted with dichloromethane (2×). The combined organic phases were washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 9.20 g of the desired product (52%).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.72 min; MS (ESIneg): m/z=199 [M−H] −

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (1.01), 0.008 (1.08), 1.909 (0.77), 2.524 (0.82), 3.246 (1.44), 3.291 (1.02), 3.320 (10.48), 3.347 (0.79), 3.353 (0.58), 3.378 (0.70), 3.385 (0.60), 3.401 (2.69), 3.451 (0.44), 3.488 (3.57), 3.510 (4.28), 3.565 (12.46), 3.629 (0.45), 3.716 (0.62), 3.727 (1.69), 3.757 (0.90), 3.780 (4.13), 3.935 (9.19), 4.364 (0.70), 5.081 (0.81), 5.217 (1.07), 6.353 (1.33), 7.746 (0.90), 7.762 (3.33), 7.767 (2.22), 7.783 (3.82), 7.810 (11.32), 7.815 (4.74), 7.827 (5.10), 7.832 (16.00), 7.925 (3.07), 7.930 (1.44), 7.940 (15.74), 7.945 (7.05), 7.957 (4.40), 7.962 (11.09), 7.972 (4.40), 7.989 (2.33), 7.994 (6.36), 7.998 (2.80), 8.010 (1.80), 8.020 (1.51), 8.040 (0.74), 8.065 (1.96), 8.073 (5.63), 8.078 (2.16), 8.081 (1.54), 8.087 (3.66), 8.095 (3.83), 8.113 (1.60), 8.135 (0.62), 8.153 (2.44), 8.175 (1.49), 8.653 (1.00), 8.691 (0.86), 8.739 (0.68), 11.168 (4.18), 13.561 (0.42).

Intermediate 152

4-(3-amino-4-methoxy-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzonitrile

A solution of 4-[cyano(methoxy)acetyl]benzonitrile (9.20 g, 46.0 mmol) in ethanol (340 ml, 5.9 mol) was treated with hydrazine hydrate (1:1) (4.5 ml, 92 mmol) and refluxed for 2 hours. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was diluted with saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution. Ethanol was removed under reduced pressure, the remaining was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×). The combined organic phases were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 5.88 g (58%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.56 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=215 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.175 (0.57), 1.195 (0.49), 1.252 (0.54), 1.989 (0.93), 3.196 (0.63), 3.335 (0.54), 3.633 (1.24), 3.641 (2.48), 3.666 (16.00), 3.762 (1.92), 4.655 (1.34), 4.906 (0.49), 7.414 (0.54), 7.435 (0.57), 7.558 (0.71), 7.580 (0.89), 7.660 (0.50), 7.665 (0.41), 7.682 (0.73), 7.687 (0.51), 7.727 (1.01), 7.749 (1.07), 7.754 (1.20), 7.771 (0.87), 7.776 (0.96), 7.879 (4.77), 7.909 (4.01), 7.928 (3.65), 7.951 (2.99), 7.959 (2.90), 8.008 (0.84), 8.029 (0.44), 9.784 (0.51), 11.899 (1.21).

Intermediate 153

3-{[6-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]amino}-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde

A round-bottom flask was charged with 3-amino-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde (1.00 g, 4.56 mmol) and sodium phenolate (722 mg, 6.22 mmol) and the contents were suspended in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL). The reaction mixture was degassed with Ar for 3 min. Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (49.4 mg, 53.9 μmol), XantPhos (72.0 mg, 124 μmol) and 4-chloro-6-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidine (0.865 g, 4.15 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture was degassed again for 1 min. The vial was sealed and heated at 90° C. overnight while vigorously stirring. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was filtered and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate and washed with brine. The organic phase phase was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by preparative SFC (Chiralpak AD SFC 250×20 mm, flow: 80 mL/min, isocratic carbon dioxide/2-propanol 80/20) to yield the desired product (267 mg, 16% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.20 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=392 [M+H] +

Intermediate 154

3-oxocyclopent-1-en-1-yl acetate

Under an argon atmosphere, cyclopentane-1,3-dione (18.0 g, 183 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane and pyridine (15 ml, 180 mmol) was added. Acetyl chloride (14 ml, 200 mmol) was slowly added via syringe and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. Ice-cold water was added and the phases were separated. The organic phase was further washed with aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (1 M), saturated aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution and water, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The product thus obtained (23.3 g, 90% yield) was used in the next step without further purification.

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.35 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=141 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 2.291 (16.00), 2.351 (2.40), 2.356 (1.60), 2.363 (2.48), 2.370 (1.70), 2.375 (2.80), 2.723 (1.53), 2.727 (1.96), 2.735 (1.60), 2.740 (1.65), 2.747 (1.69), 2.752 (1.42), 6.011 (1.04), 6.015 (2.05), 6.019 (1.18).

Intermediate 155

2-acetylcyclopentane-1,3-dione

Under an argon atmosphere, 3-oxocyclopent-1-en-1-yl acetate (23.3 g, 166 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (350 mL) and triethylamine (32 mL, 230 mmol) and 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile (6.1 mL, 67 mmol) were added subsequently and the reaction mixture stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (160 mL, 1 M) and extracted with dichloromethane. For better phase separation, small amounts of Chydrochloric acid 3 were added. It was further extracted with dichloromethane and the combined organic phase extracts were washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to yield the product (19.2 g, 82% yield) that was used in the next step without further purification.

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.23 min; MS (ESIneg): m/z=139 [M−H] −

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ [ppm]: 2.512 (0.78), 2.527 (16.00), 2.541 (1.08), 2.740 (1.02), 2.755 (1.01), 2.769 (0.70).

Intermediate 156

1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-5,6-dihydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazol-4(1H)-one

Under an argon atmosphere, 4-chloro-6-hydrazinylpyrimidine (11.3 g, 78.5 mmol) and 2-acetylcyclopentane-1,3-dione (10.0 g, 71.4 mmol) were suspended in ethanol (140 mL) and para-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (679 mg, 3.57 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at 85° C. bath temperature under slight reflux. After cooling to ambient temperature, it was quenched by addition of saturated aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). An insoluble solid was filtered off during the extraction and was discarded after further analysis. The combined organic phase extracts were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue containing the two regioisomers was dissolved in methanol/acetonitrile (1:1, 800 mL) at 60° C. and purified by preparative SFC (Chiralpak AZ 20 g, 500×400 mm, flow 300 mL/min, isocratic gradient carbon dioxide/ethanol 60/40, stacked injection of 18 mL every 25 min) to yield the desired product (5.36 g, 27% yield) along with its regioisomer 2-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-5,6-dihydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazol-4(2H)-one (see below).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.08 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=249 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (0.47), 0.008 (0.45), 2.350 (16.00), 2.394 (1.72), 2.523 (0.48), 2.983 (2.11), 2.989 (1.74), 2.996 (2.34), 3.002 (1.84), 3.008 (2.39), 3.368 (2.27), 3.374 (1.75), 3.381 (2.20), 3.387 (1.65), 3.393 (1.93), 7.929 (3.50), 9.004 (3.30).

Intermediate 157

2-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-5,6-dihydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazol-4(2H)-one

This intermediate was obtained as a regioisomer during the synthesis of 1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-5,6-dihydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazol-4(1H)-one and was purified by preparative SFC (Chiralpak AZ 20μ, 500×400 mm, flow 300 mL/min, isocratic gradient carbon dioxide/ethanol 60/40, stacked injection of 18 mL every 25 min) to yield the desired product (2.56 g, 13% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.10 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=249 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 2.845 (16.00), 2.915 (0.88), 2.919 (1.00), 2.928 (2.08), 2.933 (1.53), 2.939 (1.58), 2.948 (2.90), 2.980 (2.87), 2.995 (1.43), 3.000 (1.79), 3.009 (0.95), 3.162 (0.48), 3.175 (0.50), 8.078 (3.79), 9.036 (3.78).

Intermediate 158

4-[1-(2-cyclopropylethyl)-3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile

Under an argon atmosphere, 4-[3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile (2.00 g, 6.09 mmol) and potassium carbonate (1.68 g, 12.2 mmol) were suspended in dimethylformamide (8.9 mL) and (2-bromoethyl)cyclopropane (1.3 ml, 12 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. Water was then added and the cloudy solution filtered. The oily residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate and washed with water. The filtrate and the aqueous phase were combined and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phase extracts were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in methanol/acetonitrile (50 mL) and purified by preparative SFC (Chiralpak AD-H 5 μm, 250×20 mm, flow: 80 mL/min, isocratic carbon dioxide/2-propanol 80/20, injections of 0.8 mL every 20 min) to yield the desired product (270 mg, 63% purity, 7% yield) along with its regioisomer 4-[1-(2-cyclopropylethyl)-5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile (see below).

LC-MS (method 14): R t =3.49 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=397 [M+H] +

Intermediate 159

4-[3-amino-1-(2-cyclopropylethyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile

4-[1-(2-cyclopropylethyl)-3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile (270 mg, 681 μmol) was dissolved in ethanol (6.4 mL) and hydrazine monohydrate (170 μL, 3.4 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 4 h. After cooling to ambient temperature, it was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with sat. aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate and brine and dried over sodium sulfate. The residue was concentrated to yield the desired product (168 mg, 67% purity, 62% yield) and was used without further purification.

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.79 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=267 [M+H] +

Intermediate 160

4-[1-(2-cyclopropylethyl)-5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile

This compound was obtained during the synthesis of its regioisomer 4-[1-(2-cyclopropylethyl)-3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile. Separation of the regioisomers by preparative SFC (Chiralpak AD-H 5 μm, 250×20 mm, flow: 80 mL/min, isocratic carbon dioxide/2-propanol 80/20, injections of 0.8 mL every 20 min) yielded the title compound (269 mg, 11% yield).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =1.15 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=397 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.061 (0.46), −0.052 (1.68), −0.049 (1.57), −0.042 (1.71), −0.031 (0.50), 0.274 (0.51), 0.282 (1.42), 0.286 (1.40), 0.291 (0.70), 0.294 (0.69), 0.298 (1.49), 0.301 (1.37), 0.310 (0.48), 0.611 (0.51), 1.612 (0.61), 1.626 (1.55), 1.640 (1.53), 1.654 (0.59), 2.070 (9.83), 4.071 (1.18), 4.086 (1.87), 4.100 (1.14), 7.918 (16.00), 7.981 (1.70), 7.988 (1.72), 7.992 (1.76), 7.998 (2.45), 8.058 (2.64), 8.065 (1.82), 8.069 (1.80), 8.075 (1.69).

