Multi-speed planetary gear set transmission

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/606,791 filed Mar. 5, 2012. The disclosure of the above application is incorporated herein by reference.

The invention relates generally to a multiple speed transmission having a plurality of planetary gear sets and a plurality of torque transmitting devices and more particularly to a transmission having a plurality of speeds, at least four planetary gear sets and a plurality of torque transmitting devices.

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may or may not constitute prior art.

A typical multiple speed transmission uses a combination of friction clutches, planetary gear arrangements and fixed interconnections to achieve a plurality of gear ratios. The number and physical arrangement of the planetary gear sets, generally, are dictated by packaging, cost and desired speed ratios.

While current transmissions achieve their intended purpose, the need for new and improved transmission configurations which exhibit improved performance, especially from the standpoints of efficiency, responsiveness and smoothness and improved packaging, primarily reduced size and weight, is essentially constant. Accordingly, there is a need for an improved, cost-effective, compact multiple speed transmission.

A transmission is provided having an input member, an output member, four planetary gear sets, a plurality of coupling members and a plurality of torque transmitting devices. Each of the planetary gear sets includes first, second and third members. The torque transmitting devices are for example clutches and brakes.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the first, second, third and fourth planetary gear sets each having a sun gear, a carrier member and a ring gear, wherein the input member is continuously connected for common rotation with the sun gear of the second planetary gear set, and wherein the output member is continuously connected for common rotation with the carrier member of the first planetary gear set and the ring gear of the third planetary gear set.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, a first interconnecting member continuously interconnects the carrier member of the first planetary gear set with the ring gear of the third planetary gear set.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, a second interconnecting member continuously interconnects the ring gear of the first planetary gear set with the carrier member of the second planetary gear set.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, a third interconnecting member continuously interconnects the ring gear of the second planetary gear set with the carrier member of the third planetary gear set and the ring gear of the fourth planetary gear set.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, a fourth interconnecting member continuously interconnects the sun gear of the third planetary gear set with the carrier member of the fourth planetary gear set.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, a first torque transmitting mechanism is selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the second planetary gear set and the input member with the ring gear of the fourth planetary gear set.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, a second torque transmitting mechanism is selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the second planetary gear set and the input member with the carrier member of the fourth planetary gear set.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, a third torque transmitting mechanism is selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the fourth planetary gear set with the stationary member.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, a fourth torque transmitting mechanism is selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the third planetary gear set with the stationary member.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, a fifth torque transmitting mechanism is selectively engageable to interconnect the ring gear of the second planetary gear set with the stationary member.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, a sixth torque transmitting mechanism is selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the first planetary gear set with the stationary member.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the torque transmitting mechanisms are selectively engageable in combinations of at least two to establish a plurality of forward speed ratios and at least one reverse speed ratio between the input member and the output member.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, a transmission has a first interconnecting member continuously interconnects the carrier member of the first planetary gear set with the ring gear of the third planetary gear set, a second interconnecting member continuously interconnects the ring gear of the first planetary gear set with the carrier member of the second planetary gear set, a third interconnecting member continuously interconnects the ring gear of the second planetary gear set with the carrier member of the third planetary gear set and the carrier member of the fourth planetary gear set, and a fourth interconnecting member continuously interconnects the sun gear of the third planetary gear set with the ring gear of the fourth planetary gear set.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, a first torque transmitting mechanism is selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the second planetary gear set and the input member with the ring gear of the second planetary gear set, the carrier member of the third planetary gear set and the carrier member of the fourth planetary gear set, a second torque transmitting mechanism is selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the second planetary gear set and the input member with the sun gear of the third planetary gear set and the ring gear of the fourth planetary gear set, a third torque transmitting mechanism is selectively engageable to interconnect the carrier member of the first planetary gear set, the ring gear of the third planetary gear set and the output member with the ring gear of the second planetary gear set, the carrier member of the third planetary gear set and the carrier member of the fourth planetary gear set, a fourth torque transmitting mechanism is selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the fourth planetary gear set with the stationary member, a fifth torque transmitting mechanism is selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the third planetary gear set and the ring gear of the fourth planetary gear set with the stationary member, a sixth torque transmitting mechanism is selectively engageable to interconnect the carrier member of the third planetary gear set and the carrier member of the fourth planetary gear set with the stationary member, a seventh torque transmitting mechanism is selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the first planetary gear set with the stationary member.

