Increased capacity semiconductor package

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

1. Field of the Invention

The invention relates generally to an increased I/O lead frame and a semiconductor device incorporating the same.

2. Description of the Related Art

Generally, a lead frame for a semiconductor device is fabricated by mechanical stamping or chemical etching of metal strips. The lead frame serves to connect a semiconductor die to an external circuit and fix the semiconductor device to an external device, simultaneously.

The lead frame for the semiconductor device is generally a copper based (copper:iron:phosphorous=99.8:0.01:0.025) lead frame, a copper alloy based (copper:chrome:solder:zinc=99:0.25:0.25:0.22) lead frame, an alloy-42 based (iron:nickel=58:42) lead frame, in addition to others. The semiconductor devices using the lead frames include a through-hole mounting type dual inline package (DIP), a surface mounting type quad flat package (QFP) having smaller size and higher electrical performance, a small outline package (SOP), in addition to others.

However, in many semiconductor devices, leads of the semiconductor device are projected outwardly through a side portion of an encapsulant at a constant length. As a result, the size of the semiconductor device becomes larger and the number of input/output pins becomes smaller. In other words, though a semiconductor die may need a large number of input/output pins due to high integration and high functionality, it is difficult for the lead frame to satisfy the need of the semiconductor die.

Accordingly, in order to solve the problem, a ball grid array (BGA) or a pin grid array (PGA) semiconductor device using a laminate circuit substrate, a tape circuit substrate or a film circuit substrate has been developed in the prior art. A plurality of solder balls or metal pins of the semiconductor device are area-arrayed not in a side portion of the encapsulant, but rather in a lower portion of the encapsulant (e.g. a lower portion of a circuit substrate). As a result, a relatively large number of input/output pins can be provided.

However, the semiconductor device has high-priced circuit substrate. Additionally, heatproof performance and electrical performance of the semiconductor device are deteriorated, in comparison with a semiconductor device using a lead frame. In other words, a semiconductor die of the semiconductor device using a lead frame is often directly mounted on a die pad made of a copper material. Additionally, electric performance of semiconductor device can be improved due to high heatproof performance. However, it is difficult for the above-described semiconductor device using the circuit substrate to have the structure of the semiconductor device using the lead frame.

In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a lead frame and a semiconductor device including the same. The lead frame is provided with a die pad, and first, second and third lands sequentially arranged on an outer circumferential edge. The lead frame can separate the first and second lands or the die pad and the first land using a plating layer formed on the lead frame as a mask, instead of using a separate mask by etching after the application of the encapsulant. As a result thereof, a plurality of lands can be formed at low cost, in comparison with a conventional method. Additionally, the first, second and third lands are exposed to the outside through a lower portion of an encapsulant, and can be surface mounted on an external device through the first, second and third lands. A plating layer formed on bottom surfaces of the first, second and third lands of the lead frame and a process for separately plating nickel (Ni)/gold (An), or tin (Sn) can be omitted so as to easily surface mount the semiconductor device to the external device. The present invention will be more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

These, as well as other features of the present invention, will become more apparent upon reference to the drawings wherein:

FIG. 1A is a top perspective view illustrating a lead frame according to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 1B is a bottom plan view of the lead frame of FIG. 1A subsequent to the formation of a plating layer thereon;

FIG. 1C is a top plan view illustrating the lead frame of FIG. 1A prior to the formation of a plating layer thereon;

FIG. 1D is a top plan view of the lead frame of FIG. 1A subsequent to the formation of a plating layer thereon;

FIG. 1E is a bottom view illustrating the lead frame of FIG. 1A prior to the formation of a plating layer thereon;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line 2 - 2 of FIG. 1B ;

FIG. 3A is a top plan view illustrating a lead frame according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3B is a bottom plan view of the lead frame shown in FIG. 3A ;

FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3 C- 3 C of FIG. 3A ;

FIG. 4A is a top plan view illustrating a lead frame according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4B is a bottom plan view of the lead frame shown in FIG. 4A ;

FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4 C- 4 C of FIG. 4A ;

FIG. 5A is a top plan view illustrating a lead frame according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5B is a bottom plan view of the lead frame shown in FIG. 5A ;

FIG. 5C is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5 C- 5 C of FIG. 5A ;

FIG. 6A is a top plan view illustrating a semiconductor device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6B is a bottom plan view of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6A ;

FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view taken along line 6 C- 6 C of FIG. 6A ;

FIG. 7A is a bottom plan view illustrating a semiconductor device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7 B- 7 B of FIG. 7A ;

FIG. 8A is a top plan view illustrating a semiconductor device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8B is a bottom plan view of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 8A ;

FIG. 8C is a cross-sectional view taken along line 8 C- 8 C of FIG. 8A ;

FIG. 9A is a bottom plan view illustrating a semiconductor device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view taken along a line 9 B- 9 B of FIG. 9A ;

FIG. 10 is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary fabrication method for the semiconductor device shown in FIGS. 6A-6C ; and,

FIGS. 11A to 11J are views illustrating an exemplary fabrication method for the semiconductor device shown in FIGS. 6A-6C .

Common reference numerals are used throughout the drawings and the detailed description to indicate the same elements.

Referring now to the drawings wherein the showings are for purposes of illustrating various embodiments of the present invention only, and not for purposes of limiting the same, FIG. 1A depicts a lead frame 100 according to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1A to 1E , the lead frame 100 includes a die pad 110 , a plurality of tie bars 120 formed on the die pad 110 , a frame 130 connecting the tie bars 120 to each other, a plurality of extended leads 140 formed on the frame 130 and a plurality of normal leads 160 formed on the frame 130 .