Intermediate 161

4-[5-amino-1-(2-cyclopropylethyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile

4-[1-(2-cyclopropylethyl)-5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile (264 mg, 666 μmol) was dissolved in ethanol (10 mL) and hydrazine monohydrate (160 μL, 3.3 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 4.5 h. After cooling to ambient temperature, the precipitated solid was removed by filtration. The filtrate was concentrated to yield the desired product (209 mg, 57% purity, 67% yield) and was used without further purification.

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.84 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=267 [M+H] +

Intermediate 162

1-(6-{[1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid

A solution of ethyl 1-(6-{[1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate (175 mg, 348 μmol) in tetrahydrofuran (2.5 ml, 31 mmol) was treated with aqueous lithium hydroxide solution (1.7 ml, 1.0 M, 1.7 mmol) and stirred overnight at 80° C. and an additional day at 90° C. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was diluted with water and extracted once with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was discarded. The aqueous phase was acidified with hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 71.7 mg (37%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.95 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=476 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.149 (0.49), −0.008 (4.42), 0.008 (3.94), 0.146 (0.49), 0.298 (3.16), 0.309 (3.34), 0.437 (3.50), 0.456 (3.66), 0.975 (5.18), 0.993 (11.22), 1.012 (5.36), 1.040 (1.18), 1.057 (2.36), 1.075 (1.20), 1.175 (0.56), 1.188 (1.00), 1.194 (0.99), 1.206 (1.47), 1.218 (0.94), 1.224 (0.99), 1.235 (0.68), 1.910 (1.02), 2.357 (11.03), 2.376 (2.32), 2.443 (1.27), 2.461 (2.79), 2.479 (2.88), 2.811 (8.97), 2.910 (16.00), 2.931 (0.80), 3.433 (0.70), 3.451 (0.68), 3.798 (2.68), 3.814 (2.64), 6.568 (1.44), 7.254 (3.27), 7.276 (6.65), 7.298 (3.68), 7.670 (2.01), 7.685 (2.76), 7.703 (1.89), 8.317 (1.76), 8.522 (0.57), 9.464 (0.45), 12.627 (0.99).

Intermediate 163

N′-acetyl-1-(6-{[1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbohydrazide

A solution of 1-(6-{[1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (68.9 mg, 145 μmol) and acetohydrazide (32.2 mg, 435 μmol) in dimethylformamide (1.0 ml, 13 mmol) was treated with HATU (82.6 mg, 217 μmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (76 μl, 430 μmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were dried over Extrelut NT3 and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 95.4 mg (quant.) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.65 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=532 [M+H] +

Intermediate 164

1-(6-{[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid

A solution of ethyl 1-(6-{[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate (177 mg, 383 μmol) in tetrahydrofuran (2.5 ml, 31 mmol) was treated with aqueous lithium hydroxide solution (1.9 ml, 1.0 M, 1.9 mmol) and stirred at 85° C. overnight and additionally one day at 90° C. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was diluted with water and extracted once with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was discarded. The aqueous phase was acidified with hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 50.3 mg (30%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.75 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=436 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.973 (4.48), 0.991 (9.78), 1.010 (4.67), 1.032 (3.19), 1.047 (3.17), 1.910 (0.49), 2.369 (3.06), 2.448 (1.13), 2.467 (2.85), 2.486 (3.06), 2.913 (16.00), 3.645 (11.42), 7.248 (2.43), 7.270 (5.06), 7.292 (2.88), 7.649 (1.94), 7.664 (2.55), 7.669 (2.49), 7.684 (1.88), 8.536 (0.74), 9.519 (0.96), 12.634 (1.08).

Intermediate 165

N′-acetyl-1-(6-{[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbohydrazide

A solution of 1-(6-{[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (43.8 mg, 101 μmol) and acetohydrazide (22.4 mg, 302 μmol) in dimethylformamide (1.0 ml, 13 mmol) was treated with HATU (57.4 mg, 151 μmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (53 μl, 300 μmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were dried over Extrelut NT3 and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 65.1 mg (quant.) of the desired product

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.45 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=492 [M+H] +

Intermediate 166

4-[1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile

A solution of 4-[5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile (2.50 g, 7.61 mmol) in dimethylformamide (20 ml, 260 mmol) was treated with cesium carbonate (4.96 g, 15.2 mmol) and 2,2-difluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (2.0 ml, 15 mmol) and was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with water, brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by flash-chromatography on silica gel (Biotage SNAP Ultra 50 g, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate 40:1) to yield 1.45 g of the desired product (48%) together with its regioisomer (0.30 g, 10%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.95 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=393 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 2.076 (2.67), 2.083 (16.00), 4.638 (0.84), 4.646 (0.91), 4.668 (1.69), 4.675 (1.73), 4.697 (0.84), 4.704 (0.75), 6.174 (0.57), 6.276 (0.55), 6.283 (1.14), 6.290 (0.54), 6.393 (0.50), 7.921 (1.03), 7.923 (0.81), 7.926 (0.60), 7.939 (10.08), 7.943 (10.02), 7.955 (0.55), 7.959 (0.76), 7.961 (0.97), 7.973 (2.81), 7.979 (2.89), 7.984 (2.73), 7.990 (3.96), 7.998 (0.55), 8.000 (0.44), 8.039 (0.47), 8.041 (0.55), 8.049 (4.29), 8.054 (2.90), 8.059 (3.03), 8.066 (2.75).

Intermediate 167

4-[1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile

A solution of 4-[5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile (2.50 g, 7.61 mmol) in dimethylformamide (20 ml, 260 mmol) was treated with cesium carbonate (4.96 g, 15.2 mmol) and 2,2-difluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (2.0 ml, 15 mmol) and was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with water, brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by flash-chromatography on silica gel (Biotage SNAP Ultra 50 g, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate 40:1) to yield 300 mg of the desired product (10%) together with its regioisomer (1.45 g, 48%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.91 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=393 [M+H] +

Intermediate 168

4-[5-amino-1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile

A solution of 4-[1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile (1.45 g, 3.70 mmol) in ethanol (25 mL) was treated with hydrazine monohydrate (890 μl, 18.5 mmol) and stirred at 90° C. overnight. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was diluted with saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 950 mg (98%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.43 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=263 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (600 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 2.042 (16.00), 3.317 (0.88), 4.433 (1.06), 4.440 (1.16), 4.457 (2.17), 4.464 (2.23), 4.481 (1.11), 4.488 (1.04), 5.238 (5.93), 6.226 (0.61), 6.311 (0.61), 6.318 (1.23), 6.325 (0.63), 6.410 (0.58), 7.796 (2.39), 7.810 (6.51), 7.827 (6.45), 7.841 (2.43).

Intermediate 169

4-[3-amino-1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile

A solution of 4-[1-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]benzonitrile (300 mg, 765 μmol) in ethanol (5 mL) was treated with hydrazine monohydrate (186 μl, 3.8 mmol) and stirred at 90° C. overnight. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was diluted with saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 180 mg (90%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.71 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=263 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.782 (16.00), 4.094 (0.85), 4.105 (0.91), 4.130 (1.75), 4.140 (1.77), 4.166 (0.88), 4.176 (0.81), 4.787 (4.36), 6.021 (0.59), 6.150 (0.52), 6.160 (1.19), 6.170 (0.54), 6.298 (0.55), 7.528 (3.92), 7.533 (1.43), 7.545 (1.49), 7.549 (4.34), 7.961 (4.23), 7.965 (1.44), 7.977 (1.37), 7.982 (3.81).

Intermediate 170

1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine

Under an argon atmosphere 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (1.15 g, 7.72 mmol), 3-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine (1.03 g, 7.72 mmol) and cesium carbonate (2.52 g, 7.72 mmol) were dissolved in dimethylformamide (9.4 mL) and stirred at ambient temperature overnight. Water was added to the reaction mixture, which was further stirred for 30 min. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and further washed with water. It was then dried overnight under vacuum in a drying-oven to yield the desired product (1.2 g, 63% yield).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.91 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=246 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 2.660 (16.00), 7.658 (1.49), 7.670 (1.55), 7.680 (1.57), 7.691 (1.61), 7.963 (2.08), 8.726 (1.66), 8.729 (1.58), 8.737 (1.67), 8.741 (1.53), 8.961 (1.68), 8.963 (1.36), 8.982 (1.70), 8.985 (1.42), 8.992 (2.46).

Intermediate 171

1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine

Under an argon atmosphere, 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (1.12 g, 7.51 mmol), 3-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine (1.00 g, 7.51 mmol) and cesium carbonate were suspended in dimethylformamide and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. Water was added to the reaction mixture, which was further stirred for 30 min. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and further washed with water. It was then dried overnight under vacuum in a drying-oven to yield the desired product (1.57 g, 85% yield).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.63 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=246 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.997 (0.97), 2.462 (2.15), 2.561 (0.93), 2.700 (16.00), 2.733 (0.84), 2.785 (1.45), 2.892 (0.71), 3.003 (1.01), 6.892 (0.54), 7.541 (0.53), 7.667 (0.44), 7.963 (2.90), 8.516 (1.87), 8.529 (1.84), 8.590 (0.66), 8.616 (0.63), 8.649 (0.46), 8.667 (2.81), 8.682 (2.43), 8.941 (0.44), 9.001 (0.43), 9.023 (3.18), 9.245 (3.85).

Intermediate 172

4-chloro-6-(3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidine

Under an argon atmosphere, 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (1.81 g, 12.2 mmol), 3-methyl-1H-pyrazole (1.00 g, 12.2 mmol) and cesium carbonate (3.97 g, 12.2 mmol) were suspended in dimethylformamide (15 mL) and stirred overnight at ambient temperature. Water was added Water was added to the reaction mixture, which was further stirred for 15 min. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and further washed with water. It was then dried overnight under vacuum in a drying-oven at 40° C. to yield the desired product (1.58 g, 63% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.66 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=195 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 2.316 (16.00), 2.343 (0.21), 2.711 (1.18), 6.445 (0.25), 6.525 (2.49), 6.531 (2.60), 7.817 (0.25), 7.857 (3.22), 7.988 (0.26), 8.569 (2.22), 8.575 (2.46), 8.905 (3.20), 8.957 (0.27).

Intermediate 173

4-chloro-6-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidine

Under an argon atmosphere, 1H-pyrazole (1.00 g, 14.7 mmol), 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (2.19 g, 14.7 mmol) and cesium carbonate (4.79 g, 14.7 mmol) were suspended in dimethylformamide (18 mL) and stirred overnight at ambient temperature. Water was added Water was added to the reaction mixture, which was further stirred for 15 min. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and further washed with water. It was then dried overnight under vacuum in a drying-oven at 40° C. to yield the desired product (2.02 g, 76% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.45 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=181 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 6.705 (9.36), 6.710 (12.76), 6.715 (10.30), 7.978 (16.00), 8.011 (13.25), 8.254 (0.76), 8.705 (12.40), 8.711 (13.01), 8.735 (1.17), 8.742 (1.18), 8.964 (12.88), 8.988 (0.71).