Further features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent by reference to the following description and appended drawings wherein like reference numbers refer to the same component, element or feature.

The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way.

FIG. 1 is a lever diagram of an embodiment of a multi-speed transmission according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of an embodiment of an eight or nine speed transmission according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of an alternate embodiment of an eight or nine speed transmission according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a truth table presenting the state of engagement of the various torque transmitting elements in each of the available eight forward and reverse speeds or gear ratios of the transmissions illustrated in FIGS. 1 , 2 and 3 ;

FIG. 5 is a truth table presenting the state of engagement of the various torque transmitting elements in each of the available nine forward and reverse speeds or gear ratios of the transmissions illustrated in FIGS. 1 , 2 and 3 ;

FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic illustration of an embodiment of a ten speed transmission according to the present invention; and

FIG. 7 is a truth table presenting the state of engagement of the various torque transmitting elements in each of the available ten forward and reverse speeds or gear ratios of the ten speed transmission illustrated in FIG. 6 .

The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses.

At the outset, it should be appreciated that the embodiments of the multi-speed automatic transmissions of the present invention have an arrangement of permanent mechanical connections between the elements of the four planetary gear sets. For example, a second component or element of a first planetary gear set is permanently coupled to a first component or element of the third planetary gear set. A third component or element of the first planetary gear set is permanently coupled a second component or element of the second planetary gear set. A first component or element of the second planetary gear set is permanently coupled to a second component or element of the third planetary gear set and a first component or element of the fourth planetary gear set. A third component or element of the third planetary gear set is permanently coupled to a second component or element of the fourth planetary gear set.

Referring now to FIG. 1 , an embodiment of a multi-speed transmission 10 is illustrated in a lever diagram format. A lever diagram is a schematic representation of the components of a mechanical device such as an automatic transmission. Each individual lever represents a planetary gear set wherein the three basic mechanical components of the planetary gear are each represented by a node. Therefore, a single lever contains three nodes: one for the sun gear, one for the planet gear carrier, and one for the ring gear. The relative length between the nodes of each lever can be used to represent the ring-to-sun ratio of each respective gear set. These lever ratios, in turn, are used to vary the gear ratios of the transmission in order to achieve an appropriate ratios and ratio progression. Mechanical couplings or interconnections between the nodes of the various planetary gear sets are illustrated by thin, horizontal lines and torque transmitting devices such as clutches and brakes are presented as interleaved fingers. Further explanation of the format, purpose and use of lever diagrams can be found in SAE Paper 810102, “The Lever Analogy: A New Tool in Transmission Analysis” by Benford and Leising which is hereby fully incorporated by reference.

The transmission 10 includes an input shaft or member 12 , a first planetary gear set 14 , a second planetary gear set 16 , a third planetary gear set 18 and a fourth planetary gear set 20 and an output shaft or member 22 . In the lever diagram of FIG. 1 , the first planetary gear set 14 has three nodes: a first node 14 A, a second node 14 B and a third node 14 C. The second planetary gear set 16 has three nodes: a first node 16 A, a second node 16 B and a third node 16 C. The third planetary gear set 18 has three nodes: a first node 18 A, a second node 18 B and a third node 18 C. The fourth planetary gear set 20 has three nodes: a first node 20 A, a second node 20 B and a third node 20 C.

The input member 12 is continuously coupled to the third node 16 C of the second planetary gear set 16 . The output member 22 is coupled to the second node 14 B of the first planetary gear set 14 and the first node 18 A of the third planetary gear set 18 . The second node 14 B of the first planetary gear set 14 is coupled to the first node 18 A of the third planetary gear set 18 . The third node 14 C of the first planetary gear set 14 is coupled to the second node 16 B of the second planetary gear set 16 . The first node 16 A of the second planetary gear set 16 is coupled to the second node 18 B of the third planetary gear set 18 and to the first node 20 A of the fourth planetary gear set 20 . The third node 18 C of the third planetary gear set 18 is coupled to second node 20 B of the fourth planetary gear set 20 .