The die pad 110 has an approximately quadrangular plate shape with four sides and four corners. A semiconductor die is attached to the die pad 110 via an adhesive coating applied to the die pad 110 . The die pad 110 is exposed to a lower portion of an encapsulant of the semiconductor device into which the lead frame 100 is integrated. In other words, the die pad 110 is surface-mounted on an external device. A plating layer 110 a may be formed on the top and bottom surfaces of the die pad 110 using any one material selected from silver (Ag), a pre-plated frame (PPF) (e.g. a plating layer plated sequentially with nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd) and gold (Au)), solder (Sn) or equivalent materials. The plating layer 110 a is hatched in FIGS. 1B and 1D . Additionally, the plating layer 110 a may be formed on a side surface of the die pad 110 .

Tie bars 120 are projected outwardly from each of the four corners of the die pad 110 at a constant length. In other words, each tie bar 120 is extended outwardly from a respective corner of the die pad 110 along an imaginary diagonal line. A half etching portion 124 is formed on a bottom surface of each tie bar 120 . The half etching portion 124 is positioned in an inner side of the encapsulant in the fabricating process for a semiconductor device including the lead frame 100 , and thus the bonding or adhesion force between the die pad 110 and the encapsulant is increased in the semiconductor device. A plating layer 120 a may be formed on the top and bottom surfaces of each tie bar 120 . The plating layer 120 a may be made of the same material as that of the plating layer 110 a . Thus, the detailed explanation of the material will be omitted. The plating layer 120 a is hatched in FIGS. 1B and 1D . Additionally, the plating layer 120 a may be formed on a side surface of each tie bar 120 .

The frame 130 connects respective ends of the tie bars 120 to each other and fixes the die pad 110 through the tie bars 120 . The frame 130 may be formed to extend in spaced, generally parallel relation to respective sides of the die pad 110 . However, the frame 130 is ultimately separated or removed from the tie bars 120 , the extended leads 140 and the normal leads 160 in the fabricating process of the semiconductor device so as to separate or electrically isolate the extended leads 140 from the normal leads 160 . A plating layer 130 a may be formed on the top and bottom surfaces of the frame 130 . The plating layer 130 a may be made of the same material as that of the layer 110 a . Thus, the detailed explanation of the material will be omitted. The plating layer 130 a is hatched in FIGS. 1B and 1D . Additionally, the plating layer 130 a may be formed on a side surface of the frame 130 .

The extended leads 140 with a predetermined pitch are extended perpendicularly from the frame 130 toward the die pad 110 at a constant length. However, the extended leads 140 do not contact the die pad 110 . Additionally, the extended leads 140 are provided with a first land 145 and a second land 147 , and a half etched portion 143 formed on a top surface between the first and second lands 145 and 147 . The half etched portion 143 is removed to separate the first land 145 electrically from the second land 147 in the fabricating process of the semiconductor device integrating the lead frame 100 . Additionally, the half etched portion 143 is hatched in FIG. 1C .

Bottom surfaces of the first and second lands 145 and 147 are areas exposed to a lower portion of the encapsulant of the semiconductor device into which the lead frame 100 is integrated. The first and second lands 145 and 147 may be surface-mounted to an external device. Additionally, wire bonding area 145 a and 147 a are provided on top surfaces of the extended leads 140 . The wire bonding areas 145 a and 147 a are formed on the top surface 145 a of the first land 145 of each of the extended leads 140 and the top surface 147 a of the second land 147 of each of the extended leads 140 , respectively. Of course, the wire bonding areas 145 a , 147 a , though being explained below, are areas for electrically bonding conductive wires. A plating layer 140 a is formed on the top and bottom surfaces of the first and second lands 145 and 147 of the extended leads 140 . The plating layer 140 a may be made of the same material as that of the plating layer 110 a , and thus the explanation of the material is omitted. The plating layer 140 a is hatched in FIGS. 1B and 1D . Additionally, the plating layer 140 a may be formed on a side surface of each of the extended leads 140 and side surfaces of the first and second lands 145 and 147 .

The normal leads 160 with a predetermined pitch are each extended perpendicularly from the frame 130 toward the die pad 110 at a constant length. However, each of the normal leads 160 has the length shorter than that of the extended leads 140 . In other words, the extended leads 140 and the normal leads 160 are alternately positioned relative to each other, and the length of the extended leads 140 is longer than that of the normal leads 160 .

Each normal lead 160 is provided with a third land 165 , and a half etched portion 164 is formed on a bottom surface between the third land 165 and the frame 130 . A bottom surface of the third land 165 is exposed to a lower portion of the encapsulant of the semiconductor device into which the lead frame 100 is integrated and surface mounted to an external device.

Additionally, a wire bonding area 162 is provided on a top surface of each normal lead 160 . Of course, the wire bonding area 162 is an area electrically bonding conductive wires. The detailed explanation appears below. A plating layer 160 a is formed on the top and bottom surfaces of each of the normal leads 160 . The plating layer 160 a may be made of the same material as that of the plating layer 110 a , and the explanation for the material will be omitted. The plating layer 160 a is hatched in FIGS. 1B and 1D . Additionally, the plating layer 160 a may be formed on a side surface of each of the normal leads 160 .

The lead frame 100 according to the present invention, as a quad flat no-lead (QFN) package, has high heatproof performance for emitting heat generated from a semiconductor die mounted to the die pad 110 to the outside, and high electrical performance due to a short path for electrically transmitting a signal. Additionally, a downset is not formed on the lead frame 100 and thus a step is not formed therein. As a result, the size and thickness of a semiconductor device including the lead frame 100 can be reduced, in comparison with a conventional lead frame package. The lead frame 100 can be fabricated by etching the half etched portion 143 in the fabricating process of the semiconductor device and separating a plurality of first and second lands 145 and 147 electrically from each other. The above-described lead frame 100 can form a plurality of lands at low fabricating cost in comparison with a conventional fabricating method.

As shown in FIG. 2 , a plating layer 110 a is formed on a bottom surface of the die pad 110 . The plating layer 110 a formed on the bottom surface of the die pad 110 is exposed to a lower portion of an encapsulant of a semiconductor device into which the lead frame is integrated. In other words, the die pad 110 is surface-mounted on an external device through the plating layer 110 a . Additionally, the plating layer 110 a improves the electrical property between the lead frame 100 and the external device when the die pad 110 is surface mounted to the external device. The plating layer 110 a may be further formed on the upper and side surfaces of the die pad 110 .