Intermediate 174

4-chloro-6-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]pyrimidine

Under an argon atmosphere, 4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole (1.13 g, 8.27 mmol), 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (1.23 g, 8.27 mmol) and cesium carbonate (2.69 g, 8.27 mmol) were suspended in dimethylformamide (10 mL) and stirred overnight at ambient temperature. Water was added to the reaction mixture, which was further stirred for 15 min. Filtration of the cloudy mixture was not possible, therefore the mixture was diluted with brine and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phase extracts were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The desired product thus obtained (1.6 g, 62% purity, 46% yield) was used in the next step without further purification.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.33 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=249 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.149 (0.66), −0.008 (4.89), 0.008 (5.43), 0.146 (0.66), 2.329 (0.83), 2.367 (1.03), 2.671 (0.94), 2.711 (1.09), 2.732 (8.86), 2.892 (11.86), 7.953 (1.20), 8.103 (16.00), 8.345 (8.23), 8.482 (14.11), 8.510 (15.23), 8.965 (0.51), 9.060 (12.11), 9.157 (5.91), 9.159 (6.71), 9.362 (12.20), 9.406 (11.77).

Intermediate 175

3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropanenitrile

Under an argon atmosphere, ethyl 4-bromobenzoate (7.1 ml, 44 mmol) and propanenitrile (4.4 ml, 61 mmol) were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (100 mL) and a solution of lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (63 ml, 1.0 M, 63 mmol) was added dropwise at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h, and no further conversion took place. Further aliquots of propanenitrile (1.1 ml, 15 mmol) and lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide solution (17 ml, 1.0 M, 17 mmol) were then added and the reaction mixture allowed to stir overnight. The reaction was quenched by addition of water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic phase was discarded. The aqueous phase was acidified with aqueous hydrochloric acid to pH1-2 and extracted with dichloromethane (3×). The combined organic phase extracts were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The desired product thus obtained (9.17 g, 85% purity, 75% yield) was used in the next step without further purification.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.73 min; MS (ESIneg): m/z=236 [M−H] −

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (0.92), 1.458 (10.79), 1.476 (10.91), 1.664 (3.23), 1.854 (16.00), 5.098 (0.89), 5.116 (2.71), 5.134 (2.69), 5.152 (0.89), 7.359 (0.77), 7.380 (0.93), 7.484 (4.07), 7.505 (5.05), 7.674 (5.46), 7.695 (4.62), 7.812 (4.67), 7.833 (6.58), 7.937 (6.71), 7.959 (4.93), 10.936 (1.03).

Intermediate 176

3-(4-bromophenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropanenitrile (6.00 g, 25.2 mmol) was dissolved in toluene (100 mL) and methylhydrazine (1.3 ml, 25 mmol) and acetic acid (1.4 ml, 25 mmol) were added subsequently. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue redissolved in dichloromethane. It was loaded onto celite and purified by flash column chromatography (SNAP Ultra 100 g, cyclohexane/ethyl acetate gradient 60/40 to 0:100) to yield the desired product (5.56 g, 83% yield) along with its regioisomer (0.53 g, 8%).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.70 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=266 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.99 (s, 3H), 3.57 (s, 3H), 4.98 (s, 2H), 7.54 (m, 4H).

Intermediate 177

1-[1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]ethanone

A solution of 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (1.08 g, 7.24 mmol) and 1-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)ethanone (1.00 g, 7.24 mmol) in dimethylformamide (5.0 ml) was treated with cesium carbonate (2.36 g, 7.24 mmol) and stirred 1.5 hours at ambient temperature. The mixture was diluted with water; the occurring precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with water and dried to yield 1.40 g (74%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.74 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=251 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 2.461 (15.85), 2.922 (16.00), 2.968 (1.34), 7.990 (2.95), 9.014 (3.30).

Intermediate 178

1-[1-(6-{[1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]ethanone

A microwave vial was charged 1-[1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]ethanone (530 mg, 2.11 mmol) and 1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (570 mg, 2.33 mmol) and the contents were suspended in 1,4-dioxane (8.6 ml, 100 mmol). The reaction mixture was degassed with Ar for 3 min. Tris(dibenzylidenaceton)dipalladium (58.1 mg, 63.4 μmol) and Xantphos (73.4 mg, 127 μmol) were added and the reaction mixture was degassed again for 1 min and heated to 85° C. At this temperature and sodium phenolate (270 mg, 2.33 mmol) was added. The vial was sealed and heated at 85° C. for 90 minutes while vigorously stirring. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with brine and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×). The combined organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×30 mm/flow: 50 mL/min/solvent: A=water (0.01% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-5.00 min=10% B, 6.50 min=20% B, 17.0-19.75 min=100% B, 19.75-23.00 min=90% B) to yield the desired product (305 mg, 26%).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.41 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=460 [M+H] +

Intermediate 179

3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methoxy-3-oxopropanenitrile

A solution of ethyl 4-fluorobenzoate (4.4 ml, 30 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (88 ml, 1.1 mol) was treated with lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (62 ml, 1.0 M in tetrahydrofuran, 62 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic phase was discarded. The aqueous phase was acidified with hydrochloric acid and extracted with dichloromethane (2×). The combined organic phases were washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 10.0 g (80%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.54 min; MS (ESIneg): m/z=192 [M−H] −

Intermediate 180

3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methoxy-3-oxopropanenitrile (4.50 g, 23.3 mmol) in ethanol (40 ml, 690 mmol) was treated with hydrazine hydrate (1:1) (2.3 ml, 47 mmol) and refluxed overnight. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was poured into ice water. Saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 2.70 g (39%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.07 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=208 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.281 (0.58), 1.355 (0.48), 1.719 (0.83), 1.785 (0.65), 1.842 (1.35), 1.857 (0.83), 1.880 (0.56), 1.911 (0.41), 1.931 (4.34), 1.937 (3.87), 1.957 (4.21), 1.972 (4.40), 1.986 (1.87), 2.004 (4.19), 2.019 (0.65), 2.074 (0.68), 2.086 (2.74), 2.168 (0.51), 3.600 (1.14), 3.610 (1.45), 3.631 (16.00), 4.591 (0.85), 7.234 (1.77), 7.256 (3.38), 7.270 (1.65), 7.278 (2.23), 7.303 (0.95), 7.411 (0.64), 7.425 (0.74), 7.432 (0.63), 7.447 (0.50), 7.755 (1.85), 7.769 (2.22), 7.776 (2.12), 7.790 (1.71), 10.430 (1.00).

Intermediate 181

2-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

A solution of 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (1.94 g, 90% purity, 8.43 mmol) and 2-benzofuran-1,3-dione (1.87 g, 12.6 mmol) in acetic acid (17 ml) was stirred overnight at 125° C. After cooling to ambient temperature, acetic acid was removed under reduced pressure. The remaining residue was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with water, brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by flash-chromatography on silica gel (column: Biotage Snap Ultra 50 g, solvent: dichloromethane/ethyl acetate 10:1) to yield 1.60 g of the desired product (56%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.73 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=338 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.008 (0.43), 2.074 (3.12), 3.607 (16.00), 7.363 (1.99), 7.385 (3.78), 7.408 (1.95), 7.823 (2.29), 7.837 (2.63), 7.845 (2.34), 7.859 (1.96), 7.965 (2.39), 7.973 (2.85), 7.978 (2.92), 7.986 (3.87), 7.996 (1.03), 8.022 (0.96), 8.032 (3.74), 8.040 (2.70), 8.046 (2.47), 8.054 (2.02), 13.484 (2.62).

Intermediate 182

2-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (1.58 g, 4.68 mmol) in dimethylformamide (15 ml, 200 mmol) was treated with cesium carbonate (3.05 g, 9.37 mmol) and iodomethane (580 μl, 9.4 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with water (2×), brine and dried over sodium sulfate. The crude product was purified using flash-chromatography on silica gel (SNAP Ultra 10 g, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate 40:1) to obtain 84 mg of the desired product (5%) together with its regioisomer (105 mg, 6%).

LC-MS (method 10) R t =1.99 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=352 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.279 (0.43), 3.610 (16.00), 3.711 (13.88), 3.818 (1.03), 3.822 (1.27), 3.945 (0.44), 7.271 (1.59), 7.293 (3.32), 7.315 (1.81), 7.864 (1.87), 7.878 (2.15), 7.886 (2.14), 7.900 (1.81), 7.992 (1.84), 8.000 (2.09), 8.006 (2.24), 8.014 (2.97), 8.025 (0.53), 8.065 (0.50), 8.075 (2.95), 8.083 (2.17), 8.089 (2.09), 8.097 (1.80).

Intermediate 183

2-[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

A solution of 2-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (1.58 g, 4.68 mmol) in dimethylformamide (15 ml, 200 mmol) was treated with cesium carbonate (3.05 g, 9.37 mmol) and iodomethane (580 μl, 9.4 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with water (2×), brine and dried over sodium sulfate. The crude product was purified using flash-chromatography on silica gel (SNAP Ultra 10 g, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate 40:1) to obtain 105 mg of the desired product (6%) together with its regioisomer (84 mg, 5%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.83 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=352 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 2.073 (0.54), 3.469 (16.00), 3.789 (13.18), 7.386 (1.50), 7.408 (3.04), 7.430 (1.63), 7.643 (1.88), 7.657 (2.27), 7.662 (1.97), 7.678 (1.51), 7.958 (1.62), 7.966 (2.19), 7.971 (2.13), 7.979 (2.75), 8.014 (0.60), 8.025 (2.90), 8.032 (2.17), 8.039 (1.88), 8.046 (1.52).

Intermediate 184

3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 2-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (84.0 mg, 239 μmol) in ethanol (2 mL) was treated with hydrazine monohydrate (58 μl, 1.2 mmol) and stirred at 90° C. overnight. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with 1M sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 51.0 mg (75%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =0.91 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=222 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (0.72), 0.008 (0.69), 1.091 (0.48), 3.537 (14.59), 3.597 (16.00), 5.037 (3.62), 7.165 (1.74), 7.170 (0.65), 7.182 (0.83), 7.188 (3.65), 7.193 (0.83), 7.205 (0.67), 7.210 (1.95), 7.785 (1.81), 7.791 (0.77), 7.799 (2.02), 7.808 (2.01), 7.816 (0.75), 7.822 (1.78).