A first clutch 26 selectively connects the input member or shaft 12 and the third node 16 C of the second planetary gear set 16 with the first node 20 A of the fourth planetary gear set 20 , the second node 18 B of the third planetary gear set 18 and the first node 16 A of the second planetary gear set 16 . A second clutch 28 selectively connects the input member or shaft 12 and the third node 16 C of the second planetary gear set 16 with the second node 20 B of the fourth planetary gear set 20 and the third node 18 C of the third planetary gear set 18 . A first brake 30 selectively connects the third node 20 C of the fourth planetary gear set 20 with a stationary member or transmission housing 50 . A second brake 32 selectively connects the third node 18 C of the third planetary gear set 18 and the second node 20 B of the fourth planetary gear set 20 with the stationary member or transmission housing 50 . A third brake 34 selectively connects the first node 16 A of the second planetary gear set 16 , the second node 18 B of the third planetary gear set 18 and the first node 20 A of the fourth planetary gear set 20 with the stationary member or transmission housing 50 . A fourth brake 36 selectively connects the first node 14 A of the first planetary gear set 14 with the stationary member or transmission housing 50 .

Referring now to FIG. 2 , a stick diagram presents a schematic layout of an embodiment of the multi-speed transmission 10 according to the present invention. In FIG. 2 , the numbering from the lever diagram of FIG. 1 is carried over. The clutches and couplings are correspondingly presented whereas the nodes of the planetary gear sets now appear as components of planetary gear sets such as sun gears, ring gears, planet gears and planet gear carriers.

For example, the planetary gear set 14 includes a sun gear member 14 A, a ring gear member 14 C and a planet gear carrier member 14 B that rotatably supports a set of planet gears 14 D (only one of which is shown). The sun gear member 14 A is connected for common rotation with a first shaft or interconnecting member 42 . The ring gear member 14 C is connected for common rotation with a second shaft or interconnecting member 44 . The planet carrier member 14 B is connected for common rotation with a third shaft or interconnecting member 46 and the output shaft or member 22 . The planet gears 14 D are each configured to intermesh with both the sun gear member 14 A and the ring gear member 14 C.

The planetary gear set 16 includes a sun gear member 16 C, a ring gear member 16 A and a planet gear carrier member 16 B that rotatably supports a set of planet gears 16 D (only one of which is shown). The sun gear member 16 C is connected for common rotation with the input shaft or member 12 . The ring gear member 16 A is connected for common rotation with a fourth shaft or interconnecting member 48 . The planet carrier member 16 B is connected for common rotation with the second shaft or interconnecting member 44 . The planet gears 16 D are each configured to intermesh with both the sun gear member 16 C and the ring gear member 16 A.

The planetary gear set 18 includes a sun gear member 18 C, a ring gear member 18 A and a planet gear carrier member 18 B that rotatably supports a set of planet gears 18 D (only one of which is shown). The sun gear member 18 C is connected for common rotation with a fifth shaft or interconnecting member 52 and a sixth shaft or interconnecting member 54 . The ring gear member 18 A is connected for common rotation with the third shaft or interconnecting member 46 and with the output shaft or member 22 . The planet carrier member 18 B is connected for common rotation with the fourth shaft or interconnecting member 48 and with a seventh shaft or interconnecting member 56 . The planet gears 18 D are each configured to intermesh with both the sun gear member 18 C and the ring gear member 18 A.

The planetary gear set 20 includes a sun gear member 20 C, a ring gear member 20 A and a planet gear carrier member 20 B that rotatably supports a set of planet gears 20 D (only one of which is shown). The sun gear member 20 C is connected for common rotation with a eighth shaft or interconnecting member 58 . The ring gear member 20 A is connected for common rotation with a ninth shaft or interconnecting member 60 and with the seventh shaft or interconnecting member 56 . The planet carrier member 20 B is connected for common rotation with the fifth shaft or interconnecting member 52 and with a tenth shaft or interconnecting member 62 . The planet gears 20 D are each configured to intermesh with both the sun gear member 20 C and the ring gear member 20 A.

The input shaft or member 12 is continuously connected to an engine (not shown) or to a turbine of a torque converter (not shown). The output shaft or member 22 is continuously connected with the final drive unit or transfer case (not shown).