Additionally, each extended lead 140 with a predetermined pitch extends outwardly from the die pad 110 , and is provided with the first and second lands 145 and 147 , and the half etch portion 143 between the first and second lands 145 and 147 on the top surface thereof. The plating layer 140 a is formed on the top surfaces of the first and second lands 145 and 147 of the extended lead 140 for wire-bonding with a semiconductor die in the fabricating process of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 100 . Additionally, the plating layer 140 a is formed on bottom surfaces of the first and second lands 145 and 147 of each of the extended leads 140 . A bottom surface of the plating layer 140 a , formed on the bottom surfaces of the first and second lands 145 and 147 is exposed to a lower portion of the encapsulant of the semiconductor device. The plating layer 140 a of the first and second lands 145 and 147 is required to allow for the surface-mounting of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 100 to an external device. On the side surfaces of the first and second lands 145 and 147 of the extended lead 140 , the plating layer 140 a may be further formed. In other words, the plating layer 140 a is formed on those areas of each of the extended leads 140 except for the half etched portion 143 thereof. As indicated above, the half etched portion 143 is removed to separate the first land 145 electrically from the second land 147 in the fabricating process of the semiconductor device.

As also indicated above, each normal lead 160 is formed outwardly from the die pad 110 with a predetermined pitch and is provided with the third land 165 , and a half etched portion 164 on a bottom surface between the third land 165 and the frame 130 . As such, the plating layer 160 a of each normal lead 160 is formed on a top surface of the third land 165 and a top surface from the third land 165 to the frame 130 for wire-bonding with a semiconductor die in the fabricating process of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 100 . Additionally, the plating layer 160 a is formed on the lower surfaces of the third land 165 and the half etched portion 164 . The plating layer 160 a formed on the bottom surface of the third land 165 is exposed to a lower portion of the encapsulant of the semiconductor device. Additionally, a bottom surface of the plating layer 160 a , formed on the third land 165 is used in the surface-mounting of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 100 to an external device.

Referring to FIGS. 3A-3C , there is shown a lead frame 200 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C , the lead frame 200 includes a die pad 110 , a plurality of tie bars 120 formed on the die pad 110 , a frame 130 connecting the tie bars 120 to each other, a plurality of projection leads 240 formed on the die pad 110 , a plurality of second lands 250 formed on the frame 130 and a plurality of normal leads 260 formed on the frame 130 . The lead frame 200 has the same structure as that of the lead frame 100 , except for the projection leads 240 , the second lands 250 and normal leads 260 . Accordingly, with emphasis on the differences between the lead frames 100 , 200 , the projection leads 240 with a predetermined pitch are projected outwardly from respective sides of the frame 130 at a constant length. In other words, the projection leads 240 are extended perpendicularly to the sides of the die pad 110 and outwardly at a constant length.

Additionally, each of the projection leads 240 is provided with a first land 245 , and a half etched portion 243 formed on a top surface between the first land 245 and the die pad 110 . The half etched portion 243 is removed to separate the first land 245 electrically from the die pad 110 in the fabricating process of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 200 . In addition, the half etched portion 243 is hatched in FIG. 3A . A bottom surface of the first land 245 is exposed to a lower portion of the encapsulant of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 200 and is used in surface mounting a semiconductor device including the lead frame 200 to an external device. Additionally, a plating layer 240 a is formed on the bottom surface of the first land 245 to assist in such surface mounting to the external device.

Additionally, a wire bonding area 242 is formed on a top surface of the first land 245 . Of course, though being explained below, the wire bonding area 242 is an area for electrically bonding conductive wires. Additionally, the plating layer 240 a is formed on a top surface of the projection lead 240 so as to easily perform wire bonding. In other words, the plating layer 240 a is formed on the each projection lead 140 , except for upper, bottom and side surfaces of the half etched portion 243 thereof.

The plating layer 240 a may be formed on a side surface of the first land 245 of the projection lead 240 . The plating layer 240 a may be made of any one material selected from silver (Ag), nickel (Ni)/palladium (Pd)/gold (Au), tin (Sn) or equivalent materials. The second land 250 with a predetermined pitch is extended perpendicularly from the frame 130 toward the projection lead 240 formed on the die pad 110 at a constant length. In other words, the second land 250 and the projection lead 240 are formed on the same straight line or a common axis extending perpendicularly from the die pad 110 to the frame 130 . However, the second land 250 is not in contact with the projection lead 240 of the die pad 110 . A bottom surface of the second land 250 is exposed to a lower portion of an encapsulant of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 200 , and is surface mounted to an external device. Additionally, a plating layer 250 a is formed on the bottom surface of the second land 250 for assisting in the surface mounting to the external surface.

Additionally, a wire bonding area 252 is formed on a top surface of the second land 250 . Of course, though being explained below, the wire bonding area 252 is an area for electrically bonding conductive wires. A plating layer 250 a may be formed on the top surface of the second land 250 so as to easily perform wire bonding. The plating layer 250 a may be formed on a side surface of the second land 250 . The plating layer 250 a may be made of the same material as that of the plating layer 240 a . Thus, the detailed explanation of the material will be omitted.

The normal leads 260 with a predetermined pitch are extended perpendicularly from the frame 130 and toward the die pad 110 at a constant length. The length of each normal lead 260 is longer than that of the second land 250 , however, the normal leads 260 do not contact the die pad 110 . In other words, the second lands 250 and the normal leads 260 are alternately positioned relative to each other and the length of the normal leads 260 is longer than that of the second lands 250 . Additionally, each normal lead 260 is provided with a third land 265 and a half etched portion 264 formed on a bottom surface between the third land 265 and the frame 130 . The half etched portion 264 is hatched in FIG. 3B . A bottom surface of the third land 265 is exposed to a lower portion of the encapsulant of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 200 and surface mounted to an external device. Additionally, a plating layer 260 a is formed on the bottom surface of the third land 265 for assisting in the surface mounting to the external device.

