Biaryl kinase inhibitors

This application claims the priority of Indian Provisional Application Serial 3170/DEL/15 filed Oct. 1, 2015 which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

The present disclosure is generally directed to compounds which can inhibit adaptor associated kinase 1 (AAK1), compositions comprising such compounds, and methods for inhibiting AAK1.

Adaptor associated kinase 1 (AAK1) is a member of the Ark1/Prk1 family of serine/threonine kinases. AAK1 mRNA exists in two splice forms termed short and long. The long form predominates and is highly expressed in brain and heart (Henderson and Conner, Mol. Biol. Cell. 2007, 18, 2698-2706). AAK1 is enriched in synaptosomal preparations and is co-localized with endocytic structures in cultured cells. AAK1 modulates clatherin coated endocytosis, a process that is important in synaptic vesicle recycling and receptor-mediated endocytosis. AAK1 associates with the AP2 complex, a hetero-tetramer which links receptor cargo to the clatherin coat. The binding of clatherin to AAK1 stimulates AAK1 kinase activity (Conner et. al., Traffic 2003, 4, 885-890; Jackson et. al., J. Cell. Biol. 2003, 163, 231-236). AAK1 phosphorylates the mu-2 subunit of AP-2, which promotes the binding of mu-2 to tyrosine containing sorting motifs on cargo receptors (Ricotta et. al., J. Cell Bio. 2002, 156, 791-795; Conner and Schmid, J. Cell Bio. 2002, 156, 921-929). Mu2 phosphorylation is not required for receptor uptake, but phosphorylation enhances the efficiency of internalization (Motely et. al., Mol. Biol. Cell. 2006, 17, 5298-5308).

AAK1 has been identified as an inhibitor of Neuregulin-1/ErbB4 signaling in PC12 cells. Loss of AAK1 expression through RNA interference mediated gene silencing or treatment with the kinase inhibitor K252a (which inhibits AAK1 kinase activity) results in the potentiation of Neuregulin-1 induced neurite outgrowth. These treatments result in increased expression of ErbB4 and accumulation of ErbB4 in or near the plasma membrane (Kuai et. al., Chemistry and Biology 2011, 18, 891-906). NRG1 and ErbB4 are putative schizophrenia susceptibility genes (Buonanno, Brain Res. Bull. 2010, 83, 122-131). SNPs in both genes have been associated with multiple schizophrenia endophenotypes (Greenwood et. al., Am. J. Psychiatry 2011, 168, 930-946). Neuregulin 1 and ErbB4 KO mouse models have shown schizophrenia relevant morphological changes and behavioral phenotypes (Jaaro-Peled et. al., Schizophrenia Bulletin 2010, 36, 301-313; Wen et. al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2010, 107, 1211-1216). In addition, a single nucleotide polymorphism in an intron of the AAK1 gene has been associated with the age of onset of Parkinson's disease (Latourelle et. al., BMC Med Genet. 2009, 10, 98). These results suggest that inhibition of AAK1 activity may have utility in the treatment of schizophrenia, cognitive deficits in schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, neuropathic pain, bipolar disorder, and Alzheimer's disease.

In its first aspect the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (I) A compound of formula (I)

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

A is selected from

wherein “ ” denotes the point of attachment to B;

B is selected from

wherein “*” indicates the point of attachment to R5 and “**” indicates the point of attachment to ring A;

R 1 is selected from hydrogen, amino, —CO 2 H, difluoromethyl, ethyl, halo, hydroxymethyl, methoxy, methyl, —NHC(O)CH 3 , —NHCO 2 CH 3 , trifluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethyl;

R 2 is selected from hydrogen, cyano, —CH 2 OH, halo, and methyl;

R 3 is selected from hydrogen, cyano, cyclopropyl, difluoromethyl, halo, hydroxymethyl, methoxy, methyl, methylsulfonyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethyl, —CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2 , and a five-membered aromatic ring containing one, two, or three heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur;

R 4 is selected from hydrogen, halo, and methyl;

R 5 is selected from

R 6 is selected from hydrogen, ethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, methyl, and trifluoromethyl; and

R 7 is methyl.

In a first embodiment of the first aspect the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein A is selected from

In a second embodiment of the first aspect the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein B is selected from

In a third embodiment, B is

In a fourth embodiment of the first aspect the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R 5 is

In a second aspect the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (II)

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

A is selected from

wherein “ ” denotes the point of attachment to B;

B is selected from phenyl and pyridinyl;

R 1 is selected from hydrogen, difluoromethyl, halo, methoxy, methyl, —NHC(O)CH 3 , —NHCO 2 CH 3 , and trifluoromethyl;

R 2 is selected from hydrogen, —CH 2 —H, and halo;

R 3 is selected from hydrogen, cyano, cyclopropyl, difluoromethyl, halo, hydroxymethyl, methoxy, methyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethyl, and a five-membered aromatic ring containing one, two, or three heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur;

R 4 is selected from hydrogen, halo, and methyl; and

R 5 is selected from hydrogen, ethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, methyl, and trifluoromethyl.

In a first embodiment of the second aspect the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (II), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein A is selected from

In a second embodiment of the second aspect the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (II), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein B is pyridinyl. In a third embodiment B is

wherein “ ” denotes the point of attachment to A and “ ” denotes the point of attachment to the oxygen atom.

In a fourth embodiment of the second aspect the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (II), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein wherein

A is selected from

and

B is

In a third aspect the present disclosure provides a composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

In a fourth aspect the present disclosure provides a method of inhibiting adaptor associated kinase 1 (AAK1) activity, comprising contacting AAK1 with a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In a fifth aspect the present disclosure provides a method for treating or managing a disease or a disorder mediated by AAK1 activity, the method comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In a first embodiment of the fifth aspect the disease or disorder is selected from Alzheimer's disease, bipolar disorder, pain, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia. In a second embodiment the pain is neuropathic pain. In a third embodiment the neuropathic pain is fibromyalgia or peripheral neuropathy.

Other aspects of the present disclosure may include suitable combinations of embodiments disclosed herein.

Yet other aspects and embodiments may be found in the description provided herein.

Aspects of the disclosure are illustrated in FIG. 1 , which shows results obtained from a formalin pain model using AAK1 homozygous (−/−) knockout mice and their wild-type (+/+) littermates. The AAK1 homozygous (−/−) knockout mice show a clear reduction in both acute and tonic pain response as compared to their wild-type (+/+) littermates.

This disclosure is based, in part, on the discovery that AAK1 knockout mice exhibit a high resistance to pain. That discovery prompted research that ultimately led to the discovery of AAK1 inhibitors, compositions comprising them, and methods of their use.

The description of the present disclosure herein should be construed in congruity with the laws and principals of chemical bonding. In some instances it may be necessary to remove a hydrogen atom in order to accommodate a substituent at any given location.

It should be understood that the compounds encompassed by the present disclosure are those that are suitably stable for use as pharmaceutical agent.

As used in the present specification, the following terms have the meanings indicated:

All patents, patent applications, and literature references cited in the specification are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety. In the case of inconsistencies, the present disclosure, including definitions, will prevail.

As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” include plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

In some instances, the number of carbon atoms in any particular group is denoted before the recitation of the group. For Example, the term “C 1-6 alkyl” denotes an alkyl group containing one to six carbon atoms. Where these designations exist they supercede all other definitions contained herein.

The term “halo,” as used herein, refers to Br, Cl, F, and/or I. Asymmetric centers may exist in the compounds of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the disclosure encompasses all stereochemical isomeric forms, or mixtures thereof, which possess the ability to inhibit AAK1. Individual stereoisomers of compounds can be prepared synthetically from commercially available starting materials which contain chiral centers or by preparation of mixtures of enantiomeric products followed by separation such as conversion to a mixture of diastereomers followed by separation or recrystallization, chromatographic techniques, or direct separation of enantiomers on chiral chromatographic columns. Starting compounds of particular stereochemistry are either commercially available or can be made and resolved by techniques known in the art.

Certain compounds of the present disclosure may also exist in different stable conformational forms which may be separable. Torsional asymmetry due to restricted rotation about an asymmetric single bond, for Example because of steric hindrance or ring strain, may permit separation of different conformers. The present disclosure includes each conformational isomer of these compounds and mixtures thereof.

The term “compounds of the present disclosure”, and equivalent expressions, are meant to embrace compounds of formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable enantiomers, diastereomers, and salts thereof. Similarly, references to intermediates are meant to embrace their salts where the context so permits.

The present disclosure is intended to include all isotopes of atoms occurring in the present compounds. Isotopes include those atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers. By way of general Example and without limitation, isotopes of hydrogen include deuterium and tritium. Isotopes of carbon include 13 C and 14 C. Isotopically-labeled compounds of the disclosure can generally be prepared by conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art or by processes analogous to those described herein, using an appropriate isotopically-labeled reagent in place of the non-labeled reagent otherwise employed. Such compounds may have a variety of potential uses, for Example as standards and reagents in determining biological activity. In the case of stable isotopes, such compounds may have the potential to favorably modify biological, pharmacological, or pharmacokinetic properties.

The compounds of the present disclosure can exist as pharmaceutically acceptable salts. The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt,” as used herein, represents salts or zwitterionic forms of the compounds of the present disclosure which are water or oil-soluble or dispersible, which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of patients without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, or other problem or complication commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio, and are effective for their intended use. The salts can be prepared during the final isolation and purification of the compounds or separately by reacting a suitable nitrogen atom with a suitable acid. Representative acid addition salts include acetate, adipate, alginate, citrate, aspartate, benzoate, benzenesulfonate, bisulfate, butyrate, camphorate, camphorsulfonate; digluconate, dihydrobromide, diydrochloride, dihydroiodide, glycerophosphate, hemisulfate, heptanoate, hexanoate, formate, fumarate, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate, lactate, maleate, mesitylenesulfonate, methanesulfonate, naphthylenesulfonate, nicotinate, 2-naphthalenesulfonate, oxalate, palmoate, pectinate, persulfate, 3-phenylproprionate, picrate, pivalate, propionate, succinate, tartrate, trichloroacetate, trifluoroacetate, phosphate, glutamate, bicarbonate, para-toluenesulfonate, and undecanoate. Examples of acids which can be employed to form pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, and phosphoric, and organic acids such as oxalic, maleic, succinic, and citric.

Basic addition salts can be prepared during the final isolation and purification of the compounds by reacting a carboxy group with a suitable base such as the hydroxide, carbonate, or bicarbonate of a metal cation or with ammonia or an organic primary, secondary, or tertiary amine. The cations of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and aluminum, as well as nontoxic quaternary amine cations such as ammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, diethylamine, ethylamine, tributylamine, pyridine, N,N-dimethylaniline, N-methylpiperidine, N-methylmorpholine, dicyclohexylamine, procaine, dibenzylamine, N,N-dibenzylphenethylamine, and N,N′-dibenzylethylenediamine. Other representative organic amines useful for the formation of base addition salts include ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, piperidine, and piperazine.

One embodiment of this disclosure encompasses methods of inhibiting adaptor associated kinase 1 (AAK1), both in vitro and in vivo, which comprise contacting AAK1 with a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

When it is possible that, for use in therapy, therapeutically effective amounts of a compound of formula (I), as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, may be administered as the raw chemical, it is possible to present the active ingredient as a pharmaceutical composition. Accordingly, the disclosure further provides pharmaceutical compositions, which include therapeutically effective amounts of compounds of formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, or excipients. Unless otherwise indicated, a “therapeutically effective amount” of a compound is an amount sufficient to provide a therapeutic benefit in the treatment or management of a disease or condition, or to delay or minimize one or more symptoms associated with the disease or condition. The term “therapeutically effective amount” can encompass an amount that improves overall therapy, reduces or avoids symptoms or causes of a disease or condition, or enhances the therapeutic efficacy of another therapeutic agent.

The term “therapeutically effective amount,” as used herein, refers to an amount of a compound or compounds sufficient to provide a therapeutic benefit in the treatment or management of a disease or condition, or to delay or minimize one or more symptoms associated with the disease or condition. A “therapeutically effective amount” of a compound means an amount of therapeutic agent, alone or in combination with other therapies, that provides a therapeutic benefit in the treatment or management of the disease or condition. The term “therapeutically effective amount” can encompass an amount that improves overall therapy, reduces or avoids symptoms or causes of a disease or condition, or enhances the therapeutic efficacy of another therapeutic agent. When applied to an individual active ingredient, administered alone, the term refers to that ingredient alone. When applied to a combination, the term refers to combined amounts of the active ingredients that result in the therapeutic effect, whether administered in combination, serially, or simultaneously. The compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are as described above. The carrier(s), diluent(s), or excipient(s) must be acceptable in the sense of being compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation and not deleterious to the recipient thereof. In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure there is also provided a process for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation including admixing a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, or excipients. The term “pharmaceutically acceptable,” as used herein, refers to those compounds, materials, compositions, and/or dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of patients without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, or other problem or complication commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio, and are effective for their intended use.

Pharmaceutical formulations may be presented in unit dose forms containing a predetermined amount of active ingredient per unit dose. Dosage levels of between about 0.01 and about 250 milligram per kilogram (“mg/kg”) body weight per day, preferably between about 0.05 and about 100 mg/kg body weight per day of the compounds of the present disclosure are typical in a monotherapy for the prevention and treatment of disease. Typically, the pharmaceutical compositions of this disclosure will be administered from about 1 to about 5 times per day or alternatively, as a continuous infusion. Such administration can be used as a chronic or acute therapy. The amount of active ingredient that may be combined with the carrier materials to produce a single dosage form will vary depending on the condition being treated, the severity of the condition, the time of administration, the route of administration, the rate of excretion of the compound employed, the duration of treatment, and the age, gender, weight, and condition of the patient. Preferred unit dosage formulations are those containing a daily dose or sub-dose, as herein above recited, or an appropriate fraction thereof, of an active ingredient. Treatment may be initiated with small dosages substantially less than the optimum dose of the compound. Thereafter, the dosage is increased by small increments until the optimum effect under the circumstances is reached. In general, the compound is most desirably administered at a concentration level that will generally afford effective results without causing any harmful or deleterious side effects.

When the compositions of this disclosure comprise a combination of a compound of the present disclosure and one or more additional therapeutic or prophylactic agent, both the compound and the additional agent are usually present at dosage levels of between about 10 to 150%, and more preferably between about 10 and 80% of the dosage normally administered in a monotherapy regimen.

Compounds of the disclosure may be administered in combination with one or more additional therapeutic or prophylactic agents. For Example, when used for the treatment of pain, possible additional agents include immunosuppressive agents, anti-inflammatory agents, and/or other agents used in the treatment of pain.

Immunosuppressants suitable for use in the methods and compositions of this disclosure include those known in the art. Examples include aminopterin, azathioprine, cyclosporin A, D-penicillamine, gold salts, hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide, methotrexate, minocycline, rapamycin, sulfasalazine, tacrolimus (FK506), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. A particular immunosuppressant is methotrexate.

Additional Examples of immunosuppressants include anti-TNF antibodies, such as adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, etanercept, and infliximab. Others include interleukin-1 blockers, such as anakinra. Others include anti-B cell (CD20) antibodies, such as rituximab. Others include T cell activation blockers, such as abatacept.

Other immunosuppressants include inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitors, such as mycophenolate mofetil (CellCept®) and mycophenolic acid (Myfortic®).

Anti-inflammatory drugs suitable for use in the methods and compositions of this disclosure include those known in the art. Examples include glucocorticoids and NSAIDs. Examples of glucocorticoids include aldosterone, beclometasone, betamethasone, cortisone, deoxycorticosterone, dexamethasone, fludrocortisones, hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, prednisone, triamcinolone, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Examples of NSAID include salicylates (e.g., aspirin, amoxiprin, benorilate, choline magnesium salicylate, diflunisal, faislamine, methyl salicylate, magnesium salicylate, salicyl salicylate, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof), arylalkanoic acids (e.g., diclofenac, aceclofenac, acemetacin, bromfenac, etodolac, indometacin, nabumetone, sulindac, tolmetin, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof), arylpropionic acids (e.g., ibuprofen, carprofen, fenbufen, fenoprofen, flurbiprofen, ketoprofen, ketorolac, loxoprofen, naproxen, oxaprozin, tiaprofenic acid, suprofen, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof), arylanthranilic acids (e.g., meclofenamic acid, mefenamic acid, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof), pyrazolidine derivatives (e.g., azapropazone, metamizole, oxyphenbutazone, phenylbutazone, sulfinprazone, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof), oxicams (e.g., lornoxicam, meloxicam, piroxicam, tenoxicam, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof), COX-2 inhibitors (e.g., celecoxib, etoricoxib, lumiracoxib, parecoxib, rofecoxib, valdecoxib, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof), and sulphonanilides (e.g., nimesulide and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof).

Other agents used in the treatment of pain (including but not limited to neuropathic and inflammatory pain) include, but are not limited to, agents such as pregabalin, lidocaine, duloxetine, gabapentin, carbamazepine, capsaicin, and other serotonin/norepinephrine/dopamine reuptake inhibitors, and opiates (such as oxycontin, morphine, and codeine).

In the treatment of pain caused by a known disease or condition, such as diabetes, infection (e.g., herpes zoster or HIV infection), or cancer, compounds of the disclosure may be administered in combination with one or more additional therapeutic or prophylactic agents directed at the underlying disease or condition. For Example, when used to treat diabetic neuropathy, compounds of the disclosure may be administered in combination with one or more anti-diabetic agents, anti-hyperglycemic agents, hypolipidemic/lipid lowering agents, anti-obesity agents, anti-hypertensive agents and appetite suppressants. Examples of anti-diabetic agents include biguanides (e.g., metformin, phenformin), glucosidase inhibitors (e.g., acarbose, miglitol), insulins (including insulin secretagogues and insulin sensitizers), meglitinides (e.g., repaglinide), sulfonylureas (e.g., glimepiride, glyburide, gliclazide, chlorpropamide, and glipizide), biguanide/glyburide combinations (e.g., Glucovance), thiazolidinediones (e.g., troglitazone, rosiglitazone, and pioglitazone), PPAR-alpha agonists, PPAR-gamma agonists, PPAR alpha/gamma dual agonists, glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors, inhibitors of fatty acid binding protein (aP2), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) or other agonists of the GLP-1 receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) inhibitors, and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (e.g., dapagliflozin, canagliflozin, and LX-4211).

Pharmaceutical formulations may be adapted for administration by any appropriate route, for Example by the oral (including buccal or sublingual), rectal, nasal, topical (including buccal, sublingual, or transdermal), vaginal, or parenteral (including subcutaneous, intracutaneous, intramuscular, intra-articular, intrasynovial, intrasternal, intrathecal, intralesional, intravenous, or intradermal injections or infusions) route. Such formulations may be prepared by any method known in the art of pharmacy, for Example by bringing into association the active ingredient with the carrier(s) or excipient(s). Oral administration or administration by injection are preferred.

Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for oral administration may be presented as discrete units such as capsules or tablets; powders or granules; solutions or suspensions in aqueous or non-aqueous liquids; edible foams or whips; or oil-in-water liquid emulsions or water-in-oil emulsions.

For instance, for oral administration in the form of a tablet or capsule, the active drug component can be combined with an oral, non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable inert carrier such as ethanol, glycerol, water, and the like. Powders are prepared by comminuting the compound to a suitable fine size and mixing with a similarly comminuted pharmaceutical carrier such as an edible carbohydrate, as, for Example, starch or mannitol. Flavoring, preservative, dispersing, and coloring agent can also be present.

Capsules are made by preparing a powder mixture, as described above, and filling formed gelatin sheaths. Glidants and lubricants such as colloidal silica, talc, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, or solid polyethylene glycol can be added to the powder mixture before the filling operation. A disintegrating or solubilizing agent such as agar-agar, calcium carbonate, or sodium carbonate can also be added to improve the availability of the medicament when the capsule is ingested.

Moreover, when desired or necessary, suitable binders, lubricants, disintegrating agents, and coloring agents can also be incorporated into the mixture. Suitable binders include starch, gelatin, natural sugars such as glucose or beta-lactose, corn sweeteners, natural and synthetic gums such as acacia, tragacanth or sodium alginate, carboxymethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, and the like. Lubricants used in these dosage forms include sodium oleate, sodium chloride, and the like. Disintegrators include, without limitation, starch, methyl cellulose, agar, betonite, xanthan gum, and the like. Tablets are formulated, for Example, by preparing a powder mixture, granulating or slugging, adding a lubricant and disintegrant, and pressing into tablets. A powder mixture is prepared by mixing the compound, suitable comminuted, with a diluent or base as described above, and optionally, with a binder such as carboxymethylcellulose, an aliginate, gelating, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone, a solution retardant such as paraffin, a resorption accelerator such as a quaternary salt and/or and absorption agent such as betonite, kaolin, or dicalcium phosphate. The powder mixture can be granulated by wetting with a binder such as syrup, starch paste, acadia mucilage, or solutions of cellulosic or polymeric materials and forcing through a screen. As an alternative to granulating, the powder mixture can be run through the tablet machine and the result is imperfectly formed slugs broken into granules. The granules can be lubricated to prevent sticking to the tablet forming dies by means of the addition of stearic acid, a stearate salt, talc, or mineral oil. The lubricated mixture is then compressed into tablets. The compounds of the present disclosure can also be combined with a free flowing inert carrier and compressed into tablets directly without going through the granulating or slugging steps. A clear or opaque protective coating consisting of a sealing coat of shellac, a coating of sugar or polymeric material, and a polish coating of wax can be provided. Dyestuffs can be added to these coatings to distinguish different unit dosages.

Oral fluids such as solution, syrups, and elixirs can be prepared in dosage unit form so that a given quantity contains a predetermined amount of the compound. Syrups can be prepared by dissolving the compound in a suitably flavored aqueous solution, while elixirs are prepared through the use of a non-toxic vehicle. Solubilizers and emulsifiers such as ethoxylated isostearyl alcohols and polyoxyethylene sorbitol ethers, preservatives, flavor additive such as peppermint oil or natural sweeteners, or saccharin or other artificial sweeteners, and the like can also be added.

Where appropriate, dosage unit formulations for oral administration can be microencapsulated. The formulation can also be prepared to prolong or sustain the release as for Example by coating or embedding particulate material in polymers, wax, or the like.

The compounds of formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can also be administered in the form of liposome delivery systems, such as small unilamellar vesicles, large unilamellar vesicles, and multilamellar vesicles. Liposomes can be formed from a variety of phopholipids, such as cholesterol, stearylamine, or phophatidylcholines.

The compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof may also be delivered by the use of monoclonal antibodies as individual carriers to which the compound molecules are coupled. The compounds may also be coupled with soluble polymers as targetable drug carriers. Such polymers can include polyvinylpyrrolidone, pyran copolymer, polyhydroxypropylmethacrylamidephenol, polyhydroxyethylaspartamidephenol, or polyethyleneoxidepolylysine substituted with palitoyl residues. Furthermore, the compounds may be coupled to a class of biodegradable polymers useful in achieving controlled release of a drug, for Example, polylactic acid, polepsilon caprolactone, polyhydroxy butyric acid, polyorthoesters, polyacetals, polydihydropyrans, polycyanoacrylates, and cross-linked or amphipathic block copolymers of hydrogels.

Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for transdermal administration may be presented as discrete patches intended to remain in intimate contact with the epidermis of the recipient for a prolonged period of time. For Example, the active ingredient may be delivered from the patch by iontophoresis as generally described in Pharmaceutical Research 1986, 3(6), 318.

Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for topical administration may be formulated as ointments, creams, suspensions, lotions, powders, solutions, pastes, gels, sprays, aerosols, or oils.

Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for rectal administration may be presented as suppositories or as enemas.

Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for nasal administration wherein the carrier is a solid include a course powder having a particle size for Example in the range 20 to 500 microns which is administered in the manner in which snuff is taken, i.e., by rapid inhalation through the nasal passage from a container of the powder held close up to the nose. Suitable formulations wherein the carrier is a liquid, for administration as a nasal spray or nasal drops, include aqueous or oil solutions of the active ingredient.

Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for administration by inhalation include fine particle dusts or mists, which may be generated by means of various types of metered, dose pressurized aerosols, nebulizers, or insufflators.

Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for vaginal administration may be presented as pessaries, tampons, creams, gels, pastes, foams, or spray formulations.

Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for parenteral administration include aqueous and non-aqueous sterile injection solutions which may contain anti-oxidants, buffers, bacteriostats, and soutes which render the formulation isotonic with the blood of the intended recipient; and aqueous and non-aqueous sterile suspensions which may include suspending agents and thickening agents. The formulations may be presented in unit-dose or multi-dose containers, for Example sealed ampoules and vials, and may be stored in a freeze-dried (lyophilized) condition requiring only the addition of the sterile liquid carrier, for Example water for injections, immediately prior to use. Extemporaneous injection solutions and suspensions may be prepared from sterile powders, granules, and tablets.

It should be understood that in addition to the ingredients particularly mentioned above, the formulations may include other agents conventional in the art having regard to the type of formulation in question, for Example those suitable for oral administration may include flavoring agents.

The term “patient” includes both human and other mammals. Unless otherwise indicated, the terms “manage,” “managing”, and “management” encompass preventing the recurrence of the specified disease or disorder in a patient who has already suffered from the disease or disorder, and/or lengthening the time that a patient who has suffered from the disease or disorder remains in remission. The terms encompass modulating the threshold, development and/or duration of the disease or disorder, or changing the way that a patient responds to the disease or disorder.

The term “treating” refers to: (i) preventing a disease, disorder or condition from occurring in a patient that may be predisposed to the disease, disorder, and/or condition but has not yet been diagnosed as having it; (ii) inhibiting the disease, disorder, or condition, i.e., arresting its development; and (iii) relieving the disease, disorder, or condition, i.e., causing regression of the disease, disorder, and/or condition.

This disclosure is intended to encompass compounds having Formula (I) when prepared by synthetic processes or by metabolic processes including those occurring in the human or animal body (in vivo) or processes occurring in vitro.

The present disclosure will now be described in connection with certain embodiments which are not intended to limit its scope. On the contrary, the present disclosure covers all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as can be included within the scope of the claims. Thus, the following Examples, which include specific embodiments, will illustrate one practice of the present disclosure, it being understood that the Examples are for the purposes of illustration of certain embodiments and are presented to provide what is believed to be the most useful and readily understood description of its procedures and conceptual aspects.

The abbreviations used in the present application, including particularly in the illustrative schemes and Examples which follow, are well-known to those skilled in the art. Some of the abbreviations used are as follows: MeOH for methanol; min for minutes, EtOAc or ETOAC for ethyl acetate; h or hr or hrs for hours; Ph 3 P for triphenylphosphine, DIAD for diisopropyl azodicarboxylate; RT or rt or r.t. for room temperature or retention time (context will dictate); tR for retention time; EtOH for ethanol; DMSO for dimethylsulfoxide; THF for tetrahydrofuran; dppf for diphenylphosphinoferrocene; TFA for trifluoracetic acid; NMP for N-methylpyrrolidine; CBz or Cbz for benzyloxycarbonyl; DCM for dichloromethane; IPA for isopropyl alcohol; DMAP for N,N-dimethylaminopyridine; BOC or Boc for tert-butoxycarbonyl; (BOC) 2 O for di-tert-butyl dicarbonate/ DMF for N,N-dimethylformamide; OAc for acetate; Cbz for carbobenzyloxy; TMS for trimethylsilane; LDA for lithium diisopropylamide; MOM-Cl for chloromethyl methyl ether; KHMDS for potassium hexamethyldisilazide; KOtBu for potassium tert-butoxide; DAST for diethylaminosulfur trifloride; BuOH for n-butanol; n-BuLi for n-butyllithium; NBS for N-bromosuccinimide; LAH for lithium aluminum hydride; DMF for N,N-dimethylformamide; dppf for 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene; TosMIC or TOSMIC for tosylmethyl isocyanide; TEA for triethylamine; PMB for p-methoxybenzyl; Ac for acetyl; DDQ for 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone; and AIBN for 2,2′-azoisobutyronitrile.

The compounds of the present disclosure may be prepared using the reactions and techniques described in this section as well as other synthetic methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The reactions are performed in solvents appropriate to the reagents and materials employed and suitable for the transformation being affected. Also, in the description of the synthetic methods described below, it is to be understood that all proposed reaction conditions, including choice of solvents, reaction temperature, duration of the experiment and workup procedures, are chosen to be the conditions standard for that reaction, which should be readily recognized by one skilled in the art. It is understood by one skilled in the art of organic synthesis that the functionality present on various portions of the molecule must be compatible with the reagents and reactions proposed. Such restrictions to the substituents which are compatible with the reaction conditions will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art and alternate methods must then be used.

Compounds of Formula Ia can be synthesized following General Scheme I. The two key reactions, Suzuki coupling and ether formation, could alternate as shown depending on the commercially available starting materials. The Suzuki coupling substrates, boronic acids/boronates, were either commercially available or prepared from corresponding halogen intermediates (Cl/Br/I) with various standard literature conditions. The ether formation can be achieved by SNAR when a fluorine intermediate (Formula IV) is available, by Mitsunobu reaction or alkylation with suitable amino alcohol when an OH is available (Formula III/V), and by Buchwald's Pd-catalyzed ether formation reaction when a Cl intermediate (Formula III/V) is available. In cases where R 5 is bigger than H, an activated form of the amino alcohol (Formula VII) was used as the OH-alkylating reagent. Sometimes NH 2 and OH were protected and deprotected during the reaction sequence.

X/Y=Cl, Br, I or Boronic acid/boronate; A/B=C or N (phenyl or pyridine).

A common activated amino alcohol reagent for ether formation when R 5 is not H.

In the following Examples, proton NMR spectra were recorded on either a Bruker 400 or 500 MHz NMR spectrometer. Chemical shifts are reported in δ values relative to tetramethylsilane. Liquid chromatography (LC)/mass spectra were run on a Shimadzu LC coupled to a Waters Micromass ZQ using at least one of the following methods.

LC/MS Method A:

Column: Phenomenex LUNA C18, 30×2, 3 μm; Solvent A=5% MeOH: 95%

Water:10 mM Ammonium Acetate; Solvent B=95% MeOH:5% Water:10 mM

Ammonium Acetate; Flow rate: 1 ml/min; Starting B=0%; Final B=100%; Gradient time=2 min; Run time: 3 min.

LC/MS Method B:

Column: Phenomenex LUNA C18, 30×2, 3 μm; Solvent A=10% MeOH: 90%

Water:0.1% TFA; Solvent B=90% MeOH:10% Water:0.1% TFA; Flow rate: 1 ml/min; Starting B=0%; Final B=100%; Gradient time=2 min; Run time: 3 min.

LC/MS Method C:

Column: Phenomenex LUNA C18, 30×2, 3 μm; Solvent A=5% MeOH: 95%

Water:10 mM Ammonium Acetate; Solvent B=95% MeOH:5% Water:10 mM

Ammonium Acetate; Flow rate: 0.8 ml/min; Starting B=0%; Final B=100%; Gradient time=4 min; Run time: 5 min.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

To a mixture of 4-bromopyridin-2-amine (3.11 g, 17.98 mmol) in CH 2 Cl 2 (60 mL) at 0° C. was added acetyl chloride (1.406 mL, 19.77 mmol) and pyridine (1.745 mL, 21.57 mmol). The mixture was warmed to rt and stirred for 2 h. The reaction was quenched with water and diluted with EtOAc. The layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with water, brine, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ) and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain N-(4-bromopyridin-2-yl)acetamide (3.82 g, 17.05 mmol, 95% yield) as a white solid. The material was carried on without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 215.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 7 H 8 BriN 2 O 1 , 215.0]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.61 min.

To a 15 mL vial was added N-(4-bromopyridin-2-yl)acetamide (205.8 mg, 0.957 mmol), (3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)boronic acid (239 mg, 1.531 mmol), and Na 2 CO 3 (1.435 mL, 2.87 mmol) in dioxane (3 mL) under nitrogen to give a colorless solution. 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenepalladium(II) dichloride, toluene (39.4 mg, 0.048 mmol) was added under nitrogen. The vial was sealed and heated at 130° C. (microwave) for 2 h. The mixture was partitioned between water and EtOAc. The layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ) and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain N-(4-(3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (200 mg, 0.812 mmol, 85% yield) as a tan solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 247.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 13 H 12 F 1 N 2 O 2 , 247.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.51 min.

To a 250 mL round-bottomed flask was added (S)-3-amino-5-methylhexan-1-ol (2.166 g, 16.51 mmol) and isobenzofuran-1,3-dione (2.445 g, 16.51 mmol) in toluene (60 mL) to give a colorless suspension. The mixture was heated at 110° C. for 16 h. The volatiles were removed under high vacuum to afford (S)-2-(1-hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (4.08 g, 16.51 mmol, quantitative yield) as a light yellow dense oil. LCMS (ESI) m/e 246.2 [(M−H) + , calcd C 14 H 16 N 1 O 3 , 246.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.88 min.

Part D: (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

To a 50 mL round-bottomed flask was added (S)-2-(1-hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (93 mg, 0.375 mmol), Ph 3 P (123 mg, 0.468 mmol), and (S)-2-(1-hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (93 mg, 0.375 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (1 mL) to give a tan suspension. DIAD (0.091 mL, 0.468 mmol) was added dropwise at rt. The resultant clear tan solution was stirred at rt for 19 h. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to give a tan oil which was carried directly into the next reaction. LCMS (ESI) m/e 476.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 27 H 27 F 1 N 3 O 4 , 476.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.21 min.

To a 50 mL round-bottomed flask was added (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (148 mg, 0.312 mmol) in EtOH (2 mL) to give a tan solution. Hydrazine (0.049 mL, 1.560 mmol) was added and the mixture was heated at 60° C. for 2 h. The solution was cooled to rt and was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was suspended in MeOH, filtered, and purified by prep-HPLC (24 mg, 0.069 mmol, 22% yield for 3 steps): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.53 (s, 1H), 8.33 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 2H), 7.61 (dd, J=12.5, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (dd, J=8.5, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.43-7.37 (m, 1H), 7.32 (t, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 3.97 (dd, J=9.5, 4.9 Hz, 1H), 3.90 (dd, J=9.5, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 3.12 (dt, J=11.9, 5.4 Hz, 1H), 2.12 (s, 3H), 1.81 (dq, J=13.0, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.33 (ddd, J=13.5, 8.5, 5.0 Hz, 1H), 1.26 (ddd, J=13.5, 8.5, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 0.92 to (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.88 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 346.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 25 F 1 N 3 O 2 , 346.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.89 min.

Alternative Synthesis of Example 1

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

To a 15 mL vial was added (S)-tert-butyl (1-hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (172 mg, 0.792 mmol), Ph 3 P (260 mg, 0.990 mmol), and 4-bromo-2-fluorophenol (126 mg, 0.660 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (2mL) to give a tan solution. DIAD (0.180 mL, 0.924 mmol) was added at rt. The resulted clear tan solution was stirred at rt for 16 h. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford a tan oil which was directly purified by silica gel column chromatography (up to 60% EtOAc/hexane to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (249 mg, 0.638 mmol, 97% yield) as a colorless oil: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.24 (dd, J=10.5, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.21-7.16 (m, 1H), 6.90-6.81 (m, 1H), 4.83-4.69 (m, 1H), 4.08-3.92 (m, 3H), 1.71 (dp, J=13.2, 6.6 Hz, 1H), 1.59-1.49 (m, 2H), 1.47 (d, J=3.8 Hz, 9H), 0.96 (dd, J=6.6, 4.4 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 412.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 17 H 25 BrFNNaO 3 , 412.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.41 min.

Part 2B: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-acetamidopyridin-4-yl)-2-fluorophenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

To a 15 mL vial was added N-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (208 mg, 0.792 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (258 mg, 0.66 mmol), and Na 2 CO 3 (0.990 mL, 1.980 mmol) in dioxane (2 mL) under nitrogen to give a colorless suspension. 1,1′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenepalladium(II) dichloride, toluene (27.1 mg, 0.033 mmol) was added under nitrogen. The vial was sealed and heated at 130° C. (microwave) for 2 h. The mixture was diluted with water and EtOAc. The layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ) and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (up to 70% EtOAc/hexane) to afford the desired product (200 mg, 0.449 mmol, 68% yield for two steps) as a colorless oil: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.79 (s, 1H), 8.46 (s, 1H), 8.29 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 7.50-7.38 (m, 2H), 7.21 (dd, J=5.2, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.06 (t, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 4.81 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 4.12-3.96 (m, 3H), 2.25 (s, 3H), 1.74 (dq, J=13.5, 6.5, 6.1 Hz, 1H), 1.63-1.52 (m, 2H), 1.47 (s, 9H), 0.98 (dd,

J=6.6, 3.3 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 446.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 33 F 1 N 3 O 4 , 446.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.11 min.

To a 50 mL round-bottomed flask was added (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-acetamidopyridin-4-yl)-2-fluorophenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (202 mg, 0.453 mmol) in dichloromethane (2 mL) to give a colorless solution. TFA (0.5 mL) was added, and the resulted tan solution was stirred at rt for 1 h. The volatiles were removed under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with EtOAc and basified with 1N NaOH. The layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with it) brine, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ) and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (155 mg, 0.449 mmol, 99% yield) as a slightly tan oil: 1 H NMR and LCMS matched that of the material prepared above; 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-133.47.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Prepared as described in Example 1.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 259.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 14 H 15 N 2 O 3 , 259.3]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.51 min.

Part B: (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridin-2yl)acetamide

LCMS (ESI) m/e 488.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 28 H 30 N 3 O 5 , 488.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.17 min.

Obtained (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (14.9 mg, 0.042 mmol, 80% yield for final step) as a slightly tan foam: 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.50 (s, 1H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 8.32 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (dd, J=5.2, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.32-7.22 (m, 2H), 7.12 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 3.90 (dd, J=9.3, 4.6 Hz, 1H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.78 (dd, J=9.4, 6.9 Hz, 1H), 3.09 (p, J=5.5, 5.1 Hz, 1H), 2.12 (s, 3H), 1.82 (dt, J=13.4, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 1.32 (ddd, J=13.5, 8.6, 5.0 Hz, 1H), 1.24 (ddd, J=13.6, 8.7, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 0.92 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.89 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 358.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 28 N 3 O 3 , 358.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.70 min.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Prepared as described in Example 1.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.86 (dd, J=5.4, 3.0 Hz, 2H), 7.74 (dd, J=5.5, 3.1 Hz, 2H), 7.63-7.55 (m, 2H), 6.87 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.85 (tdd, J=9.8, 5.6, 3.9 Hz, 1H), 4.57 (t, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 4.32 (dd, J=9.3, 5.7 Hz, 1H), 2.28-2.14 (m, 1H), 1.66-1.53 (m, 2H), 1.00 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 3H), 0.96 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 427.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 20 Br 1 N 2 O 3 , 427.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.29 min.

Part B: (S)-N-(4-(3-cyano-4-((2-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)-4-methylpentyl)oxy)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

LCMS (ESI) m/e 483.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 28 H 27 N 4 O 4 , 483.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.06 min.

Acetamide was partially hydrolyzed (see Example 4) and the two products were separated and identified. Obtained (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (10.1 mg, 0.028 mmol, 23% yield) as a colorless foam. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.58 (s, 1H), 8.39-8.32 (m, 2H), 8.12 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 8.00 (dd, J=8.8, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.05 (dd, J=9.3, 5.0 Hz, 1H), 3.99 (t, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 3.12 (s, 1H), 2.13 (s, 3H), 1.84 (p, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 1.42-1.31 (m, 1H), 1.27 (dq, J=14.0, 7.0, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 0.93 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.89 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 353.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 25 N 4 O 2 , 353.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.44 min.

(S)-2-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-5-(2-aminopyridin-4-yl)benzonitrile

The hydrolyzed material from Example 3 was identified as (S)-2-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-5-(2-aminopyridin-4-yl)benzonitrile (10.1 mg, 0.030 mmol, 26% yield) as a colorless foam. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.02 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.97 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.93 (dd, J=8.8, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.36 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.82 (dd, J=5.3, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 6.70 (s, 1H), 5.97 (s, 2H), 4.03 (dd, J=9.3, 5.1 Hz, 1H), 3.96 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 3.10 (s, 1H), 1.84 (p, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.35 (q, J=9.3, 6.6 Hz, 1H), 1.26 (dq, J=13.7, 6.8, 6.1 Hz, 1H), 0.92 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.89 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H); LCMS (EST) m/e 311.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 18 H 23 N 4 O 1 , 311.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.35 min.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Prepared as described in Example 1.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.67 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (dd, J=8.8, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.71 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 4.03 (p, J=7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.68 (hept, J=6.7 Hz, 1H), 1.55-1.48 (m, 2H), 1.44 (s, 9H), 0.95 (dd, J=6.6, 4.2 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 462.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 18 H 25 Br 1 F 3 N 1 Na 1 O 3 , 462.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.45 min.

Part B: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-acetamidopyridin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 9.50 (s, 1H), 8.48 (s, 1H), 8.29 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.86 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.81 (dd, J=8.5, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (dd, J=5.3, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 4.79 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 4.13-4.04 (m, 3H), 2.25 (s, 3H), 1.70 (dt, J=13.6, 6.9 Hz, 1H), 1.54 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.44 (s, 9H), 0.96 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 3H), 0.95 (d, J=2.7 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 496.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 25 H 33 F 3 N 3 O 4 , 446.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.28 min.

(221 mg, 0.531 mmol, quantitative yield for final step) as a white foam. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 9.15 (s, 1H), 8.48 (s, 1H), 8.30 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.88 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (dd, J=8.7, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (dd, J=5.3, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.07 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 4.08 (dd, J=8.7, 3.6 Hz, 1H), 3.85 (dd, J=8.7, 7.1 Hz, 1H), 3.32 (qd, J=7.0, 3.6 Hz, 1H), 2.25 (s, 3H), 1.80 (dp, J=13.5, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 1.57 (s, 2H), 1.38 (t, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 0.98 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 0.96 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-62.40; LCMS (ESI) m/e 394.2 [(M−H − , calcd C 20 H 23 F 3 N 3 O 2 , 394.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.97 min.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Prepared as described in Example 1.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.42-7.33 (m, 2H), 6.89 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.78-4.61 (m, 1H), 4.09-3.90 (m, 3H), 1.68 (dq, J=13.3, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 1.51 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 1.45 (s, 9H), 0.95 (dd, J=6.6, 5.4 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 478.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 18 H 25 Br 1 F 3 N 1 Na 1 O 4 , 478.0]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.45 min.

Part B: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-acetamidopyridin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 9.13 (s, 1H), 8.47 (s, 1H), 8.29 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (dd, J=8.5, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (q, J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (dd, J=5.3, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.09 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 4.77 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 4.12-3.98 (m, 3H), 2.25 (s, 3H), 1.73 (dq, J=13.7, 7.1, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.55 (t, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 1.46 (s, 9H), 0.97 (dd, J=6.6, 4.1 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 512.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 25 H 33 F 3 N 3 O 5 , 512.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.29 min.

(225 mg, 0.520 mmol, 95% yield for final step) as a white foam. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 9.59 (s, 1H), 8.47 (s, 1H), 8.27 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (dd, J=8.5, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (dd, J=5.4, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 4.00 (dd, J=8.8, 3.7 Hz, 1H), 3.80 (dd, J=8.8, 7.3 Hz, 1H), 3.31 (qd, J=7.1, 3.7 Hz, 1H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 1.86-1.72 (m, J=6.9 Hz, 1H), 1.63 (s, 2H), 1.35 (t, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 0.95 (dd, J=9.1, 6.6 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-58.10; LCMS (ESI) m/e 412.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 25 F 3 N 3 O 3 , 412.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.99 min.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-methylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

DIAD (0.090 mL, 0.464 mmol) was added to a solution of triphenylphosphine(0.097 g, 0.371 mmol), 4-bromo-2-methylphenol (0.069 g, 0.371 mmol) and (S)-tert-butyl (1-hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.0672 g, 0.309 mmol) in THF (1.5 mL) at rt under N 2 . The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified via silica gel chromatography (0 to 25% ethyl acetate in hexanes). NMR and LCMS showed the product contained the starting material (4-bromo-2-methoxyphenol). This mixture was taken up in ethyl acetate and washed with 1N NaOH (2×) and water (1×). The ethyl acetate layer was separated, dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-methylphenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (31.2 mg, 0.081 mmol, 26% yield) as a colorless wax. LCMS (ESI) m/e 408.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 18 H 28 BrNO 3 Na, 408.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.44 min.

Part B: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-acetamidopyridin-4-yl)-2-methylphenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of sodium carbonate (0.061 mL, 0.121 mmol), N-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (0.028 g, 0.105 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-methylphenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.0312 g, 0.081 mmol) in dioxane (1 mL) was purged with nitrogen 5 times. PdCl 2 (dppf) (5.91 mg, 8.08 μmol) was added to the reaction mixture and the reaction was heated at 80° C. overnight. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and diluted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine (1×). The ethyl acetate layer was separated, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude was used as it is at the next reaction. LCMS (ESI) m/e 442.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 25 H 36 N 3 O 4 , 442.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.13 min.

A mixture of TFA (1 mL, 12.98 mmol) and (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-acetamidopyridin-4-yl)-2-methylphenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (35.8 mg, 0.081 mmol) in CH 2 Cl 2 (4 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified via reverse phase HPLC (acetonitrile/water/10 mM ammonium acetate). To afford (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-methylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (9.7 mg, 0.028 mmol, 35% yield for two steps). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.50 (s, 1H), 8.34 (br. s., 1H), 8.30 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (br. s., 2H), 7.35 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 7.08-7.03 (m, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 3.92-3.86 (m, 1H), 3.84-3.78 (m, 1H), 3.10 (br. s., 1H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 2.12 (s, 3H), 1.87-1.79 (m, 1H), 1.40-1.31 (m, 1H), 1.27 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 0.93 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 3H), 0.89 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 342.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 28 N 3 O 2 , 342.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.73 min.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Prepared as described in Example 1, Part 2A. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.52 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.33 (dd, J8.8, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.82 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.08-3.95 (m, 3H), 1.77-1.66 (m, 1H), 1.57 (br. m, 2H), 1.47 (s, 9H), 0.98 (dd, J=6.5, 3.8 Hz, 6H). LCMS (ESI) m/e 428.0 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 17 H 25 BrClNO 3 Na, 428.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.47 min.

Part B: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-acetamidopyridin-4-yl)-2-chlorophenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

The mixture of sodium carbonate (0.113 mL, 0.226 mmol), N-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (0.051 g, 0.196 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-chlorophenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.0612 g, 0.150 mmol) in dioxane (1 mL) was evacuated and back-filled with N 2 (5×). PdCl 2 (dppf) (0.011 g, 0.015 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture and the reaction was heated at 80° C. overnight. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with brine (1×). The ethyl acetate layer was separated, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude was purified by silica gel chromatography (50% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to afford. (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-acetamidopyridin-4-yl)-2-chlorophenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (51.7 mg, 0.112 mmol, 74% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 462.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 33 ClN 3 O 4 , 462.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.21 min.

A mixture of (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-acetamidopyridin-4-yl)-2-chlorophenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (51.7 mg, 0.112 mmol) and TFA (1 mL, 12.98 mmol) was stirred in CH 2 Cl 2 (3 mL) at room temperature for 2 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified via reverse phase HPLC (acetonitrile/water/10 mM ammonium acetate). (42.7 mg, 0.111 mmol, 99% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.58 (br. s., 1H), 8.35 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 2H), 7.81 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.33 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 4.18-4.12 (m, 1H), 4.08-4.01 (m, 1H), 3.39-3.35 (m, 1H), 2.13 (s, 3H), 1.86-1.74 (m, 1H), 1.50 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 1.45-1.36 (m, 1H), 0.92 (dd, J=10.2, 6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 362.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 25 ClN 3 O 3 , 362.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.69 min.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3,5-difluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Prepared as described in Example 1.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.42-7.33 (m, 2H), 6.89 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.78-4.61 (m, 1H), 4.09-3.90 (m, 3H), 1.68 (dq, J=13.3, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 1.51 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 1.45 (s, 9H), 0.95 (dd, J=6.6, 5.4 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 478.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 18 H 25 Br 1 F 3 N 1 Na 1 O 4 , 478.0]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.45 min.

Part B: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-acetamidopyridin-4-yl)-2,6-difluorophenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 9.01 (s, 1H), 8.42 (s, 1H), 8.28 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 7.15 (dd, J=5.4, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.88 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 4.24-4.13 (m, 2H), 3.94 (s, 1H), 2.24 (s, 3H), 1.74 (dt, J=13.5, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 1.55 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 1.24 (s, 9H), 0.97 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-126.89; LCMS (ESI) m/e 464.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 32 F 2 N 3 O 4 , 464.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.24 min.

Obtained (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3,5-difluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (48.4 mg, 0.152 mmol, 99% yield for final step) as an off-white foam. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.62 (s, 1H), 8.37 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 7.59-7.48 (m, 2H), 7.42 (dd, J=5.2, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 4.16 (dd, J=10.0, 4.5 Hz, 1H), 4.07 (dd, J=9.9, 5.7 Hz, 1H), 3.24 (dq, J=10.5, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 2.13 (s, 3H), 1.82-1.74 (m, 1H), 1.46 (ddd, J=13.7, 8.1, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 1.35 (ddd, J=13.9, 8.1, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 0.90 (dd, J=9.0, 6.5 Hz, 6H); LCMS (EST) m/e 364.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 24 F 2 N 3 O 2 , 364.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.81 min.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Prepared as described in Example 1.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 424.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 17 H 25 Br 1 Cl 1 F 1 N 1 O 3 , 424.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.37 min.

Part B: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-acetamidopyridin-4-yl)-2-chloro-6-fluorophenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

LCMS (ESI) m/e 480.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 32 F 2 N 3 O 4 , 480.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.28 min.

Obtained (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (26.5 mg, 0.066 mmol, 56% yield for final step) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.60 (s, 1H), 8.37 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 7.67 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 2H), 7.43 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 4.04 (dd, J =9.4, 4.7 Hz, 1H), 3.96 (dd, J=9.5, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 3.11 (dq, J=10.7, 5.1 Hz, 1H), 2.12 (s, 3H), 1.79 (dq, J=13.6, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.41 (ddd, J=13.6, 8.5, 5.2 Hz, 1H), 1.26 (ddd, J=14.1, 8.6, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 0.91 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 0.88 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 380.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 24 Cl 1 F 1 N 3 O 2 , 380.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.82 min.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Prepared as described in Example 1.

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.52 (t, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (dd, J=10.7, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 4.76 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1H), 4.19 (s, 2H), 3.96 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 1.74 (dq, J=13.5, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 1.54 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 1.47 (s, 9H), 0.98 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 480.0 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 18 H 24 Br 1 F 4 N 1 Na 1 O 3 , 480.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.50 min.

Part B: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-acetamidopyridin-4-yl)-2-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

LCMS (ESI) m/e 536.2 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 25 H 31 F 4 Na 1 N 3 O 4 , 536.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.34 min.

Part C: (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Obtained (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (49 mg, 0.116 mmol, 75% yield for final step) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.63 (s, 1H), 8.39 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 8.01 (dd, J=12.9, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (s, 1H), 7.48 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 4.06 (p, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 3.12-3.03 (m, 1H), 2.13 (s, 3H), 1.82 (dt, J=13.6, 7.2 Hz, 1H), 1.35 (ddd, J=13.4, 8.9, 4.8 Hz, 1H), 1.22 (ddd, J=13.8, 9.0, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 0.92 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.88 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 414.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 24 F 4 N 3 O 2 , 414.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.01 min.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-2,5-difluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Prepared as described in Example 1.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.29 (t, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (dd, J=9.5, 7.3 Hz, 1H), 4.68 (s, 1H), 4.09-3.91 (m, 3H), 1.71 (dt, J=13.4, 7.0 Hz, 1H), 1.53 (dd, J=15.3, 7.8 Hz, 2H), 1.47 (s, 9H), 0.97 (dd, J=6.6, 4.5 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 408.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 17 H 25 Br 1 F 2 N 1 O 3 , 408.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.40 min.

Part B: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-acetamidopyridin-4-yl)-2,5-difluorophenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

LCMS (ESI) m/e 464.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 32 F 2 N 3 O 4 , 464.3]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.29 min.

Obtained (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-2,5-difluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (46.4 mg, 0.125 mmol, 77% yield for final step) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.59 (s, 1H), 8.37 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.29 (s, 1H), 7.54 (dd, J=11.8, 7.3 Hz, 1H), 7.34 (dd, J=12.3, 7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 4.08 (dd, J=9.8, 4.5 Hz, 1H), 3.98 (dd, J=10.0, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 3.24 (p, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 1.80 (dq, J=15.3, 8.4, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 1.35 (qt, J=13.7, 6.8 Hz, 2H), 0.91 (dd, J=14.1, 6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 364.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 24 F 2 N 3 O 2 , 364.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.82 min.

(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as described in Example 1.

The mixture of 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl(0.079 g, 0.166 mmol), potassium acetate(2.446 g, 24.92 mmol), 2nd generation Xphos precatalyst (0.065 g, 0.083 mmol), methyl (4-chloropyridin-2-yl)carbamate (1.55 g, 8.31 mmol) and hypodiboric acid (1.117 g, 12.46 mmol) in ethanol (80 mL) was degassed three times via vacuum/N 2 fill cycle. The reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 3 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to rt and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the solid was washed with acetone. The remaining solid was suspended with mixture of methanol and CH 2 Cl 2 . The suspension was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the crude product as a solid. The solid was suspended in water and filtered. The solid was washed with acetone to give (2-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)pyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (702 mg, 3.58 mmol, 43% yield) as an off-white solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 197.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 7 H 10 BN 2 O 4 , 197.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.46 min.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 9.86 (s, 1H), 8.35 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 8.31-8.24 (m, 1H), 7.52-7.39 (m, 2H), 7.17 (dd, J=5.4, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.06 (t, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 4.84 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 4.15-3.99 (m, 3H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 1.80-1.67 (m, 1H), 1.56 (dt, J=13.3, 7.8 Hz, 2H), 1.47 (s, 9H), 0.99 (d, J=3.7 Hz, 3H), 0.97 (d, J=3.6 Hz, 3H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-133.39; LCMS (ESI) m/e 462.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 33 F 1 N 3 O 5 , 462.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.20 min.

Obtained (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (33.2 mg, 0.091 mmol, 93% yield for the final step) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.26 (s, 1H), 8.30 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.09 (s, 1H), 7.63 (dd, J=12.7, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.55-7.49 (m, 1H), 7.37 (dd, J=5.3, 1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (t, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 3.97 (dd, J=9.4, 5.0 Hz, 1H), 3.90 (dd, J=9.4, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.12 (p, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 1.83 (dt, J =14.1, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 1.33 (ddd, J=13.4, 8.5, 4.9 Hz, 1H), 1.26 (ddd, J=13.9, 8.7, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 0.92 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.89 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 362.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 25 F 1 N 3 O 3 , 362.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.85 min.

(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-(isoxazol-5-yl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as described in Example 1.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.31 (s, 1H), 8.09 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (dd, J=9.1, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 2H), 4.60 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 4.19 (d, J=7.0 Hz, 1H), 4.02 (qd, J=9.2, 5.2 Hz, 2H), 1.75 (dq, J=13.6, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 1.46 (d, J=12.0 Hz, 11H), 0.98 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 461.0 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 20 H 27 Br 1 N 2 Na 1 O 4 , 461.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.41 min.

Part B: (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-Boc-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-(isoxazol-5-yl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

LCMS (ESI) m/e 511.4 [(M+H) + , calcd C 27 H 35 N 4 O 6 , 511.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.27 min.

Part C: (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-(isoxazol-5-yl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Obtained (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-(isoxazol-5-yl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (10.9 mg, 0.027 mmol, 34% yield for the final step) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.74 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 8.34 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.19 (t, J=2.4 Hz, 2H), 7.89 (dd, J=8.7, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 4.18 (dd, J=9.7, 4.5 Hz, 1H), 4.09 (dd, J=9.6, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.36 (d, J=4.3 Hz, 1H), 1.83 (dt, J=13.7, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 1.44 (dt, J=13.6, 7.0 Hz, 1H), 1.41-1.32 (m, 1H), 0.92 (dd, J=9.4, 6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 411.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 27 N 4 O 4 , 411.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.63 min.

(S)-2-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-5-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)benzonitrile

Prepared as described in Example 1.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.68 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (dd, J=8.9, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 4.71 (s, 1H), 4.12 (t, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 4.10-3.98 (m, 2H), 1.79-1.67 (m, 1H), 1.59 (dd, J=13.8, 6.9 Hz, 2H), 1.47 (s, 9H), 0.98 (dd, J=6.5, 5.2 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 397.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 18 H 26 Br 1 N 2 O 3 , 397.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.22 min.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.56 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.84 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.80 (dd, J=8.8, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.25 (dd, J=5.3, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.12 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.81 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 4.21-4.11 (m, 2H), 4.10-4.03 (m, 1H), 2.64 (s, 3H), 1.76-1.68 (m, 1H), 1.60 (tt, J=15.6, 6.2 Hz, 2H), 1.46 (s, 9H), 0.98 (dd, J=6.5, 5.0 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 410.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 32 N 3 O 3 , 410.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.18 min.

Obtained (48.4 mg, 0.152 mmol, 99% yield for the final step) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.49 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.24 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.11 (dd, J=8.9, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (s, 1H), 7.57-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.38 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 4.09 (dd, J=9.5, 5.1 Hz, 1H), 4.01 (dd, J=9.5, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 3.16 (dq, J=10.8, 5.4 Hz, 1H), 2.53 (s, 3H), 2.51 (s, 2H), 1.83 (dq, J=12.8, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.39 (ddd, J=13.5, 8.4, 5.1 Hz, 1H), 1.30 (ddd, J=13.8, 8.6, 5.9 Hz, 1H), 0.93 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.89 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 310.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 24 N 3 O 1 , 310.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.82 min.

(S)-2-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-5-(2-methoxypyridin-4-yl)benzonitrile

Prepared as described in Example 1.

1 H NMR (500 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.20 (dd, J=5.4, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 7.79 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (dd, J=8.7, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.11-7.05 (m, 1H), 7.00 (dd, J=5.4, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 6.85 (dd, J=1.6, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 4.84 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 4.20-4.14 (m, 1H), 4.11 (ddd, J=8.7, 4.6, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 4.07-4.03 (m, 1H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 1.76-1.66 (m, 1H), 1.64-1.52 (m, 2H), 1.44 (s, 9H), 0.96 (dd, J=6.6, 5.7 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 426.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 32 N 3 O 4 , 426.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.27 min.

Obtained (S)-2-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-5-(2-methoxypyridin-4-yl)benzonitrile (28.6 mg, 0.088 mmol, 60% yield for the final step) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.23 (dd, J=6.7, 3.9 Hz, 2H), 8.10 (dd, J=8.9, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.41-7.32 (m, 2H), 7.18 (s, 1H), 4.05 (dd, J 9.3, 5.1 Hz, 1H), 3.98 (dd, J=9.4, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 3.12 (dq, J=10.4, 5.4 Hz, 1H), 1.83 (tt, J=13.3, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 1.36 (ddd, J=13.4, 8.5, 4.9 Hz, 1H), 1.26 (ddd, J=13.9, 8.8, 5.7 Hz, 1H), 0.92 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.89 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 326.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 24 N 3 O 2 , 326.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.88 min.

(S)-2-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-5-(2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl)benzonitrile

Prepared as described in Example 1.

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-cyano-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl)phenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.80 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.86 (dd, J=8.8, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.84-7.80 (m, 1H), 7.64 (dd, J=5.1, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.79 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 4.26-4.14 (m, 2H), 4.11-4.04 (m, 1H), 1.73 (p, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.66-1.54 (m, 2H), 1.46 (s, 9H), 0.98 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-68.06; LCMS (ESI) m/e 486.2 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 24 H 28 F 3 Na 1 N 3 O 3 , 486.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.35 min.

Obtained (S)-2-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-5-(2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl)benzonitrile (34.3 mg, 0.093 mmol, 93% yield for the final step) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.81 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.46 (d, J=2.9 Hz, 1H), 8.34-8.21 (m, 2H), 8.11 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 4.08 (dd, J=9.9, 5.2 Hz, 1H), 4.05-3.95 (m, 1H), 3.13 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 1.85 (t, J=7.0 Hz, 1H), 1.43-1.32 (m, 1H), 1.27 (q, J=11.7, 9.8 Hz, 1H), 0.93 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 3H), 0.89 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 364.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 21 F 3 N 3 O 1 , 364.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.97 min.

(S)-1-(2-(isoxazol-5-yl)-4-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)phenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-amine

Prepared as described in Example 1.

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-(isoxazol-5-yl)-4-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)phenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

LCMS (ESI) m/e 452.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 26 H 34 N 3 O 4 , 452.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.03 min.

Obtained (S)-1-(2-(isoxazol-5-yl)-4-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)phenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-amine (14.6 mg, 0.041 mmol, 49% yield for the final step) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.72 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 8.49 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.24 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.93 (dd, J=8.8, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (s, 1H), 7.59-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.37 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 4.12 (dd, J=9.6, 4.6 Hz, 1H), 4.04 (dd, J=9.5, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 3.27 (dq, J=10.3, 5.3 Hz, 1H), 2.51 (s, 3H), 1.83 (dt, J=14.0, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 1.40 (ddd, J=13.4, 8.4, 5.2 Hz, 1H), 1.32 (ddd, J=13.7, 8.5, 5.7 Hz, 1H), 0.91 (dd, J=10.5, 6.5 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 352.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 26 N 3 O 2 , 352.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.50 min.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

To a 50 mL round-bottomed flask was added (S)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (66.1 mg, 0.504 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (1.5 mL) to give a colorless solution. Potassium tert-butoxide (0.604 mL, 0.604 mmol) (1.0 M in THF) was added dropwise under nitrogen. After 5 min, 4-bromo-1-fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzene (0.079 mL, 0.604 mmol) was added in one portion. The mixture was stirred at rt for 2 h. The reaction was quenched with water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ) and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain crude (S)-1-(4-bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (146 mg, 0.412 mmol, 82% yield) as a tan oil which was used as is. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.70 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (dd, J=8.8, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.80-3.72 (m, 2H), 1.83-1.73 (m, 1H), 1.53-1.44 (m, 2H), 1.23 (s, 3H), 0.98 (dd, J=12.2, 6.7 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (470 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-62.61; LCMS (ESI) m/e 354.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 14 H 20 Br 1 F 3 N 1 O 1 , 354.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.14 min.

Part B: (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

To a 2 mL vial was added (S)-1-(4-bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (43.5 mg, 0.123 mmol), N-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (26.5 mg, 0.147 mmol) (prepared as described in Example 1, Part A), and Na 2 CO 3 (0.184 mL, 0.368 mmol) in dioxane (0.5 mL) under nitrogen to give a colorless suspension. 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene palladium(II) dichloride, toluene (5.05 mg, 6.14 μmol) was added under nitrogen. The vial was sealed and heated at 130° C. (microwave) for 2 h (100° C. oil heating for 2 h was fine and was used for all other Examples). The mixture was cooled to rt and diluted with EtOAc then passed through a plug of Na 2 SO 4 . The organic solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (acetonitrile: water with 10 mM ammonium) to give (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (24 mg, 0.057 mmol, 47% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.58 (s, 1H), 8.36 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 2H), 7.97 (t, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 3.86 (q, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 2.13 (s, 3H), 1.79 (dq, J=10.2, 5.2, 4.0 Hz, 1H), 1.39 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 2H), 1.12 (s, 3H), 0.91 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 410.2 [(M−H) − , calcd C 20 H 23 F 3 N 3 O 2 , 410.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.87 min.

(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as described in Example 19 to obtain (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (22.9 mg, 0.051 mmol, 38% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.29 (s, 1H), 8.32 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.99 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (s, 1H), 7.39 (dd, J=12.5, 7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.87 (q, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 1.79 (dq, J=10.8, 5.6, 4.8 Hz, 1H), 1.40 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 2H), 1.13 (s, 3H), 0.91 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 426.3 [(M-H) + , calcd C 21 H 27 F 3 N 3 O 3 , 426.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.23 min.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Prepared as described in Example 19

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.68 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (dd, J=8.9, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 3.84-3.77 (m, 2H), 1.87-1.74 (m, 1H), 1.59-1.53 (m, 2H), 1.27 (s, 3H), 1.00 (dd, J=8.3, 6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 311.1, 313.1 Br pattern [(M+H) + , calcd C 14 H 20 BrN 2 O, 311.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.01 min.

Obtained (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (28.9 mg, 0.078 mmol, 70% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.58 (s, 1H), 8.44-8.29 (m, 2H), 8.12 (s, 1H), 8.00 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.91 (t, J=6.7 Hz, 2H), 2.13 (s, 3H), 1.82 (p, J=6.2 Hz, 1H), 1.43 (t, J=5.4 Hz, 2H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 0.93 (dd, J=6.7, 3.7 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 367.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 27 N 4 O 2 , 367.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.82 min.

(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as described in Example 19 to obtain (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (21.1 mg, 0.053 mmol, 47% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.29 (s, 1H), 8.32 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.13 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 8.01 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (dd, J=11.9, 7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.91 (t, J=6.5 Hz, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 1.81 (dq, J=12.5, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 1.42 (q, J=8.2, 6.6 Hz, 2H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 0.93 (dd, J=6.8, 3.8 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 405.2 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 21 H 26 N4Na 1 O 3 , 405.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.87 min.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Prepared as described in Example 19.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.67 (dd, J=2.4, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (ddt, J=8.8, 2.3, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 6.93-6.70 (m, 2H), 3.79-3.72 (m, 2H), 1.85-1.73 (m, 1H), 1.52-1.47 (m, 2H), 1.23 (s, 3H), 0.99 (dd, J=7.6, 6.6 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-116.21; LCMS (ESI) m/e 336.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 14 H 21 Br 1 F 2 N 1 O 1 , 336.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.18 min.

Part B: (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Obtained (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (13 mg, 0.033 mmol, 32% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.56 (s, 1H), 8.45-8.29 (m, 2H), 7.87 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (s, 1H), 7.49-7.12 (m, 3H), 3.84 (s, 2H), 2.13 (s, 3H), 1.79 (dt, J=14.1, 7.3 Hz, 1H), 1.47-1.34 (m, 2H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 0.92 (dd, J=11.3, 6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 392.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 28 F 2 N 3 O 2 , 392.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.90 min.

(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as described in Example 19 to obtain (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (15.4 mg, 0.037 mmol, 35% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.26 (s, 1H), 8.31 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.91-7.85 (m, 1H), 7.83 (s, 1H), 7.42-7.13 (m, 3H), 3.84 (s, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 1.79 (dt, J=12.8, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.41 (qd, J=14.0, 5.6 Hz, 2H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 0.92 (dd, J=11.4, 6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 408.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 28 F 2 N 3 O 3 , 408.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.00 min.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Prepared as described in Example 19.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.41-7.34 (m, 2H), 6.87 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 3.76-3.72 (m, 2H), 1.83-1.76 (m, 1H), 1.49-1.47 (m, 2H), 1.23 (s, 3H), 1.01-0.98 (m, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-58.22; LCMS (ESI) m/e 370.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 14 H 20 Br 1 F 3 N 1 O 2 , 370.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.33 min.

Part B: (S)-N-(4-(44(2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Obtained (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (14.1 mg, 0.032 mmol, 36% yield) as an off-white as solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.57 (s, 1H), 8.35 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 2H), 7.74 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.70 (s, 1H), 7.41 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 3.83 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.12 (s, 3H), 1.81 (dt, J=13.1, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 1.39 (q, J=7.6, 6.3 Hz, 2H), 1.13 (s, 3H), 0.92 (t, J=5.1 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 426.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 27 F 3 N 3 O 3 , 426.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.08 min.

(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as described in Example 19 to obtain (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (11.5 mg, 0.026 mmol, 27% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.28 (s, 1H), 8.31 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.75 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.43-7.34 (m, 2H), 3.86-3.80 (m, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 1.81 (dt, J=12.7, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.39 (q, J=8.2, 6.3 Hz, 2H), 1.13 (s, 3H), 0.92 (dd, J=6.7, 3.8 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) mile 442.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 27 F 3 N 3 O 4 , 442.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.00 min.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Prepared as described in Example 19.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 226.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 13 H 21 F 1 N 1 O 1 , 226.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.93 min.

To a 100 mL round-bottomed flask was added (S)-1-(2-fluorophenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (83.4 mg, 0.370 mmol) in CHCl 3 (2 mL) to give a colorless solution. Br 2 (0.021 mL, 0.407 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at 45° C. for 15 h. The reaction mixture cooled to rt and was diluted with EtOAc then treated with aqueous sodium bisulfate solution. The layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with water, brine, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ) and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford (S)-1-(4-bromo-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (84 mg, 0.276 mmol, 75% yield). The crude material was carried on as is. LCMS (ESI) mile 304.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 13 H 20 Br 1 F 1 N 1 O 1 , 304.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.05 min.

Obtained (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (14.5 mg, 0.039 mmol, 31% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.55 (s, 1H), 8.33 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 7.61 (d, J=12.3 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 7.30 (t, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.84-3.76 (m, 2H), 2.12 (s, 3H), 1.81 (p, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.38 (q, J=7.9, 6.8 Hz, 2H), 1.12 (s, 3H), 0.93 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 360.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 27 F 1 N 3 O 2 , 360.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.82 min.

(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as described in Example 19 to obtain (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (17.1 mg, 0.044 mmol, 30% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.25 (s, 1H), 8.29 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.09 (s, 1H), 7.62 (d, J=12.4 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.36 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 7.30 (t, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 3.82 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 1.86-1.74 (m, 1H), 1.46-1.33 (m, 2H), 1.13 (s, 3H), 0.93 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 376.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 27 F 1 N 3 O 3 , 376.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.92 min.

methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

An NMP (0.3 mL) suspension of 4-bromo-2-chlorophenol (0.074 g, 0.354 mmol), potassium carbonate (0.037 g, 0.266 mmol) and benzyl 4-isobutyl-4-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (0.058 g, 0.177 mmol) was heated at 50° C. overnight. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with NaOH (1N) (2×) and water (1×). The ethyl acetate layer was separated, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was carried on without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 476.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 21 H 25 BrClNaNO 3 , 476.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.56 min.

A mixture of sodium carbonate (0.177 ml, 0.354 mmol), 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(II)dichloride dichloromethane complex (10.12 mg, 0.012 mmol), (2-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)pyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (0.035 g, 0.177 mmol) and benzyl (1-(4-bromo-2-chlorophenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.080 g, 0.177 mmol) in dioxane (1 mL) (degassed) was heated at 85° C. overnight. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water (3×). The aqueous layer was extract with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layers were combined, washed with brine, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified via silica gel chromatography (from 0 to 30% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to give Cbz methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (56.5 mg, 0.107 mmol, 61% yield for two steps) as a tan foam. (0.565 g, 61% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 548.2 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 28 H 32 ClN 3 O 5 Na, 548.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.25 min.

Triethylsilane(0.026 mL, 0.161 mmol) was added to a CH 2 Cl 2 (0.5 mL) suspension of palladium(II) acetate(2.2 mg, 9.80 μmol) and triethylamine(1 drop) at rt. This solution was stirred at room temperature for 10 min before the addition of a CH 2 Cl 2 (0.5 mL) solution of Cbz protected methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (0.0565 g, 0.107 mmol) (the flask contain the Cbz protected methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (0.0565 g, 0.107 mmol) was rinsed with CH 2 Cl 2 (0.5 mL) and added to the reaction mixture). The above reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified via reverse phase HPLC (acetonitrile/water/10 nM ammonium acetate) to afford methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (29.6 mg, 0.076 mmol, 70% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.27 (br. s., 1H), 8.30 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.08 (s, 1H), 7.79 (s, 1H), 7.68 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 3.82 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 1.85-1.77 (m, 1H), 1.42 (br. s., 2H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 0.92 (m, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 392.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 27 ClN 3 O 3 , 392.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.75 min.

methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-methylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as described in Example 29.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 456.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 22 H 28 BrNO 3 Na, 456.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.56 min.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 506.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 29 H 36 N 3 O 5 , 506.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.21 min.

Obtained methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-methylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (3.7 mg, 9.96 umol, 35% yield) as an off white solid. 1 H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.11 (br. s., 1H), 8.26 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.08 (s, 1H), 7.53 (br. s., 2H), 7.34-7.27 (m, 1H), 7.03 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 3.77-3.68 (m, 5H), 2.28 (s, 3H), 1.86-1.76 (m, 1H), 1.42 (t, J=5.0 Hz, 2H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 0.93 (m, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 372.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 30 N 3 O 3 , 372.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.71 min.

methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-2,3-dimethylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as described in Example 29.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 426.3 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 22 H 29 ClN 2 O 3 Na, 427.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.57 min.

A mixture of 2 nd generation Xphos Precatalyst (4 mg, 5.08 μmol), potassium phosphate tribasic (0.5 mL, 0.250 mmol), (2-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)pyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (0.044 g, 0.225 mmol) and benzyl (1-(4-chloro-2,3-dimethylphenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.0385g, 0.095 mmol) in THF (0.8 mL) was degassed via vacuum/N 2 fill cycle three times. The reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. overnight. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water (2×) followed by brine. The ethyl acetate layer was separated, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The product was purified via silica gel chromatography (0-30% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to afford Cbz methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-2,3-dimethylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (25 mg, 0.025 mmol, 27% yield) as a white solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 520.5 [(M+H) + , calcd C 30 H 37 N 3 O 5 , 520.3]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.38 min.

A mixture of Pd/C (6 mg, 5.64 nmol) and Cbz protected methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-2,3-dimethylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (0.025 g, 0.048 mmol) in ethanol (4 mL) was hydrogenated via a H 2 balloon at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was filtered through a diatomaceous earth (Celite®) pad and washed with CH 2 Cl 2 . The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (acetonitrile/water/10 mM ammonium acetate) to afford methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-2,3-dimethylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (2.8 mg, 7.26 umol, 15% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.26 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (s, 1H), 7.02 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.96 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.67 (s, 4H), 3.48 (d, J=10.6 Hz, 1H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 1.84 (s, 3H), 1.83-1.74 (m, 1H), 1.42 (t, J=6.1 Hz, 2H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 0.92 (t, J=5.9 Hz, 6H). LCMS (ESI) m/e 369.2 [(M−NH 2 ) − , calcd C 22 H 29 N 2 O 3 , 369.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.68 min.

(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Step 1: Sulfamoyl chloride formation: In a 1000 ml 4 neck round-bottomed flask equipped with a mechanical stirring and an addition funnel, was charged DCM (400 mL) and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (124 mL, 1430 mmol). Under N2, this solution was cooled to 0° C. Then formic acid (53.9 mL, 1430 mmol) was added to DCM (100 mL) and this solution was transferred to the addition funnel and the solution was added slowly to the vigorously stirring reaction mixture. Gradually a thick slurry formed. A slow exotherm was observed so additional dry ice was added to acetone bath. Once temperature was stabilized, addition of the formic acid was continued. Addition was done in ˜25 min. The mixture was allowed to gradually warm to room temperature and was stirred overnight.

Step 2: In a separate 5 L 4 neck reaction flask was charged hydroxyacetone (72.5 mL, 953 mmol), pyridine (116 mL, 1430 mmol), and DCM (2000 mL). This solution was cooled to −5° C. under N 2 . The sulfamoyl chloride solution was added slowly via Teflon tube over 10 min. After the addition, the reaction was stirred for 15 min then the ice bath was removed and the reaction mixture allowed to warm to room temperature. As the reaction progressed, a gummy material formed. The material was purified via silica gel chromatography (300 g silica gel eluting with DCM). Obtained 4-methyl-5H-1,2,3-oxathiazole 2,2-dioxide (72.4 g, 536 mmol, 56% yield) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.09 (s, 2H), 2.44 (s, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 136.0 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 3 H 6 NO 3 S 136.0].

Part B. 2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-2,4-dimethylpentanoic acid 4-methyl-4-(2-methylallyl)-1, 2, 3-oxathiazolidine 2,2-dioxide

A suspension of 4-methyl-5H-1,2,3-oxathiazole 2,2-dioxide (0.541 g, 4 mmol) in methyl tert-butyl ether (30 mL) was cooled below 0° C. with an ice/IPA bath. To the cooled solution was added a solution of (2-methylallyl)magnesium chloride, 0.5 M in THF (9.60 mL, 4.80 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to rt overnight. It was then quenched with a saturated solution of NH 4 Cl (50 mL) and EtOAc (20 mL) was added. The organic phase was separated, washed with brine (50 mL), dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give 2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-2,4-dimethylpentanoic acid 4-methyl-4-(2-methylallyl)-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine 2,2-dioxide (0.567 g, 2.96 mmol, 74% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.06 (quin, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 4.87 (dd, J=1.7, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 4.50 (br. s., 1H), 4.40 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 4.29 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 2.56 (d, J=13.8 Hz, 1H), 2.40-2.30 (m, 1H), 1.86 (br. s, 3H), 1.49 (s, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 192.1 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 7 H 14 NO 3 S 192.1].

To a N 2 flushed, 100 mL round-bottomed flask was added a solution of 4-methyl-4-(2-methylallyl)-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine 2,2-dioxide (0.55 g, 2.88 mmol) in THF (10 mL). A solution of potassium tert-butoxide (4.31 mL, 4.31 mmol) in THF was added The temperature rose to 27° C. and the solution became a suspension. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. Benzyl carbonochloridate (1.026 mL, 7.19 mmol) was added slowly. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction mixture was then quenched with water (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×70 mL). The organic extracts were washed with brine (50 mL), dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give benzyl 4-methyl-4-(2-methylallyl)-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (0.66 g, 2.028 mmol, 71% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.58-7.32 (m, 5H), 5.43-5.25 (m, 2H), 5.01 (t, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 4.81 (d, J=0.9 Hz, 1H), 4.63 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 4.21 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 2.87 (d, J=14.1 Hz, 1H), 2.56 (d, J=14.1 Hz, 1H), 1.78 (br. s, 3H), 1.64 (s, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 326.1 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 15 H 20 NO 5 S 326.1].

The racmeic compounds was separated by chiral super critical fluid chromatography (Column: OJ-H (3×25 cm, 5 μm); Mobile Phase: CO 2 /MeOH (90/10)) to give the two enantiomers.

Analytical super critical fluid chromatography conditions: Column: OJ-H (0.46×25 cm, 5 μm); BPR pressure: 100 bars; Temperature: 35° C.; Flow rate: 3.0 mL/min; Mobile Phase: CO 2 /MeOH (90/10); Detector Wavelength: UV 200-400 nm

Enantiomer 1: (S)-benzyl 4-methyl-4-(2-methylallyl)-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide HPLC retention time=2.53 min.

Enantiomer 2: (R)-benzyl4-methyl-4-(2-methylallyl)-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide HPLC retention time=2.97 min.

To a stirred solution of (S)-benzyl 4-methyl-4-(2-methylallyl)-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (800 mg, 2.459 mmol) in MeOH (20 mL) was added Pd/C (262 mg, 0.246 mmol) under a nitrogen atmosphere and the reaction mixture was stirred under 1 atm hydrogen pressure for 16 h. The reaction mixture was passed through diatomaceous earth (Celite®) pad and the pad was washed with EtOAc (15 mL). The organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford (S)-4-isobutyl-4-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine 2,2-dioxide (462 mg, 2.39 mmol, 97% yield, 95% purity) as colorless oil. The material was carried forward without further purification. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ ppm 7.69 (br, 1H) 4.33 (d, J=8.03 Hz, 1 H) 4.17-4.26 (m, 1 H) 1.68-1.81 (m, 1 H) 1.53-1.63 (m, 1 H) 1.43-1.51 (m, 1 H) 1.34 (s, 3 H) 0.81-1.00 (m, 6 H).

To a stirred solution of (S)-4-isobutyl-4-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine 2,2-dioxide (7 g, 15.21 mmol) in DCM (70 mL) cooled to 0° C. was added DMAP (1.858 g, 15.21 mmol) and (BOC) 2 O (5.30 mL, 22.82 mmol) The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 12 h. The reaction mixture was transfers to a separating funnel containing water (20 ml) and was extracted with DCM (2×60 ml). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL), dried over (Na 2 SO 4 ), and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified via silica gel chromatography (30% ethyl acetate in pet ether) to afford (S)-tert-butyl 4-isobutyl-4-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (4.4 g, 14.70 mmol, 97% yield) as a colorless oil. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 4.45 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 4.20 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 2.07-1.98 (m, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 1.83-1.69 (m, 2H), 1.59 (s, 3H), 1.56 (s, 9H), 0.99 (dd, 6.5 Hz, 6H).

To a 20 mL vial was added 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde (81 mg, 0.403 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl 4-isobutyl-4-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (107.4 mg, 0.366 mmol), and K 2 CO 3 (152 mg, 1.098 mmol) in DMF (1.2 mL) to give a white suspension. The vial was sealed and the mixture was heated at 80° C. for 17 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to rt and partitioned between water and EtOAc. The layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with water, brine, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ) and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (up to 40% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford (S)-tert-butyl(1-(4-bromo-2-formylphenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (115 mg, 0.278 mmol, 76%) as a colorless oil. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 10.43 (s, 1H), 7.89 (d, J=2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (dd, J=8.9, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.58 (s, 1H), 4.29 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.09 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 1.94-1.74 (m, 2H), 1.48 (dd, J=13.9, 4.8 Hz, 1H), 1.39 (s, 3H), 1.37 (s, 9H), 0.98 (dd, J=6.6, 4.8 Hz, 6H); (ESI) m/e 314.0, 316.0 Br pattern [(M-Boc+H) + , calcd C 14 H 21 BrNO 2 , 414.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.39 min.

Part G: (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-Boc-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-carbonylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

To a 2 mL vial was added (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-formylphenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (27.9 mg, 0.067 mmol), (2-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)pyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (19.79 mg, 0.101 mmol), and Na 2 CO 3 (0.101 mL, 0.202 mmol) in dioxane (0.5 mL) under nitrogen to give a colorless suspension. 1,1′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenepalladium(II) dichloride, toluene (2.77 mg, 3.37 μmol) was added under nitrogen. The vial was sealed and heated at 100° C. (bath temp: 105° C.) for 3 h. LCMS showed conversion to the desired product (M+H=486), but with some starting material left. A bit more reagents was added and heating continued for another 3 h. LCMS showed no more starting material. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc and passed through a plug of Na 2 SO 4 . The organic solution was concentrated. Obtained (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-Boc-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-carbonylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate as a tan residue which was carried on without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 486.4 [(M+H) + , calcd C 26 H 36 N 3 O 6 , 486.3]; LC/MS retention time (method C): t R =4.23 min.

Part H: (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-Boc-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

To a 2 mL vial was added crude aldehyde (10.68 mg, 0.022 mmol) in MeOH (0.5 mL) to give a tan solution. NaBH 4 (5 mg, 0.132 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at rt for 1 h. The mixture was partitioned between water and EtOAc. The layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ) and concentrated under reduced pressure. The tan residue was directly carried onto next reaction. LCMS (ESI) m/e 488.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 26 H 38 N 3 O 6 , 488.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.00 min.

Part I: (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

To a 25 mL flask was added (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-Boc-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (10.73 mg, 0.022 mmol) in CH 2 Cl 2 (1 mL) to give a tan solution. TFA (0.5 ml, 6.49 mmol) was added under nitrogen. The mixture was stirred at rt for 1 h. The mixture was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in MeOH, filtered, and purified by reverse phase HPLC (acetonitrile/water/10 mM ammonium acetate) to afford (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (7.6 mg, 0.019 mmol, 86% yield for three steps) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.28 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.77 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (dd, J=8.6, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.06 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 4.63 (s, 2H), 3.77 (s, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 1.79 (td, J=11.7, 10.6, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 1.42 (qd, J=14.0, 5.6 Hz, 2H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 0.93 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 388.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 30 N 3 O 4 , 388.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.55 min.

(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyclopropylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as described in Example 32.

To a 100 mL round-bottomed flask was added 2-cyclopropylphenol (584 mg, 4.35 mmol) in CH 2 Cl 2 (22 mL) to give a colorless solution. Bra (0.224 mL, 4.35 mmol) was added dropwise at 0° C. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 1 h. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-cyclopropylphenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (992 mg, 4.35 mmol, 100% yield) as a colorless oil. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.24 (dd, J=8.6, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (dd, J=2.5, 0.9 Hz, 1H), 6.76 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 5.43 (s, 1H), 1.82 (tt, J=8.3, 5.3 Hz, 1H), 1.04-0.97 (m, 2H), 0.70-0.64 (m, 2H); LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.09 min.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.21 (dd, J=8.7, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.98 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.71 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 4.67 (s, 1H), 4.10 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 3.94 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 2.16-2.08 (m, 1H), 1.84 (ddt, J=13.0, 10.9, 6.5 Hz, 2H), 1.69-1.59 (m, 1H), 1.43 (s, 3H), 1.42 (s, 9H), 0.99 (dd, J=6.5, 3.1 Hz, 6H), 0.97-0.92 (m, 2H), 0.68-0.61 (m, 2H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 447.9 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 21 H 32 Br 1 N 1 Na 1 O 3 , 448.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.59 min.

Part C: (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-Boc-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyclopropylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

LCMS (ESI) m/e 498.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 28 H 40 N 3 O 5 , 498.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.24 min.

Part D: (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyclopropylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.25 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.05 (s, 1H), 7.50 (dd, J=8.5, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 3.81-3.73 (m, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 2.20 (ddd, J=13.9, 8.8, 5.4 Hz, 1H), 1.82 (dt, J=12.8, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 1.49-1.38 (m, 2H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 0.94 (q, J=6.2 Hz, 8H), 0.72 (q, J=5.1 Hz, 2H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 398.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 23 H 32 N 3 O 3 , 398.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.73 min.

(S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Prepared as described in Example 19.

To a 25 mL vial was added (4,6-dichloropyridin-3-yl)methanol (125.8 mg, 0.707 mmol), and acetamide (62.6 mg, 1.060 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (4 mL) to give a colorless solution. While degassing with N 2 , PdOAc 2 (7.93 mg, 0.035 mmol), XANTPHOS (30.7 mg, 0.053 mmol), Cs 2 CO 3 (368 mg, 1.131 mmol) were added. The vial was sealed under nitrogen and heated at 110° C. (bath: 112° C.) for 22 h (1:30 pm). The reaction mixture was cooled to rt and partitioned between water and EtOAc. There were some insoluble solids which were removed by filtration. The layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted 4 times with EtOAc (there were still product left in aq.). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (up to 10% MeOH/CH 2 Cl 2 ) to afford N-(4-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (90 mg, 0.449 mmol, 64% yield) as a white solid: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d 4 ) δ 8.34 (s, 1H), 8.19 (s, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 201.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 8 H 10 ClN 2 O 2 , 201.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.73 min.

To a 20 mL vial was added N-(4-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (48 mg, 0.239 mmol), hypodiboric acid (32.2 mg, 0.359 mmol), 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl (2.281 mg, 4.79 μmol), Xphos precatalyst (1.882 mg, 2.393 μmol) and potassium acetate (70.4 mg, 0.718 mmol) in ethanol (2.2 mL) to give a tan suspension (degassed with N 2 before adding reagents). The bottle was capped and heated at 80° C. for 1.5 h. The mixture was cooled to rt and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was carried on without purification.

Part C: (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide

To a 20 mL vial was added (2-acetamido-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (50.2 mg, 0.239 mmol) was added potassium phosphate tribasic (2 mL, 1.000 mmol). After degassing with N 2 for 5 min, Xphos precatalyst (3.76 mg, 4.78 μmol) and (S)-1-(4-bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (30 mg, 0.076 mmol) (prepared as described in Example 19, Part A) in tetrahydrofuran (2 mL) were added. The vial was sealed and heated at 80° C. for 18 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to rt and the volatiles were removed under reduced pressure. The residue was partitioned between water and EtOAc. The organic layer was dried, filtered and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in MeOH and purified by reverse phase HPLC (acetonitrile/water/10 mM ammonium acetate) to afford (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (27.7 mg, 0.060 mmol, 79% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.57 (s, 1H), 8.38 (s, 1H), 8.02 (s, 1H), 7.80 (s, 1H), 7.78-7.71 (m, 1H), 7.35 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 4.36 (s, 2H), 3.86 (q, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 1.81 (dt, J=12.6, 6.1 Hz, 1H), 1.45-1.37 (m, 2H), 1.13 (s, 3H), 0.92 (dd, J=6.6, 3.4 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 440.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 29 F 3 N 3 O 3 , 440.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.67 min.

An NMP (0.3 mL) suspension of 5-chloropyridin-2-ol (0.023 g, 0.180 mmol), sodium carbonate (0.019 g, 0.180 mmol) and benzyl 4-isobutyl-4-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (0.0392 g, 0.120 mmol) was heated to 80° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to rt and diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water (3×). The ethyl acetate layer was separated, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified via silica gel chromatography (0-30% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to afford benzyl (1-((5-chloropyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.0387 g, 0.103 mmol, 86% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.08 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (dd, J=8.8, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.37-7.32 (m, 5H), 6.71 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 5.06 (s, 3H), 4.42 (d, J=10.5 Hz, 1H), 4.26 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 1.87-1.74 (m, 2H), 1.72-1.63 (m, 1H), 1.43 (s, 3H), 0.96 (dd, J=6.3, 4.8 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 377.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 26 ClN 2 O 3 , 377.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.42 min.

A mixture of 2 nd generation XPHOS precatalyst (1.587 mg, 2.017 μmol), potassium phosphate tribasic (0.403 mL, 0.202 mmol), (2-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)pyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (0.020 g, 0.101 mmol) and benzyl (1-((5-chloropyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.038 g, 0.101 mmol) in THF (0.2 mL) was degassed via vacuum/N 2 fill cycle three times. The reaction mixture was heated at 70° C. overnight. The reaction was cooled to rt and diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water (2×) followed by brine. The ethyl acetate layer was separated, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated. The product was purified silica gel chromatography (50-100% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to afford Cbz methyl (6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-[3,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (0.011 g, 0.022 mmol, 22% yield) as a white solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 493.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 27 H 33 N 4 O 5 , 493.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.13 min.

A mixture of Pd/C (5 mg, 4.70 μmol) and Cbz methyl (6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-[3,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (0.011 g, 0.022 mmol) in ethanol (4 mL) was hydrogenated with a H 2 balloon at room temperature overnight. The reaction was filtered and washed with DCM. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified via reverse phase HPLC (acetonitrile/water/10 mM ammonium acetate) to afford methyl (6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-[3,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (6.6.mg, 0.018 mmol, 82% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.32 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.08 (s, 1H), 8.06 (dd, J=8.6, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.00 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.14-4.00 (m, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 1.89 (s, 3H), 1.80 (dt, J=12.7, 6.1 Hz, 1H), 1.47-1.33 (m, 2H), 0.93 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.91 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 359.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 27 N 4 O 3 , 359.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.55 min.

(S)-methyl(6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-methyl-[3,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as in Example 51.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 323.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 13 H 21 BrN 2 ONa, 323.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.96 min.

A mixture of sodium carbonate (0.149 mL, 0.299 mmol), 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(II) dichloride dichloromethane complex (6.10 mg, 7.47 μmol), (S)-1-((5-bromo-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (0.045 g, 0.149 mmol) and (2-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)pyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (0.029 g, 0.149 mmol) in dioxane (0.5 mL) (degassed with N 2 ) was heated at 80° C. for 5 h. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water (3×). The ethyl acetate layer was dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (acetonitrile/water/10 mM ammonium acetate to afford (S)-methyl (6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-methyl-[3,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (11.0 mg, 0.073 mmol, 20% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.25 (br. s., 1H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 8.31 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.08 (s, 1H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.36 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 4.20-4.09 (m, 2H), 2.51 (br. s., 3H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 1.86-1.77 (m, 1H), 1.59-1.39 (m, 2H), 1.20 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 3H), 0.93 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.92 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 373.4 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 29 N 4 O 3 373.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.89 min.

(S)-methyl(6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-cyano-[3,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as in Example 51.

A mixture of sodium carbonate (0.246 g, 2.323 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl 4-isobutyl-4-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (0.3408 g, 1.162 mmol) and 5-bromo-2-hydroxynicotinonitrile (0.277 g, 1.394 mmol) in DMF (4 mL) was heated at 80° C. overnight. The reaction was cooled to rt and diluted with ethyl acetate then washed with NaOH (1N) (2×) and water (1×). The ethyl acetate layer was separated, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The product was purified silica gel chromatography (0-25% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-((5-bromo-3-cyanopyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.261.g, 0.633 mmol, 55% yield) as a clear oil. LCMS (ESI) m/e 436.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 18 H 26 BrN 3 O 3 Na, 436.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.38 min.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 484.4 [(M+H) + , calcd C 25 H 34 N 5 O 5 , 484.3]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.24 min.

Obtained (S)-methyl (6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-cyano-[3,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (13.3 mg, 0.034 mmol, 36% yield) as a white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.36 (s, 1H), 8.81-8.77 (m, 1H), 8.68-8.63 (m, 1H), 8.36 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.09 (s, 1H), 7.43 (d, J=4.0 Hz, 1H), 4.20 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.39 (br. s., 2H), 1.82 (d, J=6.2 Hz, 1H), 1.40 (t, J=5.5 Hz, 2H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 0.95-0.90 (m, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 367.2 [(M−NH 2 ), calcd C 20 H 23 N 4 O 3 , 367.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.63 min.

(S)-methyl(6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-4-methyl-[3,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as in Example 51.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 301.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 13 H 22 BrN 2 O, 301.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.77 min.

Obtained (S)-methyl (6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-4-methyl-[3,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (15.3 mg, 0.041 mmol, 32% yield) as an off-white solid.

1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.34-8.30 (m, 1H), 8.00 (s, 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H), 7.11-7.08 (m, 1H), 6.85 (s, 1H), 4.01 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 2H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 1.88 (s, 1H), 1.85-1.77 (m, 1H), 1.37 (s, 2H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 0.93 (m, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 373.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 29 N 4 O 3 , 373.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.60 min.

(S)-methyl(6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-chloro-[3,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as in Example 51.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.07 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 4.65 (br. s., 1H), 4.48 (d, J=10.3 Hz, 1H), 4.32 (d, J=10.3 Hz, 1H), 1.90-1.75 (m, 2H), 1.67-1.53 (m, 1H), 1.41 (s, 9H), 1.39 (s, 3H), 0.99 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 3H), 0.97 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 443.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 17 H 26 BrClN 2 O 3 Na, 443.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.55 min.

Part B: Boc-(S)-methyl (6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-chloro-[3,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

LCMS (ESI) m/e 493.4 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 34 ClN 4 O 5 , 493.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.38 min.

Obtained (S)-methyl (6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-chloro-[3,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate(19.6 mg, 0.047 mmol, 85% yield) as an off-white solid.

1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.49 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.34 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.25 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.07 (s, 1H), 7.42 (dd, J=5.1, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 4.22-4.06 (m, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 1.87-1.75 (m, 1H), 1.48-1.34 (m, 2H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 0.93 (d, J=3.7 Hz, 3H), 0.92 (d, J=3.7 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 393.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 26 ClN 4 O 3 , 393.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.98 min.

(S)-methyl (6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-methoxy-[3,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as in Example 51.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 338.9 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 13 H 21 BrN 2 O 2 Na, 339.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.87 min.

Obtained (S)-methyl (6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-methoxy-[3,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (8.4 mg, 0.021 mmol, 29% yield) as an off-white solid.

1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.32 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.09 (s, 1H), 8.04 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J=4.0 Hz, 1H), 4.08 (q, J=10.3 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.45 (br. s., 3H), 1.81 (dt, J=13.0, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 1.47-1.31 (m, 2H), 1.12 (s, 3H), 0.92 (m, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 389.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 29 N 4 O 4 , 389.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.64 min.

Prepared using procedure described in Example 51 to afford (S)-6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-2′-(difluoromethyl)-[3,4′-bipyridine]-5-carbonitrile (4.7 mg, 0.013 mmol, 15% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.02 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 8.95 (d, J=2.6 Hz, 1H), 8.80 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.15 (s, 1H), 8.02 (d, J=5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.01 (t, J=54.8 Hz, 1H), 4.63 (d, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 4.51 (d, J=11.5 Hz, 1H), 1.86 (dq, J=12.4, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 1.79 (dd, J=14.4, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 1.62 (dd, J=14.3, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 1.41 (s, 3H), 0.98 (dd, J=6.7, 2.2 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ-73.65; LCMS (ESI) m/e 383.3 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 19 H 22 F 2 N 4 Na 1 O 1 , 383.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.77 min.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 377.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 26 ClN 2 O 3 , 377.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.42 min.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 493.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 27 H 33 N 4 O 5 , 493.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.15 min.

A mixture of Pd/C (4 mg, 3.76 μmol) and Cbz protected methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (0.0123 g, 0.025 mmol) in ethanol (4 mL) was stirred under H 2 balloon at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was filtered and the flask was rinsed with CH 2 Cl 2 . The filter cake was washed with CH 2 Cl 2 . The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (acetonitrile/water/10 mM ammonium acetate) to afford methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (12.1 mg, 0.032 mmol, 98% yield) as an off-white solid.

1 H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.14 (br. s., 1H), 8.49 (s, 1H), 8.45 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 1H), 8.32 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.97 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (dd, J=8.7, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 3.84 (s, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 1.82 (tt, J=12.7, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.46-1.35 (m, 2H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 0.95 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H), 0.93 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 359.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 27 N 4 O 3 , 359.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.48 min.

(S)-methyl(5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as in Example 19.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 284.2 [(M−NH 2 ) + , calcd C 13 H 19 BrNO, 284.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.78 min (SM: t R =1.61 min).

Obtained (S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (8.5 mg, 0.022 mmol, 34% yield) as an off-white solid.

1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.48 (s, 1H), 8.30 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.67-7.60 (m, 1H), 7.43 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 3.79 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 2H), 3.58 (s, 3H), 2.50 (s, 3H), 1.79 (m, 1H), 1.51-1.34 (m, 2H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 0.93 (t, J =6.4 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 373.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 29 N 4 O 3 , 373.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.82 min.

(S)-1-((2′,6-dimethyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Prepared as in Example 51. Obtained ((S)-1-((2′,6-dimethyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (7.2 mg, 0.022 mmol, 29% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.49 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.92 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.87 (s, 1H), 7.78 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 3.78 (s, 2H), 2.54 (s, 3H), 2.51 (s, 3H), 1.83 (dt, J=12.8, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.42 (t, J=5.2 Hz, 2H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 0.94 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 314.4 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 28 N 3 O, 314.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.84 min.

(S)-methyl(5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-6-chloro-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as in Example 32.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 490.9 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 17 H 26 ClIN 2 NaO 3 , 491.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.40 min.

Part B: (S)-methyl (5-((2-Boc-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-6-chloro-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

LCMS (ESI) m/e 493.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 34 ClN 4 O 5 , 493.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.19 min.

Obtained (S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-6-chloro-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (12.6 mg, 0.032 mmol, 69% yield) as an off-white solid.

1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.45 (s, 1H), 8.35 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.04 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 3.93 (s, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 1.81 (dq, J=13.1, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.45 (qd, J=14.0, 5.5 Hz, 2H), 1.18 (s, 3H), 0.93 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 393.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 26 ClN 4 O 3 , 393.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.66 min.

(S)-1-((6-chloro-2′-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Prepared as in Example 32.

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-chloro-2′-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Synthesis followed previous procedure. LCMS (ESI) m/e 434.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 23 H 33 Cl 1 N 3 O 3 , 434.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.96 min.

Obtained (S)-1-((6-chloro-2′-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (4.6 mg, 0.013 mmol, 30% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.53 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.13 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.85 (s, 1H), 7.76 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.72 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 3.91 (s, 2H), 2.55 (s, 3H), 1.82 (p, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.52-1.38 (m, 2H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 0.94 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 334.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 18 H 25 Cl 1 N 3 O 1 , 334.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.48 min.

(S)-methyl(5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-4-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as in Example 32.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 357.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 18 H 30 Cl 1 N 2 O 3 , 357.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.23 min.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 357.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 18 H 30 ClN 2 O 3 , 357.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.23 min.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 257.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 13 H 22 ClN 2 O, 257.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.70 min.

Obtained (S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-4-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (1.1 mg, 2.92 umol, 5% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.49 (s, 1H), 8.36 (s, 1H), 8.32 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.87 (s, 1H), 7.63 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 3.89 (s, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 2.32 (s, 3H), 1.86-1.79 (m, 1H), 1.42 (t, J=5.7 Hz, 2H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 0.93 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 6H) ; LCMS (ESI) m/e 373.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 29 N 4 O 3 , 373.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.67 min.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 475.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 30 H 39 N 2 O 3 , 475.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.21 min.

Obtained (12.7 mg, 0.032 mmol, 33% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.90 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.09 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.10 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (s, 1H), 3.82 (s, 2H), 2.27 (p, J=6.9 Hz, 1H), 1.85 (dt, J=12.7, 6.6 Hz, 1H), 1.47 (q, J=8.2, 7.0 Hz, 2H), 1.20 (s, 3H), 0.95 (q, J=7.9, 7.2 Hz, 8H), 0.71 (t, J=4.1 Hz, 2H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 375.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 25 H 31 N 2 O 1 , 375.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.69 min.

1-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-4-(quinolin-4-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Prepared as in Example 29.

An NMP (0.3 mL) suspension of 4-bromo-2-chloro-6-fluorophenol (23.00 mg, 0.102 mmol), sodium carbonate (35 mg, 0.330 mmol) and benzyl 4-isobutyl-4-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (0.0334 g, 0.102 mmol) was heated at 50° C. overnight. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water (3×). The ethyl acetate layer was separated, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was carried on without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 496.0 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 21 H 24 ClBrFNO 3 Na, 494.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.59 min.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 521.4 [(M+H) + , calcd C 30 H 31 ClFN 2 O 3 , 521.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.38 min.

Triethylsilane(0.1 ml, 0.626 mmol) was added to a CH 2 Cl 2 (0.2 mL) suspension of palladium(II) acetate(2 mg, 8.91 μmol) and triethylamine(0.1 ml, 0.717 mmol) at rt. The reaction turned black. The solution was stirred at room temperature for 10 min before addition of CH 2 Cl 2 (0.2 mL) solution of benzyl (1-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-4-(quinolin-4-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.0441 g, 0.085 mmol) (the flask contain the benzyl (1-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-4-(quinolin-4-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.0441 g, 0.085 mmol) was rinsed with CH 2 Cl 2 (0.2 mL) and added to the reaction mixture). The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the crude material was purified via reverse phase HPLC (acetonitrile/water/10 mM ammonium acetate) to afford 1-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-4-(quinolin-4-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (8.9 mg, 0.022 mmol, 26% yield.) 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.96 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.13 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.88 (s, 1H), 7.83 (s, 1H), 7.66 (s, 1H), 7.60-7.50 (m, 3H), 3.98-3.90 (m, 2H), 1.89-1.81 (m, 1H), 1.44 (dd, 5.7 Hz, 2H), 1.18 (s, 3H), 0.97 (dd, J=9.4, 6.8 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 387.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 25 FClN 2 O, 387.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.70 min.

(S)-1-((5-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Intermediates prepared as described in Example 19. A mixture of potassium acetate (0.026 g, 0.266 mmol), (S)-1-((5-bromo-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (0.0267 g, 0.089 mmol), 4,4,4′,4′,5,5,5′,5′-octamethyl-2,2′-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (0.027 g, 0.106 mmol) in dioxane (1 mL) underwent vacuum/backfill N 2 (5×). PdCl 2 (dppf) (1.946 mg, 2.66 μmol) was added to the reaction mixture and the reaction was heated at 80° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. PdCl 2 (dppf) (3.26 mg, 4.45 μmol), sodium carbonate (0.089 mL, 0.178 mmol, 2N), 4-chloro-7-fluoroquinoline (16.16 mg, 0.089 mmol) and (S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-((3-methyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)pentan-2-amine (31.0 mg, 0.089 mmol) in dioxane (1.2 mL) were added to the vessel mixture and the mixture was degassed via vacuum/ N 2 fill cycle three times. The reaction mixture was heated at 130° C. for 4 h. The reaction was cooled to rt then diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water (2×) followed by brine. The ethyl acetate layer was separated, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude was purified via reverse phase HPLC (acetonitrile/water/10 mM ammonium acetate) to afford (S)-1-((5-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (15.2 mg, 0.041 mmol, 47% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.99-8.95 (m, 1H), 8.20-8.16 (m, 1H), 7.98 (dd, J=9.2, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 7.88-7.83 (m, 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H), 7.59-7.53 (m, 1H), 7.49 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 4.11 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 2H), 3.46 (br. s., 2H), 1.90 (s, 3H), 1.87-1.79 (m, 1H), 1.45 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 0.95 (t, J=6.1 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 386.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 27 FN 3 O, 386.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.78 min.

(S)-2-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)nicotinonitrile

Prepared as in Example 53.

LCMS (ESI) m/e 434.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 18 H 26 BrN 3 O 3 Na, 434.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.38 min.

To a 20 mL microwave tube was added 4-chloro-5,7-difluoroquinoline (0.159 g, 0.795 mmol) and propionitrile (1 mL), followed by TMS-Br (0.206 mL, 1.59 mmol) at room temperature. A precipitate formed. The tube was sealed and heated to 100° C. overnight. The reaction was cooled to room temperature. The crude mixture was poured into iced NaOH (1N, 3 mL) and the tube was washed with water. The aqueous layer was extracted with diethyl ether (3×). The diethyl ether layers were combined, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give 4-bromo-5,7-difluoroquinoline (14.2 mg, 0.582 mmol, 73% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 243.8 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 9 H 5 BrNF 2 , 244.0]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.04 min.

A mixture of potassium acetate (0.122 g, 1.242 mmol), 4-bromo-5,7-difluoroquinoline (0.1010 g, 0.414 mmol), 4,4,4′,4′,5,5,5′,5′-octamethyl-2,2′-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (0.126 g, 0.497 mmol) in dioxane (3 mL) underwent a cycle of vacuum/backfill with nitrogen 5 times. PdCl 2 (dppf) (9.09 mg, 0.012 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture at room temperature and the reaction was heated at 80° C. overnight. The crude was used as it is in the next step.

Part D: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((3-cyano-5-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of sodium carbonate (0.138 mL, 0.276 mmol), 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(II) dichloride dichloromethane complex (7.89 mg, 9.66 μmol), 5,7-difluoro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)quinolone (0.040 g, 0.138 mmol) and (S)-tert-butyl (1-((5-bromo-3-cyanopyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.057 g, 0.138 mmol) in dioxane (2 mL) (degassed) was heated at 100° C. for 3 h. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water (3×). The ethyl acetate layer was dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (0-10-25% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-((3-cyano-5-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.0372g, 0.075 mmol, 54% yield) as a brown solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 519.0 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 27 H 30 F 2 N 4 O 3 Na, 519.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.38 min.

1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.04 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.59 (s, 1H), 8.54 (br. s., 1H), 7.82 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.70-7.59 (m, 1H), 7.54 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 4.30-4.17 (m, 2H), 3.44 (br. s., 2H), 1.87-1.79 (m, 1H), 1.50-1.36 (m, 2H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 0.96 (d, J=2.9 Hz, 3H), 0.94 (d, J=2.9 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 397.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 23 F 2 N 4 O, 397.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.39 min.

(S)-1-((3-chloro-5-(quinolin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Prepared as in Example 77.

(ESI) m/e 470.4 [(M+H) + , calcd C 26 H 33 ClN 3 O 3 , 470.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.45 min.

1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.99 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.36 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.25 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.96 (s, 1H), 7.89-7.80 (m, 2H), 7.67 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 4.59-4.42 (m, 2H), 1.94-1.61 (m, 3H), 1.43 (s, 3H), 0.98 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 370.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 25 ClN 3 O, 370.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.09 min.

(S)-1-((3-methoxy-5-(quinolin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Prepared as in Example 77. Obtained (S)-1-((3-methoxy-5-(quinolin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (5.4 mg, 0.014 mmol, 23% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.96 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.12 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.97 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.86 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 7.51 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 4.17-4.06 (m, 2H), 3.60 (br. s., 3H), 1.84 (dt, J=12.8, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.47-1.36 (m, 2H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 0.95 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 366.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 28 N 3 O 2 , 366.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.55 min.

(S)-2-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-(1,6-naphthyridin-4-yl)nicotinonitrile

Prepared as in Example 77.

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((3-cyano-5-(1,6-naphthyridin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

LCMS (ESI) m/e 484.2 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 26 H 31 F 2 N 5 Na 1 O 3 , 484.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.14 min.

Obtained (S)-2-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-(1,6-naphthyridin-4-yl)nicotinonitrile (22 mg, 0.058 mmol, 66% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.28 (s, 1H), 9.23 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.84 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 8.78 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.75 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 8.04 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 4.68 (d, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 4.56 (d, J=11.5 Hz, 1H), 1.89 (dq, J=12.7, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 1.81 (dd, J=14.4, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 1.64 (dd, J=14.4, 5.6 Hz, 1H), 1.44 (s, 3H), 1.01 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 362.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 24 N 5 O 1 , 362.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.56 min.

Obtained (6.3 mg, 0.016 mmol, 36% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.00 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.20 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 8.13 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.86-7.77 (m, 3H), 7.69-7.60 (m, 2H), 3.97-3.87 (m, 2H), 1.85 (dt, J=12.8, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.44 (t, J=4.8 Hz, 2H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 0.96 (t, J=6.0 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) mile 370.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 25 Cl 1 N 3 O 1 , 370.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.57 min.

(S)-1-(4-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Prepared as in Example 19 to obtain (S)-1-(4-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (27 mg, 0.069 mmol, 79% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.36 (d, J=5.0 Hz, 1H), 8.00 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (dd, J=8.5, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J=3.5 Hz, 1H), 7.18-7.08 (m, 2H), 6.68 (d, J=3.5 Hz, 1H), 3.92-3.84 (m, 2H), 1.82-1.77 (m, 1H), 1.60-1.48 (m, 2H), 1.28 (s, 3H), 1.01 (dd, J=9.0, 6.8 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ-62.31 (s, 3F); LCMS (ESI) m/e 392.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 25 F 3 N 3 O, 392.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.81 min.

(S)-1-(4-(1,6-naphthyridin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

To a 20 mL vial was added 4-chloro-1,6-naphthyridine (200 mg, 1.215 mmol), (4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)boronic acid (321 mg, 1.458 mmol), and potassium phosphate tribasic (4.86 mL, 2.430 mmol) in THF (2.5 mL) to give a yellow suspension. After degassing with N 2 for 5 min, 2 nd generation XPHOS precatalyst (19.12 mg, 0.024 mmol) was added. The mixture was sealed under nitrogen and heated at 40° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to rt and diluted with water and EtOAc. The layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ) and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (up to 8% MeOH/CH 2 Cl 2 ) to afford 4-(4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,6-naphthyridine (369 mg, 1.213 mmol, quantitative yield) as a light yellow solid: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 9.37 (d, J=0.9 Hz, 1H), 9.14 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 8.83 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 8.03 (dd, J=6.0, 0.9 Hz, 1H), 7.80 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (dd, J=8.5, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 4.05 (s, 3H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-62.63; LCMS (ESI) m/e 305.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 16 H 12 F 3 N 2 O 1 , 305.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.86 min.

To a 250 mL round-bottomed flask was added 4-(4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,6-naphthyridine (369 mg, 1.213 mmol) in CH 2 Cl 2 (5 mL) under nitrogen to give a yellow solution. BBr 3 (12.13 mL, 12.13 mmol) was slowly added. The mixture was refluxed under nitrogen for 5 h. The reaction was slowly quenched with 1N NaOH to adjust the pH to ˜5. EtOAc was added. The layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ) and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (up to 8% MeOH/CH 2 Cl 2 ) to afford 4-(1,6-naphthyridin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (124 mg, 0.427 mmol, 35%) as a white solid: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 9.45 (s, 1H), 9.21 (d, J=4.7 Hz, 1H), 8.84 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 8.16 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 7.89-7.75 (m, 1H), 7.60 (q, J=3.4 Hz, 2H), 7.34 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-62.58; LCMS (ESI) m/e 291.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 15 H 10 F 3 N 2 O 1 , 291.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.59 min.

Part C: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(1,6-naphthyridin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

LCMS (ESI) m/e 526.2 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 27 H 32 F 3 N 3 Na 1 O 3 , 526.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.31 min.

Obtained (35.7 mg, 0.087 mmol, 99% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.26 (s, 1H), 9.17 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 8.80 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 1H), 8.01 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (s, 1H), 7.69 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 3.94 (q, J=9.0 Hz, 2H), 1.83 (dq, J=12.9, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.44 (dd, J=5.8, 2.6 Hz, 2H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 0.94 (dd, J=6.8, 3.3 Hz, 6H); 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ-61.02; LCMS (ESI) m/e 404.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 25 F 3 N 3 O 1 , 362.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.79 min.

(S)-2-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-(1,6-naphthyridin-4-yl)benzonitrile

Prepared as in Example 51.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.63 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (dd, J=9.0, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 4.57 (s, 1H), 4.31 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 4.09 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 1.90 (dd, J=14.0, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.86-1.75 (m, 1H), 1.47 (dd, J =14.0, 5.0 Hz, 1H), 1.39 (s, 3H), 1.37 (s, 9H), 0.99 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 3H), 0.97 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 432.9 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 19 H 27 Br 1 N 2 Na 1 O 3 , 433.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.38 min.

Part B: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-cyano-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

LCMS (ESI) m/e 481.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 25 H 39 BN 2 NaO 5 , 481.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.49 min.

Part C: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-cyano-4-(1,6-naphthyridin-4-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

LCMS (ESI) m/e 483.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 27 H 32 N 4 Na 1 O 3 , 483.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.10 min.

Obtained (S)-2-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-(1,6-naphthyridin-4-yl)benzonitrile (6.7 mg, 0.017 mmol, 34% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.27 (s, 1H), 9.17 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 8.80 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 1H), 8.11 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.01 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 1H), 7.97 (dd, J=8.7, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.03-3.92 (m, 2H), 1.85 (dt, J=12.6, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 1.51-1.40 (m, 2H), 1.18 (s, 3H), 0.96 (dd, J=6.7, 4.3 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) mile 361.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 25 N 4 O 1 , 361.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.58 min.

(S)-2-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-(1,5-naphthyridin-4-yl)benzonitrile

Prepared as in Example 51.

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-cyano-4-(1,5-naphthyridin-4-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

LCMS (ESI) m/e 483.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 27 H 32 N 4 Na 1 O 3 , 483.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.22 min.

Obtained (5.5 mg, 0.015 mmol, 29% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.06 (t, J=4.6 Hz, 2H), 8.51 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 8.23 (d, J =2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.18-8.11 (m, 1H), 7.90-7.82 (m, 2H), 7.41 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 3.65 (s, 2H), 1.84 (dt, J=12.4, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.45 (dd, J=5.6, 2.5 Hz, 2H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 0.95 (dd, J=6.7, 3.9 Hz, 6H). (OCH2 was likely buried in a broad peak); LCMS (ESI) m/e 361.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 25 N 4 O 1 , 361.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.68 min.

(S)-1-(4-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

A mixture of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (810 mg, 4.09 mmol), (4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)boronic acid (900 mg, 4.09 mmol), PdCl 2 (dppf) (150 mg, 0.205 mmol), cesium carbonate (2000 mg, 6.14 mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) were charged to a 20 mL pressure rated vial and a stream of nitrogen was bubbled through for 10 minutes. The vial was sealed, purged of oxygen, and stirred at 90° C. overnight. The resultant mixture was vacuum filtered and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure. The reside was purified by silica gel chromatography (5-40% ethyl acetate/hexanes gradient elution) to afford7-chloro-4-(4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)quinolone (1.04 g, 3.08 mmol, 75% yield) as a white solid. The material was carried on without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 338.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 17 H 12 ClF 3 NO, 338.1]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.13 min.

A solution of 7-chloro-4-(4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)quinoline (0.51 g, 1.510 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) 0° C. was treated with BBr 3 (3.02 mL, 3.02 mmol). The cooling bath was removed and the reaction solution stirred at ambient temperature overnight. The resultant was cooled to 0° C. and quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate. The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (2×10 mL). The combined organics were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give an orange solid. The crude residue was adsorbed onto silica gel and purified by silica gel chromatography (10-80% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford 4-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (195 mg, 0.271 mmol, 18% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 323.9 [(M+H) + , calcd C 16 H 10 ClF 3 NO, 324.0]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.00 min.

Part C: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of 4-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (195 mg, 0.602 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl 4-isobutyl-4-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (194 mg, 0.663 mmol), cesium carbonate (393 mg, 1.205 mmol), and N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL) was heated to 80° C. overnight. The resultant mixture was cooled to room temperature and diluted with ethyl acetate (40 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (3×15 mL), dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by purified by silica gel chromatography to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (160 mg, 0.298 mmol, 50% yield) as a pale purple oil. LCMS (ESI) m/e 537.4 [(M+H) + , calcd C 28 H 33 ClF 3 N 2 O 3 , 537.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.60 min; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.95 (d, J=4.3 Hz, 1H), 8.19 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.81 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (dd, J=8.5, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (dd, J=8.9, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.33 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 4.39-4.17 (m, 2H), 2.00-1.79 (m, 3H), 1.44 (s, 3H), 1.42 (s, 9H), 1.03 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.01 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H).

(S)-tert-Butyl (1-(4-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (40 mg, 0.074 mmol) was treated with TFA (1 mL, 12.98 mmol) and stirred at ambient temperature for 30 min. The resultant was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified via preparative LC/MS (Column: XBridge C18, 19×200 mm, 5-μm; Mobile Phase A: 5:95 acetonitrile: water with 10-mM ammonium acetate; Mobile Phase B: 95:5 acetonitrile: water with 10-mM ammonium acetate; Gradient: 45-85% B over 15 minutes, then a 5-minute hold at 100% B; Flow: 20 mL/min.). Obtained (S)-1-(4-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine carbamate (160 mg, 0.298 mmol, 50% yield) as a colorless solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 437.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 23 H 25 ClF 3 N 2 O, 437.2]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =0.97 min; 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.98 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.17 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.88 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (s, 1H), 7.66 (dd, J=9.2, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 3.96-3.83 (m, 2H), 1.86-1.77 (m, 1H), 1.41 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 2H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 0.94 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.93 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H).

(S)-4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)quinoline-7-carbonitrile

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(7-cyanoquinolin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

(S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (84 mg, 0.156 mmol) (prepared as described in Example 88), zinc cyanide (20.20 mg, 0.172 mmol), 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (13.01 mg, 0.023 mmol), Pd2(dba)3 (7.16 mg, 7.82 μmol), N,N-dimethylformamide (1 mL), and water (0.10 mL) were charged to a pressure rated vial and the mixture was sparged with nitrogen for 5 minutes. The vial was sealed, purged of oxygen, and heated under nitrogen at 115° C. overnight. The resultant mixture was cooled to ambient temperature, vacuum filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (10-80% ethyl acetate/hexanes gradient elution) to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(7-cyanoquinolin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (22.5 mg, 0.043 mmol, 27% yield) as a near colorless film. LCMS (ESI) m/e 528.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 29 H 33 F 3 N 3 O 3 , 528.3]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.30 min.

(S)-tert-Butyl (1-(4-(7-cyanoquinolin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (22 mg, 0.042 mmol) was treated with TFA (964 μL, 12.51 mmol) and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. The resultant was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified via preparative LC/MS (Column: XBridge C18, 19×200 mm, 5-μm; Mobile Phase A: 5:95 acetonitrile: water with 10-mM ammonium acetate; Mobile Phase B: 95:5 acetonitrile: water with 10-mM ammonium acetate; Gradient: 45-85% B over 15 minutes, then a 5-minute hold at 100% B; Flow: 20 mL/min.). Obtained (S)-4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)quinoline-7-carbonitrile (13.3 mg, 0.031 mmol, 75% yield) as a colorless solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 428.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 25 F 3 N 3 O, 428.2]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =0.97 min; 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.11 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.68 (s, 1H), 8.06-7.98 (m, 1H), 7.92 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.84 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.00-3.77 (m, 2H), 1.82 (dt, J=12.7, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 1.41 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 2H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 0.94 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 0.93 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H).

Prepared as in Example 32 Parts A-F to yield (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-cyanophenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate. LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.29 min.

Part B: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-cyano-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

(S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-cyanophenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.57 g, 1.386 mmol), 4,4,4′,4′,5,5,5′,5′-octamethyl-2,2′-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (0.422 g, 1.663 mmol), PdCl 2 (dppf) (0.051 g, 0.069 mmol), potassium acetate (0.408 g, 4.16 mmol), and dioxane (5 mL) were charged to a pressure rated vial. The vial was purged of oxygen and the mixture stirred under nitrogen at 80° C. overnight. The mixture was cooled to ambient temperature, vacuum filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-cyano-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (600 mg, 1.30 mmol, 100% crude yield) as a brown oil that was used without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 481.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 25 H 39 BN 2 NaO 5 , 481.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.49 min.

Part C: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)-2-cyanophenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of 2-chloro-3-fluoro-4-iodopyridine (105 mg, 0.408 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-cyano-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (374 mg, 0.816 mmol), potassium carbonate (169 mg, 1.224 mmol), and Pd(Ph 3 P) 4 (14.14 mg, 0.012 mmol) in toluene (1 mL), water (0.050 mL), and ethanol (0.100 mL) in a pressure rated 1 dram vial was purged of oxygen, and stirred under nitrogen at 80° C. overnight. The mixture was filtered via syringe tip filter and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (10-80% ethyl acetate/hexanes gradient elution) to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)-2-cyanophenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (49 mg, 0.106 mmol, 26% yield) as a light yellow film. LCMS (ESI) m/e 462.0 (M+H) + , calcd C 23 H 30 ClFN 3 O 3 , 462.2]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.30 min; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.28 (d, J=5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (dd, J=2.0, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.77 (dt, J=8.8, 1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.33-7.29 (m, 1H), 7.18 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 4.59 (s, 1H), 4.45 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.22 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 2.01-1.92 (m, 1H), 1.91-1.79 (m, 1H), 1.56-1.50 (m, 1H), 1.46 (s, 3H), 1.40 (s, 9H), 1.03 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 6H).

Part D: (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-Boc-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)carbamate

A solution of (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-amino-3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)-2-cyanophenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (40 mg, 0.090 mmol) cooled to 0° C. was added methyl chloroformate (0.035 mL, 0.452 mmol) and pyridine (0.073 mL, 0.904 mmol) followed by DMAP (1.104 mg, 9.04 μmol). The cooling bath was removed and the mixture stirred overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. Obtained (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-Boc-amino-2,4-dimethylpenty)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)carbamate (20 mg, 0.040 mmol, 44% crude yield) which was used without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 501.1 (M+H) + , calcd C 23 H 30 ClFN 3 O 3 , 501.3]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.17 min.

Part E: (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)carbamate

(S)-Methyl (4-(4-((2-Boc-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)carbamate (20 mg, 0.040 mmol) and TFA (1 mL, 12.98 mmol) were stored at ambient temperature for 2 hours. The resultant was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified via preparative LC/MS (Column: XBridge C18, 19×200 mm, 5-μm; Mobile Phase A: 5:95 acetonitrile: water with 10-mM ammonium acetate; Mobile Phase B: 95:5 acetonitrile: water with 10-mM ammonium acetate; Gradient: 45-85% B over 15 minutes, then a 5-minute hold at 100% B; Flow: 20 mL/min.). Obtained (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)carbamate (4.1 mg, 10.14 ␣mol, 25% yield for two steps) as a colorless solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 401.0 (M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 26 FN 4 O 3 , 401.2]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =0.82 min; 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.26 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 8.05 (s, 1H), 7.95 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (t, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.13-3.99 (m, 2H), 1.91 (s, 3H), 1.86-1.78 (m, 1H), 1.60-1.44 (m, 2H), 1.24 (s, 3H), 0.94 (t, J=5.9 Hz, 6H).

A solution of LDA (1M in THF) (8.36 ml, 8.36 mmol) at −78° C. was treated dropwise with a solution of 2-chloro-6-fluoropyridine (1.0 g, 7.60 mmol) in THF (2 mL). The mixture was maintained at −78° C. for 1 h and then treated with a solution of triisopropyl borate (1.765 ml, 7.60 mmol) in THF (1 mL). The reaction mixture was treated with water (4 mL) and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford (6-chloro-2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)boronic acid (1.33 g, 7.60 mmol, 100% crude yield) as a pale orange waxy solid that was used without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 176.0 (M+H) + , calcd C 5 H 5 BClFNO 2 , 176.0]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =0.71 min.

A suspension of (6-chloro-2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)boronic acid (1.3 g, 7.41 mmol) in NaOH (4.45 ml, 22.24 mmol) at 0° C. was treated all at once with hydrogen peroxide (0.500 ml, 8.15 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature overnight. The resulting solution was quenched with ice water, acidified with 3 N aqueous hydrochloric acid to pH=5, and extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The pooled organics were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 6-chloro-2-fluoropyridin-3-ol (1.08 g, 7.32 mmol, 99% crude yield) as a waxy solid that was used without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 148.0 (M+H) + , calcd C 5 H 4 ClFNO, 148.0]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =0.83 min.

A solution of 6-chloro-2-fluoropyridin-3-ol (0.49 g, 3.32 mmol), MOM-Cl (0.277 mL, 3.65 mmol), potassium carbonate (0.551 g, 3.99 mmol) in acetone (20 mL) was stirred at 60° C. for 3 h. The mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and vacuum filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (5-30% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford 6-chloro-2-fluoro-3-(methoxymethoxy)pyridine (0.24 g, 1.25 mmol, 38% yield for three steps) as a near colorless oil. LCMS (ESI) m/e 192.0 (M+H) + , calcd C 7 H 8 ClFNO 2 , 192.0]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.20 min; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.57 (dd, J=9.8, 8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 5.24 (s, 2H), 3.56-3.52 (m, 3H).

A solution of 6-chloro-2-fluoro-3-(methoxymethoxy)pyridine (0.24 g, 1.253 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (9 mL) at −78° C. was treated dropwise with LDA (1.378 mL, 1.378 mmol). The resulting orange solution was maintained at −78° C. for 1 h and then treated dropwise with a solution of methyl iodide (0.094 mL, 1.503 mmol) in THF (0.5 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at −78° C. for 30 min. The resulting solution was warmed to ambient temperature, quenched with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (5 mL), and stirred overnight. The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The pooled organics were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (5-30% ethyl acetate/hexanes) afforded 6-chloro-2-fluoro-3-(methoxymethoxy)-4-methylpyridine (0.22 g, 1.07 mmol, 85% yield) as a colorless oil. LCMS (ESI) m/e 206.1 (M+H) + , calcd C 8 H 10 ClFNO 2 , 206.0]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.05 min; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.07 (s, 1H), 5.21-5.10 (m, 2H), 3.64-3.54 (m, 3H), 2.37 (d, J=1.0 Hz, 3H).

To a pressure rated vial was added 6-chloro-2-fluoro-3-(methoxymethoxy)-4-methylpyridine (110 mg, 0.535 mmol), (2-methylpyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (81 mg, 0.588 mmol), cesium carbonate (349 mg, 1.070 mmol), toluene (1 mL), and ethanol (0.200 mL). The solution was sparged with a stream of nitrogen for 5 min. Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (43.3 mg, 0.037 mmol) was added and the vial was sealed, purged of oxygen, and stirred under nitrogen at 85° C. overnight. The resulting suspension was vacuum filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (5-40% ethyl acetate/hexanes gradient elution) to afford 6-fluoro-5-(methoxymethoxy)-2′,4-dimethyl-2,4′-bipyridine (40 mg, 0.153 mmol, 29% yield) as a near colorless oil. LCMS (ESI) m/e 263.1 (M+H) + , calcd C 14 H 16 FN 2 O 2 , 263.1]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =0.80 min; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.59 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.61 (dd, J=5.3, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (s, 1H), 5.24 (d, J=1.0 Hz, 2H), 3.63 (s, 3H), 2.65 (s, 3H), 2.47 (s, 3H).

A solution of 6-fluoro-5-(methoxymethoxy)-2′,4-dimethyl-2,4′-bipyridine (40 mg, 0.153 mmol) in methanol (5 mL) and HCl (conc.) (0.05 mL, 0.600 mmol) was stirred at 65° C. for 1 h and then concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 6-fluoro-2′,4-dimethyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-ol (30 mg, 0.137 mmol, 90% yield) as a pale tan solid. Used without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 219.1 (M+H) + , calcd C 12 H 12 FN 2 O, 219.1]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =0.59 min.

Part G: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-fluoro-2′,4-dimethyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

A solution of 6-fluoro-2′,4-dimethyl[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-ol (30 mg, 0.137 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl 4-isobutyl-4-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (48.4 mg, 0.165 mmol), and cesium carbonate (134 mg, 0.412 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (1 mL) in a pressure rated vial was stirred at 80° C. overnight. The mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and filtered through a syringe tip filter. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-fluoro-2′,4-dimethyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (38.6 mg, 0.089 mmol, 65% crude yield) as a colorless oil that was used without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 432.2 (M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 35 FN 3 O 3 , 432.3]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.08 min.

A solution of (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-fluoro-2′,4-dimethyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (38 mg, 0.088 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) was treated with TFA (1 mL, 12.98 mmol) and stirred at ambient temperature overnight. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified via preparative LC/MS (Column: XBridge C18, 19×200 mm, 5-μm; Mobile Phase A: 5:95 acetonitrile: water with 10-mM ammonium acetate; Mobile Phase B: 95:5 acetonitrile: water with 10-mM ammonium acetate; Gradient: 20-60% B over 15 minutes, then a 5-minute hold at 100% B; Flow: 20 mL/min). Obtained (S)-1-((6-fluoro-2′,4-dimethyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (20 mg, 0.060 mmol, 68% crude yield) as a colorless oil that was used without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 332.3 (M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 27 FN 3 O, 332.2]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =0.64 min; 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.54 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 7.83 (s, 1H), 7.74 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 3.84-3.80 (m, 2H), 2.55 (s, 3H), 2.41 (s, 3H), 1.88-1.75 (m, 1H), 1.49-1.31 (m, 2H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 1.00-0.90 (m, 6H).

methyl (5-((3-isobutylazetidin-3-yl)methoxy)-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

A solution of 1-tert-butyl 3-methyl azetidine-1,3-dicarboxylate (5.0 g, 23.23 mmol) and 1-iodo-2-methylpropane (21.37 g, 116 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (100 mL) at −78° C. was treated dropwise with KHMDS (69.7 mL, 34.8 mmol). The solution was stirred at ambient temperature overnight. The resulting suspension was diluted with ethyl acetate (500 mL), washed with 0.5 N aqueous hydrochloric acid (2×100 mL), and brine (1×100 mL), dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified via silica gel chromatography purification (2-20% ethyl acetate/hexanes gradient elution) to afford 1-tert-butyl 3-methyl 3-isobutylazetidine-1,3-dicarboxylate (3.37 g, 12.42 mmol, 54% yield) as an amber oil. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 4.22 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 3.82-3.70 (m, 5H), 1.87 (d, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 1.63-1.51 (m, 1H), 1.45 (s, 9H), 0.89 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 6H).

A solution of 1-tert-butyl 3-methyl 3-isobutylazetidine-1,3-dicarboxylate (2.51 g, 9.25 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (40 mL) at ambient temperature was treated with lithium borohydride (0.403 g, 18.50 mmol) and stirred at 70° C. for 3 h. TLC indicated 50% consumption of starting material. The reaction mixture was treated with additional lithium borohydride (0.302 g, 13.97 mmol) and stirred for 1.5 h at 70° C. TLC indicated complete consumption of starting material. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C., quenched with 0.1N aqueous hydrochloric acid, and then diluted with ethyl acetate. The layers were separated and the aqueous extracted with ethyl acetate (2×). The pooled organics were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (10-80% ethyl acetate/hexanes gradient elution) to afford tert-butyl 3-isobutyl-3-(methoxymethyl)azetidine-1-carboxylate (2.07 g, 8.51 mmol, 92% yield) as a colorless oil. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 3.81-3.70 (m, 4H), 3.64 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 2H), 1.74 (tt, J=13.5, 6.7 Hz, 2H), 1.60 (d, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 1.46 (s, 9H), 0.91 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 6H).

A solution of tert-butyl 3-(hydroxymethyl)-3-isobutylazetidine-1-carboxylate (0.582 g, 2.392 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (4 mL) was charged to a pressure rated vial and treated dropwise with KOtBu (1M in THF) (2.392 mL, 2.392 mmol). After 5 minutes, 6-bromo-3-fluoro-2-methylpyridine (0.50 g, 2.63 mmol) in THF (2 mL) was added all at once. The vial was sealed and heated to 80° C. overnight. The mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate and brine. The layers were separated and the aqueous extracted with ethyl acetate (2×). The pooled organics were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified via silica gel chromatography to afford tert-butyl 3-(((6-bromo-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)-3-isobutylazetidine-1-carboxylate (50 mg, 0.121 mmol, 5% yield) as a near colorless oil. LCMS (ESI) m/e 313.0 (M-Boc+H) + , calcd C 14 H 22 BrN 2 O, 313.1]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =0.92 min.

Part D: tert-butyl 3-isobutyl-3-(((2′-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)methyl)azetidine-1-carboxylate

A solution of (2-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)pyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (50 mg, 0.255 mmol), tert-butyl 3-(((6-bromo-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)-3-isobutylazetidine-1-carboxylate (70.3 mg, 0.170 mmol), Pd(Ph 3 P) 4 (13.76 mg, 0.012 mmol), and cesium carbonate (111 mg, 0.340 mmol) in toluene (1 mL), and ethanol (0.1 mL) was charged to a pressure rated vial and sparged with a stream of nitrogen for 5 min. The vial was sealed, purged of oxygen, and stirred under nitrogen at 80° C. overnight. The mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (10-80% ethyl acetate/hexanes gradient elution) to afford tert-butyl 3-isobutyl-3-(((2′-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)methyl)azetidine-1-carboxylate (29 mg, 0.060 mmol, 35% yield) as a pale yellow film. LCMS (ESI) m/e 485.1 (M+H) + , calcd C 26 H 37 N 4 O 5 , 485.3]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.14 min.

Tert-butyl 3-isobutyl-3-4(2′-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)methyl)azetidine-1-carboxylate (29 mg, 0.060 mmol) and TFA (1 mL, 12.98 mmol) were stirred at ambient temperature for 3 h. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified via preparative HPLC (Column: XBridge C18, 19×200 mm, 5-μm; Mobile Phase A: 5:95 methanol: water with 10-mM ammonium acetate; Mobile Phase B: 95:5 methanol: water with 10-mM ammonium acetate; Gradient: 40-80% B over 40 minutes, then a 5-minute hold at 100% B; Flow: 20 mL/min). Obtained methyl (5-((3-isobutylazetidin-3-yl)methoxy)-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (11.5 mg, 0.030 mmol, 50% yield) as a colorless film. LCMS (ESI) m/e 385.1 (M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 29 N 4 O 3 , 385.3]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =0.76 min; 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.49 (s, 1H), 8.31 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.86 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.27 (s, 2H), 3.54-3.38 (m, 4H), 2.46 (s, 3H), 1.86 (m, 3H), 1.73-1.59 (m, 3H), 0.86 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 6H).

(S)-2-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-5-(6-methylpyridazin-4-yl)benzonitrile

To a 2 mL vial was added (6-methylpyridazin-4-yl)boronic acid (20.56 mg, 0.149 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-cyanophenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (42.3 mg, 0.106 mmol), and Na 2 CO 3 (0.160 mL, 0.319 mmol) in dioxane (0.5 mL) to give a colorless suspension under nitrogen. 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenepalladium(II) dichloride, toluene (4.38 mg, 5.32 μmol) was added under nitrogen. The vial was sealed and heated at 100° C. (bath: 108° C.) for 2 h. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc, dried with Na 2 SO 4 , and passed through a plug of Na 2 SO 4 . The organic solution was concentrated to afford the desired product (70 mg, 100% crude yield) as a tan oil, which was directly used in the next step. LCMS (ESI) m/e 411.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 23 H 31 N 4 O 3 , 411.2].

Prepared as previously described in Example 7, Part B to afford (S)-2-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-5-(6-methylpyridazin-4-yl)benzonitrile (20.8 mg, 63% for 2 steps) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.51 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.40 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.24 (dd, J=8.9, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.96 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 4.11 (dd, J=9.7, 5.1 Hz, 1H), 4.04 (dd, J=9.6, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 3.17 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 2.67 (s, 3H), 1.84 (p, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 1.38 (ddd, J=13.5, 8.3, 5.0 Hz, 1H), 1.30 (dq, J=13.9, 7.0, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 0.93 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.89 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 311.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 18 H 23 N 4 O, 311.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.46 min.

(S)-1-(2-(isoxazol-5-yl)-4-(quinolin-4-yl)phenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-amine

To a 15 mL vial was added (S)-tert-butyl (1-hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (204 mg, 0.939 mmol), Ph 3 P (320 mg, 1.220 mmol), and 4-bromo-2-(isoxazol-5-yl)phenol (225 mg, 0.939 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (3 mL) to give a tan solution. DIAD (0.256 mL, 1.314 mmol) was added at rt. The resultant clear tan solution was stirred at rt overnight for 18 h. The solution was concentrated to a dense oil and was directly purified by silica gel chromatography (up to 40% EtOAc/hexane) to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-(isoxazol-5-yl)phenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (319 mg, 77%) as a white solid: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.31 (s, 1H), 8.09 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (dd, J=9.1, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 2H), 4.60 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 4.19 (d, J=7.0 Hz, 1H), 4.02 (qd, J=9.2, 5.2 Hz, 2H), 1.75 (dq, J=13.6, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 1.46 (d, J=12.0 Hz, 11H), 0.98 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 6H).

Prepared as previously described in Example 109 to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-(isoxazol-5-yl)-4-(quinolin-4-yl)phenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate. LCMS (ESI) m/e 488.4 [(M+H) + , calcd C 29 H 34 N 3 O 4 , 488.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.27 min.

Prepared as previously described in Example 7, Part B to afford (S)-1-(2-(isoxazol-5-yl)-4-(quinolin-4-yl)phenoxy)-4-methylpentan-2-amine (12.9 mg, 44% for two steps): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.97 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.72 (d, J =1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.14 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 8.02 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.70 (dd, J=8.5, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.06 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 4.13 (dd, J=9.4, 4.9 Hz, 1H), 4.05 (dd, J=9.4, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 3.25 (dq, J=10.4, 5.6 Hz, 1H), 1.85 (dt, J=13.4, 7.5 Hz, 1H), 1.41 (ddd, J=13.4, 8.4, 4.7 Hz, 1H), 1.32 (ddd, J=13.8, 8.7, 5.6 Hz, 1H), 0.93 (dd, J=9.2, 6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 388.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 26 N 3 O 2 , 388.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.59 min.

(S)-4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2-methylnicotinic acid

To a vial was added methyl 4-chloro-2-methylnicotinate (52 mg, 0.280 mmol), hypodiboric acid (37.7 mg, 0.420 mmol), 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino))-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl (2.67 mg, 5.60 μmol), Xphos precatalyst (2.204 mg, 2.80 μmol) and potassium acetate (82 mg, 0.840 mmol) in ethanol (2.6 mL) to give a tan suspension (degassed before adding reagents). The vial was capped and heated at 80° C. for 1 h. LCMS showed conversion of the starting material to a new polar peak but with no parent ion. The mixture was directly used in the next step.

To a 20 mL vial was added (3-(methoxycarbonyl)-2-methylpyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (48.9 mg, 0.251 mmol) (previous reaction vessel) was added potassium phosphate tribasic (2.2 mL, 1.100 mmol). After degassing for 5 min, Xphos precatalyst (4.5 mg, 5.72 μmol) and (S)-1-(4-bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (33 mg, 0.084 mmol) and tetrahydrofuran (2.2 mL) were added. The vial was sealed and heated at 80° C. overnight for 18 h. Volatiles were blown off. The residue was partitioned between EtOAc and water. The organic layer was dried, filtered and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in MeOH and purified by prep-HPLC to afford (S)-4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2-methylnicotinic acid (18.8 mg, 53%): 1 H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.27 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.88 (s, 1H), 7.83 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 6.96 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 3.99-3.92 (m, 2H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 1.88-1.72 (m, 1H), 1.60-1.45 (m, 2H), 1.24 (s, 3H), 0.89 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 433.2 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 21 H 25 F 3 N 2 O 3 Na, 433.2]; LC/MS retention time (method C): t R =2.60 min.

(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-((dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Part A: (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-Boc-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-((dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

To a 2 mL vial was added crude (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-Boc-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-carbonylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate aldehyde (prepared as described in Example 32, Part G) (10.68 mg, 0.022 mmol) in CH 2 Cl 2 (0.5 mL) to give a tan solution. Dimethylamine (0.110 mL, 0.220 mmol) (2.0 M in THF, excess) was added, followed by sodium triacetoxyborohydride (0.019 g, 0.088 mmol). The mixture was stirred at rt overnight for 16 h. LCMS showed complete conversion to the desired product (M+H=515.2). The mixture was partitioned between water and EtOAc. The layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried and concentrated. The tan residue was directly carried onto next reaction.

Part B: (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-((dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as previously described in Example 7, Part B to afford (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-((dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (5.5 mg, 60% for three steps): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.28 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.64 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 7.12 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.83 (s, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.51 (s, 2H), 2.20 (s, 6H), 1.81 (dt, J=12.6, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.46 (qd, J=14.0, 5.6 Hz, 2H), 1.19 (s, 3H), 0.94 (t, J=6.1 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 415.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 23 H 35 N 4 O 3 , 415.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.43 min.

(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

To a 5 mL vial was added (S)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (120 mg, 0.915 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (1.2 mL) to give a colorless solution. Potassium tert-butoxide (1.097 mL, 1.097 mmol) (1.0 M in THF) was added dropwise under nitrogen. After 5 min, 4-bromo-1-fluoro-2-(methylsulfonyl)benzene (243 mg, 0.960 mmol) was added in one portion. The bottle was sealed and the mixture was stirred at 70° C. for 18 h. The mixture was partitioned between water and EtOAc. The layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic solution was washed with brine, dried and concentrated to a red oil (313 mg, 94%): 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.10 (d, J=2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.69 (dd, J=8.8, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.94 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.90 (q, J=8.5 Hz, 2H), 3.24 (s, 3H), 1.90-1.75 (m, 1H), 1.52 (dd, J=5.7, 3.5 Hz, 2H), 1.28 (s, 3H), 1.01 (dd, J=10.6, 6.7 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 363.9 [(M+H) + , calcd C 14 H 23 BrNO 3 S, 364.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.64 min.

Part B: (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2, 4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as previously described in Example 109 to afford (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (25.6 mg, 75%): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.34 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.14 (s, 1H), 8.12-8.03 (m, 2H), 7.45 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 3.97 (s, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 1.83 (dt, J=12.2, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 1.49-1.37 (m, 2H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 0.94 (dd, J=8.7, 6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 436.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 30 N 3 O 5 S, 436.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.52 min.

The mixture of (S)-1-(2-(difluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (18.40 mg, 0.048 mmol), 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenepalladium(II) dichloride, dichloromethane complex (2.74 mg, 3.36 μmol), Na 2 CO 3 (0.096 mL, 0.192 mmol) and 4-chloro-6-fluoroquinoline (8.72 mg, 0.048 mmol) in dioxane (0.5 mL) (degassed) (previous vial) was heated at 120° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in MeOH and purified by prep-HPLC to afford (S)-1-(2-(difluoromethyl)-4-(6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (6.7 mg, 35% for two steps): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.95 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 8.20 (dd, J=9.2, 5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (ddd, J=13.0, 8.0, 3.4 Hz, 2H), 7.68 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (d, J =4.4 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (dd, J=10.3, 2.9 Hz, 1H), 7.44-7.17 (m, 2H), 3.61 (s, 2H), 1.82 (dq, J=12.8, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.50-1.37 (m, 2H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 0.95 (dd, J=10.2, 6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 403.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 23 H 26 F 3 N 2 O, 403.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.78 min.

(S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-6-(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

To a 100 mL round-bottomed flask was added 6-bromo-3-fluoropicolinaldehyde (459.8 mg, 2.254 mmol) in CH 2 Cl 2 (10 mL) to give a tan solution. After cooling to −20° C., DAST (0.596 mL, 4.51 mmol) was added dropwise under nitrogen. The mixture was gradually warmed up to rt. The mixture was stirred at rt for 3 h. TLC (3/1 hexane/EtOAc) showed complete conversion to a less polar spot. The reaction was slowly quenched by saturated NaHCO 3 solution and diluted with ether. The layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with water, brine, dried and concentrated to 6-bromo-2-(difluoromethyl)-3-fluoropyridine (509 mg, 100%) as a tan solid: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.65 (ddt, J=8.6, 3.5, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (t, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (t, J=53.4 Hz, 1H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-116.97, −127.89.

To a 5 mL pressure bottle was added (S)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (140 mg, 1.067 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (1.3 mL) to give a colorless solution. Potassium tert-butoxide (1.280 mL, 1.280 mmol) (1.0 M in THF) was added dropwise under nitrogen. After 5 min, 6-bromo-2-(difluoromethyl)-3-fluoropyridine (241 mg, 1.067 mmol) was added in one portion. The bottle was sealed and the mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 18 h. The mixture was partitioned between water and EtOAc. The layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic solution was washed with brine, dried and concentrated to a tan oil (338 mg, 94%): 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.54 (dt, J=9.0, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (t, J=53.9 Hz, 1H), 3.79 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 2H), 1.80 (dtd, J=13.3, 6.7, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 1.54 (s, 2H), 1.52-1.47 (m, 2H), 1.25 (s, 3H), 1.00 (dd, J=8.3, 6.6 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-117.98.; LCMS (ESI) m/e 336.9 [(M+H) + , calcd C 13 H 20 BrF 2 N 2 O, 337.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.67 min.

Part C: (S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-6-(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

To a 2 mL vial was added (S)-1-((6-bromo-2-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (28.4 mg, 0.084 mmol), (2-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)pyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (41.3 mg, 0.211 mmol), and Na 2 CO 3 (0.126 mL, 0.253 mmol) in dioxane (0.6 mL) to give a colorless suspension under nitrogen. 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenepalladium(II) dichloride, toluene (3.46 mg, 4.21 μmol) was added under nitrogen. The vial was sealed and heated at 100° C. (bath temp: 110° C.) for 3 h. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc and passed through a plug of Na 2 SO 4 . The organic solution was concentrated. The residue was purified twice by prep-HPLC to afford (S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-6-(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (12.6 mg, 37%): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.50 (s, 1H), 8.36 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.17 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (dd, J=5.1, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (t, J =53.6 Hz, 1H), 3.88 (s, 2H), 3.52 (s, 3H), 1.86-1.73 (m, 1H), 1.47-1.33 (m, 2H), 1.13 (s, 3H), 0.93 (dd, J=10.0, 6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 409.0 (M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 27 F 2 N 4 O 3 , 409.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.66 min.

To a 100 mL round-bottomed flask was added 2-bromo-5-fluoroisonicotinaldehyde (605 mg, 2.97 mmol) in CH 2 Cl 2 (12 mL) to give a tan solution. After cooling to −20° C., DAST (0.705 mL, 5.34 mmol) was added dropwise under nitrogen. The mixture was gradually warmed up to rt. The mixture was stirred at rt for 3 h. TLC (3/1 hexane/EtOAc) showed complete conversion to a less polar spot. The reaction was slowly quenched by saturated NaHCO3 solution and diluted with ether. The layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with water, brine, dried and concentrated to afford 2-bromo-4-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoropyridine (639 mg, 95%) as a tan oil: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.39 (q, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.77-7.68 (m, 1H), 6.86 (t, J=54.0 Hz, 1H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-117.92, −135.51.

To a 20 mL pressure bottle was added (S)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (146 mg, 1.113 mmol) and 2-bromo-4-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoropyridine (251 mg, 1.113 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (1.5 mL) to give a tan solution. Potassium tert-butoxide (1.335 mL, 1.335 mmol) (1.0 M in THF) was added dropwise under nitrogen. After 5 min stirring at rt, the bottle was sealed and the mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 18 h. The mixture was partitioned between water and EtOAc. The layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic solution was washed with brine, dried and concentrated to a tan oil (361 mg, 96%): 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.13 (s, 1H), 7.62 (s, 1H), 6.85 (t, J=54.4 Hz, 1H), 3.87 (s, 2H), 1.80 (dtd, J=13.2, 6.7, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 1.61-1.50 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.47 (m, 2H), 1.24 (s, 3H), 1.00 (dd, J=7.4, 6.7 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-119.58; LCMS (ESI) m/e 336.9 [(M+H) + , calcd C 13 H 20 BrF 2 N 2 O, 337.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.79 min.

Part C: (S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-4-(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as described in Example 117 to afford (S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-4-(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (2.5 mg, 0.006 mmol, 6% yield for three steps): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.36 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.08 (s, 1H), 7.71 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (t, J=53.9 Hz, 1H), 4.12 (s, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 1.82 (dt, J=12.9, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.53 (dd, J=14.2, 5.3 Hz, 1H), 1.46 (dd, J=14.2, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 1.22 (s, 3H), 0.95 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.91 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 408.9 (M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 27 F 2 N 4 O 3 , 409.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.66 min.

To a 20 mL vial was added 4-chloro-2-(difluoromethyl)pyridine hydrochloride (180 mg, 0.900 mmol), hypodiboric acid (121 mg, 1.350 mmol), 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino))-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl (8.58 mg, 0.018 mmol), Xphos precatalyst (7.08 mg, 9.00 μmol) and potassium acetate (265 mg, 2.70 mmol) in ethanol (8.5 mL) to give a tan suspension (degassed before adding agents). The bottle was capped and heated at 80° C. for 1.5 h. LCMS showed the consumption of the starting material and formation of a new spot: (2-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl)boronic acid. The mixture was divided into parts and directly used in the next step of different reactions.

To a 5 mL vial was added (2-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (25.9 mg, 0.15 mmol) was added potassium phosphate tribasic (1 mL, 0.500 mmol). After degassing for 5 min, Xphos precatalyst (4 mg, 5.08 μmol) and (S)-1-((6-bromo-2-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (26.5 mg, 0.079 mmol) and tetrahydrofuran (1 mL) were added. The vial was sealed and heated at 80° C. overnight for 18 h. Volatiles were blown off. The residue was partitioned between EtOAc and water. The organic layer was dried, filtered and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in MeOH and purified by prep-HPLC to afford (S)-1-((2′,6-bis(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (29.8 mg, 98%) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.79 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.40 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 8.21 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (t, J=53.5 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (t, J=54.9 Hz, 1H), 3.96 (s, 2H), 3.46 (s, 2H), 1.80 (dp, J=12.5, 6.7, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 1.45 (qd, J=14.1, 5.6 Hz, 2H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 0.92 (dd, J=13.6, 6.6 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ-115.43 (d, J=55.2 Hz), −117.78-−119.55 (m); LCMS (EST) m/e 386.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 24 F 4 N 3 O, 386.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.85 min.

(S)-1-((2′,4-bis(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Prepared as described in Example 123 to afford (S)-1-((2′,4-bis(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (25.9 mg, 0.067 mmol, 77% yield) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.79 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.36 (s, 1H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 8.25 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.35 (t, J=53.9 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (t, J=54.9 Hz, 1H), 4.03 (s, 2H), 1.81 (dt, J=12.8, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.48-1.33 (m, 2H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 0.93 (dd, J=12.3, 6.6 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ-115.44 (d, J=54.7 Hz), −116.34-−119.67 (m); LCMS (ESI) m/e 386.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 24 F 4 N 3 O, 386.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.83 min.

(S)-1-((2′-(difluoromethyl)-4-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′-(difluoromethyl)-4-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as described in Example 123 to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′-(difluoromethyl)-4-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (38.5 mg, 0.086 mmol, 80% yield) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.71 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.31 (s, 1H), 8.18 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.98 (dd, J=5.2, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.66 (s, 1H), 6.72 (t, J=55.5 Hz, 1H), 4.63 (s, 1H), 4.32 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 2.36 (s, 3H), 1.96-1.77 (m, 2H), 1.65-1.54 (m, 1H), 1.44 (s, 3H), 1.42 (s, 9H), 1.01 (dd, J=6.6, 3.5 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-115.81; LCMS (ESI) m/e 450.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 34 F 2 N 3 O 3 , 450.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.31 min.

Prepared as previously described in Example 7, Part B (34.9 mg, 100%): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.76 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.42 (s, 1H), 8.31 (s, 1H), 8.22-8.15 (m, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.03 (t, J=55.0 Hz, 1H), 4.13-4.00 (m, 2H), 2.36 (s, 3H), 1.83 (dp, J=12.7, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.60 (dd, J=14.1, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 1.52 (dd, J=14.1, 5.6 Hz, 1H), 1.27 (s, 3H), 0.95 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.92 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ-115.37 (d, J=54.8 Hz); LCMS (ESI) m/e 350.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 26 F 2 N 3 O, 350.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.80 min.

(S)-1-(2-cyclopropyl-4-(2-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-cyclopropyl-4-(2-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as described in Example 123 to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-cyclopropyl-4-(2-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (31.4 mg, 0.066 mmol, 79% yield) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.65 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.79 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (dd, J =5.2, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (dd, J=8.4, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (d, J =8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.71 (t, J=55.5 Hz, 1H), 4.73 (s, 1H), 4.21 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.05 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 2.19 (tt, J=8.6, 5.4 Hz, 1H), 1.87 (ddt, J=13.1, 11.4, 6.8 Hz, 2H), 1.72-1.62 (m, 1H), 1.47 (s, 3H), 1.43 (s, 9H), 1.01 (dt, J=5.5, 2.7 Hz, 8H), 0.74 (td, J=5.7, 4.0 Hz, 2H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-115.77; LCMS (ESI) m/e 475.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 27 H 37 F 2 N 2 O 3 , 475.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.48 min.

Prepared as previously described in Example 7, Part B (25.8 mg, 100%) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.66 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (s, 1H), 7.86 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.66 (dd, J=8.6, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.11-6.84 (m, 2H), 3.90-3.79 (m, 2H), 2.26 (td, J=8.5, 4.2 Hz, 1H), 1.82 (hept, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.50 (qd, J=14.1, 5.6 Hz, 2H), 1.21 (s, 3H), 0.98-0.88 (m, 8H), 0.86-0.73 (m, 2H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ-115.05 (d, J=54.9 Hz); LCMS (ESI) m/e 375.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 29 F 2 N 2 O, 375.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.97 min.

Prepared as previously described in Example 127. Obtained 5,7-difluoro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)quinoline which was divided into parts and used directly in the next step. LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.93 min.

Part B: (S)-1-((4-(difluoromethyl)-6-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Prepared as previously described in Example 121 to afford (S)-1-((4-(difluoromethyl)-6-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (14.7 mg, 49% for 2 steps) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.04 (d, J=4.7 Hz, 1H), 8.62 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.80 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (qd, J=8.5, 7.9, 4.9 Hz, 2H), 7.36 (t, J=53.9 Hz, 1H), 4.01 (s, 2H), 1.82 (q, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.43 (qd, J=14.0, 5.9 Hz, 2H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 0.94 (dd, J=14.6, 6.7 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ-102.43 (d, J=9.6 Hz), −107.91 (d, J=9.0 Hz), −116.03-−119.87 (m); LCMS (ESI) m/e 422.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 24 F 4 N 3 O, 422.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.88 min.

(S)-1-((4-(difluoromethyl)-6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Prepared as previously described in Example 127. Obtained 7-fluoro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)quinoline which was divided into parts and used directly in the next step. LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.19 min.

Part B: (S)-1-((4-(difluoromethyl)-6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Prepared as previously described in Example 121 to afford (S)-1-((4-(difluoromethyl)-6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (11.1 mg, 39% for 2 steps) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.02 (d, J=4.3 Hz, 1H), 8.77 (s, 1H), 8.30 (ddd, J=9.0, 6.3, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (s, 1H), 7.86 (dd, J=10.2, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (d, J=4.3 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (td, J=8.8, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (t, J=53.9 Hz, 1H), 4.05 (s, 2H), 1.83 (p, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.43 (qd, J=14.0, 5.4 Hz, 2H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 0.95 (ddd, J=13.9, 6.8, 2.1 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ-110.25, −115.90-−119.14 (m); LCMS (ESI) m/e 404.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 25 F 3 N 3 O, 404.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.78 min.

Prepared as previously described in Example 7, Part B to afford (S)-1-((2-chloro-6-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (10.6 mg, 100%) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.97 (d, J=4.3 Hz, 1H), 7.77-7.62 (m, 1H), 7.40 (d, J=4.3 Hz, 1H), 7.38-7.34 (m, 1H), 7.33-7.28 (m, 1H), 7.05 (ddd, J=11.6, 8.8, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 3.93-3.84 (m, 2H), 1.92-1.73 (m, 1H), 1.66-1.50 (m, 2H), 1.32 (s, 3H), 1.04 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.02 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), two exchangeable protons not observed; 19 F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ-101.38-−103.03 (m), −105.03-−107.99 (m); LCMS (ESI) m/e 405.9 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 23 ClF 2 N 3 O, 406.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.84 min.

(S)-1-42-chloro-6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2-chloro-6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as previously described in Example 66. The intermediates were as described in Example 66 and Example 131 to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2-chloro-6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (12.4 mg, 36%) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.98 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 8.24 (dd, J=9.4, 6.1 Hz, 1H), 7.81 (dd, J=9.9, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.49-7.43 (m, 2H), 7.37 (ddd, J=9.3, 8.0, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 4.64 (s, 1H), 4.41 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 4.21 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 2.01-1.82 (m, 2H), 1.58 (dd, J=13.9, 5.0 Hz, 1H), 1.48 (s, 3H), 1.42 (s, 9H), 1.05 (s, 3H), 1.03 (s, 3H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-109.85; LCMS (ESI) m/e 488.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 26 H 32 ClFN 3 O 3 , 488.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.28 min.

Prepared as previously described in Example 7, Part B to afford (S)-1-((2-chloro-6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (11.1 mg, 100%) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.01 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.32 (dd, J=9.4, 6.1 Hz, 1H), 7.88-7.77 (m, 3H), 7.63 (d, J=4.2 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (td, J=8.8, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 3.98-3.89 (m, 2H), 1.85 (dq, J=12.8, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.50-1.40 (m, 2H), 1.18 (s, 3H), 0.95 (dd, J=7.5, 5.4 Hz, 6H); 19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ-110.18; LCMS (ESI) m/e 388.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 24 ClFN 3 O, 388.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.76 min.

(S)-1-((6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

To a 20 mL pressure bottle was added (S)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (214.8 mg, 1.637 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (2.2 mL) to give a colorless solution. Potassium tert-butoxide (2.128 mL, 2.128 mmol) (1.0 M in THF) was added dropwise under nitrogen. After 5 min, 6-bromo-3-fluoro-2-methylpyridine (311 mg, 1.637 mmol) was added in one portion. The bottle was sealed and the mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 20 h. The mixture was partitioned between water and EtOAc. The layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic solution was washed with brine, dried and concentrated to a tan oil. It was purified by silica gel chromatography up to 10% MeOH (2N NH 3 ) in CH 2 Cl 2 to afford (S)-1-((6-bromo-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (220 mg, 45% with one unknown impurity-likely substitution at Br). LCMS (ESI) m/e 283.9 [(M−NH 2 ) + , calcd C 13 H 19 BrNO, 284.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.70 min (impurity: 1.81 min).

Part B: (S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-((2-methyl-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)pentan-2-amine

To a 5 mL vial was added (S)-1-((6-bromo-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (89.5 mg, 0.267 mmol), 4,4,4′,4′,5,5,5′,5′-octamethyl-2,2′-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (81 mg, 0.321 mmol), and potassium acetate (79 mg, 0.802 mmol) in dioxane (2.8 mL) to give a colorless suspension with nitrogen bubbling. PdCl 2 (dppf) (5.87 mg, 8.02 μmol) was added under nitrogen. The vial was sealed and the mixture was heated at 80° C. for 18 h. LCMS showed there was substantial amount of starting material. The reaction mixture was heated at 100° C. for 4 h. LCMS showed the majority of starting material was gone (the side product from previous reaction remained). It was divided into parts and used directly in the next step.

Prepared as previously described in Example 132 to afford (S)-1-((6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (1.0 mg, 3%) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.99 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 8.37 (dd, J=9.3, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 7.84 (dd, J=10.4, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.62-7.54 (m, 3H), 3.98 (s, 2H), 2.57 (s, 3H), 1.90-1.80 (m, 1H), 1.61 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 1.53 (dd, J=14.0, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 1.30 (s, 3H), 0.98 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.96 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 3H). LCMS (ESI) m/e 368.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 27 FN 3 O, 368.2].

To a 20 mL pressure vial was added (S)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (323 mg, 2.462 mmol) and 2-bromo-5-fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (601 mg, 2.462 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (3.3 mL) to give a tan solution. Potassium tert-butoxide (2.95 mL, 2.95 mmol) (1.0 M in THF) was added dropwise under nitrogen. After 5 min stirring at rt, the vial was sealed and the mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 18 h. The mixture was partitioned between water and EtOAc. The layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic solution was washed with brine, dried and concentrated to a tan oil. The crude was purified by silica gel chromatography up to 10% MeOH/CH 2 Cl 2 to afford (S)-1-((6-bromo-4-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (0.42 g, 48%) as a tan oil: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.19 (s, 1H), 7.64 (s, 1H), 3.95-3.86 (m, 2H), 1.80 (dt, J=12.8, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.65 (s, 2H), 1.50 (dd, J=5.7, 4.0 Hz, 2H), 1.25 (s, 3H), 0.99 (dd, J=9.1, 6.6 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-64.37; LCMS (ESI) m/e 338.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 13 H 16 BrF 3 NO, 338.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.88 min.

Prepared as described in Example 117 to afford (S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-((2′-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)pentan-2-amine (25.2 mg, 0.066 mmol, 61% yield): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.79 (s, 1H), 8.55 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H), 7.96 (s, 1H), 7.87 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 4.05 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 2H), 2.56 (s, 3H), 1.81 (dt, J=12.6, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 1.45-1.33 (m, 2H), 1.12 (s, 3H), 0.92 (dd, J=6.6, 3.0 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 368.2 (M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 25 F 3 N 3 O, 368.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.48 min.

To a 500 mL round-bottomed flask was added 2-methylpyridin-3-ol (4.0 g, 36.7 mmol) and Na 2 CO 3 (7.8 g, 73.6 mmol) in water (100 mL) to give a slightly tan solution/suspension. I 2 (9.6 g, 37.8 mmol) was added in one portion. The mixture was stirred at rt for 3 h. There were noticeable I 2 left. The mixture was stirred overnight and there was still I 2 left. The reaction mixture was heated at 42° C. (bath temp) for 5 h (most I 2 disappeared). The reaction was slowly neutralized with 1N HCl (150 mL) to pH˜5. Precipitate was collected by filtration, rinsed with water, aqueous sodium bisulfite solution, and dried under vacuum to yield a yellowish gray powder (7 g). The solids were purified by silica gel chromatography up to 30% EtOAc/hexane to afford 6-iodo-2-methylpyridin-3-ol (4.58 g, 53%) as a light yellow solid: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.42 (dd, J=8.3, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 2.48 (s, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 235.8 [(M+H) + , calcd C 6 H 7 INO, 236.0]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.14 min.

Prepared as previously described in Example 32 to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-iodo-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2 yl)carbamate (528 mg, 100%) as a tan oil: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.46 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.83 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.53 (s, 1H), 4.14 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 3.96 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 2.46 (s, 3H), 1.83 (tdt, J=13.2, 11.6, 6.5 Hz, 2H), 1.53 (d, J=4.7 Hz, 1H), 1.40 (s, 9H), 1.39 (s, 3H), 1.00 (d, J=3.0 Hz, 3H), 0.98 (d, J=3.0 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 448.9 [(M+H) + , calcd C 18 H 30 IN 2 O 3 , 449.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.38 min.

Part C: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′-chloro-3′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as previously described in Example 66 to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′-chloro-3′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (18.9 mg, 17%): LCMS (ESI) m/e 452.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 23 H 32 ClFN 3 O 3 , 452.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.46 min.

Part D: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′-amino-3′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

To a 20 mL pressure vial was added (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′-chloro-3′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (18.9 mg, 0.042 mmol), and methyl carbamate (4.39 mg, 0.059 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.4 mL) to give a colorless solution. While degassing, PdOAc 2 (0.939 mg, 4.18 μmol), XANTPHOS (4.84 mg, 8.36 μmol), Cs 2 CO 3 (20.44 mg, 0.063 mmol) were added. The vial was sealed under nitrogen and heated at 90° C. for 20 h. LCMS showed partial conversion but the carbamate was completely hydrolyzed. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc, dried, filtered, and concentrated. The residue (containing a mixture of the starting material chloride and the hydrolyzed amine product) was directly used in the next step. The amine: LCMS (ESI) m/e 433.3 (M+H) + , calcd C 23 H 34 FN 4 O 3 , 433.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.99 min; The chloride: LCMS (ESI) m/e 452.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 23 H 32 ClFN 3 O 3 , 452.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.48 min.

Prepared as previously described in Example 7, Part B to afford a mixture of the amine and chloride. The mixture was purified by prep-HPLC to afford (S)-5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-amine (4.3 mg, 31% for 2 steps): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 7.79 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.69 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (t, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 6.22 (s, 2H), 3.86 (s, 2H), 2.50 (s, 3H), 1.81 (dq, J=12.8, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.56-1.42 (m, 2H), 1.21 (s, 3H), 0.94 (dd, J=10.3, 6.7 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 333.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 18 H 26 FN 4 O, 333.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.48 min.

(S)-1-((2′-chloro-3′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′-amino-3′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Obtained as a mixture with the amine from Example 153, Part D. LCMS (ESI) m/e 452.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 23 H 32 ClFN 3 O 3 , 452.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.48 min.

The crude mixture from Example 153, Part D was deprotected as previously described in Example 7, Part B to afford a mixture of the amine and chloride. The mixture was separated and purified by prep-HPLC to afford (S)-1-((2′-chloro-3′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine: (2.6 mg, 17% for 2 steps): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.33 (d, J=5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (t, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 3.83 (s, 2H), 2.51 (s, 3H—OCH 3 protons under DMSO peak—predicted shift=2.47 ppm), 1.82 (p, J=6.2 Hz, 1H), 1.53-1.38 (m, 2H), 1.18 (s, 3H), 0.94 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 335.1 [(M−NH 2 ) + , calcd C 18 H 21 ClFN 2 O, 335.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.91 min.

(S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimehtylpentyl)oxy)-5′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′-chloro-5′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as previously described in Example 66 with intermediate from Example 153 and (2-chloro-5-fluoro-pyridin-4yl)boronic acid to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′-chloro-5′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (13.4 mg, 13%): LCMS (ESI) m/e 452.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 23 H 32 ClFN 3 O 3 , 452.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.49 min.

Part B: (S)-methyl (5-((2-Boc-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as previously described in Example 153 to afford (S)-methyl (5-((2-Boc-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (no carbamate hydrolysis observed) contaminated with left over starting material ((S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′-chloro-5′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate). The crude mixture was carried on without further purification. Carbamate: LCMS (ESI) m/e 491.2 (M+H) + , calcd C 25 H 36 FN 4 O 5 , 491.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.30 min.

Part C: (S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5′-fluoro-6-methyl]2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as previously described in Example 7, Part B. The crude mixture was separated and purified by prep-HPLC to afford (S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (0.3 mg, 2.5% for 2 steps) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d 4 ) δ 8.45 (d, J =5.9 Hz, 1H), 8.21 (d, J=2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.79-7.73 (m, 1H), 7.46 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 4.07-3.96 (m, 2H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 2.61 (s, 3H), 1.87 (dt, J=12.5, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.73 (dd, J=14.3, 5.6 Hz, 1H), 1.62 (dd, J=14.2, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 1.39 (s, 3H), 1.04 (dd, J=10.9, 6.6 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 391.4 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 28 FN 4 O 3 , 391.2].

(S)-1-((2′-chloro-5′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Recovered from mixture obtained in Example 155, Part C. The mixture was separated and purified by prep-HPLC to afford (S)-1-((2′-chloro-5′-fluoro-6-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (5.2 mg, 49% for 2 steps) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.54 (d, J=2.6 Hz, 1H), 8.03 (d, J =5.5 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 3.81 (s, 2H), 2.51 (s, 3H—OCH 3 protons under DMSO peak—predicted shift=2.47 ppm), 1.81 (dq, J=12.6, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.49-1.36 (m, 2H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 0.93 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) mile 335.1 [(M−NH 2 ) + , calcd C 18 H 21 ClFN 2 O, 335.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.93 min.

Prepared as previously described in Example 7 to afford ((S)-1-((6-chloro-2′-(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (40.6 mg, 74%): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.77 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.22 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H), 8.13 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.72 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.01 (t, J=55.0 Hz, 1H), 3.92 (s, 2H), 1.79 (dt, J=12.5, 6.6 Hz, 1H), 1.44 (qd, J=14.1, 5.5 Hz, 2H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 0.91 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ-115.46 (d, J=55.0 Hz); LCMS (ESI) m/e 392.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 18 H 22 ClF 2 N 3 NaO, 392.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.94 min.

Prepared as previously described in Example 144 with R-enantiomer of the amino alcohol to afford (R)-1-((6-bromo-4-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (0.58 g, 97%) as a tan oil: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.19 (s, 1H), 7.64 (s, 1H), 3.97-3.83 (m, 2H), 1.85-1.73 (m, 1H), 1.49 (dd, J=5.7, 4.0 Hz, 2H), 1.24 (s, 3H), 0.99 (dd, J=9.3, 6.6 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-64.39; LCMS (ESI) m/e 338.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 13 H 16 BrF 3 NO, 338.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.87 min.

Prepared as described in Example 144 to afford (R)-2,4-dimethyl-1-((2′-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)pentan-2-amine (7.6 mg, 0.020 mmol, 23% yield): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.79 (s, 1H), 8.55 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.29 (s, 1H), 7.97 (s, 1H), 7.88 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 4.11-4.02 (m, 2H), 2.56 (s, 3H), 1.81 (dt, J=12.9, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.40 (dd, J=5.6, 2.8 Hz, 2H), 1.13 (s, 3H), 0.92 (dd, J=6.6, 3.2 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 368.2 (M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 25 F 3 N 3 O, 368.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.44 min.

Prepared as previously described in Example 142 with R-enantiomer of the amino alcohol to afford (R)-1-((6-bromo-4-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (740 mg, 95%): LCMS (ESI) m/e 336.9 [(M+H) + , calcd C 13 H 20 BrF 2 N 2 O, 337.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.83 min. The material was used as is.

Prepared as previously described in Example 142 with intermediate as described above and (2-chloro-3-fluoro-pyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (6.7 mg, 11%): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.76 (s, 1H), 8.38 (d, J=5.0 Hz, 1H), 8.06 (s, 1H), 7.97 (t, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (t, J=53.9 Hz, 1H), 4.05 (s, 2H), 1.81 (dt, J=12.9, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.42 (tt, J=14.1, 6.8 Hz, 2H), 1.15 (d, J=3.5 Hz, 3H), 0.94 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.91 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 371.1 [(M−NH 2 ) + , calcd C 18 H 19 ClF 3 N 2 O, 371.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.02 min.

To a 500 mL round-bottomed flask was added AD-MIX-ALPHA (3.60 g, 2.60 mmol) in BuOH (13 mL) and water (13 mL) to give a yellow solution under vigorously stirring. The resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 30 min and then cooled to 0° C. A precipitate appeared and 2,4-dimethylpent-1-ene (0.364 mL, 2.60 mmol) was added in one portion. The resulting mixture was stirred vigorously at 0° C. for 6 h and 3.86 g (30.6 mmol) of sodium sulfite was added. The mixture was allowed to warm to rt and was stirred for 30 min. CH 2 Cl 2 (40 mL) and water (80 mL) was then added successively and the layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with CH 2 Cl 2 . The combined organic phase was dried, filtered, and concentrated to afford (S)-2,4-dimethylpentane-1,2-diol (308 mg, 90%) as a colorless oil: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 3.52-3.38 (m, 2H), 1.85-1.79 (m, 1H), 1.42 (dd, J=6.0, 2.0 Hz, 2H), 1.22 (s, 3H), 0.99 (dd, J=11.7, 6.6 Hz, 6H). Reference: S. J. Leiris et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2010, 18, 3481-3493.

To a 20 mL pressure bottle was added (S)-2,4-dimethylpentane-1,2-diol (125 mg, 0.946 mmol) and 2-bromo-4-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoropyridine (214 mg, 0.946 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (1.3 mL) to give a tan solution. Potassium tert-butoxide (1.229 mL, 1.229 mmol) (1.0 M in THF) was added dropwise under nitrogen. After 5 min stirring at rt, the bottle was sealed and the mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 18 h. The mixture was partitioned between water and EtOAc. The layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic solution was washed with brine, dried and concentrated to afford (S)-1-((6-bromo-4-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-ol (300 mg, 94%) as a tan oil. The material was used as is. LCMS (ESI) m/e 338.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 13 H 19 BrF 2 NO 2 , 338.0]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.30 min.

Prepared as previously described in Example 117 to afford (S)-1-((4-(difluoromethyl)-6-(quinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-ol (3.6 mg, 14%): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.00 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.80 (s, 1H), 8.18 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 8.13 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.87 (s, 1H), 7.82 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.69-7.61 (m, 2H), 7.35 (s, 1H), 4.09 (q, J=9.2 Hz, 2H), 1.86 (dt, J=12.7, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.50 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 2H), 1.27 (s, 3H), 0.96 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 387.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 25 F 2 N 2 O 2 , 387.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.06 min.

To a 250 mL round-bottomed flask was added O-benzylhydroxylamine (1.5338 g, 12.45 mmol) and sodium 3-fluoro-2-oxopropanoate (1.595 g, 12.45 mmol) in ethanol (36 mL) to give a white suspension. The mixture was heated at 80° C. for 15 h. The ethanol was stripped off. The off-white solid was dissolved in EtOAc and 15 mL 1N HCl. The layer was separated. The aqueous layer was extracted three time with EtOAc. The combined organic solution was dried and concentrated to afford (E/Z)-2-((benzyloxy)imino)-3-fluoropropanoic acid (2.51 g, 96%) as a tan solid. LCMS indicated likely E/Z isomers (about 1/4 ratio). The material was used as is.

To a 250 mL round-bottomed flask was added (E/Z)-2-((benzyloxy)imino)-3-fluoropropanoic acid (2.32 g, 10.99 mmol) and 3-bromo-2-methylpropene (4.43 mL, 43.9 mmol) in THF (10.00 mL) and aqueous NH 4 Cl (50 mL) to give a tan solution. Zinc (3.59 g, 54.9 mmol) was added portionwise. The mixture was stirred at rt for 30 min. The mixture was diluted with water and EtOAc. The layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried and concentrated to a dense semi-solid. First silica gel chromatography up to 50% EtOAc/hexane did not purify the desired product and the 2nd silica gel chromatography up to 10% MeOH/CH 2 Cl 2 (Rf˜0.3) afforded 2-((benzyloxy)amino)-2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpent-4-enoic acid (2.33 g, 76%) as a white solid: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.44-7.31 (m, 5H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 4.98 (p, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 4.88 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 4.87-4.61 (m, 4H), 2.40 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 2H), 1.77 (s, 3H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-233.34; LCMS (ESI) m/e 290.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 14 H 18 FNNaO 3 , 290.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.04 min.

The racmeic compound (2 g) was separated by chiral super critical fluid chromatography (Column: ChiralPak AD-H, 30×250mm, 5 m); Mobile Phase: 10% EtOH/90% CO 2 to give the two enantiomers.

Analytical super critical fluid chromatography conditions: Column: ChiralPak AD-H, 4.6×250 mm, 5 μm; BPR pressure: 100 bars; Temperature: 35° C.; Flow rate: 2.0 mL/min; Mobile Phase: 20% EtOH/80% CO 2 ; Detector Wavelength: UV 205 nm.

Enantiomer 1 (0.9 g, 90% recovery, e.e.%>99.9%, α D =+7.87° (CHCl 3 , 3.05 mg/ml)): (S)-benzyl 4-methyl-4-(2-methylallyl)-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide HPLC retention time=3.00 min.

Enantiomer 2 (0.9 g, 90% recovery, e.e.%=92.6%, α d =−9.20° (CHCl 3 , 3.15 mg/ml)): (R)-benzyl 4-methyl-4-(2-methylallyl)-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide HPLC retention time=3.52 min.

The absolute structures were assigned based on the comparison of the optical rotations of the free amino alcohol below with the des-F analogs, and were further proved by the biology data of the final Examples (analogs made from the S-enantiomer (1) were more potent than analogs made from the R-enantiomer (2) as was seen with the other Examples).

To a 1 L round-bottomed flask was added (S)-2-((benzyloxy)amino)-2-(fluoromethyl) -4-methylpent-4-enoic acid (0.89 g, 3.33 mmol) in MeOH (30 mL) to give a colorless solution. Pd—C (0.709 g, 0.666 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred under hydrogen (balloon) for 16 h. LCMS showed complete disappearance of starting material. The mixture was filtered and rinsed with MeOH. The filtered clear solution was concentrated to afford (S)-2-amino-2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentanoic acid (510 mg, 94%) as a white solid: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 4.62 (ddd, J=62.0, 47.4, 10.0 Hz, 2H), 1.94-1.66 (m, 3H), 1.01 (dd, J=6.3, 3.9 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ-229.19; α D =+21.61° (MeOH, 2.85 mg/mL).

To a 250 mL round-bottomed flask was added (S)-2-amino-2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentanoic acid (496 mg, 3.04 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (15 mL) to give a colorless solution under nitrogen. BH 3 .THF (12.16 mL, 12.16 mmol) was added under nitrogen. The mixture was stirred at rt over the weekend for 66 h. TLC showed (10% MeOH/CH 2 Cl 2 , I 2 stain) a new peak above the baseline. The reaction was quenched with MeOH. Volatiles were removed. The residue was treated with 30 mL 1N HCl and heated at 50° C. for 1 h. After cooling down, the mixture was then basified with 40 mL 1N NaOH and extracted three times with CH 2 Cl 2 . The combined organic solution was dried and concentrated to give (S)-2-amino-2-(fluoromethyl) - 4-methylpentan-1-ol (377 mg, 83%) as a colorless oil: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 4.31 (dd, J=47.7, 0.9 Hz, 2H), 3.53 (dd, J=10.8, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 3.42 (dd, J=10.8, 3.0 Hz, 1H), 1.79 (m, 4H), 1.44-1.32 (m, 2H), 1.00 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 3H), 0.99 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 3H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-227.90; α D =−1.00° (CHCl 3 , 2.40 mg/mL).

To a 2 mL pressure bottle was added (S)-2-amino-2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentan-1-ol (65.7 mg, 0.440 mmol) and 6-bromo-2-(difluoromethyl)-3-fluoropyridine (100 mg, 0.440 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (0.6 mL) to give a colorless solution. Potassium tert-butoxide (0.528 mL, 0.528 mmol) (1.0 M in THF) was added under nitrogen. The bottle was sealed and the mixture was stirred at 70° C. for 16 h. The mixture was partitioned between water and EtOAc. The layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic solution was washed with brine, dried and concentrated to a tan oil (140 mg, 90%): 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.56 (dt, J=8.7, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.68 (t, J=53.8 Hz, 1H), 4.50-4.25 (m, 2H), 3.93 (ddd, J=32.5, 8.5, 1.8 Hz, 2H), 1.87 (dq, J=12.7, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 1.52-1.44 (m, 2H), 1.03 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 3H), 1.00 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 3H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-117.34, −225.58; LCMS (ESI) m/e 355.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 13 H 19 BrF 3 N 2 O, 355.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.69 min.

Part F. (S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-6-(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as previously described for Example 117 but at 80° C. for 5 h to afford the titled product (9.7 mg, 36%): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.50 (s, 1H), 8.36 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.18 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (t, J=53.5 Hz, 1H), 4.33 (dq, J=47.8, 8.9 Hz, 2H), 4.07-3.92 (m, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 1.89 (dd, J=12.7, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.50-1.31 (m, 2H), 0.96 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.93 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 427.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 26 F 3 N 4 O 3 , 427.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.66 min.

(R)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-6-(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as previously described in Example 179, Part C to afford (R)-2-amino -2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentanoic acid (512 mg, 94%) as a white solid: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d 4 ) δ 4.62 (ddd, J=62.0, 47.4, 10.0 Hz, 2H), 1.94-1.66 (m, 3H), 1.01 (dd, J=6.3, 3.9 Hz, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ-229.19; α D =−20.29° (MeOH, 2.70 mg/mL).

Prepared as previously described in Example 179, Part D to afford (R)-2-amino -2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentan-1-ol (362 mg, 80%) as a colorless oil: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d 4 ) δ 4.31 (d, J=47.7 Hz, 2H), 3.53 (dd, J=10.8, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 3.42 (dd, J=10.8, 3.0 Hz, 1H), 1.79 (tt, J=12.8, 6.4 Hz, 4H), 1.38 (td, J=5.6, 1.8 Hz, 2H), 1.00 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 3H), 0.99 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 3H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-227.87; α D =+1.11° (CHCl 3 , 2.70 mg/mL).

Prepared as previously described in Example 179, Part E to afford (R)-1-((6-bromo -2-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentan-2-amine (145 mg, 96%) as a colorless oil: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d 4 ) δ 7.56 (dt, J=8.6, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.69 (t, J=53.8 Hz, 1H), 4.49-4.26 (m, 2H), 3.93 (ddd, J=32.8, 8.6, 1.8 Hz, 2H), 1.88 (dp, J=12.8, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.56-1.41 (m, 4H), 1.03 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.00 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-117.50, −225.55; LCMS (ESI) m/e 355.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 13 H 19 BrF 3 N 2 O, 355.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.68 min.

Part D: (R)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2-fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-6-(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as previously described In Example 179 to afford (R)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-6-(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (8.8 mg, 33%): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.50 (s, 1H), 8.36 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 8.18 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (t, J=53.5 Hz, 1H), 4.33 (dq, J=47.7, 9.0 Hz, 2H), 4.11-3.93 (m, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 1.89 (p, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.50-1.32 (m, 2H), 0.96 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 3H), 0.93 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 427.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 26 F 3 N 4 O 3 , 427.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.62 min.

(S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-4-(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as previously described in Example 19 to afford (S)-1-((6-bromo-4-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentan-2-amine (157 mg, 98%) as a tan oil: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d 4 ) δ 8.16 (s, 1H), 7.62 (s, 1H), 6.80 (t, J=54.4 Hz, 1H), 4.35 (ddd, J=47.4, 36.8, 9.0 Hz, 2H), 4.01 (qd, J=8.7, 1.7 Hz, 2H), 1.87 (dp, J=12.9, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.48-1.43 (m, 2H), 1.03 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.00 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-119.66, −226.04; LCMS (ESI) m/e 355.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 13 H 19 BrF 3 N 2 O, 355.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.78 min.

Part B: (S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-4-(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as previously described for Example 179 to afford the titled product (4.0 mg, 17%): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.73 (s, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.36 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.08 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.35 (t, J=53.9 Hz, 1H), 4.45-4.23 (m, 2H), 4.20-4.05 (m, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 1.90 (p, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.40 (qd, J=13.9, 5.7 Hz, 2H), 0.96 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.94 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 427.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 26 F 3 N 4 O 3 , 427.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.67 min.

(R)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-4-(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as previously described in Example 19 to afford (R)-1-((6-bromo-4-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentan-2-amine (163 mg, 100%) as a tan oil: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d 4 ) δ 8.17 (s, 1H), 7.62 (s, 1H), 6.80 (t, J=54.4 Hz, 1H), 4.35 (ddd, J=47.5, 36.9, 9.0 Hz, 2H), 4.01 (qd, J=8.7, 1.7 Hz, 2H), 1.87 (dp, J=12.8, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.54-1.43 (m, 4H), 1.03 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.00 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ-119.62, −226.06; LCMS (ESI) m/e 355.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 13 H 10 BrF 3 N 2 O, 355.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.79 min.

Part B: (R)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-4-(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared as previously described for Example 179 to afford (R)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2-(fluoromethyl)-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-4-(difluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (3.4 mg, 13%): 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.73 (s, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.36 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.08 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.35 (t, J=53.9 Hz, 1H), 4.43-4.24 (m, 2H), 4.20-4.04 (m, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 1.90 (dt, J=12.6, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 1.40 (qd, J=14.4, 5.7 Hz, 2H), 0.96 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.94 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 427.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 26 F 3 N 4 O 3 , 427.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.65 min.

TFA deprotection was carried out as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-N-(4-(4-((2-amino-4-methylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)acetamide (27 mg, 100%) as a colorless solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 10.53 (s, 1H), 8.33 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 2H), 7.61 (dd, J=12.5, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (dd, J=8.5, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.43-7.37 (m, 1H), 7.32 (t, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 3.97 (dd, J=9.5, 4.9 Hz, 1H), 3.90 (dd, J=9.5, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 3.12 (dt, J=11.9, 5.4 Hz, 1H), 2.12 (s, 3H), 1.81 (dq, J=13.0, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.33 (ddd, J=13.5, 8.5, 5.0 Hz, 1H), 1.26 (ddd, J=13.5, 8.5, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 0.92 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.88 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 406.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 23 F 2 N 3 Cl 1 O 1 , 406.1]; LC/MS retention time (method t R =2.03 min.

(S)-1-((3-chloro-5-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((3-chloro-5-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Intermediate 7-fluoro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)quinolone was prepared as described in Example 131, Part A. Suzuki coupling was performed as described in Example 131, Part D. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-((3-chloro-5-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (10.6 mg, 76% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.97 (d, J=4.3 Hz, 1H), 8.18 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.91-7.80 (m, 3H), 7.37 (ddd, J=9.3, 8.0, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.30 (d, J=4.0 Hz, 1H), 4.63 (d, J=10.5 Hz, 1H), 4.47 (d, J=10.5 Hz, 1H), 1.93-1.83 (m, 2H), 1.68 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 1.46 (s, 3H), 1.44 (s, 9H), 1.02 (m, 6H). 19 F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ-109.18 (s, 1F). LCMS (ESI) m/e 488.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 26 H 32 F 1 N 3 Cl 1 O 3 , 488.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.39 min.

TFA deprotection was performed as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-1-((3-chloro-5-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (4.4 mg, 50% yield). 1 H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.06-8.97 (m, 1H), 8.38-8.29 (m, 1H), 8.25-8.16 (m, 1H), 8.04-7.83 (m, 2H), 7.65-7.51 (m, 2H), 4.27-4.13 (m, 2H), 1.95-1.79 (m, 1H), 1.56-1.40 (m, 2H), 1.26-1.16 (m, 3H), 1.03-0.91 (m, 6H). LCMS (ESI) m/e 409.9 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 21 H 23 F 1 N 3 Cl 1 O 1 Na 1 , 410.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.85 min.

To a solution of 5-bromo-2-fluoronicotinaldehyde (0.8212 g, 4.03 mmol) in CH 2 Cl 2 (15 mL) at 0° C. was added DAST (1.064 mL, 8.05 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 0° C. for 1 h then warmed to room temperature. The stirring was continued for 3 h. The reaction was poured into an ice cold 1N NaOH solution. The organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted DCM (2×). The DCM layers were combined, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give crude 5-bromo-3-(difluoromethyl)-2-fluoropyridine (0.81 g, 3.58 mmol, 89% yield) as a brown solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.43-8.38 (m, 1H), 8.18-8.13 (m, 1H), 6.82 (t, J=52.0 Hz, 1H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ-74.33 (br. s., 1F), −115.87 (s, 2F); LCMS (ESI) m/e 205.9 [(M−F) + , calcd C 6 H 3 BrNF 2 , 205.9]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.88 min.

To (S)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (0.3359 g, 2.56 mmol) and 5-bromo-3-(difluoromethyl)-2-fluoropyridine (0.579 g, 2.56 mmol) in THF (5 mL) at room temperature was added potassium tert-butoxide(3.07 mL, 3.07 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction was quenched by addition of water and the crude solution was diluted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was separated and washed with water (3×), dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The product was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluted with 0-10% methanol in CH 2 Cl 2 ) to obtain (S)-1-((5-bromo-3-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (0.63 g, 0.923 mmol, 73% yield) as a yellow liquid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.31-8.27 (m, 1H), 7.96-7.93 (m, 1H), 6.97-6.64 (m, 1H), 4.15 (s, 2H), 1.85-1.74 (m, 1H), 1.45 (t, J=5.8 Hz, 2H), 1.20 (s, 3H), 0.98 (m, 6H). 19 F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ-117.61 (s, 2F); LCMS (ESI) m/e 320.1 [(M−NH 2 ) + , calcd C 13 H 17 BrNF 2 O, 320.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.99 min.

A mixture of 2N sodium carbonate solution (0.050 ml, 0.099 mmol), 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphine)ferrocene-palladium(II)dichloride dichoromethane complex (2.022 mg, 2.476 μmol), 2-chloro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine (0.018 g, 0.074 mmol) and (S)-1-((5-bromo-3-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (0.0167 g, 0.050 mmol) in dioxane (0.8 mL) (degassed) was heated at 80° C. for 2 h. The reaction was filtered through diatomaceous earth (Celite®) and purified by reverse phase Prep HPLC. Obtained (S)-1-((2′-chloro-5-(difluoromethyl)-[3,4′-bipyridin]-6-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (13.1 mg, 0.035 mmol, 72% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.83 (s, 1H), 8.48 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.43 (s, 1H), 7.98 (s, 1H), 7.84 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (t, J=55.0 Hz, 1H), 4.22-4.14 (m, 2H), 1.83-1.73 (m, 1H), 1.48-1.37 (m, 2H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 0.91 (m, 6H). LCMS (ESI) m/e 353.1 [(M−NH 2 ) + , calcd C 18 H 20 N 2 ClF 2 O, 353.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.96 min.

To a 20 mL microwave tube was added 4,7-dichloroquinoline (0.3315 g, 1.674 mmol) and propionitrile (3 mL), followed by TMS-Br (0.434 mL, 3.35 mmol) at room temperature. A precipitate formed. The tube was sealed and heated to 100° C. for 12 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature. The crude mixture was poured into ice-cooled NaOH (1N, 3 mL) and the tube was rinsed with water. The aqueous layer was extracted with diethyl ether (3×5 mL). The diethyl ether layer were combined, dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the 4-bromo-7-chloroquinoline (300 mg, 1.126 mmol, 67% yield) as a yellow solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.70 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 8.17 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 8.14 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (dd, J=9.0, 2.0 Hz, 1H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 241.9 [(M+H) + , calcd C 9 H 5 BrClN, 241.9].

Part C: (S)-1-((5-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Suzuki coupling between 4-bromo-7-chloroquinoline (13.34 mg, 0.055 mmol) and (S)-1-((3-(difluoromethyl)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (21.13 mg, 0.055 mmol) was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-1-((5-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (7.8 mg, 0.019 mmol, 34% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.02 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.20 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.16 (s, 1H), 7.88 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.69 (dd, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (d, J=4.3 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (t, J=55.0 Hz, 1H), 4.22-4.16 (m, 2H), 1.83 (dt, J=12.5, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 1.49-1.38 (m, 2H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 0.97-0.92 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 442.0 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 22 H 24 ClN 3 F 2 ONa, 442.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.09 min.

A mixture of potassium acetate (0.060 g, 0.610 mmol), 4-bromo-7-fluoroquinoline (0.046 g, 0.203 mmol), 4,4,4′,4′,5,5,5′,5′-octamethyl-2,2′-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (0.062 g, 0.244 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL) was purged with nitrogen for 10 min. PdCl 2 (dppf) (4.47 mg, 6.10 μmol) was added and the reaction was heated at 80° C. for 5 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and was carried forward as it is assuming quantitative yield).

Part B: (S)-1((3-(difluoromethyl)-5-(6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

A mixture of sodium carbonate (0.171 ml, 0.342 mmol), 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene -palladium(II)dichloride dichloromethane complex (6.98 mg, 8.55 μmol), (S)-1-((5-bromo-3-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (0.0272 g, 0.081 mmol) and 6-fluoro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)quinoline (0.047 g, 0.171 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.8 ml) (degassed) was heated at 80° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered through celite. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (XBridge C18 column, mobile phase: acetonitrile, water, 10-mM ammonium acetate) to afford (S)-1-((3-(difluoromethyl)-5-(6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (27.2 mg, 0.067 mmol, 39% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.97 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.52 (s, 1H), 8.22 (dd, 5.9 Hz, 1H), 8.16 (s, 1H), 7.81-7.72 (m, 1H), 7.61 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 7.51 (dd, J=10.1, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (t, J=55.0 Hz, 1H), 4.19 (s, 2H), 1.86-1.77 (m, 1H), 1.49-1.37 (m, 2H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 0.94 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 426.2 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 22 H 24 N 3 F 3 ONa, 426.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.93 min.

n-BuLi (0.319 mL, 0.797 mmol) was added to the THF (4 mL) solution of 2,6-diiodo-4-methoxypyridin-3-yl diethylcarbamate (0.316 g, 0.664 mmol) (Ref: J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67, 3272-3276) at -78° C. After stirring at −78° C. for 20 min, the reaction was quenched by addition of NH 4 Cl (sat.). The reaction was warmed to room temperature and stirred for another 30 min. The volatiles were removed under reduced pressure and the crude material was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The ethyl acetate layer was separated, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified via silica gel chromatography (eluted with 0-25% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to give 6-iodo-4-methoxypyridin-3-ol (0.033 g, 0.131 mmol, 20% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.14 (s, 1H), 3.92 (s, 3H), one exchangeable proton was not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 251.9 [(M+H) + , calcd C 6 H 7 INO 2 , 252.0]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.85 min.

Preparation was described as Example 53, Part A. The crude material was carried on without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 465.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 18 H 30 IN 2 O 4 , 465.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.24 min.

Part C: Boc protected (S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-4-methoxy-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Suzuki reaction was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained Boc protected (S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-4-methoxy-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (2.3 mg, 4.71 μmol, 22% yield for two steps). LCMS (ESI) m/e 489.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 25 H 37 N 4 O 6 , 489.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.14 min.

TFA deprotection was performed as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-4-methoxy-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate (1.2 mg, 3.09 μmol, 66% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.51 (s, 1H), 8.34 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.31 (s, 1H), 7.69 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (s, 1H), 3.99 (s, 3H), 3.83 (s, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.41 (br. s., 2H), 1.85-1.75 (m, 1H), 1.39 (dd, J=9.0, 5.7 Hz, 2H), 1.12 (s, 3H), 0.93 (m, 6H), one exchangeable proton not observed. LCMS (ESI) m/e 389.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 20 H 29 N 4 O 4 , 389.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.56 min.

(S)-1-((2′-(difluoromethyl)-4-methoxy-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′-(difluoromethyl)-4-methoxy-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Suzuki reaction was performed as described in Example 193 to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′-(difluoromethyl)-4-methoxy-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (12.9 mg, 0.028 mmol, 13% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 466.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 34 F 2 N 3 O 4 , 466.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.65 min.

TFA deprotection was performed as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-1-((2′-(difluoromethyl)-4-methoxy-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (5.0 mg, 0.014 mmol, 53% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.78 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 8.38 (s, 2H), 8.26 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.84 (s, 1H), 7.03 (t, J=1.0 Hz, 1H), 4.03 (s, 3H), 3.96 (s, 2H), 1.85-1.75 (m, 1H), 1.56-1.42 (m, 2H), 1.21 (s, 3H), 0.94 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed. LCMS (ESI) m/e 366.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 26 F 2 N 3 O 2 , 366.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.70 min.

(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)naphthalen-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of potassium carbonate (0.124 g, 0.897 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl 4-isobutyl-4-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (0.132 g, 0.448 mmol) and 4-bromonaphthalen-1-ol (0.1 g, 0.448 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) was heated at 80° C. for overnight. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with NaOH (1N) one time, followed by water two times. The ethyl acetate layer was separated, dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (0 to 5% ethyl acetate in hexane) to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-((4-bromonaphthalen-1-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (37 mg, 0.085 mmol, 19% yield) as a yellow oil. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.29 (dd, J=7.8, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 8.18 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.67-7.35 (m, 3H), 6.73 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 4.28 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 4.13 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 1.86 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 2H), 1.69 (dd, J=13.9, 5.1 Hz, 1H), 1.51 (s, 3H), 1.42-1.38 (m, 9H), 1.01 (m, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 458.1, 460.1 Br pattern [(M+Na) + , calcd C 22 H 30 BrNNaO 3 , 458.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.60 min.

Part B: Boc protected (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)naphthalen-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of sodium carbonate (0.034 ml, 0.069 mmol), 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene -palladium(II)dichloride dichloromethane complex (1.965 mg, 2.406 μmol), (2-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)pyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (0.013 g, 0.069 mmol) and (S)-tert-butyl (1-((4-bromonaphthalen-1-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.015 g, 0.034 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.3 mL) (degassed) was heated at 80° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water (3×). The ethyl acetate layer was dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (0 to 25% ethyl acetate in hexane) to afford Boc protected (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)naphthalen-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (12.0 mg, 0.024 mmol, 69% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.37 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 2H), 8.16 (s, 1H), 7.94-7.90 (m, 1H), 7.58-7.49 (m, 2H), 7.38 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.15 (dd, J=5.1, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.33 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 4.22-4.17 (m, 1H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 1.94-1.83 (m, 1H), 1.73 (br. s., 2H), 1.42 (s, 9H), 1.52 (s, 3H), 1.03 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed. LCMS (ESI) m/e 508.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 29 H 38 N 3 O 5 , 508.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.30 min.

TFA deprotection was performed as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)naphthalen-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (9.2 mg, 0.022 mmol, 95% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.40 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 8.37 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.85 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (t, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.42 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.06 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 3.94 (s, 2H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 1.86 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 1.54 (dd, 5.7 Hz, 2H), 1.25 (s, 3H), 0.94 (m, 6H), three exchangeable protons not observed. LCMS (ESI) m/e 408.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 30 N 3 O 3 , 408.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.78 min.

(S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-((4-(quinolin-4-yl)naphthalen-1-yl)oxy)pentan-2-amine

Prepared as described in Example 208. Obtained (S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-((4-(quinolin-4-yl)naphthalen-1-yl)oxy)pentan-2-amine (6.3 mg, 0.016 mmol, 98% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.03 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.44 (d, J=6.2 Hz, 1H), 8.15 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (d, J=4.0 Hz, 1H), 7.48-7.43 (m, 2H), 7.43-7.39 (m, 1H), 7.35 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.13 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 4.00 (s, 2H), 1.90-1.85 (m, 1H), 1.65-1.50 (m, 2H), 1.29 (s, 3H), 1.01-0.94 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 385.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 26 H 29 N 2 O, 385.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.70 min.

(S)-methyl (4-(5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)pyrimidin-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as described in Example 53, Part A. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2-chloropyrimidin-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (25.0 mg, 0.073 mmol, 49% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.32 (s, 2H), 4.50 (s, 1H), 4.30 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 4.06 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 1.93-1.74 (m, 2H), 1.44 (dd, J=13.9, 4.9 Hz, 1H), 1.39 (s, 9H), 1.36 (s, 3H), 0.99 (dd, J6.5, 4.5 Hz, 6H).

A mixture of 2N sodium carbonate solution (0.073 mL, 0.145 mmol), 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphine)ferrocene-palladium(II)dichloride dichloromethane complex (2.97 mg, 3.64 μmol), (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2-chloropyrimidin-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate and (2-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)pyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (0.025 g, 0.128 mmol) in dioxane (1 mL) (degassed) was heated at 120° C. for 4 h. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water three times. The ethyl acetate layer was dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was diluted with DCM (3 mL) and TFA (2 mL, 26.0 mmol) was added at room temperature. The mixture was stirred for 0.5 h at room temperature. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the crude was purified by reverse phase Prep HPLC. Obtained (S)-methyl (4-(5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)pyrimidin-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (1.9 mg, 5.07 □mol, 7% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.76 (s, 1H), 8.73 (s, 2H), 8.39 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 7.86 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 3.96 (s, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 1.86-1.78 (m, 1H), 1.46-1.36 (m, 2H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 0.94 (m, 6H), three exchangeable protons not observed. LCMS (ESI) m/e 360.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 18 H 26 N 5 O 3 , 360.4]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.55 min.

(S)-methyl (4-(2-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)pyrimidin-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Potassium tert-butoxide (0.242 mL, 0.242 mmol) was added to a solution of (S)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (0.0265 g, 0.202 mmol) in THF (0.8 mL) at room temperature. After 5 min, 5-bromo-2-chloropyrimidine (0.047 g, 0.242 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture. The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction was quenched by adding water. The volatiles were removed under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with ethyl acetate and water. The ethyl acetate layer was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layers were combined, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified via silica gel chromatography (eluted with methanol in DCM from 0 to 10%). Obtained (S)-1-((5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (0.014 g, 0.050 mmol, 25% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.53 (s, 2H), 4.11 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 2H), 1.87-1.75 (m, 1H), 1.66-1.56 (m, 2H), 1.48 (dd, J=5.6, 3.9 Hz, 2H), 1.22 (s, 3H), 0.98 (m, 6H). LCMS (ESI) m/e 310.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 11 H 18 BrN 3 ONa, 310.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.67 min.

Suzuki reaction was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-methyl (4-(2-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)pyrimidin-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (8.4 mg, 0.023 mmol, 47% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.60 (s, 2H), 8.49 (s, 1H), 8.31 (dd, J=5.3, 0.5 Hz, 1H), 8.18 (s, 1H), 7.11 (dd, J=5.4, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.84-3.69 (m, 2H), 2.00-1.92 (m, 1H), 1.91-1.78 (m, 1H), 1.56 (dd, J=14.3, 5.0 Hz, 1H), 1.36 (s, 3H), 1.02 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), 0.92 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 359.9 [(M+H) + , calcd C 18 H 26 N 5 O 3 , 360.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.76 min.

KHMDS (6.66 mL, 3.33 mmol) was added to the THF (7 mL) solution of dihydro-2H-pyran-4(3H)-one (0.2224 g, 2.221 mmol) and 1,1,1-trifluoro-N-phenyl-N-((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)methanesulfonamide (0.952 g, 2.67 mmol) at −78° C. The reaction was stirred for 30 min. The reaction was diluted with diethyl ether and washed with water (3×). The diethyl ether layer was separated, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated. The crude material was carried on without further purification.

Part B: (S)-tert-butyl (2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate

A solution of (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (6.5 g, 14.31 mmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (7.27 g, 28.6 mmol), potassium acetate (4.21 g, 42.9 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (100 mL) was purged with argon for 5 min. PdCl 2 (dppf)-CH 2 Cl 2 adduct (1.168 g, 1.431 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture under argon and was heated at 84° C. for 14 h. The reaction mixture was filtered through celite and the celite bed was washed with ethyl acetate (200 mL). The organic layer was washed with water (100 mL). The aqueous layer was re-extracted with ethyl acetate (2×100 mL). The organic layer was collected, washed with brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , and concentrated which afforded crude (S)-tert-butyl (2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate. The crude product was dissolved in 50 mL of DCM, adsorbed on silica gel (60-120), purified silica gel chromatography (0-15% of ethyl acetate/hexane) to give (S)-tert-butyl (2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate (6.01 g, 11.99 mmol, 84% yield) as a off-white semi-solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): δ 7.87-7.90 (m, 1H), 7.80 (s, 1H), 7.21 (d, J=8.40 Hz, 1H), 6.53 (s, 1H), 4.07-4.25 (m, 2H), 1.70-1.79 (m, 2H), 1.45-1.50 (m, 1H), 1.26-1.35 (m, 9H), 1.08-1.20 (m, 12H), 0.82-0.91 (m, 6H) ppm.

A mixture of 2N sodium carbonate solution (0.106 mL, 0.212 mmol), 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphine)ferrocene-palladium(II)dichloride dichloromethane complex (6.06 mg, 7.42 μmop, 3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-4-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate (98 mg, 0.424 mmol) and (S)-tert-butyl(2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate (53.1 mg, 0.106 mmol) in dioxane (2 mL) (degassed) was heated at 120° C. for 5 h. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water three times. The ethyl acetate layer was dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with DCM (3 mL) and TFA (2 mL, 26.0 mmol) was added at room temperature. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by reverse phase Prep HPLC to give (S)-1-(4-(3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (2.7 mg, 0.213 mmol, 7% yield over three steps). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 7.69 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (s, 1H), 7.20 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.24 (m, 1H), 4.21 (d, J=2.6 Hz, 2H), 3.83-3.79 (m, 4H), 2.42 (br. s., 2H), 1.80-1.72 (m, 1H), 1.42-1.37 (m, 2H), 1.12 (s, 3H), 0.89 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 358.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 27 F 3 NO 2 , 358.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.99 min.

(S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(2-methylquinolin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-amine

A mixture of 2N sodium carbonate solution (0.157 mL, 0.314 mmol), 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphine)ferrocene-palladium(II)dichloride dichloromethane complex (8.97 mg, 10.99 μmol), (S)-tert-butyl (2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.079 g, 0.157 mmol) (prepared in Example 215, Part B) and 4-chloro-2-methylquinoline (0.05 ml, 0.248 mmol) in dioxane (1 mL) (degassed) was heated at 120° C. for 5 h. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water three times. The ethyl acetate layer was dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with DCM (3 mL) and was added TFA (2 mL, 26.0 mmol) at room temperature. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the material was purified by reverse phase HPLC/MS to afford (S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(2-methylquinolin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-amine (14.8 mg, 0.035 mmol, 22% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.02 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.83-7.73 (m, 4H), 7.55 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.44-7.41 (m, 2H), 3.94-3.87 (m, 2H), 3.47 (br. s., 2H), 2.70 (s, 3H), 1.87-1.79 (m, 1H), 1.42 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 2H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 0.95 (d, J=2.9 Hz, 3H), 0.93 (d, J=2.9 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 417.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 28 F 3 N 2 O, 417.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.26 min.

(S)-1-(4-(6-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

To a 20 mL microwave tube was added 4,7-dichloroquinoline (0.3315 g, 1.674 mmol) and propionitrile (3 mL), followed by TMS-Br (0.434 ml, 3.35 mmol) at room temperature. A precipitate was formed. The tube was sealed and heated to 100° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature then poured into ice-cooled NaOH (1N, 3 mL) and the tube was rinsed with water. The aqueous layer was extracted with diethyl ether (3×5 mL). The diethyl ether layers were combined, dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated to give the crude product as a yellow solid. The material was purified by silica gel chromatography (EtOAc in hexanes to afford 4-bromo-6-chloroquinoline (300 mg, 1.126 mmol, 67% yield) as a pale yellow solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.70 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 8.17 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 8.14 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (dd, J=9.0, 2.0 Hz, 1H).

A mixture of potassium acetate (0.136 g, 1.382 mmol), 4-bromo-7-chloroquinoline (0.1117 g, 0.461 mmol), 4,4,4′,4′,5,5,5′,5′-octamethyl-2,2′-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (0.140 g, 0.553 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.5 mL) was purged with nitrogen for 10 min. PdCl 2 (dppf) (10.11 mg, 0.014 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture at room temperature and the reaction was heated at 80° C. for 5 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and carried forward without purification assuming quantitative yield. LCMS (ESI) m/e 290.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 15 H 18 BclNO 2 , 290.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.17 min.

Preparation was described as Example 19. Obtained (S)-1-(4-(6-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (3.9 mg, 8.66 μmol, 7% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.98 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.16 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.85 (dd, J=9.0, 2.4 Hz, 2H), 7.79 (d, J=2.6 Hz, 2H), 7.59 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.97-3.89 (m, 2H), 1.83 (dt, J=12.7, 6.1 Hz, 1H), 1.43 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 2H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 0.94 (m, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 419.9 [(M−NH 2 ) + , calcd C 23 H 22 ClF 3 NO, 420.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.07 min.

(S)-1-((5-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

NBS (2.334 g, 13.11 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of 3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-ol (1.6449 g, 10.09 mmol) in THF (15 mL) at room temperature. The reaction was stirred at room temperature over the weekend. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water three times. The ethyl acetate layer was separated, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give crude 5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-ol (2.12 g, 6.57 mmol, 65% yield) as a yellow solid. The material was carried on without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 241.8 [(M+H) + , calcd C 6 H 4 BrF 3 NO, 241.9]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.57 min.

Part B: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of potassium carbonate (0.113 g, 0.814 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl 4-isobutyl-4-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (0.1593 g, 0.543 mmol) and 5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-ol (0.197 g, 0.814 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was heated at 80° C. overnight. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water three times. The ethyl acetate layer was separated, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluted with ethyl acetate in hexane from 0 to 10%) to give (S)-tert-butyl (1-((5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethypentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.059 g, 0.111 mmol, 20% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.34 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 4.59-4.52 (m, 2H), 4.39 (d, J=10.3 Hz, 1H), 1.89-1.72 (m, 2H), 1.54 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 1.39 (s, 9H), 1.37 (s, 3H), 0.97 (m, 6H); 19 F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d)δ-64.11 (s, 3F). LCMS (ESI) m/e 476.9 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 18 H 26 BrF 3 N 2 O 3 Na, 477.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.54 min.

Part C: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((5-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Prepared as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-((5-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (26.0 mg, 0.048 mmol, 80% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 540.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 27 H 31 F 5 N 3 O 3 , 540.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.53 min.

Part D: (S)-1-((5-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

TFA deprotection was performed as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-1-((5-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (12.5 mg, 0.025 mmol, 56% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.34 (s, 1H), 8.17-8.03 (m, 5H), 7.79 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 3.94 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 1.85-1.76 (m, 1H), 1.43 (m, 2H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 0.97-0.89 (m, 6H). LCMS (ESI) m/e 440.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 23 F 5 N 3 O, 440.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.04 min.

To a 20 mL microwave tube was added 4,6-dichloroquinoline (0.3446 g, 1.740 mmol) and propionitrile (1 ml), followed by TMS-Br (0.451 ml, 3.48 mmol) at room temperature. A precipitate was formed. The tube was sealed and heated to 100° C. for overnight. The reaction was cooled to room temperature. The crude was poured into iced NaOH(1N, 3 mL) solution and the tube was washed with water. The aqueous was extracted three times with diethyl ether. The diethyl ether layer was combined, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and concentrated to give 4-bromo-6-chloroquinoline (0.322 g, 1.33 mmol, 76% yield) as a yellow solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.68 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 8.21 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.07 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.76-7.70 (m, 2H). LCMS (ESI) m/e 243.7 [(M+H) + , calcd C 9 H 5 BrNCl, 243.5]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.07 min.

A mixture of potassium acetate (0.136 g, 1.382 mmol), 4-bromo-7-chloroquinoline (0.1117 g, 0.461 mmol), and 4,4,4′,4′,5,5,5′,5′-octamethyl-2,2′-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (0.140 g, 0.553 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.5 mL) was purged with nitrogen for 10 min. PdCl 2 (dppf) (10.11 mg, 0.014 mmol) was added and the reaction was heated at 80° C. for 5 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and was carried on without further purification assuming quantitative yield. LCMS (ESI) m/e 207.9 [(M−NH 2 ) + , calcd C 9 H 7 BNClO 2 , 207.0]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.21 min.

Intermediate (S)-1-((5-bromo-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine prepared as in Example 52, Part A. Suzuki reaction was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-1-((5-(6-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (56.7 mg, 0.143 mmol, 26% yield over two steps). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.94 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 8.14 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 8.08 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.69 (dd, J=8.8, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.57-7.54 (m, 1H), 7.32 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 4.64-4.42 (m, 2H), 1.93-1.75 (m, 3H), 1.54 (s, 3H), 1.03 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 3H), 1.01 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 3H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 366.9 [(M−NH 2 ) + , calcd C 22 H 24 N 2 ClO, 367.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.88 min.

(S)-1-((5-(6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Prepared as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-1-((5-(6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (9.7 mg, 0.026 mmol, 14% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.92 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 8.31-8.16 (m, 1H), 8.12 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.61-7.49 (m, 3H), 7.34 (d, J=4.3 Hz, 1H), 4.27-4.18 (m, 2H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 1.93-1.78 (m, 1H), 1.63-1.49 (m, 2H), 1.29 (s, 3H), 1.03 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.01 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 368.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 27 N 3 FO, 368.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.78 min.

(S)-1-((5-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Prepared as described in Example 53, Part A. obtained (S)-1-((5-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (3.06 g, 7.32 mmol, 86% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 422.9 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 18 H 29 BrN 2 O 3 Na, 423.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.48 min.

Part B: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((5-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Suzuki reaction was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-((5-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (43.8 mg, 0.090 mmol, 59% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 486.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 27 H 34 N 3 F 2 O 3 , 486.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.44 min.

TFA deprotection was performed as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-1-((5-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (33.9 mg, 0.088 mmol, 98% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.00 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.79 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (br. s., 1H), 7.61-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.45 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 4.45-4.31 (m, 2H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 1.89-1.74 (m, 2H), 1.66 (dd, 5.3 Hz, 1H), 1.42 (s, 3H), 0.98 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.94 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 386.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 26 N 3 F 2 O, 386.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.84 min.

(S)-1-((5-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Prepared as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-1-((5-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (22.5 mg, 0.058 mmol, 51% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.98 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.17 (s, 2H), 7.96-7.91 (m, 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H), 7.66 (dd, J=9.0, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 4.15-4.07 (m, 2H), 2.30 (s, 3H), 1.87-1.79 (m, 1H), 1.45 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 0.95 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 384.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 27 N 3 ClO, 384.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.98 min.

(S)-1-((6-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

A mixture of TFA (0.4 mL, 5.19 mmol) and (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-chloro-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.064 g, 0.179 mmol, 0.179 mmol) in CH 2 Cl 2 (4 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 4 h. LCMS showed complete conversion to (S)-1-((6-chloro-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine. The solvent was removed via vacuum and the material was used without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 257.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 13 H 22 ClN 2 O, 257.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.64 min.

Suzuki coupling was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-1-((6-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (12.2 mg, 0.031 mmol, 43% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.01 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 7.78 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (br. s., 1H), 7.49 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (s, 1H), 3.94 (s, 2H), 2.31 (s, 3H), 1.88-1.80 (m, 1H), 1.48 (dd, J=13.0, 5.3 Hz, 2H), 1.20 (s, 3H), 0.95 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 386.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 26 F 2 N 3 O, 386.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.79 min.

(S)-1-((6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Prepared as described in Example 226. Obtained (S)-1-((6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (6.0 mg, 0.016 mmol, 63% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.98 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 8.47 (s, 1H), 8.34 (dd, J=9.3, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (dd, J=10.3, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.59 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (td, J=8.9, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 4.10 (s, 2H), 2.37 (s, 3H), 1.86-1.78 (m, 1H), 1.63 (br. s., 1H), 1.57-1.50 (m, 1H), 1.30 (s, 3H), 0.95 (dd, J=11.7, 6.7 Hz, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 368.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 27 FN 3 O, 368.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.67 min.

(S)-1-((2′,4-dimethyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′,4-dimethyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Suzuki coupling was performed as described in Example 193. The crude was used in the next reaction without purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 414.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 36 N 3 O 3 , 414.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.02 min.

TFA deprotection as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-1-((2′,4-dimethyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (2.2 mg, 6.95 μmol, 17% yield over two steps). 1 H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.50 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.34 (s, 1H), 7.96 (s, 1H), 7.86 (s, 1H), 7.78 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 3.88 (br. s., 2H), 2.54 (s, 3H), 2.31 (s, 3H), 1.82 (br. s., 1H), 1.45-1.38 (m, 2H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 0.93 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 314.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 28 N 3 O, 314.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.50 min.

(S)-1-((6-(6-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-(6-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Suzuki coupling was performed as described in Example 193. The crude was used in the next reaction without purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 483.9 [(M+H) + , calcd C 27 H 35 ClN 3 O 3 , 484.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.24 min.

TFA deprotection as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-1-((6-(6-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (6.8 mg, 0.017 mmol, 16% yield over two steps). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.00 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.48 (s, 1H), 8.40 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.12 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (dd, J=8.8, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.69 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 3.95 (s, 2H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 1.84 (d, J=6.2 Hz, 1H), 1.45 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 2H), 1.18 (s, 3H), 0.95 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 383.9 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 27 ClN 3 O, 384.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.81 min.

(S)-1-((6-(6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-(6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Suzuki coupling was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-(6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (33.2 mg, 0.035 mmol, 35% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 468.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 27 H 35 FN 3 O 3 , 468.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.22 min.

TFA deprotection as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-1-((6-(6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (21.7 mg, 0.058 mmol, 82% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.98 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.18 (dd, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 8.07 (dd, J-11.0, 2.9 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (s, 2H), 7.69 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 4.15 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 2H), 2.39 (s, 3H), 1.89-1.81 (m, 1H), 1.66 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 1.56 (dd, 5.3 Hz, 1H), 1.33 (s, 3H), 0.99 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.96 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 368.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 27 FN 3 O, 368.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.67 min.

(S)-1-((6-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethypentan-2-yl)carbamate

Suzuki coupling was performed as described in Example 193. The crude was used in the next reaction without purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 484.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 27 H 35 ClN 3 O 3 , 484.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.32 min.

TFA deprotection as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (15.5 mg, 0.039 mmol, 34% yield over two steps). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.98 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.18 (dd, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 8.07 (dd, J-11.0, 2.9 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (s, 2H), 7.69 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 4.15 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 2H), 2.39 (s, 3H), 1.89-1.81 (m, 1H), 1.66 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 1.56 (dd, 5.3 Hz, 1H), 1.33 (s, 3H), 0.99 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.96 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 384.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 27 ClN 3 O, 384.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.84 min.

(S)-1-((6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Suzuki coupling was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (56 mg, 0.055 mmol, 27% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 468.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 27 H 35 FN 3 O 3 , 468.3]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.24 min.

TFA deprotection as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-1-((6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (36.4 mg, 0.095 mmol, 89% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.98 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 8.47 (s, 1H), 8.34 (dd, J=9.3, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (dd, J=10.3, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.59 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (td, J=8.9, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 4.10 (s, 2H), 2.37 (s, 3H), 1.86-1.78 (m, 1H), 1.63 (br. s., 1H), 1.57-1.50 (m, 1H), 1.30 (s, 3H), 0.95 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 368.0 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 27 FN 3 O, 368.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.67 min.

(S)-1-((4-chloro-6-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((4-chloro-6-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Suzuki coupling was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-((4-chloro-6-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (50.6 mg, 0.062 mmol, 62% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 506.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 26 H 31 ClF 2 N 3 O 3 , 506.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.43 min.

TFA deprotection as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-1-((4-chloro-6-(5,7-difluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (16.2 mg, 0.040 mmol, 40% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.04 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 7.88 (s, 1H), 7.81 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.61-7.53 (m, 2H), 4.04 (s, 2H), 1.88-1.77 (m, 1H), 1.52-1.40 (m, 2H), 1.20 (s, 3H), 0.95 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 406.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 23 ClF 2 N 3 O, 406.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.82 min.

(S)-1-((4-chloro-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Suzuki coupling was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-((4-chloro-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (24.6 mg, 0.059 mmol, 25% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.72 (br. s., 2H), 8.41 (s, 1H), 7.83 (s, 3H), 4.59 (s, 1H), 4.41 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.21 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 1.95-1.80 (m, 2H), 1.56 (dd, J=13.9, 4.9 Hz, 1H), 1.44 (s, 3H), 1.40 (s, 9H), 1.01 (m, 6H). LCMS (ESI) m/e 420.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 31 ClN 3 O 3 , 420.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.07 min.

TFA deprotection as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-1-((4-chloro-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (7.2 mg, 0.022 mmol, 96% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.68 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 2H), 8.64 (s, 1H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 8.04 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 2H), 4.18 (s, 2H), 1.85-1.77 (m, 1H), 1.66-1.60 (m, 1H), 1.52 (dd, J=14.1, 5.3 Hz, 1H), 1.29 (s, 3H), 0.95 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.93 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 303.1 [(M−NH 2 ) + , calcd C 17 H 20 ClN 2 O, 303.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.44 min.

(S)-1-((4-chloro-6-(6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((4-chloro-6-(6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethypentan-2-yl)carbamate

Suzuki coupling was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-((4-chloro-6-(6-fluoro quinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (62.0 mg, 0.109 mmol, 45% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 488.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 26 H 32 ClFN 3 O 3 , 488.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.37 min.

TFA deprotection as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-1-((4-chloro-6-(6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (42.3 mg, 0.109 mmol, 86% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.99 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.76 (s, 1H), 8.19 (dd, 5.9 Hz, 1H), 8.07 (s, 1H), 8.03 (dd, J=11.0, 2.9 Hz, 1H), 7.77-7.71 (m, 2H), 4.30 (s, 2H), 1.86 (dt, J=12.5, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 1.77-1.69 (m, 1H), 1.60 (dd, J=14.1, 5.7 Hz, 1H), 1.37 (s, 3H), 0.97 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 388.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 24 ClFN 3 O, 388.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.75 min.

TFA deprotection as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-1-((4-chloro-2′-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (271.7 mg, 0.806 mmol, 81% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.59 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 7.82 (s, 1H), 7.72-7.69 (m, 1H), 7.60 (dd, J=5.3, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 3.97-3.90 (m, 2H), 2.64 (s, 3H), 1.83 (dt, J=12.7, 6.1 Hz, 1H), 1.53 (t, J=5.5 Hz, 2H), 1.28 (s, 3H), 1.04-0.96 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 334.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 18 H 25 ClN 3 O, 334.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.49 min.

(S)-1-((4-chloro-6-(6-chloroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

TFA (2 mL, 26.0 mmol) was added a solution of (S)-tert-butyl (1-((4,6-dichloropyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.146 g, 0.387 mmol) in DCM (4 mL) at room temperature. The reaction was stirred for 1.5 h at room temperature. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the crude material was carried on without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 259.9 [(M−NH 2 ) + , calcd C 12 H 16 C 12 NO, 260.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.73 min.

Suzuki coupling was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-1-((4-chloro-6-(6-chloroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (8.4 (S)-1-((4-chloro-6-(6-chloroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (mg, 0.020 mmol, 22% yield over two steps). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.01 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.35 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.14 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 8.04 (s, 1H), 7.83 (dd, J=8.8, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 4.06 (s, 2H), 1.89-1.80 (m, 1H), 1.52-1.40 (m, 2H), 1.18 (s, 3H), 0.95 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 403.8 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 24 Cl 2 N 3 O, 404.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.91 min.

(S)-1-((2′,4-dichloro-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2,4-dichloro-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Suzuki coupling was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′,4-dichloro-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (12.6 mg, 0.014 mmol, 7% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 476.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 22 H 29 Cl 2 N 3 O 3 Na, 476.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.52 min.

TFA deprotection as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-1-((2′,4-dichloro-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (4.9 mg, 0.014 mmol, 100% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.60 (s, 1H), 8.51 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 8.44 (s, 1H), 8.15 (s, 1H), 8.08 (dd, J5.1, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 1.82 (dquin, J=12.8, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.41 (t, J=5.3 Hz, 2H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 0.93 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 337.0 [(M−NH 2 ) + , calcd C 17 H 19 Cl 2 N 2 O, 337.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.98 min.

(S)-1-((4-chloro-6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((4-chloro-6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Suzuki coupling was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-((4-chloro-6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (30.5 mg, 0.021 mmol, 20% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 488.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 26 H 32 ClFN 3 O 3 , 488.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.37 min.

TFA deprotection as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-1-((4-chloro-6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (4.4 mg, 0.011 mmol, 18% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.01 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.68 (s, 1H), 8.33 (dd, J=9.4, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.85 (dd, J=10.5, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.66 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 7.60-7.53 (m, 1H), 4.04 (s, 2H), 1.85 (dt, J=12.7, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 1.45 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 1.18 (s, 3H), 0.96 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 388.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 21 H 24 ClFN 3 O, 388.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.82 min.

(S)-1-((4-chloro-6-(7-(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Prepared as described in Example 53, Part A. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-((4,6-dichloropyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (765.6 mg, 2.03 mmol, 74% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 8.05-8.02 (m, 1H), 7.35 (s, 1H), 4.55 (s, 1H), 4.30 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.11 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 1.91-1.75 (m, 2H), 1.58-1.48 (m, 1H), 1.41-1.38 (m, 12H), 0.98 (m, 6H). LCMS (ESI) m/e 399.0 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 17 H 26 Cl 2 NaN 2 O 3 , 399.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.41 min.

Part B: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Suzuki coupling was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-(7-fluoroquinolin-4-yl)-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (26.3 mg, 0.049 mmol, 33% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 538.1 [(M+H) + , calcd C 27 H 32 ClF 3 N 3 O 3 , 538.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.51 min.

Part C: (S)-1-((4-chloro-6-(7-(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

TFA deprotection as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-1-((4-chloro-6-(7-(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (17.7 mg, 0.040 mmol, 83% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.14 (d, J=4.3 Hz, 1H), 8.69 (s, 1H), 8.49 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 8.45 (s, 1H), 8.06 (s, 1H), 7.90 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.85 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 4.04 (s, 2H), 1.85 (dt, J=12.5, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 1.45 (t, J=5.8 Hz, 2H), 1.18 (s, 3H), 0.95 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 438.3 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 24 ClF 3 N 3 O, 438.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =1.66 min.

(S)-1-((4-chloro-2′,3′-dimethyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((4-chloro-2,3′-dimethyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

Suzuki coupling was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained (S)-tert-butyl (1-((4-chloro-2′,3′-dimethyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethypentan-2-yl)carbamate (23 mg, 0.014 mmol, 7% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 448.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 24 H 35 ClN 3 O 3 , 448.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.14 min.

TFA deprotection as described in Example 32. Obtained (S)-1-((4-chloro-2′,3′-dimethyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (1.5 mg, 4.14 μmmol, 8% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.46 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.42 (s, 1H), 7.46 (s, 1H), 7.28 (br. s., 1H), 4.08 (br. s., 2H), 2.57 (s, 3H), 2.07 (s, 3H), 1.61 (br. s., 1H), 1.43-1.25 (m, 2H), 1.15 (br. s., 3H), 0.91-0.66 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 348.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 19 H 27 ClN 3 O, 348.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.34 min.

Prepared as described in Example 193. Obtained (R)-1-((5-bromo-3-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (275 mg, 0.465 mmol, 55% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 320.1 [(M−NH 2 ) + , calcd C 13 H 17 BrF 2 NO, 320.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.95 min.

Suzuki coupling was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained (R)-1-((3-(difluoromethyl)-5-(quinolin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (6.3 mg, 0.016 mmol, 24% yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.98 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.52 (s, 1H), 8.16-8.12 (m, 2H), 7.87-7.80 (m, 2H), 7.69-7.62 (m, 1H), 7.56 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (t, J=1.0 Hz, 1H), 4.19 (s, 2H), 1.87-1.78 (m, 1H), 1.49-1.38 (m, 2H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 0.94 (m, 6H), two exchangeable protons not observed; LCMS (ESI) m/e 386.2 [(M+H) + , calcd C 22 H 26 F 2 N 3 O, 386.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.65 min.

Prepared as described in Example 29, Part A. Obtained benzyl (1-(4-bromo-2-methylphenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (33 mg, 0.076 mmol, 27% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 456.1 [(M+Na) + , calcd C 22 H 28 BrNO 3 Na, 456.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =2.55 min.

Suzuki reaction was performed as described in Example 193. Obtained benzyl (1-((3′-amino-3-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (21.1 mg, 0.047 mmol, 62% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.38-7.29 (m, 7H), 7.21 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 6.99-6.94 (m, 1H), 6.88 (t, J=1.9 Hz, 2H), 6.65 (ddd, J=7.9, 2.3, 0.9 Hz, 1H), 5.06 (s, 2H), 4.93 (s, 1H), 4.13 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.99 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.73 (br. s., 2H), 2.28 (s, 3H), 1.92-1.77 (m, 2H), 1.72-1.65 (m, 1H), 1.48 (s, 3H), 0.98 (m, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 447.5 [(M+H) + , calcd C 28 H 35 N 2 O 3 , 447.6]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.38 min.

Acetyl chloride (1 drop) was added to a solution of benzyl (1-((3′-amino-3-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.0221 g, 0.049 mmol) in CH 2 Cl 2 (2 mL) at room temperature. The reaction was stirred for 10 min at room temperature before addition of triethylamine (1 drop). The reaction was stirred for 2 h the concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was carried on without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 489.5 [(M+H) + , calcd C 30 H 37 N 2 O 4 , 489.3]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.39 min.

A mixture of Pd/C (3 mg, 2.82 μmol) and benzyl (1-((3′-acetamido-3-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (23.94 mg, 0.049 mmol) in ethanol (3 mL) was hydrogenated via a H 2 balloon at room temperature overnight. The reaction was filtered through a diatomaceous earth pad (Celite®) and washed with DCM. The filtrate was concentrated and the residue was purified by reverse phase Prep HPLC. Obtained N-(4′-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3′-methyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)acetamide (11.4 mg, 0.031 mmol, 64% yield) as an off-white solid. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 9.99 (s, 1H), 7.82 (s, 1H), 7.51 (d, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.41-7.24 (m, 4H), 6.98 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 3.72 (d, J=3.1 Hz, 2H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 2.07 (s, 3H), 1.85-1.78 (m, 1H), 1.46-1.41 (m, 2H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 0.93 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 6H); LCMS (ESI) m/e 338.4 [(M−NH 2 ) + , calcd C 22 H 28 NO 2 , 338.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A): t R =2.03 min.

(R)-2,4-dimethyl-1-((3-methyl-5-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)pentan-2-amine

A stirred solution of 4-chloro-2-methylpyrimidine (100 mg, 0.778 mmol), Cs 2 CO 3 (507 mg, 1.556 mmol), (6-fluoro-5-methylpyridin-3-yl)boronic acid (121 mg, 0.778 mmol) in a mixture of 1,4-dioxane (6 mL) and water (0.5 mL) was purged with nitrogen for 3 min. XPhos 2 nd generation precatalyst (61.2 mg, 0.078 mmol) was added in one portion and the reaction mixture was heated to 80° C. and stirred for 1 h. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature. Water (20 mL) was added and the solution was extracted with EtOAc (2×30 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (EtOAc in hexanes) to afford 4-(6-fluoro-5-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-methylpyrimidine (115 mg, 0.521 mmol, 67% yield) as an off-white solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 204.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 11 H 11 FN 3 , 204.1]; LC/MS retention time (method Al) t R =1.90 min.

To a stirred solution of 4-(6-fluoro-5-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-methylpyrimidine (15 mg, 0.068 mmol) and (R)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (8.91 mg, 0.068 mmol) in DMF (0.6 mL) was added cesium carbonate (22.13 mg, 0.068 mmol) under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH (2 mL) and filtered through diatomaceous earth (Celite®) washing with MeOH. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified via preparative LC/MS using method-A to afford (R)-2,4-dimethyl-1-((3-methyl-5-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)pentan-2-amine (3 mg, 8.59 umol, 13% yield) as a pale yellow solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d 4 ) δ 8.79 (dd, J=0.6, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.66 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 8.37-8.27 (m, 1H), 7.77 (dd, J=0.5, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 4.32 (s, 2H), 2.75 (s, 3H), 2.37 (s, 3H), 1.88-1.85 (m, 1H), 1.65 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 1.62-1.54 (m, 1H), 1.33 (s, 3H), 1.02 (m, 6H) ppm. LCMS (ESI) m/e 315.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 18 H 27 N 4 O, 315.2]; LC/MS retention time (method I) t R =1.05 min. LCMS (ESI) m/e 315.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 18 H 27 N 4 O, 315.2]; LC/MS retention time (method H) t R =1.26 min.

(S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-((3-methyl-5-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)pentan-2-amine

To a stirred solution of 4-(6-fluoro-5-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-methylpyrimidine (50 mg, 0.226 mmol) (prepared as described in Example 263) and (S)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (29.7 mg, 0.226 mmol) in THF (3 mL) was added potassium tert-butoxide (1M in THF) (0.453 mL, 0.453 mmol) dropwise under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was allowed to stir at ambient temperature for 5 h. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in 2 mL of MeOH and purified via preparative LC/MS using method-A to afford (S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-((3-methyl-5-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)pentan-2-amine (25 mg, 0.053 mmol, 23% yield) as a pale yellow solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d 4 ) δ 8.78 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.65 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 8.34-8.28 (m, 1H), 7.76 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 4.27 (s, 2H), 2.74 (s, 3H), 2.36 (s, 3H), 1.86 (s, 1H), 1.58 (dd, J=5.3, 14.8 Hz, 2H), 1.29 (s, 3H), 1.01 (m, 6H). LCMS (ESI) m/e 315.2 [(M+H) + , Calcd for C 18 H 27 N 4 O, 315.2]; LC/MS retention time (method H) t R =1.94 min. LCMS (ESI) m/e 315.2 [(M+H) + , Calcd for C 18 H 27 N 4 O, 315.2]; LC/MS retention time (method I) t R =1.57 min.

methyl 5-(2-amino-4-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pentyloxy)-6-methyl-2,4′-bipyridin-2′-ylcarbamate

To a stirred solution of 4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (5.49 g, 32.0 mmol) in benzene (50 mL) cooled to 0° C. was added methyl 3,3,3-trifluoro-2-oxopropanoate (5 g, 32.0 mmol) stirred for 1 h. SOCl 2 (2.81 mL, 38.4 mmol) was added dropwise under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 20 min. A solution of pyridine (5.18 mL, 64.1 mmol) in benzene (5 mL) was added dropwise to the reaction mixture at 0° C. and the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirring continued for 2 h. Pyridine hydrochloride was filtered off, the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue was taken for next step without purification. (8 g, 25.9 mmol, 81% yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): δ 7.71-7.73 (m, 2H), 7.35-7.38 (m, 2H), 3.75 (s, 3H), 2.38 (s, 3H) ppm.

To a nitrogen flushed 1L three necked round bottom flask was added (E)-methyl 3,3,3-trifluoro-2-(tosylimino)propionate (5 g, 16.17 mmol) and THF (40 mL). The suspension was cooled to −5° C. with an ice/IPA bath and purged with nitrogen for 5 min. A solution of (2-methylallyl) magnesium chloride in THF (42.0 mL, 21.02 mmol) was added slowly, keeping the temperature below 5° C. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature over a period of 3 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated solution of NH 4 Cl (100 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (100 mL), dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, concentrated in vacuum and the residue was purified by silica-gel chromatography (0-20% petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to give methyl 4-methyl-2-(4-methylphenylsulfonamido)-2-(trifluoromethyl) pent-4-enoate (2.5 g, 6.84 mmol, 42% yield) as a off-white semi-solid which was used for the next step without further purification. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): δ 8.77 (s, 1H), 7.69 (d, J=8.40 Hz, 2H), 7.38 (d, J=8.00 Hz, 2H), 4.74-4.85 (m, 2H), 3.63 (s, 3H), 2.64-2.70 (m, 2H), 2.39 (s, 3H), 1.57 (s, 3H) ppm.

To a stirred solution of methyl 4-methyl-2-(4-methylphenylsulfonamido)-2-(trifluoromethyl) pent-4-enoate (1 g, 2.63 mmol) in MeOH (5 mL),Pd/C (0.280 g, 2.63 mmol) was added in portions to the reaction mixture under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature under hydrogen atmosphere (1 atm) for 16 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with methanol (50 mL), filtered through diatomaceous earth (Celite®), and the bed was washed with methanol (30 mL). The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford methyl 4-methyl-2-(4-methylphenylsulfonamido)-2-(trifluoromethyl) pentanoate (0.92 g, 2.454 mmol, 93% yield) as a colorless oil which was carried forward without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 366.0 [(M−H) + , calcd for C 15 H 19 F 3 NO 4 S 366.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A2): t R =2.34 min.

A solution of methyl 4-methyl-2-(4-methylphenylsulfonamido)-2-(trifluoromethyl)pentanoate (0.15 g, 0.408 mmol) in THF (5 mL) was cooled at 0° C. LAH in THF (0.163 mL, 0.408 mmol) was added dropwise and the mixture stirred for 10 min. The reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 4 h. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to 0° C. and saturated sodium sulfate solution was added dropwise until completion of effervescence. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filtrate were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 4-methyl-N-(1,1,1-trifluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide as colorless oil which was carried forward without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 338.2 [(M−H) + , calcd for C 14 H 19 F 3 NO 3 S 338.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A2): t R =2.07 min.

Part E: N-(2-(((6-bromo-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)-1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methylpentan-2-yl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide

To a solution of 4-methyl-N-(1,1,1-trifluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methylpentan-2 yl) benzene sulfonamide (0.1 g, 0.295 mmol) in DMF (4 mL) cooled at 0° C. was added NaH (7.07 mg, 0.295 mmol) followed by slow addition of 6-bromo-3-fluoro-2-methylpyridine (0.062 g, 0.324 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 5 min at 0° C. then allowed to stir at 80° C. for 4 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with water (20 mL). The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (20 mL) and the organic layer was separated out. The organic layer was dried over Na 2 SO 4 and evaporated under reduced pressure to give a brown color solid that was purified by silica-gel chromatography (pet ether/ethyl acetate) to afford N-(2-(((6-bromo-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)-1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methylpentan-2-yl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (70 mg, 0.137 mmol, 47% yield) as a brown color solid which was carried forward without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 509.1 (bromo pattern) [(M+H) + , calcd for C 20 H 25 BrF 3 N 2 O 3 S 509.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A2): t R =2.45 min.

A 50 mL round bottom flask containing N-(2-(((6-bromo-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)-1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methylpentan-2-yl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (45 mg, 0.088 mmol) was cooled at 0° C. and sulfuric acid (2 mL, 37.5 mmol) was added dropwise to the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture was allowed to stir at 0° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was poured into saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (pH˜8-9) and extracted with ethyl acetate(3×20 mL). The combined the organic extracts were dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford crude 2-(((6-bromo-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)-1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methylpentan-2-amine (crude yield) (25 mg, 0.070 mmol, 80% yield) as a brown semi-solid which was carried forward without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 355.0 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 13 H 19 BrF 3 N 2 O 355.1]; LC/MS retention time (method A2): t R =2.84 min.

Part G: Methyl 5-(2-amino-4-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pentyloxy)-6-methyl-2,4′-bipyridin-2′-ylcarbamate

A solution of methyl (4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (30 mg, 0.108 mmol), 2-(((6-bromo-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)-1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methylpentan-2-amine (38.3 mg, 0.108 mmol), and Cs 2 CO 3 in water (0.108 mL, 0.216 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (5 mL) was purged with nitrogen gas for 10 min. PdCl 2 (dppf)-CH 2 Cl 2 adduct (8.81 mg, 10.79 μmol) was added to the reaction mixture and the solution was purged with nitrogen gas again for 10 min. The reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 12 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated, dissolved in ethyl acetate (20 mL) and water (20 mL). The biphasic mixture was filtered through diatomaceous earth (Celite®). The bed was washed with ethyl acetate (25 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by preparative LC/MS (method A) to afford methyl 5-(2-amino-4-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pentyloxy)-6-methyl-2,4′-bipyridin-2′-ylcarbamate (11 mg, 0.025 mmol, 24% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 427.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 20 H 26 F 3 N 4 O 3 427.2]; LC/MS retention time (method H): t R =2.68 min. 1 H NMR(400 MHz, methanol: δ 8.33 (d, J=6.40 Hz, 1H), 8.24 (s, 1H), 7.97-8.02 (m, 2H), 7.59 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 1H), 4.42-4.53 (m, 2H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 2.61 (s, 3H), 1.96-2.03 (m, 3H), 1.05-1.09 (m, 6H) ppm.

1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methyl-2-(((3-methyl-5-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)methyl)pentan-2-amine

Part A: 4-methyl-N-(1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methyl-2-(((3-methyl-5-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)methyl)pentan-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide

To a stirred solution of 4-(6-fluoro-5-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-methylpyrimidine (40 mg, 0.197 mmol) (prepared as described in Example 263) and 4-methyl-N-(1,1,1-trifluoro-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (66.8 mg, 0.197 mmol) (prepared as described in Example 273) in tetrahydrofuran (5 mL) was added potassium tert-butoxide (44.2 mg, 0.394 mmol) under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 12 h. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. Water (15 mL) was added and the solution was extracted with EtOAc (2×15 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water (10 mL) and brine (10 mL). The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep. TLC using a mobile phase of (30% EtOAc in hexanes). Required product band was collected and stirred in DCM (25 mL), passed through a diatomaceous earth (Celite®) pad and the pad was washed with DCM (20 mL). The combined filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure to afford 4-methyl-N-(1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methyl-2-(43-methyl-5-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)methyl)pentan-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide(65 mg, 0.037 mmol, 19% yield) as yellow oil. The product was carried forward without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 523.6 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 25 H 30 F 3 N 4 O 3 S, 523.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B) t R =1.12 min.

Part B. 1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methyl-2-(((3-methyl-5-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)methyl)pentan-2-amine

To a stirred solution of 4-methyl-N-(1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methyl-2-(((3-methyl-5-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)methyl)pentan-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (45 mg, 0.026 mmol) in sulfuric acid (2 mL) was stirred for 2 h. The reaction mixture was poured slowly into saturated aq. sodium bicarbonate solution and the pH was adjusted to 8, The solution was extracted with EtOAc (2×15 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified via preparative LC/MS using method-B to afford 1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methyl-2-(((3-methyl-5-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)methyl)pentan-2-amine (5 mg, 0.013 mmol, 52% yield) as a pale yellow solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) δ ppm 8.76 (s,1H), 8.62 (d, J=5.02 Hz, 1H), 8.29 (s, 1H), 7.74 (d, J=5.52 Hz, 1H), 4.46(m, 2H) 3.7 (s, 3H), 2.2 (s, 3H), 1.9 (m, 1H), 1.8 (m, 1 H), 1.6 (m, 1H) 0.9-1.1 (m, 6H) ppm. LCMS (ESI) m/e 369.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 18 H 24 F 3 N 4 O, 369.2]; LC/MS retention time (method I) t R =2.17 min. LCMS (ESI) m/e 369.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 18 H 24 F 3 N 4 O, 369.2]; LC/MS retention time (method H) t R =2.88 min.

(S)-6-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl) oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl) pyrimidin -4-amine

A mixture of 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (1.0 g, 6.71 mmol), acetamide (0.396 g, 6.71 mmol), Cs 2 CO 3 (4.37 g, 13.42 mmol), PdOAc 2 (0.060 g, 0.268 mmol) and XANTPHOS (0.350 g, 0.604 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (5 mL) was heated at 75° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with water (15 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×20 mL). The ethyl acetate layer was collected, washed with brine (15 mL), dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford N-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)acetamide (0.75 g, 4.24 mmol, 63% yield) as a brown solid. LCMS (ESI) mile 172.0 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 6 H 7 ClN 3 O 172.0]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.57 min.

To a mixture of 4-bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl) phenol (4 g, 16.60 mmol) in DMF (50 mL) cooled at 0° C., was added K 2 CO 3 (6.88 g, 49.8 mmol) in portions followed by slow addition of (S)-tert-butyl 4-isobutyl-4-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (prepared as described in Example 32, Parts A-E) (5.36 g, 18.26 mmol) in 10 mL DMF. The reaction mixture was slowly allowed to warm to room temperature then stirred at 80° C. for 12 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C. and quenched with aqueous ammonium chloride (100 mL). The reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (2×100 mL). The organic layer was washed with water (2×50 mL), brine (50 mL), dried over Na 2 SO 4 , and concentrated to afford crude (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (6.5 g, 13.16 mmol, 79% yield) as a colorless oil which was carried forward without further purification. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): δ 7.74-7.81 (m, 2H), 7.19 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 1H), 6.52 (s, 1H), 4.02-4.24 (m, 2H), 1.69-1.80 (m, 2H), 1.41-1.50 (m, 1H), 1.40 (s, 9H), 1.25 (s, 3H), 0.83-0.96 (m, 6H) ppm.

Part C. (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(6-acetamidopyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of N-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)acetamide (0.03 g, 0.175 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 215, Parts A and B) (0.063 g, 0.125 mmol), PdCl 2 (dppf)-CH 2 Cl 2 adduct (10.20 mg, 0.012 mmol) and Cs 2 CO 3 (0.122 g, 0.375 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL) was heated at 80° C. overnight. The solution was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. Water (50 mL) was added and the solution was extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water (50 mL) and brine (50 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to (S)-tert-butyl(1-(4-(6-acetamidopyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.05 g, 0.076 mmol, 61% yield) as semi-solid which was carried forward without further purification. LCMS (ES-API) m/e 511.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 25 H 34 F 3 N 4 O 4 , 511.2]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =2.54 min.

To a stirred solution of (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(6-acetamidopyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl) phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl) carbamate (0.05 g, 0.098 mmol) in MeOH (2 mL) at 0° C., 4N HCl in 1,4-dioxane (0.245 mL, 0.979 mmol) was added and stirred for 1 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford (S)-6-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrimidin-4-amine (0.01 g, 0.027 mmol, 27% yield) as a pale yellow solid which was carried forward without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 369.0 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 18 H 24 F 3 N 4 O, 369.2]; LCMS retention time (method F): t R =1.37 min; LCMS retention time (method G): t R =0.81 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD): δ 8.61 (s, 1H), 8.20 (m, 2H), 7.53 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (d, J=0.80 Hz, 1H), 4.29-4.37 (m, 2H), 1.85-1.92 (m, 2H), 1.71-1.77 (m, 1H), 1.55 (s, 3H), 1.02-1.08 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-1-((2-(fluoromethyl-6-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

To a solution of 6-bromo-3-fluoropicolinaldehyde (1.7 g, 8.33 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) at 0° C. was added NaBH 4 (0.473 g, 12.50 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, diluted with water (10 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×50 mL). The ethyl acetate layer was washed with water (1×20 mL), saturated NaCl (1×20 mL), dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford (6-bromo-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)methanol (1.6 g, 7.53 mmol, 90% yield) was isolated as a brown solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 205.9 (bromo pattern) [(M+H) + , calcd for C 6 H 6 BrFNO, 205.9]; LC/MS retention time (Method C): t R =0.56 min.

A solution of (6-bromo-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)methanol (800 mg, 3.88 mmol) in dichloromethane (15 mL) was cooled to −20° C. and DAST (1.539 mL, 11.65 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C., quenched with saturated sodium bicarbonate (10 mL), extracted with dichloromethane(2×25 mL). The dicholormethane layer was washed with water (1×20 mL), saturated NaCl (1×20 mL),was dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified on silica gel chromatography (0-35% petroleum ether in ethyl acetate) to afford 6-bromo-3-fluoro-2-(fluoromethyl)pyridine (500 mg, 2.40 mmol, 62% yield) as a brown solid. GCMS (ESI) m/e 207.0 [(M) + , calcd for C 6 H 7 BrF 2 N, 207.0]; GC/MS retention time (method E): t R =6.52 min.

A solution of 4-chloro-2-methylpyrimidine (100 mg, 0.778 mmol), hexamethylditin (129 μl, 0.622 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0) (44.9 mg, 0.039 mmol) and 6-bromo-3-fluoro-2-(fluoromethyl)pyridine (113 mg, 0.544 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane was purged with nitrogen and irradiated in a microwave at 120° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and diluted with ethyl acetate (25 mL). The black suspension was filtered through diatomaceous earth (Celite®) and the bed was washed with ethyl acetate (10 mL). The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The black residue was purified via silica gel chromatography (0-25% petroleum ether in ethyl acetate) to afford 4-(5-fluoro-6-(fluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-methylpyrimidine (35 mg, 0.123 mmol, 16% yield) as a brown semi-solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 222.9 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 11 H 10 F 2 N 3 , 222.1]; LC/MS retention time (Method C): t R =0.81 min.

Part D. (S)-1-((2-(fluoromethyl)-6-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

To a solution of 4-(5-fluoro-6-(fluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-methylpyrimidine (35 mg, 0.158 mmol) in THF (3 mL) at 0° C. was added 1 M potassium tert-butoxide in THF (0.237 mL, 0.237 mmol) and (S)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol. The reaction mixture was allowed to stir for 2 h at room temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (5 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×50 mL). The ethyl acetate layer was washed with water (1×10 mL), saturated NaCl (1×10 mL), dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The brown semi-solid residue was purified on silica gel chromatography (0-10% MeOH in DCM) to afford (S)-1-((2-(fluoromethyl)-6-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (23 mg, 0.062 mmol, 39% yield) as a pale yellow semi-solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 333.2[(M+H) + , calcd for C 18 H 26 FN 4 O 333.41]; LC/MS retention time (Method G) t R =1.63 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d 4 ): δ 8.73 (d, J=5.40 Hz, 1H) 8.57 (dd, J=8.72, 1.69 Hz, 1H) 8.22 (dd, J=5.40, 0.50 Hz, 1H) 7.65 (d, J=8.53 Hz, 1H) 5.70 (d, J=1.95 Hz, 1H) 5.58 (d, J=1.88 Hz, 1H) 3.94-4.04 (m, 2H) 2.77 (s, 3H) 1.80-1.93 (m, 1H) 1.52-1.69 (m, 2H) 1.29-1.31 (m, 3H) 0.99-1.04 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-6-(fluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate

Prepared in a similar fashion as described in Example 279. (S)-methyl (5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-6-(fluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-2′-yl)carbamate. TFA (46 mg, 0.089 mmol, 58% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 391.3 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 20 H 28 FN 4 O 3 . TFA 391.2]; LC/MS retention time (method H): t R =1.32 min; LC/MS retention time (method I): t R =1.36 min. 1 H NMR(400 MHz, Methanol-d4): δ 8.43-8.29 (m, 2H), 8.22-8.14 (m, 1H), 7.98-7.89 (m, 1H), 7.71-7.73 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 5.84-5.56 (m, 2H), 4.38-4.29 (m, 1H), 4.27-4.20 (m, 1H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 1.90 (s, 2H), 1.80-1.68 (m, 1H), 1.55 (s, 3H), 1.13-1.00 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-6-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyrimidin-4-amine

Part A. (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-chloro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-chlorophenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (1.2 g, 2.85 mmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (0.797 g, 3.14 mmol), potassium acetate (0.840 g, 8.56 mmol and PdCl 2 (dppf)-CH 2 Cl 2 adduct (0.116 g, 0.143 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (20 mL) was heated at 90° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was filtered through celite and the celite bed was washed with ethyl acetate (100 mL). The organic layer was washed with water (50 mL). The aqueous layer was re-extracted with ethyl acetate (2×50 mL). The organic layer was collected, washed with brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford (S)-tert-butyl(1-(2-chloro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (1.2 g, 2.57 mmol, 90% yield) as colorless liquid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 7.78 (d, J=1.60 Hz, 1H), 7.61-7.63 (m, 1H), 6.91 (d, J=8.00 Hz, 1H), 4.10-4.19 (m, 1H), 4.63 (s, 1H), 4.02 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 1H), 1.79-1.87 (m, 2H), 1.57-1.62 (m, 1H), 1.51 (s, 3H), 1.33-1.41 (m, 12H), 0.96-0.98 (m, 6H) ppm.

Part B. (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(6-acetamidopyrimidin-4-yl)-2-chlorophenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of N-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)acetamide (prepared as described in Example 278) (0.03 g, 0.175 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-chloro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate) (0.058 g, 0.125 mmol), PdCl 2 (dppf)-CH 2 Cl 2 adduct (10.20 mg, 0.012 mmol) and Cs 2 CO 3 (0.122 g, 0.375 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL) was heated at 80° C. overnight. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. Water (15 mL) was added and the solution was extracted with EtOAc (2×20 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water (20 mL) and brine (20 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (EtOAc in hexanes) to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(6-acetamidopyrimidin- 4-yl)-2-chlorophenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.05 g, 0.093 mmol, 75% yield) as a semi-solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 475.9 [(M−H) + , calcd for C 24 H 32 ClN 4 O 4 475.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A2): t R =2.43 min.

To a solution of (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(6-acetamidopyrimidin-4-yl)-2-chlorophenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl) carbamate (0.05 g, 0.105 mmol) in MeOH (2 mL) cooled to 0° C. was added 4N HCl in 1,4-dioxane (0.262 mL, 1.048 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 1 h at room temperature. The crude material was purified by prep LC/MS (method A) to afford (S)-6-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyrimidin- 4-amine (0.026 g, 0.077 mmol, 73% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 335.0 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 17 H 24 ClN 4 O 335.2]; LCMS retention time (method F): t R =1.17 min; LCMS retention time (method G): t R =0.73 min. 1 H (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 8.61 (d, J=0.80 Hz, 1H), 8.03 (d, J=2.00 Hz, 1H), 7.87 (d, J=10.80 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 1H), 6.99 (d, J=0.40 Hz, 1H), 4.25-4.32 (m, 2H), 1.87-1.98 (m, 2H), 1.72-1.76 (m, 1H), 1.55 (s, 3H), 1.03-1.09 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of 4-chloro-2-methylpyrimidine (0.035 g, 0.272 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 215, Parts A and B) (0.137 g, 0.272 mmol), potassium phosphate (tribasic) (0.058 g, 0.272 mmol), and KBr (0.032 g, 0.272 mmol) were taken in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL). The reaction mixture was purged with nitrogen gas for 30 min and PdCl 2 (dppf)-CH 2 Cl 2 adduct (0.022 g, 0.027 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was again purged with nitrogen gas for another 10 min and heated at 80° C. for 2 h. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with water (20 mL) and ethyl acetate (20 mL). The biphasic mixture was filtered through diatomaceous earth (Celite®). The bed was washed with ethyl acetate (25 mL) and the ethyl acetate layer was separated, dried over to Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford (S)-tert-butyl (2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate(0.06 g, 0.128 mmol, 47% yield) as a brown solid which was carried forward without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 468.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 24 H 33 F 3 N 3 O 3 468.2]; LC/MS retention time (Method A1): t R =3.51 min.

To a solution of (S)-tert-butyl (2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.06 g, 0.128 mmol) in dichloromethane (2 mL) at 0° C. was added TFA (0.198 mL, 2.57 mmol) and the mixture stirred for 5min at 0° C. The reaction mixture was allowed to stir for 4 h at room temperature, then was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by prep LC/MS (method B) to afford (S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-amine (39.2 mg, 0.061 mmol, 47% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 368.0 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 19 H 25 F 3 N 3 O 368.2]; LC/MS retention time (method H): t R =1.67 min; LC/MS retention time (method I): t R =1.12 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d4): δ 8.71 (d, J=5.60 Hz, 1H), 8.46-8.53 (m, 2H), 7.85 (d, J=5.60 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 1H), 4.25-4.33 (m, 2H), 2.76 (s, 3H), 1.84-1.91 (m, 2H), 1.69-1.75 (m, 1H), 1.53 (s, 3H), 1.01-1.06 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-amine

Part A: (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-aminopyridin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

To a solution of 4-chloropyridin-2-amine (0.2 g, 1.556 mmol) in THF (30 mL) was added (S)-tert-butyl (2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 215, Parts A and B) (0.780 g, 1.56 mmol) and potassium phosphate, dibasic (2.33 mL, 4.67 mmol). The reaction mixture was purged with argon for 10 min and XPhos 2 nd generation precatalyst (0.061 g, 0.078 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was again purged with argon for 10 min and heated for 3 h at 65° C. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and diluted with ethyl acetate (10 mL) and water (10 mL) and the organic layer was separated. The aqueous layer was again extracted with ethyl acetate (2×18 mL). The combined ethyl acetate layers were washed with brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by Preparative TLC (70% ethyl acetate in hexanes). The required spot was collected, dissolved in 40 mL of 5% MeOH in DCM, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-aminopyridin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.375 g, 0.798 mmol, 51% yield) as an off-white solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 468.4 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 24 H 33 F 3 N 3 O 3 , 468.2]; LC/MS retention time (Method A1): t R =2.38 min.

To a solution (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-aminopyridin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.050 g, 0.106 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 mL) at 0° C. was added TFA (0.5 μL, 6.49 μmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to stir for 2 h at room temperature, then was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by prep LC/MS (method A) to afford (S)-4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridin-2-amine (0.019 g, 0.051 mmol, 48% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 368.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 19 H 25 F 3 N 3 O, 368.2]; LC/MS retention time (method H): t R =1.54 min; LC/MS retention time (method I): t R =0.99 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD): δ 7.95-7.88 (m, 3H), 7.29 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.88-6.82 (m, 2H), 4.03-3.97 (m, 2H), 1.91-1.88 (m, 1H), 1.86-1.79 (m, 2H), 1.30 (s, 3H), 1.0-0.9 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-((5-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(oxazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)pentan-2-amine

To a solution of 5-bromo-2-fluoronicotinaldehyde (0.2 g, 0.980 mmol) in methanol (1.25 mL) was added TOSMIC (0.191 g, 0.980 mmol) and K 2 CO 3 (0.135 g, 0.980 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated by high vacuum and the residue was diluted with water (2 mL) and ethyl acetate (8 mL). The organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer was again extracted with ethyl acetate (2×10 mL). The combined ethyl acetate layers were washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by silica gel column chromatography (40% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to afford 5-(5-bromo-2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)oxazole (0.189 g, 0.732 mmol, 75% yield) as an off-white solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 243.03 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 8 H 5 BrFN 2 O, 243.0]; LC/MS retention time (method Al): t R =1.79 min.

A solution of 4-chloro-2-methylpyrimidine (0.050 g, 0.389 mmol), 5-(5-bromo-2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)oxazole (0.100 g, 0.389 mmol) and hexamethylditin (0.097 mL, 0.467 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.1 mL) was purged with argon for 15 min and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0) (0.045 g, 0.039 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was again purged with argon for 5 min and heated in a microwave for 1 h at 110° C. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (8 mL) and water (5 mL) and the organic layer separated. The aqueous layer was extracted again with ethyl acetate (2×5 mL). The combined ethyl acetate layers were washed with brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The reaction mixture was purified by Preparative TLC (70% ethyl acetate in hexanes). The required spot was collected, dissolved 5% methanol in dichloromethane (30 mL), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 5-(2-fluoro-5-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxazole (0.070 g, 0.098 mmol, 25% yield) as an off-white solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 257.0 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 13 H 10 FN 4 O, 257.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.86 min.

Part C. (S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-((5-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(oxazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)pentan-2-amine

To a solution 5-(2-fluoro-5-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxazole (0.076 g, 0.107 mmol) in DMF (0.8 mL) was added (S)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (0.014 g, 0.107 mmol) and Cs 2 CO 3 (0.070 g, 0.214 mmol) and the reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 16 h. To the reaction mixture the chilled water and ethyl acetate (4 mL) was added and stirred for 5 min. The organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer was washed with ethyl acetate (2×3 mL). The combined ethyl acetate layers were washed with brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by prep LC/MS (method B) to afford (S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-((5-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(oxazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)pentan-2-amine, TFA (0.002 g, 4.04 μmol, 4% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 368.3 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 20 H 26 N 5 O 2 , 368.2]; LC/MS retention time (method H): t R =1.25 min; LC/MS retention time (method I): t R =0.95 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD): δ 8.77 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.73 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.51 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.66 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (s, 1H), 4.62 (m, 2H), 2.56 (s, 3H), 1.80-1.65 (m, 2H), 1.48-1.55 (m, 1H), 1.5 (s, 3H), 0.9 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-((6-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-4-(oxazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)pentan-2-amine

To a solution of 2-bromo-5-fluoroisonicotinaldehyde (0.1 g, 0.490 mmol) in MeOH (2.5 mL) was added TOSMIC (0.096 g, 0.490 mmol) and K 2 CO 3 (0.068 g, 0.490 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated by high vacuum and the residue was diluted with water (2 mL) and ethyl acetate (4 mL). The organic layer was separated and aqueous layer was again extracted with ethyl acetate (2×4 mL). The combined ethyl acetate layers were washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 5-(2-bromo-5-fluoropyridin-4-yl)oxazole (0.098 g, 0.382 mmol, 78% yield) as an off-white solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 243.0 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 8 H 5 BrFN 2 O 243.0]; LC/MS retention time (method H): t R =1.87 min.

A solution of 4-chloro-2-methylpyrimidine (0.050 g, 0.389 mmol), 5-(2-bromo-5-fluoropyridin-4-yl)oxazole (0.095 g, 0.389 mmol) and hexamethylditin (0.097 mL, 0.467 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.2 mL) was purged with argon for 15 min and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0) (0.045 g, 0.039 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was again purged with argon for 5 min and heated in a microwave vial for 1 h at 110° C. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (8 mL) and water(5 mL),separated the organic layer and the aqueous layer was washed with ethyl acetate (2×5 mL). The combined ethyl acetate layers were washed with brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The reaction mixture was purified by Preparative TLC (70% ethyl acetate in hexanes). The required spot was collected, dissolved 5% methanol in dichloromethane (30 mL), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 5-(5-fluoro-2-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-4-yl)oxazole (0.098 g, 0.099 mmol, 26% yield) as a colorless solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 257.0 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 13 H 10 FN 4 O 257.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.07 min.

Part C. (S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-((6-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-4-(oxazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)pentan-2-amine

A solution of 5-(5-fluoro-2-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-4-yl)oxazole (0.098 g, 0.099 mmol), (S)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (0.013 g, 0.099 mmol) and Cs 2 CO 3 (0.065 g, 0.199 mmol) in DMF (0.8 mL) was heated at 80° C. for 16 h. To the reaction mixture was added chilled water and ethyl acetate (4 mL) and the mixture stirred for 5 min. The organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer was washed with ethyl acetate (2×3 mL). The combined ethyl acetate layers were washed with brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by prep LC/MS (method C) to afford (S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-((6-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-4-(oxazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)pentan-2-amine, TFA (0.004 g, 7.63 μmol, 8% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 368.3 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 20 H 26 N 5 O 2 368.2]; LC/MS retention time (method H): t R =1.29 min; LC/MS retention time (method I): t R =0.91 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD): δ 8.89 (s, 1H), 8.75 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 8.66 (s, 1H), 8.46 (s, 1H), 8.2 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 7.87 (s, 1H), 4.32 (s, 2H), 2.79 (s, 3H), 1.90-1.65 (m, 3H), 1.42 (s, 3H), 1.05 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-methyl (5-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)pyridazin-3-yl)carbamate

A mixture of 3,5-dichloropyridazine (1.5 g, 10.07 mmol), methyl carbamate (0.831 g, 11.08 mmol), XANTPHOS (0.466 g, 0.805 mmol), PdOAc 2 (0.226 g, 1.007 mmol) and Cs 2 CO 3 (6.56 g, 20.14 mmol) were taken in 1,4-dioxane (40 mL) and heated at 85° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated, diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was collected, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford methyl (5-chloropyridazin-3-yl)carbamate (1.71 g, 9.12 mmol, 91% yield) as a brown solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 187.9 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 6 H 7 ClN 3 O 2 188.0]; LC/MS retention time (Method C): t R =0.59 min.

Part B. Boc-(S)-methyl (5-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)pyridazin-3-yl)carbamate

A mixture of methyl (5-chloropyridazin-3-yl)carbamate (0.03 g, 0.160 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-cyano-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as in Example 86, Parts A and B) (0.073 g, 0.160 mmol), KBr (0.019 g, 0.160 mmol), potassium phosphate, tribasic (0.056 g, 0.320 mmol) and Pd(Ph 3 P) 4 (0.015 g, 0.013 mmol) were taken in 1,4-dioxane (1 mL) and heated at 100° C. overnight. After cooling, the reaction mixture was concentrated, diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was collected, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford crude Boc-(S)-methyl (5-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)pyridazin-3-yl)carbamate (70 mg, 0.145 mmol, 90% yield) as a brown solid which was carried forward without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 484.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 25 H 34 N 5 O 5 484.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.02 min.

A solution of Boc-(S)-methyl (5-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)pyridazin-3-yl)carbamate (0.07 g, 0.145 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 mL) at 0° C. was treated with 4N hydrogen chloride in 1,4-dioxane (0.362 mL, 1.448 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated, quenched with 10% aq. NaHCO 3 solution and ethyl acetate (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated to afford (S)-methyl (5-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)pyridazin-3-yl)carbamate (3.5 mg, 8.67 μmol, 6% yield) as a brown solid which was carried forward without further purification. LCMS (ESI) m/e 384.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 20 H 26 N 5 O 3 384.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.65 min; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.17 min; LC/MS retention time (Method E): t R =0.93 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d4): δ 9.22 (s, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.24 (s, 1H), 8.12-8.16 (m, 1H), 7.44-7.47 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.21-4.24 (s, 2H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 1.81-1.90 (m, 2H), 1.65-1.71 (m, 1H), 1.46 (s, 3H), 1.02-1.09 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-methyl (5-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyridazin-3-yl)carbamate

Part A. Boc-(S)-methyl (5-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyridazin-3-yl)carbamate

A mixture of methyl (5-chloropyridazin-3-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 300) (0.05 g, 0.267 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-chloro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.137 g, 0.293 mmol) (prepared as described in Example 285, Part A), Cs 2 CO 3 (0.174 g, 0.533 mmol) and PdCl 2 (dppf) (9.75 mg, 0.013 mmol) were taken in 1,4-dioxane (3 mL)-water (0.5 mL) and heated at 90° C. for 5 h. After cooling, the reaction mixture was concentrated, diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was collected, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford crude Boc-(S)-methyl (5-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyridazin-3-yl)carbamate (120 mg, 0.243 mmol, 92% yield) as a brown solid which was carried forward without further purification. LCMS (ESI) mile 493.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 24 H 34 ClN 4 O 5 493.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.11 min.

A solution of Boc-(S)-methyl (5-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)-pyridazin-3-yl)carbamate (0.12 g, 0.243 mmol) in dichloromethane (2 mL) was treated with 4N hydrogen chloride in 1,4-dioxane (0.61 mL, 2.43 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated, diluted with 10% aq. NaHCO 3 solution and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated to afford (S)-methyl (5-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyridazin-3-yl)carbamate (6 mg, 0.015 mmol, 6% yield) as a brown solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 393.1 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 19 H 26 ClN 4 O 3 393.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.69 min; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.22 min; LC/MS retention time (Method E): t R =1.10 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d4): δ 9.17 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.49 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.79-7.82 (m, 1H), 7.34-7.36 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.18-4.27 (m, 2H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 1.85-1.96 (m, 2H), 1.68-1.74 (m, 1H), 1.53 (s, 3H), 1.02-1.09 (m, 6H) ppm.

(R)-methyl(4-(6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-chloropyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

To a stirred solution of 4-chloropyrimidin-2-amine (1 g, 7.72 mmol) in THF (20 mL) at 0° C. was added potassium tert-butoxide (2.60 g, 23.16 mmol) and stirred for 30 min. To this mixture was added methyl chloroformate (1.495 mL, 19.30 mmol) dropwise and the mixture stirred for another 16 h at room temperature. The reaction mixture was quenched with 10% aq. sodium bicarbonate solution (30 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×50 mL). The EtOAc layer was collected, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford methyl (4-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (900 mg, 4.51 mmol, 58% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) mile 188.0 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 6 H 7 ClN 3 O 2 188.0]; LC/MS retention time (Method C): t R =0.50 min.

A mixture of methyl (4-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (75 mg, 0.400 mmol), (5-chloro-6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)boronic acid (70.1 mg, 0.400 mmol), PdCl 2 (dppf)-CH 2 Cl 2 adduct (16.33 mg, 0.020 mmol) and Cs 2 CO 3 (391 mg, 1.199 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2.5 mL)-water (02 mL) was purged with nitrogen and heated at 100° C. for 12 h. The solution cooled to room temperature and was concentrated under reduced pressure. Water (50 mL) was added and the solution was extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water (50 mL) and brine (50 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (EtOAc in hexanes) to afford methyl (4-(5-chloro-6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (55 mg, 0.144 mmol, 36% yield) as a brown solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 283.0 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 11 H 9 ClFN 4 O 2 283.0]; LC/MS retention time (Method A1): t R =2.01 min.

Part C: (R)-methyl (4-(6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-chloropyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

To a stirred solution of (R)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (23.21 mg, 0.177 mmol) in DMF (2.5 mL) at 0° C. was added NaH (14.15 mg, 0.354 mmol) followed by methyl (4-(5-chloro-6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (50 mg, 0.177 mmol) in 0.5 mL DMF. The mixture was heated at 60° C. for 12 h. The mixture was then was cooled to 0° C., diluted with water (10 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×50 mL). The EtOAc layer was collected, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford (R)-methyl (4-(6-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-chloropyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (3 mg, 0.724 mmol, 4% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 394.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 18 H 25 ClN 5 O 3 394.2]; LC/MS retention time (Method A1): t R =1.23 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d 4 ): δ 8.94 (d, J=2.13 Hz, 1H), 8.68 (d, J=2.13 Hz, 1H), 8.64 (d, J=5.27 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (d, J=5.33 Hz, 1H), 4.61 (d, J=3.14 Hz, 2H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 1.87-1.96 (m, 2H), 1.68-1.75 (m, 1H), 1.54 (s, 3H), 1.08 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

Part A. Boc-(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of methyl (4-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 304) (0.05 g, 0.267 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-cyano-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as in Example 86, Parts A and B) (0.122 g, 0.267 mmol), PdCl 2 (dppf) (0.016 g, 0.021 mmol) and Cs 2 CO 3 (0.174 g, 0.533 mmol) were taken in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL)-water (0.5 mL). The mixture was stirred at 80° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated, diluted with brine and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated to afford Boc-(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (110 mg, 85%) as brownish solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 484.3 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 25 H 34 N 5 O 5 484.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.02 min.

Boc-(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (0.1 g, 0.207 mmol) was treated with 4N hydrogen chloride in 1,4-dioxane (0.517 mL, 2.068 mmol) for 4 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, diluted with aq. NaHCO 3 solution and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated which afforded off-white solid as crude product. The crude material was purified by prep LC/MS (method A) to afford (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-cyanophenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (5 mg, 0.013 mmol, 6% yield) as a white solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 384.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 20 H 26 N 5 O 3 384.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A2): t R =1.64 min. HPLC retention time (method A): t R =5.47 min; HPLC retention time (method B): t R =5.93 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d 4 ): δ 8.59 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.56 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.46-8.49 (m, 1H), 7.61 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.33 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 4.09 (m, 2H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 1.82-1.88 (m, 1H), 1.56-1.72 (m, 2H), 1.34 (s, 3H), 0.98-1.08 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-methyl(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

Part A. Boc-(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of methyl (4-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 304) (0.05 g, 0.267 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 215, Parts A and B) (0.147 g, 0.293 mmol), Cs 2 CO 3 (0.261 g, 0.800 mmol) and PdCl 2 (dppf) (9.75 mg, 0.013 mmol) were taken in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL)-water (0.5 mL). The mixture was heated at 80 C overnight. It was concentrated, diluted with brine and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated to afford Boc-(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (150 mg, quant. yield) as a brownish solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 527.3 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 25 H 34 F 3 N 4 O 5 527.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.13 min.

Part B. (S)-methyl(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

Boc-(S)-methyl(4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (150 mg, 0.285 mmol) was treated with 4N hydrogen chloride (0.712 mL, 2.85 mmol) at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, diluted with aq. NaHCO 3 solution and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated which afforded off-white solid as crude product. The crude material was purified by prep LC/MS (method A) to afford (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (35 mg, 0.080 mmol, 28% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 427.3 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 20 H 26 F 3 N 4 O 3 427.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.70 min; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.52 min; LC/MS retention time (Method E): t R =1.11 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d4): δ 8.59 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.52 (s, 1H), 8.41-8.44 (m, 1H), 7.61(d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 7.34 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.04-4.12 (m, 2H), 3.81 (s, 3H), 1.81-1.86 (m, 1H), 1.55-1.81 (m, 2H), 1.39 (s, 3H), 1.01-1.08 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

Part A. Boc-(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of methyl (4-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 304) (0.05 g, 0.267 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-chloro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 285, Part A) (0.137 g, 0.293 mmol), Cs 2 CO 3 (0.261 g, 0.800 mmol) and PdCl 2 (dppf) (9.75 mg, 0.013 mmol) were taken in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL)-water (0.5 mL). The mixture was heated at 80° C. overnight. It was concentrated, diluted with brine and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated to afford Boc-(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (136 mg, quant. yield) as a brownish solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 493.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 24 H 34 ClN 4 O 5 493.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.09 min.

Boc-(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (136 mg, 0.276 mmol) was treated with 4N hydrogen chloride (0.690 mL, 2.76 mmol) overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, diluted with aq. NaHCO 3 solution and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated which afforded off-white solid as crude product. The crude material was purified by prep LC/MS (method A) to afford (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4 dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-chlorophenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (24 mg, 0.057 mmol, 21% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 393.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 19 H 26 ClN 4 O 3 393.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.66 min; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.29 min; LC/MS retention time (Method E): t R =1.04 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d 4 ): δ 8.47 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.22 (s, 1H), 8.02-8.05 (m, 1H), 7.46 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.14 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.95-4.02 (m, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 1.65-1.77 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.55 (m, 1H), 1.31 (s, 3H), 0.85-1.01 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-1-(2-chloro-4-(6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A. (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-chloro-4-(6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of 4-chloro-6-methylpyrimidine (0.05 g, 0.389 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-chloro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 285, Part A) (0.182 g, 0.389 mmol), Cs 2 CO 3 (0.253 g, 0.778 mmol) and PdCl 2 (dppf) (0.014 g, 0.019 mmol) were taken in 1,4-dioxane (3 mL)-water (0.3 mL). The mixture was heated at 90° C. for 3 h. It was concentrated, diluted with brine and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-chloro-4-(6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (120 mg, 0.277 mmol, 71% yield) as a brownish solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 434.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 23 H 33 ClN 3 O 3 434.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.13 min.

A solution of (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-chloro-4-(6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.12 g, 0.277 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) was treated with 4N hydrogen chloride in 1,4-dioxane (0.691 mL, 2.77 mmol) overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, diluted with aq. NaHCO 3 solution and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated which afforded off-white solid as crude product. The crude material was purified by prep LC/MS (method A) to afford (S)-1-(2-chloro-4-(6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (16 mg, 0.047 mmol, 17% yield) as a brown solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 334.1 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 18 H 25 ClN 3 O 334.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.81 min; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.50 min; LC/MS retention time (Method E): t R =1.16 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): δ 9.04 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 8.29 (d, J=2.0, 1H), 8.16-8.19 (m, 1H), 8.01 (d, J=0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.82-3.88 (m, 2H), 1.89 (s, 3H), 1.79-1.86 (m, 1H), 1.36-1.43 (m, 2H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 0.90-0.98 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-amine

Part A. (S)-tert-butyl(2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-2 (trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of 4-chloro-6-methylpyrimidine (0.05 g, 0.389 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2 (trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 215) (0.195 g, 0.389 mmol), Cs 2 CO 3 (0.253 g, 0.778 mmol) and PdCl 2 (dppf) (0.014 g, 0.019 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (3 mL)-water (0.3 mL) was heated at 80° C. overnight. It was concentrated, diluted with brine and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated to afford (S)-tert-butyl(2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-2 (trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate (98 mg, 0.210 mmol, 54% yield) as a brownish solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 468.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 24 H 33 F 3 N 3 O 3 , 468.2]; LC/MS retention time (Method A1): t R =2.87 min.

(S)-tert-Butyl (2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-2 (trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.12 g, 0.257 mmol) was treated with 4N hydrogen chloride in 1,4-dioxane (0.642 mL, 2.57 mmol) for 12 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, diluted with aq. NaHCO 3 solution and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated which afforded off-white solid as crude product. The crude material was purified by prep LC/MS (method A) to afford (S)-2,4 dimethyl-1-(4-(6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-amine (6 mg, 0.015 mmol, 6% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 368.1 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 19 H 25 F 3 N 3 O, 368.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.96 min; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.71 min; LC/MS retention time (Method E): t R =1.26 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): δ 9.08 (d, J=0.8 Hz, 1H), 8.47-8.51 (m, 2H), 8.08 (d, J=0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.96-4.02 (m, 2H), 2.54 (s, 3H), 1.78-1.86 (m, 1H), 1.41-1.52 (m, 2H), 1.20 (s, 3H), 0.92-0.98 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

A solution of 4-bromo-2-fluorophenol (1.2 g, 6.28 mmol), K2CO3 (2.60 g, 18.85 mmol), and (S)-tert-butyl 4-isobutyl-4-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (2.212 g, 7.54 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was heated to 80° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, the volatiles were evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, water (10 mL) was added and the mixture extracted with EtOAc (2×15 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with 10% aq. sodium hydroxide solution (10 mL) then water (20 mL). The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and volatiles were evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (210 mg, 0.519 mmol, 83% yield) as pale brown oil which was carried forward without further purification. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.24 (dd, J=10.4, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.20-7.14 (m, 1H), 6.89 (t, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.58 (br. s., 1H), 4.18 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 4.00 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 1.95-1.73 (m, 2H), 1.58-1.50 (m, 1H), 1.39 (s, 3H), 1.00 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 3H), 0.98 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 3H).

Part B. (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-fluoro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (1.751 g, 4.33 mmol), 4,4,4′,4′,5,5,5′,5′-octamethyl-2,2′-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (1.1 g, 4.33 mmol), and potassium acetate (0.850 g, 8.66 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (20 mL) was heated at 90° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with water and ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was collected, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford a yellowish semi-solid. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (5-10% EtOAc-hexane) to obtain (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-fluoro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate as colorless oil (1.7 g, 3.77 mmol, 87% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 352.2 [(M+H-Boc) + , calcd for C 24 H 40 BFNO 5 452.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.33 min. De-Boc mass was detected by LCMS. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 7.45-7.49 (m, 2H), 6.94-6.98 (m, 1H), 4.60 (bs, NH, 1H), 4.16 (m, 1H), 4.00 (m, 1H), 1.82 (m, 2H), 1.60 (m, 1H), 1.59 (s, 3H), 1.39 (s, 9H), 1.24 (s, 12H), 0.92-0.99 (m, 6H) ppm.

Part C. Boc-(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of methyl (4-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 304) (0.05 g, 0.267 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-fluoro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.120 g, 0.267 mmol), Cs 2 CO 3 (0.174 g, 0.533 mmol) and PdCl 2 (dppf) (9.75 mg, 0.013 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (3 mL)-water (0.3 mL) was heated at 90° C. for 6 h. It was concentrated, diluted with brine and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated to afford Boc-(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (160 mg, quant. yield) as a brownish solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 477.3 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 24 H 34 FN 4 O 5 477.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.09 min.

Boc-(S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (160 mg, 0.336 mmol) was treated with 4N hydrogen chloride (1.679 mL, 3.36 mmol) for 12 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, diluted with aq. NaHCO 3 solution and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated which afforded off-white solid as crude product. The crude material was purified by prep LC/MS (method A) to afford (S)-methyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (11 mg, 0.029 mmol, 9% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 377.1 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 19 H 26 FN 4 O 3 377.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.66 min; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.81 min; LC/MS retention time (Method E): t R =1.58 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): δ 10.46 (s, NH, 1H), 8.65 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.13-8.17 (m, 2H), 8.10 (bs, NH 2, 2 H), 7.72 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 7.39-7.44 (m, 1H), 4.14-4.21 (m, 2H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 1.79-1.83 (m, 1H), 1.69-1.75 (m, 1H), 1.56-1.58 (m, 1H), 1.37 (s, 3H), 0.92-0.98 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-isopropyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

Part A. Boc-(S)-isopropyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of isopropyl (4-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 304) (0.05 g, 0.232 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 215, Parts A and B) (0.116 g, 0.232 mmol), Cs 2 CO 3 (0.151 g, 0.464 mmol) and PdCl 2 (dppf) (8.48 mg, 0.012 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (3 mL)-water (0.3 mL) was heated at 90° C. overnight. It was concentrated, diluted with brine and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated to afford Boc-(S)-isopropyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (84 mg, 0.151 mmol, 65% yield) as a brownish solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 555.7 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 27 H 38 F 3 N 4 O 5 555.6]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.20 min.

Part B. (S)-isopropyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

Boc-(S)-isopropyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (84 mg, 0.151 mmol) was treated with 2N hydrogen chloride in 1,4-dioxane (0.757 mL, 1.515 mmol) for 12 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, diluted with aq. NaHCO 3 solution and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated which afforded off-white solid as crude product. The crude material was purified by prep LC/MS (method A) to afford (S)-isopropyl (4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (16 mg, 0.033 mmol, 22% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 455.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 22 H 30 F 3 N 4 O 3 455.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.84 min; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =2.61 min; LC/MS retention time (Method E): t R =1.97 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD): δ 8.59 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.51 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.41-8.45 (m, 1H), 7.61 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 5.03-5.10 (m, 1H), 3.98-4.05 (m, 2H), 1.80-1.87 (m, 1H), 1.50-1.64 (m, 2H), 1.35-1.37 (m, 6H), 1.29 (s, 3H), 0.98-1.02 (m, 6H) ppm. 19 F NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD): δ-63.58 ppm.

(S)-methyl (4-(5-((2,4 dimethylpentyl)oxy)6-methypyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

A solution of 6-bromo-3-fluoro-2-methylpyridine (0.1 g, 0.526 mmol) in THF (1 mL) at −78° C. was treated with n-BuLi (0.289 mL, 0.579 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 1 h at −78° C. and then zinc bromide (0.178 g, 0.789 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred another 30 min at −78° C., then it was removed from the cooling bath and stirred at room temperature for 1 h. To the resulting mixture was slowly added a solution of Pd 2 (dba) 3 (0.024 g, 0.026 mmol), 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,6′-di-i-propoxy-1,1′-biphenyl (0.020 g, 0.042 mmol) and methyl (4-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 304) (0.099 g, 0.526 mmol) in THF (0.5 mL). The reaction mixture was heated at 70° C. overnight. It was quenched with 10% aq. NaHCO 3 and diluted with ethyl acetate (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated to afford methyl (4-(5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (0.124 g, 0.473 mmol, 90% yield) as a brown solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 263.0 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 12 H 12 FN 4 O 2 263.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.79 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): δ 10.55 (s, NH, 1H), 8.75 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.32-8.36 (m, 1H), 7.91 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.85-7.90 (m, 1H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 2.51 (s, 3H) ppm. 19 F NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ-121.22 ppm.

Part B. (S)-methyl (4-(5-((2-amino-2, 4 dimethylpentyl)oxy)-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

(S)-2-Amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (0.015 g, 0.114 mmol) was dissolved in THF (2 mL), cooled to 0° C. and sodium hydride (7.32 mg, 0.305 mmol) was added. To the resulting mixture was slowly added a solution of methyl (4-(5-fluoro-6 methylpyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (0.02 g, 0.076 mmol) in THF (1 mL). The mixture was stirred at 60° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature then was quenched with ice-water, diluted with brine and ethyl acetate (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated to afford (S)-methyl (4-(5-((2-amino-2,4 dimethylpentyl)oxy)-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (1 mg, 2.62 μmol, 4% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 374.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 19 H 28 N 5 O 3 374.2]; LC/MS retention time (Method A1): t R =2.02 min; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.79 min; LC/MS retention time (Method E): t R =1.47 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD): δ 8.62 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.38 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.98 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.14-4.24 (m, 2H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 2.62 (s, 3H), 1.85-1.92 (m, 2H), 1.69-1.73 (m, 1H), 1.53 (s, 3H), 0.90-1.10 (m, 6H) ppm.

To a solution of (S)-tert-butyl (1-(2-cyano-4-(2-(difluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (150 mg, 0.326 mmol) in dichloromethane (3 mL) at 0° C., was added 2 M HCl in diethyl ether (8.14 mL, 16.29 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h at room temperature. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C., quenched with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (25 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (2×50 mL). The dichloromethane layer was washed with water (1×20 mL), and saturated NaCl (1×20 mL). The organic was dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The yellow gummy solid was triturated with diethyl ether (2×10 mL) to afford (S)-2-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-5-(2-(difluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)benzonitrile (65 mg, 0.173 mmol, 53% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 361.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 19 H 23 F 2 N 4 O, 361.2]; LC/MS retention time (Method G): t R =2.66 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d 4 ): δ 8.96 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.58-8.69 (m, 2H), 8.14 (d, J=5.27 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (d, J=8.72 Hz, 1H), 6.64-6.96 (m, 1H), 4.36 (s, 2H), 1.85-2.02 (m, 2H), 1.74 (dd, J=13.80, 4.89 Hz, 1H), 1.56 (s, 3H) 1.08 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-1-(4-(2-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

Part A. (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

A solution of 2,4-dichloropyrimidine (0.05 g, 0.336 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (2,4-dimethyl-1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 215, Parts A and B) (0.168 g, 0.336 mmol), Cs 2 CO 3 (0.219 g, 0.671 mmol) and PdCl 2 (dppf) (0.012 g, 0.017 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (3 mL) and water (0.3 mL) was heated at 90° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated, diluted with brine and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated which afforded brownish solid. The crude product was washed with hexane (5×2 mL) and dried under vacuum to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate(176 mg, quant. yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 488.6 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 23 H 30 ClF 3 N 3 O 3 488.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.35 min.

In a 50 mL round-bottomed flask, (S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.05 g, 0.102 mmol) was taken in methanol (2 mL). Hydrochloric acid in methanol (0.256 mL, 1.025 mmol) was added and stirred at room temperature for 18 h. It was quenched with 10% NaHCO 3 and diluted with ethyl acetate (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by prep LC/MS (method A) to afford (S)-1-(4-(2-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (2 mg, 4.69 μmol, 5% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 384.3 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 19 H 25 F 3 N 3 O 2 384.2]; LC/MS retention time (method H): t R =1.87 min; LC/MS retention time (method I): t R =1.31 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, methanol-d 4 ): δ 8.60 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.45-8.51 (m, 2H), 7.62 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.37-7.43 (m, 1H), 4.12-4.26 (m, 2H), 3.63 (s, 3H), 1.78-1.90 (m, 2H), 1.65-1.71 (m, 1H), 1.48 (s, 3H), 0.98-1.12 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrimidin-2-ol

(S)-tert-butyl (1-(4-(2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 316) (0.05 g, 0.102 mmol) was taken in aq. 5N hydrogen chloride (2.049 mL, 10.25 mmol) and heated at 100° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was quenched with 10% NaHCO 3 and diluted with ethyl acetate (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated to afford (S)-4-(4-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrimidin-2-ol (35 mg, 0.093 mmol, 91% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 370.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 18 H 23 F 3 N 3 O 2 , 370.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.69 min; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =2.07 min; LC/MS retention time (Method E): t R =0.87 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD): δ 8.50 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.43-8.46 (m, 1H), 8.03 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.13 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 1H), 4.27-4.35 (m, 2H), 1.86-1.92 (m, 2H), 1.70-1.76 (m, 1H), 1.55 (s, 3H), 0.90-1.09 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-1-((4-(difluoromethyl)-6-(6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

A mixture of 4-chloro-6-methylpyrimidine (50 mg, 0.389 mmol), 2-bromo-4-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoropyridine (88 mg, 0.389 mmol), 1,1,1,2,2,2-hexamethyldistannane (127 mg, 0.389 mmol) and Pd(Ph 3 P) 4 (22.47 mg, 0.019 mmol) were heated at 160° C. in a microwave for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, concentrated under reduced pressure, diluted with brine and extracted with ethyl acetate (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated to afford a brownish semi-solid. The crude material was purified by silica gel chromatography (20-30% EtOAc-hexane) to afford 4-(4-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine (25 mg, 0.073 mmol, 19% yield) as an off-white solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 240.0 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 11 H 9 F 3 N 3 , 240.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.88 min and LC/MS retention time (method H): t R =2.04 min. 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 9.17 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 8.75 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 8.65 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s, 1H), 6.80-7.08 (m, CHF2, 1H), 2.64 (s, 3H) ppm. 19 F NMR (300 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ −117.21 and −130.70 ppm.

Part B. (S)-1-((4-(difluoromethyl)-6-(6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

To a solution of (S)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (0.016 g, 0.125 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (2 mL) at 0° C. was added sodium hydride (8.03 mg, 0.334 mmol). To the resulting mixture, a solution of 4-(4-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoropyridin-2 yl)-6-methylpyrimidine (0.02 g, 0.084 mmol) in THF was added slowly. The mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with ice-water, diluted with brine and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated to afford (S)-1-((4-(difluoromethyl)-6-(6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4 dimethylpentan-2-amine (2 mg, 5.14 μmol, 6% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 351.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 18 H 25 F 2 N 4 O 351.2]; LC/MS retention time (method A1): t R =1.80 min; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R =1.40 min; LC/MS retention time (Method E): t R =1.08 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD): δ 9.09 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 8.67 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 2H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 7.10-7.40 (t, —CHF2, 1H), 4.28-4.37 (m, 2H), 2.64 (s, 3H), 1.63-1.87 (m, 3H), 1.45 (s, 3H), 0.98-1.07 (m, 6H) ppm. 19 F NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD): δ −76.936 ppm.

(S)-1-((2-(difluoromethyl)-6-(2-(difluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

To a solution of (6-bromo-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)methanol (4 g, 19.42 mmol) in DCM (80 mL) cooled to 0° C. was added Dess-Martin periodinane (12.35 g, 29.1 mmol). The mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 14 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarobonate (50 mL) and diluted with DCM (100 mL). The mixture was filtered through diatomaceous earth (Celite®). The bed was washed with DCM (100 mL) and the filtrate was transferred to a separating funnel. The aqueous layer was discarded and the organic layer was washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 6-bromo-3-fluoropicolinaldehyde (5.5 g, 27.0 mmol, 69.4% yield) as a colorless oil. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 10.09 (s, 1H), 7.71 (dd, J=8.8, 3.6 Hz, 1H), 7.50-7.46 (m, 1H).

To a stirred solution of 6-bromo-3-fluoropicolinaldehyde (5 g, 24.51 mmol) in DCM (75 mL) cooled to −20° C. was added DAST (6.48 mL, 49.0 mmol) dropwise over 10 min. The reaction mixture was brought to room temperature gradually and stirred for 3 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C. and quenched carefully with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (200 mL). The organic layer was separated out, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure at 30° C. to afford 6-bromo-2-(difluoromethyl)-3-fluoropyridine (4.2 g, 18.58 mmol, 76% yield) as a dark yellow solid which was carried forward without further purification. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 7.64-7.61 (m, 1H), 7.48-7.41 (m, 1H), 6.71 (t, J=53.2 Hz, 1H).

To a stirred solution of 6-bromo-2-(difluoromethyl)-3-fluoropyridine (3 g, 13.27 mmol) and (S)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (1.742 g, 13.27 mmol) in THF (20 mL) at 10° C. was added KOtBu 1M in THF (26.5 mL, 26.5 mmol) to dropwise over 5 min. The cold bath was removed and the resulting solution was stirred at RT for 2 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with brine (50 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (50 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford (S)-1-((6-bromo-2-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (5 g, 9.64 mmol, 72.6% yield) as a as brown semi-solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 337.1 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 13 H 20 BrF 2 N 2 O 337.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.84 min.

Part D: (S)-tert-butyl (1((6-bromo-2-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

To a stirred solution of (S)-1-((6-bromo-2-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (4.5 g, 8.67 mmol) in a mixture of THF (40 mL) and water (40 mL) cooled to 10° C. was added K 2 CO 3 (2.398 g, 17.35 mmol) and the mixture stirred for 5 min. BOC 2 O (2.417 mL, 10.41 mmol) was added to and the reaction mixture stirred at room temperature for 6 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with brine (200 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified via silica gel chromatography (0-20% EtOAc in pet ether) to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-bromo-2-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (3.2 g, 7.32 mmol, 84% yield) as a yellow oil. LCMS (ESI) m/e 437.1 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 18 H 28 BrF 2 N 2 O 3 437.1]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.29 min.

Part E: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-(2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

A solution of 2,4-dichloropyrimidine (200 mg, 1.342 mmol) and (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-bromo-2-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (587 mg, 1.342 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (8 mL) was purged with nitrogen for 5 min. Pd(Ph 3 P) 4 (78 mg, 0.067 mmol) was added followed by bis(tributyltin) (0.677 mL, 1.342 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated in a microwave at 150° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (10 mL), filtered thorough diatomaceous earth)(Celite® and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford a black residue. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (15% EtOAc in pet ether) to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-(2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (500 mg, 1.062 mmol, 20% yield) as colorless semi-solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 471.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 22 H 30 ClF 2 N 4 O 3 471.2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.20 min.

Part F: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2-(difluoromethyl)-6-(2-vinylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

To a solution of (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-(2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (500 mg, 1.062 mmol) and 2,4,6-trivinylcyclotriboroxane pyridine complex (256 mg, 1.062 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (12 mL) was added cesium carbonate (865 mg, 2.65 mmol) in water (1.2 mL). The reaction mixture was purged with nitrogen for 5 min and PdCl 2 (dppf)-CH 2 Cl 2 adduct (87 mg, 0.106 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was heated to 90° C. for 6 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (25 mL), filtered through diatomaceous earth (Celite®) and the filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford a brown residue. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (20% EtOAc in pet ether) to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2-(difluoromethyl)-6-(2-vinylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (330 mg, 0.713 mmol, 67% yield) as yellow semi-solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 8.78 (d, J=5.20 Hz, 1H), 8.63 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 8.16 (d, J=5.20 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (m, 1H), 7.00-6.69 (m, 3H), 5.75 (m, 1H), 4.38-4,36 (m, 1H), 4.16-4.14 (m, 1H), 1.88-1.75 (m, 2H), 1.51-1.54 (m, 1H), 1.40 (s, 3H), 1.0-0.98 (m, 6H) ppm.

Part G: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2-(difluoromethyl)-6-(2-formylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

A solution of (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2-(difluoromethyl)-6-(2-vinylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (330 mg, 0.713 mmol) and 2,6-lutidine (0.166 mL, 1.427 mmol) in a mixture of 1,4-dioxane (7 mL): water (3 mL) was cooled to 0° C. Osmium tetroxide, 2.5% in t-butanol (0.269 mL, 0.021 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 5 min and sodium periodate (610 mg, 2.85 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (50 mL) and filtered through diatomaceous earth (Celite®). The filtrate was washed with water (25 mL) and brine (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford a brown oil. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (0-40% EtOAc in pet ether) to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-42-(difluoromethyl)-6-(2-formylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (200 mg, 0.431 mmol, 60% yield) as a yellow semi-solid.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 10.19 (s, 1H), 9.04 (d, J=5.20 Hz, 1H), 8.72 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 8.52 (d, J=5.20 Hz, 1H), 7.51 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (t, J=54.4 Hz, 3H), 5.75 (m, 1H), 4.41-4.39 (m, 1H), 4.19-4.17 (m, 1H), 1.92-1.77 (m, 2H), 1.51-1.54 (m, 1H), 1.40 (s, 3H), 1.0-0.98 (m, 6H) ppm.

Part H: (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2-(difluoromethyl)-6-(2-(difluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

To a solution of (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2-(difluoromethyl)-6-(2-formylpyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (200 mg, 0.431 mmol) in DCM (5 mL) cooled to −78° C. was added DAST (0.114 mL, 0.861 mmol) dropwise over 5 min. The reaction mixture was gradually brought to 0° C. and stirred at 0° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous bicarbonate solution (20 mL) and extracted with DCM (25 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford a dark red residue. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (0-20% EtOAc in pet ether) to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2-(difluoromethyl)-6-(2-(difluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (100 mg, 0.206 mmol, 48% yield) as a yellow semi-solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 487.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 23 H 31 F 4 N 4 O 3 487.2]; LC/MS retention time (Method G): t R =3.73 min.

Part I: (S)-1-((2-(difluoromethyl)-6-(2-(difluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

A solution of (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2-(difluoromethyl)-6-(2-(difluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (120 mg, 0.247 mmol) in DCM (1 mL) was cooled to 0° C. was added HCl 4M in 1,4-dioxane (0.617 mL, 2.467 mmol) and the cold bath was removed. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the solid residue was washed with ether (10 mL). The residue was basified with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (25 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×20 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford a yellow sticky solid. The sticky solid obtained was dissolved in to acetonitrile:water (1:3) and lyophilized overnight to afford (S)-1-((2-(difluoromethyl)-6-(2-(difluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (35 mg, 0.087 mmol, 35% yield) as a yellow sticky solid. LCMS (ESI) mile 387.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 18 H 23 F 4 N 4 O 387.2]; LC/MS retention time (method H): t R =1.27 min; LC/MS retention time (method NA): t R =2.03 min.

1 H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d 4 ): δ 8.93 (d, J=5.20 Hz, 1H), 8.65 (d, J=11.20 Hz, 1H), 8.44 (d, J=5.20 Hz, 1H), 8.44 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 1H), 6.58-7.01 (m, 2H), 3.89 (s, 2H), 1.79-1.82 (m, 1H), 1.51-1.54 (m, 2H), 1.28 (s, 3H), 0.98-1.01 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-1-((6-(fluoromethyl)-2′-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

A mixture of (2-methylpyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (0.05 g, 0.365 mmol), 6-bromo-3-fluoro-2-(fluoromethyl)pyridine (prepared as described in Example 279) (0.076 g, 0.365 mmol), Cs 2 CO 3 (0.238 g, 0.730 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (3 mL) and water (0.3 mL) was purged with nitrogen gas for 10 min. PdCl 2 (dppf) (0.013 g, 0.018 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture and the solution was purged with nitrogen gas for another 10 min. The reaction mixture was heated at 90° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated, dissolved in ethyl acetate (20 mL) and washed with brine. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude 5-fluoro-6-(fluoromethyl)-2′-methyl-2,4′-bipyridine (62 mg, 0.160 mmol, 44% yield) as a brown solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 221.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 12 H 11 F 2 N 2 , 221.21]; LC/MS retention time (method A1): t R =1.80 min.

To a solution of (S)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (0.045 g, 0.341 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (2 mL) at 0° C. was added sodium hydride (0.022 g, 0.908 mmol). To the reaction mixture a solution of 5-fluoro-6-(fluoromethyl)-2′-methyl-2,4′-bipyridine (0.05 g, 0.227 mmol) in THF was added slowly and the mixture allowed to stir overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was quenched with ice water, diluted with brine and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by preparative LC/MS (method A) to afford (S)-1-((6-(fluoromethyl)-2′-methyl-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (17 mg, 0.048 mmol, 21% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 332.3 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 19 H 27 FN 3 O, 332. 2]; LC/MS retention time (method H): t R =1.43 min. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d 4 ): δ 8.48 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.08-8.10 (m, 1H), 7.97 (s, 1H), 7.86-7.91 (m, 1H), 7.67 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 5.56-5.78 (m, 2H), 4.15-4.25 (m, 2H), 2.63 (s, 3H), 1.80-1.93 (m, 2H), 1.65-1.72 (m, 1H), 1.49 (s, 3H), 0.98-1.07 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-methyl (4-(5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-6-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

A solution methyl (4-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (prepared as described in Example 304) (0.1 g, 0.533 mmol), 6-bromo-2-(difluoromethyl)-3-fluoropyridine (prepared as described in Example 322) (0.120 g, 0.533 mmol) and hexamethylditin (0.111 mL, 0.533 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (5 mL) was flushed with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd(Ph 3 P) 4 (0.031 g, 0.027 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was flushed with nitrogen for 5 min. The reaction mixture was heated in a microwave at 150° C. for 90 min. The reaction mixture was then filtered through diatomaceous earth (Celite®) and the bed was washed with ethyl acetate (100 mL). The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the crude product was purified by silica-gel chromatography (pet ether/ethyl acetate (50-100%)) to afford 4-(6-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine (0.08 g, 0.280 mmol, 52% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 241.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 10 H 8 F 3 N 4 241.1]; LC/MS retention time (Method G): t R =1.66 min.

To a solution of 4-(6-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine (0.08 g, 0.280 mmol) in CHCl 3 (2 mL) was added pyridine (0.226 mL, 2.80 mmol) followed by DMAP (3.42 mg, 0.028 mmol), and methyl chloroformate (0.043 mL, 0.560 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (50 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (80 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford methyl (4-(6-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (0.09 g, 0.100 mmol, 36% yield). LCMS (ESI) m/e 299.0 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 12 H 10 F 3 N 4 O 2 299.1]; LC/MS retention time (Method G): t R =2.28 min.

Part C. (S)-methyl (4-(5((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-6-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate

To a solution of methyl (4-(6-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (0.03 g, 0.049 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) cooled to 0° C. was added NaH (3.94 mg, 0.099 mmol) followed by (S)-2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentan-1-ol (6.47 mg, 0.049 mmol). The mixture was then stirred at room overnight. The reaction mixture was filtered through diatomaceous earth (Celite®) and the bed was washed with ethyl acetate (20 mL). The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by prep LC/MS (method A) to afford (S)-methyl (4-(5-((2-amino-2,4-dimethylpentyl)oxy)-6-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)carbamate (0.006 g, 0.014 mmol, 28% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 410.3 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 19 H 26 F 2 N 5 O 3 410.2]; LC/MS retention time (method H): t R =1.25 min; LC/MS retention time (method I): t R =1.01 min. 1 H NMR(400 MHz, methanol-d 4 ): δ 8.66-8.69 (m, 2H), 8.04-8.06 (m, 1H), 7.75 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (t, J=107.60 Hz, 1H), 4.02-4.09 (m, 2H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 1.86-1.92 (m, 1H), 1.55-1.68 (m, 2H), 1.32 (s, 3H), 1.00-1.04 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-1-((2′,6-bis(fluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

To a solution of (4-chloropyridin-2-yl)methanol (1 g, 6.97 mmol) in DCM (40 mL) at −78° C. was slowly added diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (2.245 g, 13.93 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 10 min. The reaction mixture was quenched with aqueous 10% NaHCO 3 solution and diluted with dichloromethane (50 mL). The organic layer was separated, diluted with dichloromethane, filtered through the celite, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under pressure to afford 4-chloro-2-(fluoromethyl)pyridine (0.5 g) as a violet oil. LCMS (ESI) m/e 146.4 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 6 H 6 ClFN, 146.0]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.68 min.

Part B. (S)-tert-butyl (1((2′,6-bis(fluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of 4-chloro-2-(fluoromethyl)pyridine (50 mg, 0.343 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-bromo-2-(fluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (144 mg, 0.343 mmol), and 1,1,1,2,2,2-hexamethyldistannane (113 mg, 0.343 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) was purged with nitrogen gas for 10 min. Pd(Ph 3 P) 4 (19.85 mg, 0.017 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture and the solution was purged with nitrogen gas for another 10 min. The reaction mixture was irradiated in a microwave at 120° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (20 mL) and washed with brine. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′,6-bis(fluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (58 mg, 0.129 mmol, 38% yield) as a brown oil. LCMS (ESI) m/e 450.2 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 24 H 34 F 2 N 3 O 3 , 450.3]; LC/MS retention time (Method t R =3.80 min.

To a solution of (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′,6-bis(fluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (90 mg, 0.200 mmol) in dichloromethane (3 mL) was added hydrogen chloride (0.501 mL, 2.002 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to stir for 1 h at room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated, quenched with 10% aqueous NaHCO 3 solution and diluted with dichloromethane (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by preparative LC/MS (method A) to afford (S)-1-((2′,6-bis(fluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine (2 mg, 5.49 μmol, 3% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 350.3 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 19 H 26 F 2 N 3 O, 350.2]; LC/MS retention time (method H): t R =1.39 min; LC/MS retention time (method I): t R =0.83 min. 1 H NMR(400 MHz, Methanol-d 4 ): δ 8.67 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.21-8.24 (m, 1H), 8.15 (s, 1H), 8.01 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 5.49-5.67 (m, 4H), 3.88 (s, 2H), 1.75-1.87 (m, 1H), 1.39-1.46 (m, 2H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 0.89-0.98 (m, 6H) ppm.

(S)-1-((2′-(difluoromethyl)-6-(fluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

To a solution of 4-chloropicolinaldehyde (2 g, 14.13 mmol) in DCM (30 mL) at −78° C. was slowly added diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (4.55 g, 28.3 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with aqueous 10% NaHCO 3 solution and diluted with dichloromethane (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under pressure to afford 4-chloro-2-(difluoromethyl)pyridine (1.8 g, 11.01 mmol, 78% yield) as a brown oil. LCMS (ESI) m/e 164.0 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 6 H 5 ClF 2 N, 164.0]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =0.81 min.

Part B. (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′-(difluoromethyl)-6-fluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate

A mixture of 4-chloro-2-(difluoromethyl)pyridine (50 mg, 0.306 mmol), (S)-tert-butyl (1-((6-bromo-2-(fluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (128 mg, 0.306 mmol), and 1,1,1,2,2,2-hexamethyldistannane (100 mg, 0.306 mmol) in DMF (4 mL) was purged with nitrogen gas for 10 min. Pd(Ph 3 P) 4 (17.66 mg, 0.015 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture and the solution was purged with nitrogen gas for another 10 min. The reaction mixture was irradiated in a microwave at 120° C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated, dissolved in ethyl acetate (20 mL) and washed with brine. The organic layer was separated, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica-gel chromatography (pet ether/ethyl acetate (20-40%)) to afford (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′-(difluoromethyl)-6-(fluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (86 mg, 0.184 mmol, 60% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 468.3 [(M+H) + , calcd for C 24 H 33 F 3 N 3 O 3 , 468. 2]; LC/MS retention time (method B): t R =1.18 min.

Part C. (S)-1-((2′-(difluoromethyl)-6-fluoromethyl)-[2,4′-bipyridin]-5-yl)oxy)-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-amine

To a solution of (S)-tert-butyl (1-((2′-(difluoromethy