The torque-transmitting mechanisms or clutches 26 , 28 and brakes 30 , 32 , 34 and 36 allow for selective interconnection of the shafts or interconnecting members, members of the planetary gear sets and the housing. For example, the first clutch 26 is selectively engageable to connect the input shaft or member 12 with the fourth shaft or interconnecting member 48 . The second clutch 28 is selectively engageable to connect the input shaft or member 12 with the sixth shaft or interconnecting member 54 . The first brake 30 is selectively engageable to connect the eighth shaft or interconnecting member 58 with the stationary element or the transmission housing 50 in order to restrict the member 58 from rotating relative to the transmission housing 50 . The second brake 32 is selectively engageable to connect the tenth shaft or interconnecting member 62 with the stationary element or the transmission housing 50 in order to restrict the member 62 from rotating relative to the transmission housing 50 . The third brake 34 is selectively engageable to connect the ninth shaft or interconnecting member 60 with the stationary element or the transmission housing 50 in order to restrict the member 60 from rotating relative to the transmission housing 50 . The fourth brake 36 is selectively engageable to connect the first shaft or interconnecting member 42 with the stationary element or the transmission housing 50 in order to restrict the member 42 from rotating relative to the transmission housing 50 .

Referring now to FIG. 3 , an alternate embodiment of a multi-speed transmission is illustrated in schematic form and referenced by reference numeral 100 . Transmission 100 has the same number of planetary gear sets and torque transmitting mechanisms as described above with respect to transmission 10 . However, transmission 100 provides the same three planetary gear sets 14 , 16 and 18 as described with respect to transmission 10 , but in contrast to transmission 10 a different fourth planetary gear set 20 ′ is provided that replaces the planetary gear set 20 of transmission 10 . Planetary gear set 20 ′ is a compound planetary gear set that has a sun gear 20 C′, a ring gear 20 B′ and a carrier member 20 A′ that supports two sets of planetary pinion gears 20 D′ and 20 E′. Pinion gears 20 D′ mesh with both the sun gear 20 C′ and the second set of pinion gears 20 E′. Pinion gears 20 E′ mesh with both the ring gear 20 B′ and the first set of pinion gears 20 D′. In addition to the substitution of planetary gear set 20 with the compound planetary gear set 20 ′, interconnecting members 52 , 54 , 56 , 60 and 62 are eliminated and new reconfigured interconnecting member 54 ′ and 56 ′ are introduced. Interconnecting member 54 ′ interconnects sun gear member 18 C for common rotation with ring gear member 20 B′. Accordingly, second clutch 28 selectively connects interconnecting member 54 ′ with the input member 12 . Moreover, second brake 32 selectively connects interconnecting member 54 ′ with the transmission housing 50 . Interconnecting member 56 ′ interconnects carrier member 18 B for common rotation with carrier member 20 A′. Accordingly, third brake 34 selectively connects interconnecting member 56 ′ with the transmission housing 50 .

Referring now to FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the operation of the multi-speed transmissions 10 and 100 will be described. It will be appreciated that transmissions 10 and 100 are capable of transmitting torque from the input shaft or member 12 to the output shaft or member 22 in eight forward speed or torque ratios and at least one reverse speed or torque ratio. Each forward and reverse speed or torque ratio is attained by engagement of one or more of the torque-transmitting mechanisms (i.e. first clutch 26 , second clutch 28 , first brake 30 , second brake 32 , third brake 34 and fourth brake 36 ), as will be explained below. FIG. 4 is a truth table presenting the various combinations of torque-transmitting mechanisms that are activated or engaged to achieve the eight forward and one reverse gear states. An “X” in the box means that the particular clutch or brake is engaged to achieve the desired gear state. An “◯” represents that the particular torque transmitting device (i.e. a brake or clutch) is on or active, but not carrying torque. Actual numerical gear ratios of the various gear states are also presented although it should be appreciated that these numerical values are exemplary only and that they may be adjusted over significant ranges to accommodate various applications and operational criteria of the transmissions 10 and 100 . Of course, other gear ratios are achievable depending on the gear diameter, gear teeth count and gear configuration selected.

For example, transmission 10 establishes a reverse gear by engaging or activating the second clutch 28 and the third brake 34 . The second clutch 28 connects the input shaft or member 12 with sun gear member 18 C and carrier member 20 B. The third brake 34 connects the carrier member 18 B and ring gear 20 A with the stationary element or the transmission housing 50 in order to restrict the members 18 B and 20 A from rotating relative to the transmission housing 50 . Likewise, the eight forward ratios are achieved through different combinations of clutch and brake engagement, as shown in FIG. 4 .