Intermediate 185

5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

A solution of 2-[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (105 mg, 299 μmol) in ethanol (2.6 mL) was treated with hydrazine monohydrate (73 μl, 1.5 mmol) and stirred at 90° C. overnight. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with 1M sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 67.0 mg (66%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =0.92 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=222 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.714 (0.45), 3.331 (1.36), 3.471 (16.00), 4.539 (1.96), 7.310 (1.83), 7.313 (0.89), 7.327 (3.96), 7.341 (0.96), 7.345 (2.28), 7.476 (2.26), 7.481 (1.24), 7.488 (2.58), 7.494 (2.29), 7.501 (1.07), 7.505 (1.90).

Intermediate 186

ethyl [1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]acetate

A solution of 4-chloro-6-hydrazinylpyrimidine (5.00 g, 34.6 mmol) in ethanol (70 ml, 1.2 mol) was treated with ethyl 3-acetyl-4-oxopentanoate (6.44 g, 34.6 mmol) and refluxed overnight. After cooling to room temperature the precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with ethanol and dried to yield 5.84 g (57%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.99 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=295 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.171 (4.91), 1.188 (10.15), 1.206 (5.04), 2.189 (16.00), 2.611 (14.69), 3.383 (1.43), 3.430 (0.76), 3.449 (0.62), 4.058 (1.62), 4.076 (4.86), 4.094 (4.79), 4.112 (1.56), 7.898 (3.18), 8.897 (3.57).

Intermediate 187

ethyl 1-(6-{[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate

A microwave vial was charged with 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine (84.0 mg, 409 μmol), ethyl 1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate (120 mg, 450 μmol) and sodium phenolate (52.2 mg, 450 μmol) and the contents were suspended in 1,4-dioxane (1.2 mL). The reaction mixture was degassed with Ar for 3 min. Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (4.87 mg, 5.32 μmol) and XantPhos (7.10 mg, 12.3 μmol) were added and the reaction mixture was degassed again for 1 min. The vial was sealed and heated at 85° C. overnight while vigorously shaking. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was filtered and concentrated. The residue was redissolved in dimethylsulfoxide and purified by preparative HPLC (method 3) to yield the desired product (7.8 mg, 4% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.00 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=436 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (1.08), 0.008 (1.23), 1.196 (4.83), 1.214 (10.43), 1.232 (5.08), 1.866 (11.62), 2.274 (14.25), 2.327 (0.62), 2.670 (0.68), 3.691 (16.00), 4.239 (1.55), 4.257 (4.87), 4.275 (4.83), 4.292 (1.47), 6.751 (4.70), 7.312 (0.91), 7.358 (2.02), 7.380 (4.55), 7.402 (2.66), 7.515 (2.53), 7.521 (1.13), 7.529 (2.83), 7.537 (2.30), 7.546 (0.91), 7.551 (1.94), 8.417 (2.60), 9.630 (1.74).

Intermediate 188

ethyl 1-(6-{[4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate

A microwave vial was charged with 4-ethyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (89.7 mg, 409 μmol), ethyl 1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate (120 mg, 450 μmol) and sodium phenolate (52.2 mg, 450 μmol) and the contents were suspended in 1,4-dioxane (1.2 mL). The reaction mixture was degassed with Ar for 3 min. Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (4.87 mg, 5.32 μmol) and XantPhos (7.10 mg, 12.3 μmol) were added and the reaction mixture was degassed again for 1 min. The vial was sealed and heated at 85° C. overnight while vigorously shaking. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was filtered and concentrated. The residue was redissolved in dimethylsulfoxide and purified by preparative HPLC (method 3) to yield the desired product (42 mg, 80% purity, 18% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.04 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=450 [M+H] +

Intermediate 189

4-chloro-6-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidine

4,6-dichloropyrimidine (1.28 g, 8.59 mmol), 4-fluoro-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole (980 mg, 8.59 mmol) and cesium carbonate (2.80 g, 8.59 mmol) were suspended in dimethylformamide (5.1 mL) and stirred at ambient temperature overnight. Water was then added and the reaction mixture further stirred for 15 min. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration, washed with water and dried in a drying-oven overnight at 40° C. The desired product thus obtained (1.55 g, 74% yield) was used in the next step without further purification.

LC-MS (method 11): Rt=1.41 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=227 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (0.54), 0.008 (0.45), 2.263 (16.00), 2.282 (0.55), 2.617 (9.61), 2.622 (7.84), 2.646 (0.32), 2.673 (1.24), 7.894 (2.73), 7.923 (0.23), 8.914 (3.27), 8.948 (0.28).

Intermediate 190

2-methyl-3-oxo-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]propanenitrile

Under an argon atmosphere, ethyl 4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoate (8.00 g, 34.2 mmol) and propanenitrile (3.7 ml, 51 mmol) were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (60 mL) and the resulting solution chilled with a water bath. A solution of lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (53 ml, 1.0 M, 53 mmol) was added slowly and the reaction mixture stirred at ambient temperature for 2 h. Water was added and the mixture extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was discarded and the aqueous phase acidified with aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (1.0 M). The acidic aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×) and the combined organic phase extracts were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The desired product thus obtained (6.21 g, 74% yield) was used in the next step without further purification.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.27 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=244 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.008 (0.62), 1.474 (8.85), 1.492 (8.96), 1.668 (3.23), 1.837 (1.43), 1.870 (16.00), 1.910 (2.16), 5.129 (0.74), 5.147 (2.20), 5.165 (2.18), 5.183 (0.71), 7.470 (3.36), 7.491 (4.29), 7.553 (1.29), 7.575 (3.87), 7.597 (3.51), 7.672 (4.95), 7.694 (4.07), 8.040 (0.20), 8.055 (0.17), 8.077 (0.19), 8.151 (4.90), 8.173 (4.57), 8.282 (0.38), 8.305 (0.34), 10.971 (0.88).

Intermediate 191

1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

2-methyl-3-oxo-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]propanenitrile (3.00 g, 12.3 mmol) and (cyclopropylmethyl)hydrazine dihydrochloride (2.45 g, 15.4 mmol) were suspended in 2-propanol (25 mL) and the reaction mixture was stirred under reflux for 3 h. After cooling to ambient temperature, it was concentrated to ⅓ of its original volume and aqueous saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution was added carefully. The reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×) and the combined organic phase extracts were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The desired product thus obtained was used in the next step without further purification (3.66 g, 92% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.86 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=312 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.008 (0.62), 1.474 (8.85), 1.492 (8.96), 1.668 (3.23), 1.837 (1.43), 1.870 (16.00), 1.910 (2.16), 5.129 (0.74), 5.147 (2.20), 5.165 (2.18), 5.183 (0.71), 7.470 (3.36), 7.491 (4.29), 7.553 (1.29), 7.575 (3.87), 7.597 (3.51), 7.672 (4.95), 7.694 (4.07), 8.040 (0.20), 8.055 (0.17), 8.077 (0.19), 8.151 (4.90), 8.173 (4.57), 8.282 (0.38), 8.305 (0.34), 10.971 (0.88).

Intermediate 192

2-methyl-3-oxo-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanenitrile

Under an argon atmosphere, ethyl 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate (3.32 g, 15.2 mmol) and propanenitrile (1.6 ml, 23 mmol) were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (30 mL) and the resulting solution chilled with a water bath. A solution of lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (24 ml, 1.0 M, 24 mmol) was added slowly and the reaction mixture stirred at ambient temperature for 2 h. Water was added and the mixture extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was discarded and the aqueous phase acidified with aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (1.0 M). The acidic aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×) and the combined organic phase extracts were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The desired product thus obtained (6.21 g, 74% yield) was used in the next step without further purification.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.24 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=228 [M+H] +

H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.008 (0.30), 1.175 (0.24), 1.482 (2.73), 1.500 (2.76), 1.672 (2.76), 1.849 (0.22), 1.892 (16.00), 1.909 (2.06), 1.989 (0.45), 5.179 (0.24), 5.196 (0.69), 5.214 (0.68), 5.232 (0.24), 7.639 (0.48), 7.659 (0.58), 7.758 (2.82), 7.779 (4.37), 7.846 (4.69), 7.867 (3.09), 7.971 (1.26), 7.991 (1.47), 8.200 (1.45), 8.220 (1.22), 11.103 (0.63).

Intermediate 193

1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

2-methyl-3-oxo-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanenitrile (1.20 g, 5.28 mmol) and (cyclopropylmethyl)hydrazine dihydrochloride (1.05 g, 6.60 mmol) were suspended in 2-propanol (12 mL) and the reaction mixture was stirred under reflux for 3 h. After cooling to ambient temperature, aqueous saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution was added carefully. The reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×) and the combined organic phase extracts were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The desired product thus obtained was used in the next step without further purification (1.52 g, 90% purity, 87% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.84 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=296 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.347 (0.66), 0.360 (2.54), 0.363 (2.53), 0.372 (2.96), 0.384 (1.01), 0.407 (0.39), 0.427 (1.08), 0.435 (2.29), 0.446 (1.55), 0.455 (2.50), 0.471 (0.56), 1.175 (0.19), 1.194 (0.45), 1.205 (0.67), 1.212 (0.60), 1.224 (0.90), 1.236 (0.63), 1.242 (0.58), 1.254 (0.29), 1.337 (0.22), 1.352 (0.22), 1.693 (0.27), 1.780 (0.18), 1.825 (0.18), 1.990 (0.16), 2.024 (1.18), 2.038 (16.00), 2.135 (0.49), 2.432 (0.46), 3.830 (4.46), 3.847 (4.35), 5.006 (1.95), 7.705 (2.76), 7.726 (3.96), 7.771 (0.98), 7.808 (4.09), 7.828 (2.80), 7.847 (0.28), 7.868 (0.18), 7.892 (0.19), 7.905 (0.19), 8.155 (0.17).

Intermediate 194

4-chloro-6-[5-methyl-3-(propan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]pyrimidine

4,6-Dichloropyrimidine (1.08 g, 7.25 mmol), 5-methyl-3-(propan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (900 mg, 7.25 mmol) and cesium carbonate (2.36 g, 7.25 mmol) were suspended in dimethylformamide (8.8 mL) and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. A second batch of 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (1.08 g, 7.25 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture stirred again overnight.

Water was added and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration. The solid was purified by flash column chromatography (SNAP Ultra 25 g, cyclohexane/ethyl acetate gradient, then wash with dichloromethane/methanol 80/20) to yield a mixture of both isomers. The two regioisomers were separated by preparative HPLC (Daicel Chiralpak AS-H 5 μm, 250×20 mm, Flow: 20 mL/min, injections of 30 μL every 7 min, n-heptane/ethanol isocratic 99.5/0.5) to yield the desired product (104 mg, 6% yield).

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.223 (15.72), 1.241 (16.00), 2.671 (9.29), 2.673 (9.86), 2.909 (0.92), 2.927 (1.22), 2.944 (0.89), 6.353 (2.45), 7.897 (2.74), 7.900 (2.95), 8.899 (2.44), 8.901 (2.61).

Intermediate 195

ethyl 4-chloro-1-[6-({1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-yl}amino)pyrimidin-4-yl]-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate

Under an argon atmosphere, 1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (314 mg, 1.01 mmol) was dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (2.2 mL) and sodium phenolate (117 mg, 1.01 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was degassed with Ar for 3 min. Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (10.9 mg, 11.9 μmol), XantPhos (15.9 mg, 27.5 μmol) and ethyl 4-chloro-1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate (368 mg, 75% purity, 917 μmol) were added and the reaction mixture was degassed again for 1 min. It was then heated at 90° C. overnight while vigorously stirring. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was loaded on silica gel and purified by flash column chromatography (SNAP Ultra 25 g, cyclohexane/ethyl acetate gradient 95/5 to 20/80) to yield the desired product (176 mg, 80% purity, 27% yield).

LC-MS (method 10) R t =2.59 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=576 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.149 (0.26), −0.008 (2.04), 0.008 (2.25), 0.146 (0.30), 0.299 (2.85), 0.346 (0.58), 0.358 (0.60), 0.423 (3.10), 0.442 (3.60), 1.158 (0.60), 1.175 (1.08), 1.190 (1.53), 1.207 (1.45), 1.231 (6.00), 1.249 (11.55), 1.267 (5.92), 1.315 (0.68), 1.363 (0.45), 1.380 (0.27), 1.398 (7.00), 1.428 (0.36), 1.965 (0.21), 1.989 (0.44), 2.000 (2.88), 2.036 (16.00), 2.130 (0.25), 2.147 (0.26), 2.177 (0.26), 2.271 (2.19), 2.328 (0.97), 2.333 (0.84), 2.367 (0.38), 2.375 (0.53), 2.394 (0.23), 2.680 (1.63), 2.711 (0.40), 3.568 (0.48), 3.802 (0.79), 3.819 (0.93), 3.851 (2.49), 3.866 (2.49), 4.329 (2.26), 4.347 (6.84), 4.364 (6.82), 4.382 (2.38), 4.948 (0.84), 7.171 (0.22), 7.342 (0.53), 7.363 (0.60), 7.429 (3.89), 7.450 (4.32), 7.684 (0.79), 7.706 (0.75), 7.827 (2.51), 7.843 (1.99), 8.433 (0.32), 9.625 (0.30).

Intermediate 196

ethyl 1-[6-({1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-yl}amino)pyrimidin-4-yl]-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate

Under an argon atmosphere, 1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (314 mg, 1.01 mmol) was dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (2.2 mL) and sodium phenolate (117 mg, 1.01 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was degassed with Ar for 3 min. Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (10.9 mg, 11.9 μmol), XantPhos (15.9 mg, 27.5 μmol) and ethyl 1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate (272 mg, 90% purity, 917 μmol) were added and the reaction mixture was degassed again for 1 min. It was then heated at 90° C. overnight while vigorously stirring. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was loaded on silica gel and purified by flash column chromatography (SNAP Ultra 25 g, cyclohexane/ethyl acetate gradient 95/5 to 20/80) and further purified by preparative HPLC (column: Chromatorex C18; 125*30 mm, 10 μM, flow 75 mL/min, gradient acetonitrile/water (containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid) 5/95 to 95/5) to yield the desired product (114 mg, 23% yield).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =1.25 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=542 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.149 (0.20), −0.022 (0.38), 0.008 (1.64), 0.146 (0.20), 0.293 (2.56), 0.303 (2.73), 0.426 (2.85), 0.445 (2.98), 1.164 (0.44), 1.176 (0.82), 1.200 (6.83), 1.218 (13.27), 1.235 (7.16), 2.042 (16.00), 2.261 (2.83), 2.328 (0.42), 2.367 (0.28), 2.670 (0.30), 2.711 (0.24), 3.854 (2.58), 3.870 (2.53), 4.246 (2.10), 4.264 (6.63), 4.282 (6.57), 4.300 (2.06), 6.750 (2.03), 7.429 (3.68), 7.450 (4.07), 7.826 (2.65), 7.847 (2.47), 8.434 (0.44), 9.582 (0.36).

Intermediate 197

N′-acetyl-1-(6-{[4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbohydrazide

A solution of 1-(6-{[4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (66.0 mg, 152 μmol) and acetohydrazide (33.7 mg, 455 μmol) in dimethylformamide (1.0 ml, 13 mmol) was treated with HATU (86.4 mg, 227 μmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (79 μl, 450 μmol) and stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The mixture was purified using preparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×30 mm/flow: 50 mL/min/solvent: A=water (0.01% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-5.00 min=10% B, 6.50 min=20% B, 17.0-19.75 min=100% B, 19.75-23.00 min=90% B) to yield 58.0 mg of the desired product (78%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.46 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=492 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (1.43), 0.008 (1.20), 0.873 (3.58), 0.892 (8.13), 0.911 (3.70), 1.141 (0.68), 1.882 (1.12), 1.905 (11.25), 2.299 (11.74), 2.309 (2.88), 2.328 (2.71), 2.346 (0.76), 2.524 (0.59), 2.756 (12.15), 3.652 (16.00), 7.359 (2.13), 7.364 (1.10), 7.376 (2.54), 7.381 (5.24), 7.398 (0.96), 7.403 (2.68), 7.503 (2.56), 7.508 (1.12), 7.516 (2.86), 7.524 (2.25), 7.533 (0.89), 7.538 (1.88), 8.500 (2.43), 9.471 (1.54), 9.701 (2.34), 9.886 (2.71).

Intermediate 198

1-(6-{[4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde

A solution of [1-(6-{[4-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]methanol (135 mg, 320 μmol) in dichloromethane (5.0 ml, 78 mmol) was treated with manganese(IV) oxide (139 mg, 1.60 mmol). The mixture was stirred one hour at ambient temperature and left over the weekend. Additional five equivalents of manganese(IV) oxide (139.2 mg, 1.6 mmol) were added at the mixture was again stirred overnight and 4 days at ambient temperature. The mixture was filtered over a pad of kieselgur, which was washed with dichloromethane. The filtrate was concentrated to yield the desired product (108 mg, 74%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.98 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=420 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (0.76), 0.008 (0.69), 0.874 (3.39), 0.892 (7.56), 0.911 (3.45), 1.866 (0.48), 2.208 (0.79), 2.293 (0.86), 2.312 (2.31), 2.330 (2.33), 2.349 (0.74), 2.413 (14.46), 2.461 (0.57), 2.613 (0.81), 2.928 (15.57), 2.968 (0.53), 3.610 (0.56), 3.651 (16.00), 5.755 (1.56), 7.359 (1.87), 7.381 (4.33), 7.403 (2.69), 7.428 (1.27), 7.494 (0.44), 7.502 (2.54), 7.507 (1.19), 7.515 (2.82), 7.523 (2.36), 7.532 (0.89), 7.537 (1.94), 8.536 (2.69), 9.570 (1.37), 10.014 (6.17).

Intermediate 199

ethyl 1-[6-({1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-yl}amino)pyrimidin-4-yl]-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate

Under an argon atmosphere, 1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (210 mg, 90% purity, 640 μmol) and sodium phenolate (74.3 mg, 640 μmol) and the contents were suspended in 1,4-dioxane (1.4 mL). The reaction mixture was degassed with Ar for 3 min. Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (6.93 mg, 7.56 μmol), XantPhos (10.1 mg, 17.5 μmol) and ethyl 1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate (172 mg, 90% purity, 582 μmol) were added and the reaction mixture was degassed again for 1 min. It was then heated at 90° C. overnight while vigorously stirring. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was loaded onto silica gel and purified by flash column chromatography (SNAP Ultra 25 g, cyclohexane/ethyl acetate gradient 95/5 to 20/80) and further by preparative HPLC (column: Chromatorex C18; 125*30 mm, 10 μM, flow 75 mL/min, gradient acetonitrile/water (containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid) 5/95 to 95/5) to yield the desired product (35 mg, 11% yield).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =1.24 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=526 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.149 (0.63), −0.023 (1.10), 0.147 (0.61), 0.314 (2.53), 0.433 (2.67), 0.453 (2.77), 0.853 (0.18), 1.200 (6.38), 1.218 (12.78), 1.236 (8.34), 2.073 (16.00), 2.263 (2.55), 2.328 (0.90), 2.367 (0.59), 2.670 (0.88), 2.711 (0.57), 3.875 (2.38), 3.892 (2.32), 4.247 (1.94), 4.264 (6.18), 4.282 (6.11), 4.300 (1.90), 5.754 (9.42), 6.753 (1.98), 7.793 (3.40), 7.813 (4.65), 7.938 (2.77), 7.958 (2.24), 8.431 (0.47), 9.602 (0.35).

Intermediate 200

ethyl 4-chloro-1-[6-({1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-yl}amino)pyrimidin-4-yl]-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate

Under an argon atmosphere, 1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (210 mg, 90% purity, 640 μmol) and sodium phenolate (74.3 mg, 640 μmol) and the contents were suspended in 1,4-dioxane (1.4 mL). The reaction mixture was degassed with Ar for 3 min. Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (6.93 mg, 7.56 μmol), XantPhos (10.1 mg, 17.5 μmol) and ethyl 4-chloro-1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate (234 mg, 75% purity, 582 μmol) were added and the reaction mixture was degassed again for 1 min. It was then heated at 90° C. overnight while vigorously stirring. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was loaded onto silica gel and purified by flash column chromatography (SNAP Ultra 25 g, cyclohexane/ethyl acetate gradient 95/5 to 20/80) to yield the desired product (45 mg, 82% purity, 11% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.56 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=560 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.149 (0.56), 0.146 (0.56), 0.310 (2.62), 0.430 (2.76), 0.449 (3.16), 0.851 (0.23), 1.204 (1.52), 1.231 (6.14), 1.249 (11.15), 1.267 (5.62), 1.398 (2.20), 1.614 (0.26), 1.989 (0.23), 2.034 (1.69), 2.067 (16.00), 2.272 (2.16), 2.327 (1.31), 2.367 (0.73), 2.375 (0.45), 2.682 (1.34), 2.710 (0.66), 3.568 (0.52), 3.824 (0.49), 3.841 (0.61), 3.872 (2.30), 4.329 (2.11), 4.347 (6.30), 4.365 (6.23), 4.383 (2.30), 4.995 (0.47), 7.196 (0.21), 7.724 (0.45), 7.793 (3.68), 7.813 (4.87), 7.937 (2.62), 7.956 (1.99), 8.445 (0.40), 9.655 (0.33).