On the top surface of the normal lead 260 , a wire bonding area 262 is formed. The wired bonding area 262 extends on the top surface from the third land 265 to the frame 130 . Of course, the wire bonding area 262 is an area for electrically bonding conductive wires, as explained below. A plating layer 260 a is formed on the top surface of the normal lead 260 to easily perform wire bonding. The plating layer 260 a may be formed on a side surface of the normal lead 260 . The plating layer 260 a may be made of the same material as that of the plating layer 240 a . Thus, the detailed explanation of the material will be omitted.

The lead frame 200 according to the present invention, is typically integrated into a quad flat no-lead (QFN) package, and has high heatproof performance for emitting heat generated from the semiconductor die to the outside, and high electrical performance due to a short path for electrically transmitting a signal. Additionally, a downset is not formed in the lead frame 200 and thus a step is not formed therein. As a result, the size and thickness of the package including the lead frame 200 can be reduced, in comparison with a conventional lead frame package. The lead frame 200 can be fabricated by etching the half etched portion 243 in addition to the second and third lands 250 and 265 and separating a plurality of first lands 245 electrically from each other in the fabricating process of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 200 . The lead frame 200 formed as described above may form a plurality of lands at low cost, in comparison with conventional lead frame fabrication methods.

Referring now to FIGS. 4A to 4C , a lead frame 300 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include a die pad 310 , a plurality of tie bars 320 formed on the die pad 310 , a dambar 330 connecting the tie bars 320 to each other, a land connection bar 340 spaced from the sides of the die pad 310 and connecting the tie bars 320 to each other, a plurality of first lands 350 formed on the land connection bar 340 , a plurality of extended leads 360 formed on the land connection bar 340 , a plurality of normal leads 370 formed on the dambar 330 and a plurality of external leads 380 formed on the dambar 330 . The die pad 310 has an approximately quadrangular plate shape with four sides and four corners. A semiconductor die is attached to the die pad 310 after an adhesive is applied to the die pad 310 in a fabrication process for a semiconductor device including the lead frame 300 . The die pad 310 is exposed to a lower portion of the encapsulant of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 300 . In other words, the die pad 310 is surface-mounted on an external device. A plating layer 310 a may be formed on the top and bottom surfaces of the die pad 310 from any one material selected from silver (Ag), nickel (Ni)/palladium (Pd)/gold (Au), tin (Sn) or equivalent materials. Additionally, the plating layer 310 a may be formed on the side surfaces of the die pad 310 . A half etched portion 314 extends along each of the four sides of the die pad 310 and is recessed relative to the bottom surface thereof. The half etched portion 314 is also ultimately covered by the encapsulant of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 300 . As a result, bonding the encapsulant to the die pad 310 can be improved. The half etched portion 314 of the die pad 310 is hatched in FIG. 4B .

The tie bars 320 project or protrude outwardly from respective ones of the four corners of the die pad 310 at a constant length. In other words, each of the tie bars 320 is extended outwardly from a respective corner of the die pad 310 along an imaginary diagonal line. Additionally, a first downset 321 and a second downset 322 are formed in each the tie bar 320 . Accordingly, an outer area of the first downset 321 is positioned higher than the die pad 310 . In other words, only an inner area of the first downset 321 formed on the tie bar 320 extends in generally coplanar relation to the die pad 310 . A plating layer 320 a may be formed on the top and bottom surfaces of each tie bar 320 . The plating layer 320 a may be made of the same material as that of the plating layer 310 a . Thus, the detailed explanation of the material will be omitted. Additionally, the plating layer 320 a may be formed on the side surface of each tie bar 320 .

The dambar 330 connects the tie bars 320 to each other. Accordingly, the dambar 330 has an approximately quadrangular ring shape. The dambar 330 may define segments which extend in generally parallel relation to respective sides of the die pad 310 . However, the dambar 330 is removed to separate the extended leads 360 electrically from the normal leads 370 in a fabrication process of a semiconductor device including the lead frame 300 . A plating layer 330 a may be further formed on the top and bottom surfaces of the dambar 330 . The plating layer 330 a may be made of the same material as that of the plating layer 310 a . Thus, the detailed explanation of the material will be omitted. Additionally, the plating layer 330 a may be formed on the side surface of the dambar 330 .

The land connection bar 340 is spaced from the four sides and four corners of the die pad 310 , and extends in generally coplanar relation to the die pad 310 . In other words, the land connection bar 340 is spaced from the die pad 310 and formed to extend about the die pad 310 . The land connection bar 340 also connects the tie bars 320 to each other. A half etched portion 344 is formed on the top surface of the land connection bar 340 . The half etched portion 344 is removed to separate the first lands 350 electrically from the extended leads 360 in the fabrication process of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 300 . Additionally, the half etched portion 344 is hatched in FIG. 4A .

Support bars 345 are further formed on the land connection bar 340 , each of the support bars 345 connecting the land connection bar 340 and the die pad 310 to each other. A plating layer 345 a may be further formed on the top and bottom surfaces of each of the support bars 345 .

The first lands 350 of predetermined pitch are extended perpendicularly from the land connection bar 340 toward the die pad 310 at a constant length. However, each first land 350 does not contact the die pad 310 . Additionally, a bottom surface of each first land 350 exposed to the lower portion of the encapsulant of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 300 , and defines an area to be surface-mounted to an external device. A plating layer 350 a may formed on the top, bottom and side surfaces of each first land 350 to assist with the surface-mounting to the external device.