Alternatively, transmission 100 establishes a reverse gear by engaging or activating the second clutch 28 and the third brake 34 . The second clutch 28 connects the input shaft or member 12 with sun gear member 18 C and ring gear member 20 B′. The third brake 34 connects the carrier member 18 B and carrier member 20 A′ with the stationary element or the transmission housing 50 in order to restrict the carrier members 18 B and 20 A′ from rotating relative to the transmission housing 50 . Likewise, the eight forward ratios are achieved through different combinations of clutch and brake engagement, as shown in FIG. 4 .

Referring now to FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 , the operation of a nine speed transmission will be described. The nine speed transmission has the same physical components and interconnections (i.e. planetary gear sets, clutches, brakes and interconnections) as shown and described with respect to transmissions 10 and 100 . However, the nine forward and one reverse speed ratios are achieved through the engagement of the clutches 26 and 28 and brakes 30 , 32 , 34 and 36 as shown in the torque transmitting or clutch table of FIG. 5 .

More specifically, the ninth gear is achieved through the engagement of second clutch 28 and first brake 30 . With respect to transmission 10 , the second clutch 28 connects the input shaft or member 12 with sun gear member 18 C and carrier member 20 B and the first brake 30 connects the sun gear 20 C with the stationary element or the transmission housing 50 in order to restrict the sun gear 20 C from rotating relative to the transmission housing 50 . With respect to transmission 100 , the second clutch 28 connects the input shaft or member 12 with sun gear member 18 C and ring gear member 20 B′ and the first brake 30 connects the sun gear 20 C′ with the stationary element or the transmission housing 50 in order to restrict the sun gear 20 C′ from rotating relative to the transmission housing 50 . Likewise, the other eight forward ratios and reverse ratio are achieved through different combinations of clutch and brake engagement, as shown in FIG. 5 .

Referring now to FIG. 6 , yet another embodiment of a multi-speed transmission is illustrated in schematic form and referenced by reference numeral 200 , in accordance with the present invention. Transmission 200 , with the exception of an addition of a third clutch 29 , has the same physical components and interconnections (i.e. planetary gear sets, clutches, brakes and interconnections) as shown and described with respect to transmission 100 . Third clutch 29 is selectively engageable to interconnect interconnecting member or shaft 56 ′ with interconnecting member or shaft 46 . More specifically, third clutch 29 is selectively engageable to interconnect carrier member 20 A′, carrier member 18 B and ring gear 16 A with ring gear 18 A, carrier member 14 B and output shaft 22 as shown in FIG. 6 .

Referring now to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the operation of the ten speed transmission 200 will be described. Each of the ten forward and one reverse speed or torque ratio is attained by engagement of one or more of the torque-transmitting mechanisms (i.e. first clutch 26 , second clutch 28 , third clutch 29 , first brake 30 , second brake 32 , third brake 34 and fourth brake 36 ) as shown in the torque transmitting element or clutch table of FIG. 7 . Specifically, the addition of third clutch 29 provides a different gear ratio for 4 th gear as compared to the previously described transmission embodiments. In order to achieve 4 th gear, transmission 200 selectively engages third clutch 29 and fourth brake 36 . As described above, third clutch 29 interconnects carrier member 20 A′, carrier member 18 B and ring gear 16 A with ring gear 18 A, carrier member 14 B and output shaft 22 . Fourth brake 36 connect the first shaft or interconnecting member 42 and sun gear 14 A with the stationary element or the transmission housing 50 in order to restrict the member 42 and sun gear 14 A from rotating relative to the transmission housing 50 . Likewise, the other nine forward ratios and reverse ratio are achieved through different combinations of clutch and brake engagement, as shown in FIG. 7 .

It will be appreciated that the foregoing explanation of operation and gear states of the multi-speed transmissions 10 , 100 and 200 assumes, first of all, that all the clutches not specifically referenced in a given gear state are inactive or disengaged and, second of all, that during gear shifts, i.e., changes of gear state, between at least adjacent gear states, a clutch engaged or activated in both gear states will remain engaged or activated.

The description of the invention is merely exemplary in nature and variations that do not depart from the gist of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention.