Hybrid Wi-Fi and power router transmitter

The present disclosure is related to U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application Ser. Nos. 13/891,430 filed May 10, 2013, entitled “Methodology For Pocket-forming”; Ser. No. 13/891,445 filed May 10, 2013, entitled “Transmitters For Wireless Power Transmission”; and Ser. No. 13/925,469 filed Jun. 24, 2013, entitled “Methodology for Multiple Pocket-Forming” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by these references.

The present disclosure relates to electronic, transmitters and more particularly to transmitter for wireless power transmission.

Portable electronic devices such as smart phones, tablets, notebooks and others, have become an everyday need in the way we communicate and interact with others. The frequent use of these devices may require a significant amount of power, which may easily ,deplete the batteries attached to these devices. Therefore, a user is frequently needed to plug in the device to a power source, and recharge such device. This may be inconvenient and troublesome if the user forgets to plug in or otherwise charge a device, the device may run out of power and be of no use to the user until the user is again able to charge the device.

For the foregoing reasons, there is a need for a wireless power transmission system where electronic devices may be powered without requiring extra chargers or plugs, and where the mobility and portability of electronic devices may not be compromised.

The present disclosure provides a hybrid transmitter which may function as power router or Wi-Fi. Hybrid transmitter may be employed for sending Radio frequency (RF) or/and Wi-Fi signals to electronic devices which may incorporate receivers. Such receivers may convert RE signals into suitable electricity for powering and charging a plurality of electric devices. Wireless power transmission allows powering and charging a plurality of electrical devices without wires as well as Wi-Fi transmission.

To function as power router, a hybrid transmitter including at least two antenna elements may generate RF signals through the use of one or more Radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) which may be managed by one or more microcontrollers. Hybrid Transmitters may receive power from a power source, which may provide enough electricity for a subsequent conversion to RF signal.

In an embodiment, a hybrid transmitter including half of the antenna elements for power router and the other half for Wi-Fi signal may be provided. A switch may change the operation mode between Wi-Fi and power router. Both, Wi-Fi and power router signals may be transmitted simultaneously.

In another embodiment, a hybrid transmitter including all the antenna elements in the array may transmit Wi-Fi signal and a switch may change the operation mode to power router. Thus only one signal may he transmitted at the same time.

Hybrid Transmitter provided in the present invention may provide wireless power transmission while eliminating the use of wires or pads for charging devices and transmitting Wi-Fi signal, which may require tedious procedures such as plugging to a wall. In addition, electronic equipment may require less components as typical wall chargers may not be required.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are described by way of example with reference to the accompanying figures, which are schematic and are not intended to be drawn to scale. Unless indicated as representing prior art, the figures represent aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a transmitter that can be for wireless power transmission, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a receiver for wireless power transmission, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 3 depicts a flat hybrid transmitter in a front view, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 4 illustrates wireless power transmission using Wi-Fi and pocket forming for power router, according to an embodiment.

“Pocket-forming” may refer to generating two or more RF waves which converge in 3-d space, forming controlled constructive and destructive interference patterns.

“Pockets of energy” may refer to areas or regions of space where energy or power may accumulate in the form of constructive interference patterns of RF waves.

“Null-space” may refer to areas or regions of space Where pockets of energy do not form because of destructive interference patterns of RF waves.

“Transmitter” may refer to a device, including a chip which may generate two or more RF signals, at least one RF signal being phase shifted and gain adjusted with respect to other RF signals, substantially all of which pass through one or more RF antenna such that focused RF signals are directed to a target.

“Receiver” may refer to a device including at least one antenna element, at least one rectifying circuit and at least one power converter, which may utilize pockets of energy for powering, or charging an electronic device.

“Adaptive pocket-forming” may refer to dynamically adjusting pocket-forming to regulate power on one or more targeted receivers.

In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the drawings, which are not to scale or to proportion, similar symbols typically identify similar components, unless context dictates otherwise. The illustrative embodiments described in the detailed description, drawings and claims, are not meant to be limiting. Other embodiments may be used and/or and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a transmitter 100 that can be for wireless power transmission. In this embodiment, transmitter 100 may be used to provide wireless power transmission. Transmitter 100 may include a housing 102 having at least two or more antenna elements 104 , at least one RF integrated circuit (RFIC 106 ), at least one micro-controller 108 , and one communications component 110 .

Micro-controller 108 may include a digital signal processor (DSP), PIC-Class microprocessor, central processing unit, computer and the like. Micro-controller 108 may control a variety of features of RFIC 106 such as, time emission of pocket-forming, direction of the pocket-forming, bounce angle, power intensity and the like. Furthermore, micro-controller 108 may control multiple transmissions over multiple receivers or over a single receiver.

Housing 102 may be made of any suitable material which may allow for signal or wave transmission and/or reception, for example plastic or hard rubber. Antenna elements 104 may include suitable antenna types for operating in frequency bands such as 900 MHz, 2.5 GHz or 5.8 GHz as these frequency bands conform to Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulations part 18 (Industrial, Scientific and Medical equipment). Antenna elements 104 may include vertical or horizontal polarization, right hand or left hand polarization, elliptical polarization, or other suitable polarizations as well as suitable polarization combinations. Micro-controller 108 may then process information sent by a receiver. Typically, receivers may communicate to transmitter 100 through short signals (such as RF) or through communications component 110 for determining optimum times and locations for pocket-forming. Communications component 110 may be based on standard wireless communication protocols which may include Bluetooth, Wi-Fi or ZigBee. In addition, communications component 110 may be used to transfer other information such as an identifier for the device or user, battery level, location or other such information. Other communications component 110 may be possible which may include radar, infrared cameras or sound devices for sonic triangulation for determining the device's position. Transmitter 100 may also include an external power source 112 .

FIG. 2 shows an example of a receiver 200 for wireless power transmission. Receiver 200 may include a housing 202 having at least one antenna element 204 , one rectifier 206 , one power converter 208 and one or more communications component 210 . Housing 202 can be made of any suitable material which may allow for signal or wave transmission and/or reception, for example plastic or hard rubber. Housing 202 may be an external hardware that may be added to different electronic equipment, for example in the form of cases, or can be embedded within electronic equipment as well. Antenna element 204 may include suitable antenna types for operating in frequency bands such as those described for transmitter 100 from FIG. 1 . Antenna element 204 may include vertical or horizontal polarization, right hand or left hand polarization, elliptical polarization, or other suitable polarizations as well as suitable polarization combinations. As described above, receiver 200 may communicate with transmitter 100 using short signals (such as RF) or through. communications component 210 as described in FIG. 1 . Power converter 208 can be a DC-DC converter which may help provide a constant voltage output, regardless of input, to an electronic device, or as in this embodiment to a battery 212 .

FIG. 3 depicts a flat hybrid transmitter 300 in a front view. Hybrid transmitter 300 may operate by transmitting power router and/or Wi-Fi signal. Hybrid transmitter 300 may include antenna elements 104 and RFIC 106 (not shown) in a flat arrangement which may reduce losses due the shorter distance between components.

In hybrid transmitter 300 , the phase and the amplitude of each pocket forming in each antenna elements 104 may be regulated by the corresponding RFIC 106 in order to generate the desired pocket-forming and null-space steering. Furthermore, multiple pocket-forming may charge a higher number of receivers and may allow a better trajectory to such receivers.

Hybrid transmitter 300 may operate such that half of the array may transmit Wi-Fi signal and the other half of the array may transmit power router. FIG. 3 shows line 302 representing a division in the array. Hybrid transmitter 300 may include a switch to control switching between Wi-Fi

and/or power router. In one embodiment, Wi-Fi and power router may simultaneously operate. In other embodiments, only Wi-Fi or power router may operate at the same time.

In another embodiment, hybrid transmitter 300 may operate in a variety of array for antenna elements 104 , such arrays may increase or decrease the number of antenna elements 104 operating for each application, either transmitting power or Wi-Fi signal. In addition, hybrid transmitter 300 may not include array division, and thus the entire array of antenna elements 104 may operate for Wi-Fi signal only, and a switch may change the operation mode to power router.

FIG. 4 illustrates wireless power transmission 400 using Wi-Fi and pocket-forming for power router, Wireless power transmission 400 may include one transmitter 100 and at least two or more receivers 200 . Receivers 200 may communicate with transmitter 100 as described above though FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 .

Hybrid transmitter 300 may determine which signal to send (Wi-Fi or power router) to a receiver through micro-Controller 108 . Micro-controller 108 may receive an unique identifier for the device such as the MAC address of a laptop computer 406 or smartphone 408 .

Once hybrid transmitter 300 identifies and locates receiver 200 , a channel or path can he established by knowing the gain and phases coming from receiver 200 . Hybrid transmitter 300 may start to transmit controlled Radio Frequency (RF) waves 402 which may converge in 3-d space by using a minimum of two antenna elements 104 . These RF waves 402 may be produced using an external power source 112 and a local oscillator chip using a suitable piezoelectric material. RF waves 402 may be controlled by RFIC 106 which may include a proprietary chip for adjusting phase and/or relative magnitudes of RF signals which may serve as inputs for antenna elements 104 to form constructive and destructive interference patterns (pocket-forming). Pocket-forming may take advantage of interference to change the directionality of the antenna elements 104 where constructive interference generates a pocket of energy 404 and deconstructive interference generates a null space. Receiver 200 may then utilize pocket of energy 404 produced by pocket-forming for charging or powering an electronic device, for example a laptop computer 406 and thus effectively providing wireless power transmission using pocket-forming.

Hybrid transmitter 300 may also identify and locate receiver 200 from smartphone 408 . Smartphone 408 may require Wi-Fi signal. Therefore, hybrid transmitter 300 may send the required Wi-Fi signal in parallel with RF waves 402 for powering laptop computer 406 .

While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments may be contemplated. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.