Additionally, a wire bonding area is defined on the top surface of each first land 350 . Of course, the wire bonding area 353 is an area for electrically bonding conductive wires, though being explained below. As indicated above, the plating layer 350 a may be further formed on the top surface of each first land 350 to easily perform wire bonding. The plating layer 350 a may also be formed on a side surface of the first land 350 as also indicated above. The plating layer 350 a may be formed by the same material as that of the plating layer 310 a . Thus, the detailed explanation of the material will be omitted. Additionally, the first land 350 is provided with a locking projection 355 formed on both sides or on one side of the first land 350 . A half etched portion 355 a is formed on the bottom surface of each locking projection 355 and covered by the encapsulant of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 300 . As a result, bonding force between each first land 350 and the encapsulant can be improved. The half etched portion 355 a of each locking projection 355 is hatched in FIG. 4B .

Each extended lead 360 with a predetermined pitch is extended perpendicularly from the land connection bar 340 toward the dambar 330 at a constant length. Additionally, each extended lead 360 defines a second land 365 . Each second land 365 is adapted for surface mounting to an external device. In FIGS. 4A and 4B , each first land 350 is linerally aligned with a respective one of the second lands 365 .

Each extended lead 360 is also provided with a first downset 361 and a second downset 362 , which are sequentially formed therein. Accordingly, an outer area of the first downset 361 of each extended lead 360 is positioned higher than the die pad 310 . Additionally, the second land 365 of each extended lead 360 is formed inwardly from the first downset 361 and is connected to the land connection bar 340 .

Each extended lead 360 defines a wire bonding area 363 on the top surface thereof between the first downset 361 and the second downset 362 . The wire bonding area 363 is formed higher than or elevated relative to the die pad 310 . The wire bonding area 363 is an area for electrically bonding conductive wires, though being explained below. Additionally, a plating layer 360 a is formed on the top surface of each extended lead 360 to easily perform wire bonding. The plating layer 360 a may be formed by the same material as that of the plating layer 310 a . Thus, the detailed explanation of the material will be omitted. The plating layer 360 a may also be formed on the bottom and side surfaces of each extended lead 360 .

Additionally, a tie bar portion 364 of each extended lead 360 is connected with the dambar 330 . As a result, the flatness of the land connection bar 340 and the first lands 350 can be maintained. When the dambar 330 is removed in the fabrication process of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 300 , the extended tie bar portions 364 are not exposed to the outside of the encapsulant. Accordingly, the extended tie bar portions 364 of the semiconductor device may be electrically coupled to an external device only through the second lands 365 , like the other extended leads 365 .

Each normal lead 370 with a predetermined pitch is extended perpendicularly from the dambar 330 toward the die pad 310 at a constant length. Additionally, the normal leads 370 and the extended leads 360 are alternately positioned or staggered relative to each other. Each normal lead 370 is provided with a downset 371 . The downsets 371 of the normal leads 370 correspond to the second downsets 362 . Moreover, each normal lead 370 is provided with a wire bonding area 373 on the top surface thereof between the downset 371 and the die pad 310 . The wire bonding area 373 has the same planar shape as that of the wire bonding area 363 of each extended lead 360 . Of course, the wire bonding area 373 is an area for electrically bonding conductive wires, though being explained below. Additionally, a plating layer 370 a may be formed on the top surface of each normal lead 370 to easily perform wire bonding. The plating layer 370 a may be made of the same material as that of the plating layer 310 a . Thus, the detailed explanation of the material will be omitted. The plating layer 370 a may also be formed on bottom and side surfaces of each normal lead 370 .

Each external lead 380 is extended perpendicularly outward from the dambar 330 at a constant length, and is aligned with a respective one of the normal leads 370 . The external leads are 380 are electrically coupled to the tie bar 320 , the extended leads 360 and the normal leads 370 . However, when the dambar 330 is removed in the fabrication process of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 300 , the external lead 380 are electrically coupled to only respective ones of the normal lead 370 . Accordingly, an electrical signal through each normal lead 370 is transmitted through the corresponding external lead 380 . Each external lead 380 protrudes from a side surface of the encapsulant of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 300 , and is adapted to be surface mounted or through hole mounted on an external device.

The lead frame 300 formed as described above may separate a plurality of first lands 350 electrically from a plurality of second lands 365 by etching the land connection bar 340 in the fabrication process of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 300 . The lead frame 300 formed as described above may form a plurality of lands at low cost, in comparison with conventional lead frame fabrication methods.

As shown in FIGS. 5A-5C , a lead frame 400 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include a die pad 410 , a plurality of tie bars 320 formed on the die pad 410 , a dambar 330 connecting the tie bars 320 to each other, a plurality of projection leads 440 formed on the die pad 410 , a land connection bar 430 extending along and spaced from the sides of the die pad 410 and connecting the tie bars 320 to each other, a plurality of extended leads 460 with a predetermined pitch extending from the land connection bar 430 toward the dambar 330 and each including a second land 465 , a plurality of normal leads 370 formed on the dambar 330 , and a plurality of external leads 380 formed on the dambar 330 .

The lead frame 400 has the same structure as that of lead frame 300 as described above, except for the die pad 410 and the projection leads 440 . Accordingly, with emphasis on these differences, the die pad 410 has an approximately quadrangular plate shape with four sides and four corners. In the fabrication process of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 400 , a semiconductor die is attached on the die pad 410 by an adhesive coated on the die pad 410 . The die pad 410 is exposed to a lower portion of the encapsulant of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 400 . In other words, the die pad 410 may be surface mounted on an external device. A plating layer 410 a may be formed on the top and bottom surfaces of the die pad 410 from any one material selected from silver (Ag), nickel (Ni)/palladium (Pd)/gold (Au), tin (Sn) or equivalent materials. Additionally, the plating layer 410 a may be formed on a side surface of the die pad 410 .

The projection leads 440 with a predetermined pitch are projected outwardly from respective sides or peripheral edge segments of the die pad 410 at a constant length. In other words, the projection leads 440 extend perpendicularly outward from corresponding sides of the die pad 410 at a constant length. Additionally, each projection lead 440 is provided with a first land 445 , and a half etched portion 443 formed on the top surface between the first land 445 and the die pad 410 . The half etched portion 443 is removed to separate the first land 445 electrically from the die pad 410 in the fabrication process of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 400 . The half etched portion 443 is hatched in FIG. 5A . The bottom surface of the first land 445 is an area exposed to a lower portion of the encapsulant of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 400 , and may be surface mounted to an external device. Additionally, a plating layer 440 a is formed on the bottom surface of the first land 445 for surface mounting with the external device. The plating layer may also be formed on the top and side surfaces of each first land 445 .

A wire bonding area 442 is provided on the top surface of each first land 445 . Of course, the wire bonding area 442 is an area for electrically bonding conductive wires, though being explained below. Additionally, as indicated above, the plating layer 440 a may be formed on the top surface of each projection lead 440 to easily perform wire bonding. The plating layer 440 a may be made of the same material as that of the plating layer 410 a . Thus, the detailed explanation of the material will be omitted.

Additionally, a locking projection 446 may formed on both sides or one side of each first land 445 . A half etched portion 446 a is formed on a bottom surface of each locking projection 446 and covered by the encapsulant of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 400 . As a result, the bonding force of the first land 445 and the encapsulant can be improved. The half etched portion 446 a of each locking projection 446 is hatched in FIG. 5B .

Additionally, each extended lead 460 is provided with a second land 465 as indicated above. Each second land 465 is adapted to be surface mounted to an external device. The first land 445 and the second land 465 may be arranged as straight array or a staggered array. Each extended lead 460 is also provided with a first downset 461 and a second downset 462 , which are sequentially formed therein. Accordingly, an outer area of the first downset 461 of each extended lead 460 is positioned higher than or elevated relative to the die pad 410 .

Additionally, each extended lead 460 is provided with a wire bonding area 463 on a top surface between the first downset 461 and the second downset 462 . The wire bonding area 463 is higher than or elevated relative to the die pad 410 . The wire bonding area 463 is an area for electrically bonding conductive wires, though being explained below. A plating layer 460 a is formed on the top surface of each extended lead 460 to easily perform wire bonding. The plating layer 460 a may be made of the same material as that of the plating layer 410 a . Thus, the detailed explanation of the material will be omitted. The plating layer 460 a may also be formed on the bottom and side surfaces of each extended lead 460 .

A half etched portion 444 is formed on a top surface of the land connection bar 430 . The half etched portion 444 is removed to separate the extended leads 460 electrically from each other in the fabrication process of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 400 . Additionally, the half etched portion 444 is hatched in FIG. 5A .

The lead frame 400 according to the present invention can be obtained by etching the half etched portions 443 and 444 in the fabrication process of the semiconductor device including the lead frame 400 to separate the first lands 445 and the second lands 465 electrically from each other. The lead frame 400 formed as described above may form a plurality of lands at low cost, in comparison with the existing lead frame fabrication processes.

Referring now to FIGS. 6A though 6 C, a semiconductor device 500 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a lead frame 100 , a semiconductor die 510 , conductive wires 520 and an encapsulant 530 . The lead frame 100 includes a die pad 110 , a tie bar (not shown), a plurality of first and second lands 145 and 147 , each corresponding pair of which is defined by an extended lead 140 , and a plurality third land 165 , each of which is defined by a normal lead 160 . The lead frame 100 is described in detail above.

The semiconductor die 510 is attached to the die pad 110 of the lead frame 100 with an adhesive 501 , and a plurality of bond pads 511 are formed on a top surface of the semiconductor die 510 . Conductive wires 520 electrically couple the bond pads 511 of the semiconductor die 510 to the first lands 145 of the extended leads 140 , the second lands 147 of the extended leads 140 , and the third lands 165 of the normal leads 160 .

The encapsulant 530 encapsulates the lead frame 100 , the semiconductor die 510 and the conductive wires 520 so as to protect the lead frame 100 , the semiconductor die 510 and the conductive wires 520 from the external environment. The first and second lands 145 and 147 of each extended lead 140 of the lead frame 100 and the third land 165 of each normal lead 160 are exposed to the outside through a lower portion 532 of the encapsulant 530 . Additionally, the die pad 110 is exposed to the outside through the lower portion 532 of the encapsulant 530 .

Additionally, a groove 533 is formed by etching a portion between the first and second lands 145 and 147 of each extended lead 140 exposed to the lower portion 532 of the encapsulant 530 . The groove 533 electrically separates the first and second lands 145 and 147 . When the groove 533 is formed, the plating layer 140 a is formed on the bottom surfaces of the first and second lands 145 and 147 . Additionally, the plating layer 140 a serves as a mask. The etching may be performed alkali etching, but is not limited thereto. The etching method may separate the first and second lands 145 and 147 using the plating layer 140 a formed on the lead frame 100 as a mask, without using a separate mask. As a result thereof, a plurality of lands can be formed at low cost in comparison with the conventional lead frame fabrication methods, and thus productivity can be improved.

Meanwhile, a half etched portion of each tie bar 120 of the lead frame 100 is positioned within or covered by the encapsulant in the fabrication process of the semiconductor device 500 . As a result, the bonding force between the die pad 110 and the encapsulant 530 is improved. Additionally, the half etched portion 164 of each normal lead 160 of the lead frame 100 is positioned within or covered by the encapsulant 530 . As a result, the bonding force of the lead frame 100 and the encapsulant 530 is improved.

Referring now to FIGS. 7A and 7B , a semiconductor device 600 according to the present invention includes a lead frame 200 , a semiconductor die 510 , conductive wires 520 and an encapsulant 630 . The semiconductor device 600 has the same structure as that of the semiconductor device 500 described above, except for the lead frame 200 and the encapsulant 630 . Accordingly, with emphasis on these differences, the lead frame 200 includes the die pad 110 , the tie bars 120 , the first and second lands 245 and 250 defined by the projection leads 240 and the third lands 265 defined by the normal leads 260 . The lead frame 200 is described in detail above.

The encapsulant 630 encapsulates the lead frame 200 , the semiconductor die 510 and the conductive wires 520 so as to protect the lead frame 200 , the semiconductor die 510 and the conductive wires 520 from the external environment. The first and second lands 245 and 250 of each projection lead 240 of the lead frame 200 and the third land 265 of each normal lead 260 are exposed to the outside through a lower portion 632 of the encapsulant 630 . Additionally, the die pad 110 is also exposed to the outside through the lower portion 632 of the encapsulant 630 .

Additionally, a groove 633 is formed by etching a portion between the die pad 110 exposed to the lower portion 632 of the encapsulant 630 and the first lands 245 of the projection leads 240 . The groove 633 electrically separates the die pad 110 and the first lands 245 . When etching to form the groove 633 is performed, the plating layers 110 a and 240 a are formed on the bottom surfaces of the die pad 110 and the first lands 245 . Additionally, the plating layers 110 a and 240 a serve as masks. The etching may be performed alkali etching, but is not limited thereto. The etching method can separate the die pad 110 and the first lands 245 using the plating layers 110 a and 240 a formed on the lead frame 200 as masks, without using a separate mask. As such, the semiconductor device 600 can be fabricated to include the first lands 245 by separating the first lands 245 electrically from the die pad 110 , in addition to the second and third lands 250 and 265 . As a result, a plurality of lands can be formed at low cost in comparison with conventional lead frame fabrication methods.

Meanwhile, the half etched portion of each tie bar 120 of the lead frame 200 is positioned within or covered by the encapsulant 630 in the fabrication process for the semiconductor device 600 . As a result, the bonding force between the die pad 110 and the encapsulant 630 is increased. Additionally, the half etched portion 264 of each normal lead 260 of the lead frame 200 is positioned within or covered by the encapsulant 630 . As a result, the bonding force between the lead frame 200 and the encapsulant 630 is increased.

Referring now to FIGS. 8A through 8C , a semiconductor device 700 according to the present invention includes a lead frame 300 , semiconductor die 710 , conductive wires 720 and an encapsulant 730 . The lead frame 300 includes the die pad 310 , the tie bars 320 , the first and second lands 350 and 365 defined by the extended leads 360 , the normal leads 370 and the external leads 380 . The lead frame 300 is described in detail above.

The semiconductor die 710 is attached to the die pad 310 of the lead frame 300 by the adhesive 701 , and a plurality of bond pads 711 are formed on a top surface of the semiconductor die 710 . The conductive wires 720 electrically couple the bond pads 711 of the semiconductor die 710 to the first lands 350 , the wire bonding areas 363 of the extended leads 360 , and the wire bonding areas 373 of the normal leads 370 .

The encapsulant 730 encapsulates the lead frame 300 , the semiconductor die 710 and the conductive wires 720 so as to protect the lead frame 300 , the semiconductor die 710 and the conductive wires 720 from the external environment. The external leads 380 of the lead frame 300 are extended from a side portion 731 of the encapsulant 730 and bent to assume a gull wing configuration. The first lands 350 of the lead frame 300 and the second lands 365 of the extended leads 360 are exposed to the outside through the lower portion 732 of the encapsulant 730 . Additionally, the die pad 310 and the tie bars 320 connected to the die pad 310 are also exposed to the outside through the lower portion 732 of the encapsulant 730 .

A groove 733 is formed by etching a portion between the first lands 350 exposed to the lower portion 732 of the encapsulant 730 and the extended leads 360 . The groove 733 electrically separates the first lands 350 and the extended leads 360 . When the groove 733 is formed, the plating layers 350 a and 360 a may be formed on the bottom surfaces of the first lands 350 and the extended leads 360 . Additionally, the plating layers 350 a and 360 a serve as masks. The etching may be performed by alkali etching, but is not limited thereto. The etching method can separate the first lands 350 from the extended leads 360 using the plating layers 350 a and 360 a formed on the lead frame 300 without using a separate mask. As a result, a plurality of lands can be formed at low cost in comparison with the conventional lead frame fabrication methods, and thus productivity can be improved.

Meanwhile, the die pad 310 provided with the half etched portion 314 improves the bonding force between the die pad 310 and the encapsulant 730 since the half etched portion 314 is positioned within or covered by the encapsulant 730 . Additionally, the locking projections 355 of the first lands 350 having the half etched portions 355 a increase the bonding force between the first lands 350 and the encapsulant 730 since they are also covered by the encapsulant. Additionally, a portion of each of the tie bars 320 is positioned within or covered by the encapsulant 730 in the fabrication process of the semiconductor device 700 , thus further improving the bonding force between the die pad 310 and the encapsulant 730 .

Referring now to FIGS. 9A and 9B , a semiconductor device 800 according to the present invention includes a lead frame 400 , the semiconductor die 710 , the conductive wires 720 and an encapsulant 830 . The semiconductor device 800 has the same structure as that of the semiconductor device 700 , except for the lead frame 400 and the encapsulant 830 .

The lead frame 400 includes a die pad 410 , a tie bar 320 , the first lands 445 of the projection leads 440 , the second lands 465 of the extended leads 460 , the normal leads 370 and the external leads 380 . The lead frame 400 is described in detail above. The encapsulant 830 encapsulates the lead frame 400 , the semiconductor die 710 and the conductive wires 720 so as to protect the lead frame 400 , the semiconductor die 710 and the conductive wires 720 from the external environment. The external leads 380 of the lead frame 400 are extended from a side portion of 831 of the encapsulant 830 at a predetermined length, and are bent to impart a gull wing configuration thereto. The first and second lands 445 and 465 of the lead frame 400 are exposed to the outside through a lower portion 832 of the encapsulant 830 . Additionally, the die pad 410 and the tie bars 320 connected to the die pad 410 are also exposed to the outside through the lower portion 832 of the encapsulant 830 .

Additionally, a groove 833 is formed by etching a portion between the die pad 410 and the first lands 445 exposed to the lower portion 832 of the encapsulant 830 . The groove 833 is formed to electrically separate the die pad 410 and the first lands 445 from each other. When etching for forming the groove 833 is performed, the plating layers 410 a and 440 a are formed on the bottom surfaces of the die pad 400 and the first lands 445 . Additionally, the plating layers 410 a and 440 a serve as masks. The etching may be performed by alkali etching, but is not limited thereto. The etching method can separate the die pad 410 from the first lands 445 using the plating layers 410 a and 440 a formed on the lead frame 400 as masks without using a separate mask. As such, the semiconductor device 800 can be fabricated to include the first lands 445 in addition to the second lands 465 by separating the first lands 445 electrically from the die pad 410 . As a result, a plurality of lands can be formed at low cost in comparison with conventional lead frame fabrication methods.

Meanwhile, the locking projection of each first land 445 having the half etched portion is positioned within or covered by the encapsulant 830 . As a result, the bonding force between the first lands 445 and the encapsulant 830 is improved. Additionally, a portion of each of the tie bars 320 is positioned within or covered by the encapsulant 830 in the process of fabricating the semiconductor device 800 . As a result, the bonding force between the die pad 410 and the encapsulant 830 is further increased.

Referring now to FIG. 10 , a fabrication method of a semiconductor device according to the present invention includes the steps of preparing a lead frame (S 1 ), attaching a semiconductor die (S 2 ), performing wire bonding (S 3 ), performing encapsulation (S 4 ), performing etching (S 5 ) and cutting a frame (S 6 ).

As shown in FIG. 11A , in the step of preparing the lead frame (S 1 ), a lead frame 100 is prepared including a die pad 110 , a plurality of tie bars (not shown) formed on the die pad 110 , a frame 130 connecting the tie bars to each other, a plurality of extended leads 140 formed on the frame 130 and a plurality of normal leads 160 formed on the frame 130 . The structure of the lead frame 100 is explained in detail above. Thus, the detailed explanation will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 11B , in the step of attaching the semiconductor die (S 2 ), the semiconductor die 510 on which a plurality of bond pads 511 are formed on the top surface of the semiconductor die 510 is attached to the die pad 110 of the lead frame 100 using an adhesive 501 . The adhesive 501 may be made of any one material selected from a common liquid epoxy adhesive, a contacting film, a contacting tape and equivalent materials, but is not limited thereto.

As shown in FIGS. 11C to 11D , in the step of performing wire bonding (S 3 ), the semiconductor die 510 is electrically coupled to the lead frame 100 using the conductive wires 520 . In other words, the bond pads 511 of the semiconductor die 510 are electrically coupled to the first lands 145 of the extended leads 140 , the second lands 147 of the extended leads 140 , and the normal leads 160 . The conductive wires 520 is bonded to the wire bonding areas provided on the extended leads 140 and the normal leads 160 .

As shown in FIGS. 11E and 11F , in the step of performing encapsulation (S 4 ), the lead frame 100 , the semiconductor die 510 and the conductive wires 520 are encapsulated using the encapsulant 530 . The encapsulation is to be performed in an inner area of the frame 130 formed on the lead frame 100 . In other words, the frame 130 is to be exposed to the outside through the side portion 531 of the encapsulant 530 . Additionally, the encapsulation is performed to expose a lower surface of the die pad 110 of the lead frame 100 , a partial area of the tie bars 120 connected to the die pad 110 , the extended leads 140 , and the third lands 165 provided by the normal leads 160 to the outside. In other words, the die pad 110 , the partial areas of the tie bars 120 connected to the die pad 110 , the extended lead 140 a and the third land 165 are to be exposed to the outside through the lower portion 532 of the encapsulant 530 .

As shown in FIGS. 11G and 11H , in the step of performing etching (S 5 ), a half etched portion provided on the extended leads 140 and exposed to the lower portion 532 of the encapsulant 530 is etched. At this time, the plating layer 140 a is formed on the bottom surfaces of the first and second lands 145 and 147 of the extended leads 140 being exposed to the lower portion 532 of the encapsulant 530 . Additionally, the plating layer 140 a serves as a mask. Thus, only the half etched portion is etched. The half etched portion is removed by etching and thus a groove 533 is formed in the lower portion 532 of the encapsulant 530 at a constant depth. The formation of the groove 533 enables the first and second lands 145 and 147 provided on each extended lead 140 to be electrically independent of each other. The method for forming the groove 533 may be performed by alkali etching, but is not limited thereto. The etching method may separate the first land 145 from the corresponding second land 147 using the plating layer 140 a formed on the lead frame 100 as a mask, without using a separate mask. As a result thereof, a plurality of lands can be formed at low cost in comparison with conventional lead frame fabrication methods.

As shown in FIGS. 11I and 11J , in the step of cutting the frame (S 6 ), the frame 130 connected to the tie bars 120 , the extended leads 140 and the normal leads 160 is cut and thus the frame 130 and the semiconductor device 500 are separated from each other. As a result, the tie bars 120 , the extended leads 140 and the normal leads 160 are electrically independent, respectively. In other words, the frame 130 positioned outside of the encapsulant 530 is cut and separated using a frame cutting tool 535 . Additionally, in the step of cutting the frame (S 6 ), projection areas of the tie bars 120 , the extended leads 140 and the normal leads 160 which are protrude from the side portion 531 of the encapsulant 530 are removed.

Meanwhile, ink marking or laser marking may be performed on the surface of the encapsulant 530 between the step of performing encapsulation (S 4 ) and the step of cutting the frame (S 5 ). Additionally, the plating layer is formed on the lead frame 100 , and thus a process for plating nickel (Ni)/gold (Au), Ni/Pd/Au, or tin (Sn) on the lands 145 , 147 and 165 exposed to an outer side of the encapsulant 530 will be completed.

This disclosure provides exemplary embodiments of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is not limited by these exemplary embodiments. Numerous variations, whether explicitly provided for by the specification or implied by the specification, such as variations in structure, dimension, type of material and manufacturing process, may be implemented by one skilled in the art in view of this disclosure.