Intermediate 201

ethyl 4-(difluoromethyl)benzoate

4-(difluoromethyl)benzoic acid (5.00 g, 29.0 mmol) was suspended in thionyl chloride (15 ml, 210 mmol) and refluxed for 30 minutes. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The remaining material was resolved in ethanol (50 ml, 860 mmol) and the mixture was refluxed for 1 hour. After cooling to ambient temperature, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure; the remaining residue was resolved in dichloromethane and washed with water (2×). The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 5.57 g (96%) of the desired product.

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.014 (1.55), 1.316 (7.29), 1.334 (16.00), 1.345 (9.92), 1.352 (9.81), 1.363 (4.50), 3.334 (3.11), 4.316 (2.45), 4.333 (7.73), 4.345 (5.91), 4.351 (8.54), 4.362 (4.82), 4.369 (3.81), 4.380 (1.50), 6.999 (2.02), 7.009 (1.36), 7.138 (3.87), 7.148 (2.59), 7.277 (1.95), 7.287 (1.33), 7.714 (5.37), 7.732 (7.17), 8.076 (6.10), 8.094 (6.57), 8.106 (4.09).

Intermediate 202

3-[4-(difluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-methyl-3-oxopropanenitrile

A solution of ethyl 4-(difluoromethyl)benzoate (5.20 g, 26.0 mmol) and propanenitrile (2.8 ml, 39 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (66 ml, 820 mmol) was treated with a solution of lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (40 ml, 1.0 M in tetrahydrofuran, 40 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted once with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was discarded. The aqueous phase was acidified with hydrochloric acid and extracted with dichloromethane (2×). The combined organic phases were washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 3.52 g (60%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.56 min; MS (ESIneg): m/z=208 [M−H] −

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.489 (6.90), 1.506 (6.88), 1.679 (2.15), 1.889 (16.00), 1.917 (0.73), 5.152 (0.54), 5.169 (1.66), 5.187 (1.64), 5.205 (0.52), 6.961 (1.45), 7.017 (0.99), 7.100 (2.84), 7.156 (1.95), 7.240 (1.34), 7.294 (0.95), 7.578 (0.55), 7.665 (0.75), 7.688 (14.11), 7.712 (0.95), 7.787 (2.51), 7.807 (2.79), 8.147 (3.00), 8.167 (2.67), 10.998 (0.95).

Intermediate 203

1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-[4-(difluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 3-[4-(difluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-methyl-3-oxopropanenitrile (1.75 g, 8.37 mmol) in 2-propanol (18 ml) was treated with (cyclopropylmethyl)hydrazine dihydrochloride (1.73 g, 10.9 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at 95° C. After cooling to ambient temperature and removal of the solvent, the mixture was purified by preparative HPLC (method: column: Reprosil C18; 10 μm; 125×30 mm/flow: 50 mL/min/solvent: A=water (0.01% formic acid), B=acetonitrile/gradient: 0.00-5.00 min=10% B, 6.50 min=20% B, 17.0-19.75 min=100% B, 19.75-23.00 min=90% B) to yield 1.38 g (60%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.55 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=278 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.343 (0.56), 0.356 (2.14), 0.359 (2.25), 0.368 (2.59), 0.380 (0.97), 0.422 (0.95), 0.431 (1.95), 0.442 (1.31), 0.451 (2.19), 0.468 (0.56), 1.198 (0.53), 1.205 (0.52), 1.217 (0.83), 1.230 (0.51), 1.235 (0.50), 2.019 (16.00), 3.818 (4.07), 3.835 (4.01), 4.986 (0.93), 6.892 (1.14), 7.032 (2.32), 7.172 (1.04), 7.555 (2.53), 7.575 (3.22), 7.717 (3.61), 7.738 (2.83).

Intermediate 204

3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropanenitrile

A solution of ethyl 4-chlorobenzoate (4.2 ml, 27 mmol) and propanenitrile (5.8 ml, 81 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (80 ml, 990 mmol) was treated with a solution of lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (84 ml, 1.0 M in tetrahydrofuran, 84 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted once with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was discarded. The aqueous phase was acidified with hydrochloric acid and extracted with dichloromethane (2×). The combined organic phases were washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 3.52 g (60%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.65 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=194 [M+H] +

Intermediate 205

3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropanenitrile (2.73 g, 14.1 mmol) in 2-propanol (51 ml) was treated with (cyclopropylmethyl)hydrazine dihydrochloride (2.92 g, 18.3 mmol). The mixture was refluxed overnight. After cooling to ambient temperature and the mixture was diluted with water and 1M sodium hydroxide solution was added. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with 1M sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 3.62 g (96%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.63 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=262 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.008 (0.43), 0.331 (0.53), 0.344 (2.14), 0.347 (2.30), 0.356 (2.62), 0.369 (0.99), 0.413 (0.95), 0.423 (2.01), 0.426 (1.83), 0.433 (1.34), 0.442 (2.28), 0.458 (0.58), 1.185 (0.54), 1.191 (0.52), 1.203 (0.83), 1.215 (0.51), 1.223 (0.52), 1.988 (16.00), 3.794 (4.27), 3.811 (4.21), 4.934 (4.93), 7.404 (3.85), 7.421 (1.50), 7.425 (5.00), 7.591 (4.95), 7.607 (1.40), 7.612 (4.05).

Intermediate 206

1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methoxy-3-oxopropanenitrile (2.50 g, 12.9 mmol) in 2-propanol (50 mL) was treated with (cyclopropylmethyl)hydrazine dihydrochloride (2.68 g, 16.8 mmol). The mixture was refluxed overnight. After cooling to ambient temperature the mixture concentrated under reduced pressure. The remaining residue was taken up in acetonitrile, crystalline material was collected by filtration. The solid material was resolved in ethyl acetate and washed with 1M sodium hydroxide solution. The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 1.58 g of the desired product (47%).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.57 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=262 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (0.91), 0.008 (0.78), 0.337 (2.14), 0.349 (7.29), 0.353 (7.32), 0.362 (8.28), 0.365 (7.78), 0.374 (3.16), 0.391 (0.76), 0.398 (0.75), 0.411 (1.24), 0.427 (3.40), 0.436 (6.54), 0.440 (5.92), 0.447 (4.35), 0.456 (7.12), 0.460 (5.63), 0.472 (1.88), 1.171 (0.70), 1.176 (0.97), 1.189 (1.75), 1.191 (1.72), 1.196 (1.75), 1.208 (2.72), 1.216 (1.43), 1.220 (1.64), 1.226 (1.57), 1.228 (1.56), 1.240 (0.77), 1.245 (0.57), 3.317 (16.00), 3.762 (13.65), 3.780 (13.34), 4.989 (15.04), 7.164 (1.07), 7.171 (6.91), 7.176 (2.91), 7.188 (3.41), 7.193 (14.02), 7.211 (2.63), 7.216 (7.35), 7.223 (1.01), 7.792 (1.22), 7.799 (7.39), 7.805 (3.57), 7.814 (8.23), 7.822 (8.20), 7.831 (3.02), 7.836 (6.97), 7.843 (0.92).

Intermediate 207

4-[5-amino-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-methoxy-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile

A solution of 4-[cyano(methoxy)acetyl]benzonitrile (1.81 g, 9.04 mmol) and (cyclopropylmethyl)hydrazine dihydrochloride (1.87 g, 11.8 mmol) in 2-propanol (36 ml) was refluxed overnight. After cooling to ambient temperature the crude product was purified by flash-chromatography on silica gel (column: Biotage DNAP Ultra 25 g, solvent: 12% dichloromethane/88% ethyl acetate to 100% ethyl acetate) to yield 1.58 g (63%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.53 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=269 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.350 (1.94), 0.363 (8.44), 0.365 (8.46), 0.375 (9.90), 0.387 (3.18), 0.406 (0.76), 0.410 (0.74), 0.424 (1.04), 0.441 (3.14), 0.451 (7.31), 0.471 (8.02), 0.486 (1.91), 1.176 (0.51), 1.195 (1.18), 1.207 (1.98), 1.214 (1.94), 1.226 (2.94), 1.238 (1.91), 1.244 (1.91), 1.257 (0.93), 1.321 (0.67), 1.336 (0.67), 3.173 (0.42), 3.323 (3.32), 3.481 (0.66), 3.611 (0.53), 3.804 (14.03), 3.821 (14.13), 4.158 (0.71), 5.120 (13.03), 7.807 (11.20), 7.828 (14.44), 7.944 (0.86), 7.964 (16.00), 7.985 (12.23), 8.012 (0.50).

Intermediate 208

3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

A solution of 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropanenitrile (2.67 g, 13.8 mmol) and methylhydrazine (730 μl, 14 mmol) in toluene was treated with acetic acid (790 μl, 14 mmol) and stirred for 2 days at ambient temperature and 2 additional days at 80° C. The mixture was diluted with water and the volume was reduced under reduced pressure. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with water, brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified using preparative HPLC (column: XBridge C18, 5 μM, 75×30 mm, flow 80 mL/min, solvents: A (water), B (acetonitrile/water 80/20+2% formic acid), C (acetonitrile), gradient: 0.00-1.00 min 85% A/10% B/5% C, 1.00-7.20 min to 60% A/10% B/30% C, 7.20-7.40 min to 5% A/10% B/85% C, keep until 8.30 min, 8.30-8.80 min 85% A/10% B/5% C keep until 10.60 min) to yield 1.20 g of the desired product (37%) along with its regioisomer (250 mg, 9.6%).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.71 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=222 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.987 (16.00), 2.013 (0.56), 3.650 (0.44), 4.987 (3.15), 7.396 (0.66), 7.401 (3.95), 7.405 (1.44), 7.415 (1.69), 7.419 (4.67), 7.424 (0.79), 7.577 (0.85), 7.582 (4.91), 7.586 (1.62), 7.596 (1.56), 7.599 (3.89), 7.604 (0.64).

Intermediate 209

5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

A solution of 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropanenitrile (2.67 g, 13.8 mmol) and methylhydrazine (730 μl, 14 mmol) in toluene was treated with acetic acid (790 μl, 14 mmol) and stirred for 2 days at ambient temperature and 2 additional days at 80° C. The mixture was diluted with water and the volume was reduced under reduced pressure. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were washed with water, brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified using preparative HPLC (column: XBridge C18, 5 μM, 75×30 mm, flow 80 mL/min, solvents: A (water), B (acetonitrile/water 80/20+2% formic acid), C (acetonitrile), gradient: 0.00-1.00 min 85% A/10% B/5% C, 1.00-7.20 min to 60% A/10% B/30% C, 7.20-7.40 min to 5% A/10% B/85% C, keep until 8.30 min, 8.30-8.80 min 85% A/10% B/5% C keep until 10.60 min) to yield 250 mg of the desired product (9.6%) along with its regioisomer (1.2 g, 37%).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.75 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=222 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.381 (0.41), 1.765 (16.00), 1.799 (1.38), 1.984 (2.99), 2.074 (0.69), 3.195 (1.30), 3.314 (10.21), 3.561 (3.09), 4.479 (0.94), 4.977 (1.02), 7.053 (0.47), 7.276 (0.43), 7.362 (3.45), 7.382 (4.55), 7.397 (0.76), 7.418 (0.81), 7.454 (0.41), 7.534 (4.14), 7.555 (3.40), 7.577 (1.00), 7.599 (0.85).

Intermediate 210

2-[1-(2-cyclopropyl-2-oxoethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

2-[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (5.80 g, 18.0 mmol) and potassium carbonate (4.99 g, 36.1 mmol) were suspended in dimethylformamide (25 mL) and 2-bromo-1-cyclopropylethanone (5.00 g, 30.7 mmol) was slowly added under an argon atmosphere. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature overnight. Water was added and the mixture stirred for another 5 min. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and washed with water. It was then dried in a vacuum drying-oven at 40° C. overnight. Further purification by flash column chromatography (SNAP Ultra 100 g, cyclohexane/ethyl acetate gradient 88/12 to 10/90) yielded the desired product (3.78 g, 49% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.03 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=404 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (1.98), 0.008 (1.97), 0.767 (0.68), 0.778 (1.87), 0.785 (2.92), 0.797 (2.56), 0.804 (1.55), 0.825 (0.66), 0.838 (1.45), 0.844 (2.53), 0.852 (1.60), 0.857 (1.74), 0.864 (2.97), 0.872 (1.54), 0.883 (0.70), 1.157 (1.19), 1.175 (2.38), 1.192 (1.21), 1.891 (0.74), 1.898 (0.81), 1.910 (1.37), 1.921 (0.80), 1.929 (0.68), 1.980 (0.68), 1.988 (4.43), 2.008 (0.44), 2.037 (16.00), 4.020 (1.04), 4.038 (1.05), 5.180 (8.30), 7.277 (2.31), 7.300 (4.83), 7.317 (0.97), 7.322 (2.58), 7.721 (2.60), 7.726 (1.28), 7.735 (2.87), 7.743 (2.72), 7.751 (1.07), 7.757 (2.31), 7.949 (2.74), 7.957 (2.87), 7.963 (2.78), 7.971 (4.37), 7.981 (0.77), 8.010 (0.72), 8.020 (4.33), 8.027 (2.71), 8.034 (2.87), 8.041 (2.45).

Intermediate 211

2-{1-[(±)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxypropyl]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl}-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (Racemate)

Under an argon atmosphere, 2-[1-(2-cyclopropyl-2-oxoethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (500 mg, 1.24 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (8 mL) and cooled to 0° C. A solution of methylmagnesium bromide in tetrahydrofuran (1.9 mL, 1.0 M, 1.9 mmol). After 2 h, a second aliquot methylmagnesium bromide in tetrahydrofuran (1.5 mL, 1.0 M, 1.5 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. A third aliquot methylmagnesium bromide in tetrahydrofuran (1.5 mL, 1.0 M, 1.5 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 2 h. It was then carefully quenched by addition of Na 2 EDTA solution (10%) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×). The combined organic phase extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, concentrated and to yield a complex mixture that was used in the next step without further purification.

LC-MS (method 11): Rt=1.38 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=420 [M+H] +

Intermediate 212

(±)-1-[5-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-cyclopropylpropan-2-ol (Racemate)

The complex mixture containing 2-{1-[(2S)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxypropyl]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl}-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (510 mg, 1.22 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (18 mL) and hydrazine monohydrate (300 μL, 6.1 mmol) and acetic acid (210 μL, 3.6 mmol) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred under reflux for 3 h and allowed to cool to ambient temperature and left standing overnight. Water was added to the mixture, which was then extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase extract was washed with aqueous saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (SNAP Ultra 25 g, cyclohexane/ethyl acetate gradient 90/10 to 0/100) to yield the desired product (39 mg, 11% yield).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.03 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=290 [M+H] + , 272 [M-water+H] +

Intermediate 213

2-methyl-3-oxo-3-(pyridin-4-yl)propanenitrile

Ethyl pyridine-4-carboxylate (5.0 ml, 33 mmol) and propanenitrile (5.9 ml, 83 mmol) were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (47 mL) and chilled with a waterbath. A solution of lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (84 mL, 1.0 M, 84 mmol) was slowly added and vigorous stirring. A pale yellow solid starts precipitating immediately. After 30 min, the precipitated solid was collected by filtration, washed with tetrahydrofuran and dried under vacuum. It was then suspended in ethyl acetate and aqueous ammonium chloride solution and adjusted to pH 4-5 with aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (1 M). After phase separation, the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (2×). The combined organic phase extracts were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to yield the desired product (4.08 g, 75% yield).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =0.53 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=161 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.149 (0.18), −0.008 (1.47), 0.008 (1.67), 0.146 (0.17), 1.085 (0.38), 1.104 (0.19), 1.471 (0.66), 1.484 (0.67), 1.564 (0.55), 1.676 (3.26), 1.884 (16.00), 2.328 (0.20), 2.367 (0.17), 2.523 (0.54), 2.670 (0.22), 2.711 (0.18), 5.143 (0.19), 7.412 (0.74), 7.416 (0.55), 7.427 (0.81), 7.523 (4.17), 7.538 (4.45), 7.874 (0.49), 8.694 (4.40), 8.708 (4.64), 8.873 (0.44), 11.166 (0.44).

Intermediate 214

1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-methyl-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

2-methyl-3-oxo-3-(pyridin-4-yl)propanenitrile (2.00 g, 12.5 mmol) and (cyclopropylmethyl)hydrazine dihydrochloride (2.48 g, 15.6 mmol) were suspended in 2-propanol (28 ml) and the reaction mixture heated to reflux for 4.5 h while vigorously stirring. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was carefully quenched by addition of saturated aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phase extracts were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to yield the desired product (2.04 g, 69% yield).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.64 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=229 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.343 (0.53), 0.358 (2.52), 0.370 (2.88), 0.380 (1.02), 0.424 (0.95), 0.436 (2.10), 0.443 (1.47), 0.453 (2.33), 0.468 (0.56), 1.200 (0.61), 1.205 (0.56), 1.218 (0.89), 1.230 (0.56), 1.237 (0.59), 2.053 (16.00), 3.830 (4.48), 3.847 (4.45), 5.025 (5.06), 7.567 (4.07), 7.571 (3.53), 7.579 (2.63), 7.583 (4.73), 8.516 (3.90), 8.519 (3.54), 8.527 (2.45), 8.531 (4.43).

Intermediate 215

1-(6-{[1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid

A solution of ethyl 1-(6-{[1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate (1.38 g, 2.81 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (19 ml, 230 mmol) was treated with aqueous lithium hydroxide solution (14 ml, 1.0 M, 14 mmol) and stirred for 2 days at ambient temperature followed by reflux overnight. After cooling to room temperature the mixture was diluted with water and acidified with hydrochloric acid. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 977 mg (75%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 10): R t =1.86 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=462 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.304 (2.49), 0.313 (2.57), 0.435 (2.69), 0.450 (2.75), 1.183 (0.42), 1.193 (0.77), 1.199 (0.76), 1.209 (1.18), 1.215 (0.62), 1.218 (0.69), 1.223 (0.71), 1.917 (2.17), 2.018 (16.00), 2.367 (1.57), 2.914 (12.32), 3.573 (2.49), 3.842 (1.91), 3.855 (1.85), 7.258 (2.57), 7.262 (1.13), 7.276 (5.09), 7.294 (2.73), 7.722 (1.48), 7.733 (1.99), 7.749 (1.37), 12.614 (0.58).

Intermediate 216

N′-acetyl-1-(6-{[1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbohydrazide

A solution of 1-(6-{[1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (500 mg, 1.08 mmol) and acetohydrazide (241 mg, 3.25 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (8.3 mL) was treated with HATU (618 mg, 1.63 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (570 μl, 3.3 mmol) and stirred one hour at room temperature. The mixture was diluted with water. The occurring precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with water and dried to yield 415 mg (72%) of the desired product.

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.83 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=518 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.006 (0.64), 0.300 (3.00), 0.308 (3.08), 0.430 (3.14), 0.446 (3.20), 1.078 (1.98), 1.092 (3.92), 1.106 (1.99), 1.178 (0.58), 1.188 (1.00), 1.193 (1.00), 1.203 (1.42), 1.212 (0.95), 1.217 (0.96), 1.227 (0.56), 1.882 (1.07), 1.907 (13.23), 2.015 (16.00), 2.293 (1.94), 2.691 (2.06), 2.733 (1.43), 2.774 (13.51), 2.891 (1.58), 3.363 (0.68), 3.376 (1.92), 3.390 (1.89), 3.404 (0.63), 3.838 (2.46), 3.850 (2.40), 7.258 (2.54), 7.276 (4.99), 7.293 (2.74), 7.734 (2.38), 8.519 (0.48), 9.726 (2.68), 9.893 (3.50).

Intermediate 217

1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde

4,6-dichloropyrimidine (6.30 g, 42.3 mmol), 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde (5.00 g, 40.3 mmol) and cesium carbonate (13.1 g, 40.3 mmol) were suspended in dimethylformamide and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. It was then poured onto water (400 mL) and stirred for another 30 min. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration, washed with water and dried overnight in a dessicator to yield the desired product, which was used in the next step without further purification (7.1 g, 68% purity, 48% yield).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.19 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=236 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.008 (0.44), 2.284 (0.49), 2.403 (0.64), 2.421 (0.45), 2.432 (0.60), 2.450 (16.00), 2.478 (2.29), 2.732 (0.75), 2.771 (0.56), 2.891 (0.89), 2.947 (0.58), 2.976 (15.72), 3.024 (1.91), 8.020 (2.96), 8.022 (2.99), 9.032 (2.87), 9.035 (2.85), 10.054 (6.02), 10.069 (0.82).

Intermediate 218

4-[1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-5-{[6-(4-formyl-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]amino}-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile

A microwave vial was charged with 4-[5-amino-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzonitrile (96.9 mg, 384 μmol), 1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde (100 mg, 423 μmol) and sodium phenolate (49.1 mg, 423 μmol) and the contents were suspended in 1,4-dioxane (1.4 mL). The reaction mixture was degassed with Ar for 3 min. Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (7.04 mg, 7.68 μmol) and XantPhos (8.89 mg, 15.4 μmol) were added and the reaction mixture was degassed again for 1 min. The vial was sealed and heated at 85° C. overnight while vigorously shaking. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase extract was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (SNAP Ultra 25 g, cyclohexane/ethyl acetate gradient 90/10 to 0/100) and further by preparative HPLC (column: Chromatorex C18; 250*30 mm, 10 μM, flow 100 mL/min, gradient acetonitrile/water (containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid) 10/90 to 90/10) to yield the desired product (24 mg, 14% yield).

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.36 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=453 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (3.29), 0.008 (2.64), 0.308 (2.58), 0.320 (2.81), 0.436 (2.67), 0.456 (2.80), 1.192 (0.71), 1.211 (1.07), 1.230 (0.75), 2.030 (0.43), 2.065 (16.00), 2.328 (0.93), 2.367 (0.73), 2.407 (2.23), 2.670 (0.84), 2.943 (14.84), 3.866 (3.62), 3.884 (3.85), 3.940 (2.51), 7.885 (1.10), 7.908 (13.70), 8.546 (0.51), 9.599 (0.42), 10.016 (3.38).

Intermediate 219

1,4-dimethyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

Under an argon atmosphere, 2-methyl-3-oxo-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanenitrile (1.00 g, 4.40 mmol) was dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (24 mL) and methylhydrazine (230 μl, 4.4 mmol) and acetic acid (250 μl, 4.4 mmol) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature. It was then concentrated and the residue redissolved in ethanol (12 mL) and purified by preparative HPLC (Daicel Chiralpak IF 5 μm, 250×20 mm, flow: 15 mL/min, isocratic n-Heptane/ethanol 75/25, 350 μL injections every 15 min) to yield the desired product (469 mg, 38% yield) along with 1,4-dimethyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-3-amine (see below).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.83 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=256 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.157 (0.45), 1.909 (1.35), 2.033 (16.00), 3.313 (2.26), 5.037 (3.43), 7.698 (2.25), 7.718 (3.47), 7.795 (3.33), 7.816 (2.19).

Intermediate 220

1,4-dimethyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

The title compound was observed as a by-product during the synthesis of 1,4-dimethyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (see above). It was obtained after purification by preparative HPLC (Daicel Chiralpak IF 5 μm, 250×20 mm, flow: 15 mL/min, isocratic n-Heptane/ethanol 75/25, 350 μL injections every 15 min) as a white solid (120 mg, 11% yield).

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (0.39), 1.798 (16.00), 1.908 (0.59), 3.313 (7.17), 3.678 (0.17), 4.526 (2.20), 7.582 (2.82), 7.603 (3.27), 7.833 (3.37), 7.854 (2.90).

Intermediate 221

3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

Under an argon atmosphere, 3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropanenitrile (2.00 g, 10.2 mmol) was dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (57 mL) and methylhydrazine (550 μl, 10 mmol) and acetic acid (590 μl, 10 mmol) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature. It was then concentrated and the residue redissolved in ethanol (12 mL) and purified by preparative HPLC (Daicel Chiralpak IF 5 μm, 250×20 mm, flow: 15 mL/min, isocratic n-Heptane/ethanol 75/25, 300 μL injections every 15 min) to yield the desired product (1.93 g, 71% yield) along with 5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine (see below).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.66 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=224 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 1.762 (15.97), 1.767 (16.00), 1.911 (4.69), 2.075 (1.15), 2.503 (6.48), 2.884 (0.46), 3.322 (3.24), 4.979 (6.91), 7.067 (1.05), 7.073 (1.10), 7.089 (2.21), 7.094 (2.28), 7.110 (1.22), 7.116 (1.24), 7.226 (1.18), 7.233 (1.07), 7.252 (1.99), 7.277 (1.18), 7.282 (1.07), 7.404 (1.33), 7.425 (2.62), 7.443 (2.61), 7.464 (1.17).

Intermediate 222

5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine

The title compound was observed as a by-product during the synthesis of 3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (see above). It was obtained after purification by preparative HPLC (Daicel Chiralpak IF 5 μm, 250×20 mm, flow: 15 mL/min, isocratic n-Heptane/ethanol 75/25, 300 μL injections every 15 min) as a white solid (249 mg, 11% yield).

LC-MS (method 9): Rt=0.70 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=224 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (1.16), 1.690 (16.00), 1.908 (0.65), 2.327 (0.24), 2.670 (0.29), 3.377 (14.94), 3.397 (0.28), 3.556 (0.26), 3.563 (0.24), 4.479 (3.40), 7.198 (0.60), 7.204 (0.65), 7.219 (1.32), 7.225 (1.41), 7.240 (0.76), 7.246 (0.80), 7.391 (0.74), 7.397 (0.74), 7.407 (0.91), 7.416 (1.33), 7.423 (2.05), 7.428 (1.76), 7.445 (2.13), 7.466 (0.73).

Intermediate 223

1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropanenitrile (2.19 g, 11.2 mmol) and (cyclopropylmethyl)hydrazine dihydrochloride (2.24 g, 100% purity, 14.1 mmol) were suspended in 2-propanol (23 mL) and the reaction mixture was stirred under reflux for 3 h. It was then concentrated to ⅓ of its original volume, carefully quenched with aqueous saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic phase extracts were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane, loaded onto silica gel and purified by flash column chromatography (SNAP Ultra 25 g, cyclohexane/ethyl acetate gradient 100/0 to 40/60) to yield the desired product (1.58 g, 52% yield).

LC-MS (method 9): R t =0.77 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=264 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: 0.328 (0.97), 0.341 (3.95), 0.344 (3.91), 0.353 (4.63), 0.366 (1.76), 0.402 (0.58), 0.418 (1.74), 0.427 (3.64), 0.431 (3.15), 0.438 (2.26), 0.448 (4.03), 0.451 (3.13), 0.463 (1.09), 1.170 (0.47), 1.175 (0.46), 1.182 (0.92), 1.190 (0.90), 1.194 (0.78), 1.202 (1.46), 1.210 (0.73), 1.214 (0.87), 1.219 (0.85), 1.222 (0.83), 1.234 (0.43), 1.770 (16.00), 1.776 (15.36), 3.651 (0.60), 3.793 (7.85), 3.810 (7.77), 3.934 (0.45), 4.935 (7.16), 4.996 (0.54), 7.072 (1.00), 7.078 (1.07), 7.094 (2.12), 7.100 (2.23), 7.115 (1.17), 7.121 (1.22), 7.228 (1.27), 7.235 (1.20), 7.252 (1.78), 7.255 (1.85), 7.258 (1.80), 7.278 (1.30), 7.285 (1.20), 7.420 (1.31), 7.437 (1.70), 7.441 (2.67), 7.458 (2.61), 7.463 (1.51), 7.480 (1.17).

Intermediate 224

2-{1-[(±)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl}-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (Racemate)

Under an argon atmosphere, 2-[1-(2-cyclopropyl-2-oxoethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (500 mg, 1.24 mmol) was dissolved in toluene (8.0 mL) and cooled to −78° C. A solution of DIBA1-H in toluene (1.1 ml, 1.2 M, 1.4 mmol) was then added dropwise. After complete addition, the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to 0° C. and stirred for further 1.75 h. A second aliquot of DIBA1-H (800 μL, 1.2 m, 0.96 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture further stirred for 1.5 h. It was then quenched by addition of aqueous Rochelle salt solution (20%) and stirred at ambient temperature overnight. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (2×). The combined organic phase extracts were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to yield the desired product that was used in the next step without further purification.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =1.37 min; MS (ESIneg): m/z=404 [M−H] −

Intermediate 225

(±)-2-[5-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-cyclopropylethanol (Racemate)

2-{1-[(2S)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl}-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (456 mg, 1.12 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (16 mL) and hydrazine monohydrate (270 μL, 5.6 mmol) and acetic acid (320 μL, 5.6 mmol) were added subsequently. The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 4 h. After cooling to ambient temperature, it was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase extract was washed with aqueous saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (SNAP Ultra 25 g, cyclohexane/ethyl acetate 80/20 to 0/100) to yield the desired product (186 mg, 77% purity, 46% yield) and was used as such in the next step.

LC-MS (method 11): R t =0.94 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=276 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (400 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.008 (0.83), 0.008 (0.59), 0.124 (0.43), 0.134 (0.64), 0.146 (1.10), 0.151 (0.85), 0.159 (0.82), 0.163 (0.77), 0.252 (0.65), 0.258 (0.76), 0.265 (0.75), 0.271 (0.89), 0.284 (0.64), 0.293 (0.53), 0.351 (2.20), 0.356 (1.70), 0.371 (2.19), 0.377 (1.70), 0.825 (0.41), 0.832 (0.48), 0.845 (0.86), 0.852 (0.56), 0.857 (0.55), 0.864 (0.80), 0.876 (0.41), 1.983 (16.00), 3.266 (0.60), 3.274 (0.72), 3.285 (1.16), 3.296 (0.98), 3.885 (0.78), 3.904 (0.70), 3.920 (1.66), 3.939 (1.61), 3.971 (1.61), 3.981 (1.60), 4.006 (0.75), 4.016 (0.67), 4.859 (4.87), 5.019 (2.65), 5.031 (2.61), 7.164 (1.98), 7.186 (4.23), 7.203 (0.78), 7.208 (2.36), 7.569 (2.25), 7.575 (0.98), 7.584 (2.52), 7.591 (2.50), 7.600 (0.93), 7.606 (2.16), 7.930 (0.51), 8.366 (0.45).

Intermediate 226

4-chloro-6-[3,5-dimethyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]pyrimidine

4,6-dichloropyrimidine (4.54 g, 30.5 mmol), 3,5-dimethyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole (5.00 g, 30.5 mmol) and cesium carbonate (9.93 g, 30.5 mmol) were suspended in dimethylformamide (18 mL) and stirred at ambient temperature overnight. The crude mixture was poured onto water (400 mL) and further stirred for 30 min. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and washed with water. It was then dried in a vacuum drying-oven at 40° C. overnight to yield the desired product (6.10 g, 69% yield).

LC-MS (method 10): R t =2.33 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=277 [M+H] +

1 H-NMR (500 MHz, dimethylsulfoxide-d6) δ [ppm]: −0.007 (0.88), 0.006 (0.45), 1.231 (0.20), 1.996 (0.18), 2.003 (0.19), 2.080 (0