Multi-speed transmission

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/913,146 filed on Apr. 20, 2007. The disclosure of the above application is incorporated herein by reference.

The invention relates generally to a multiple speed transmission having a plurality of planetary gear sets and a plurality of torque transmitting devices and more particularly to a transmission having eight or more speeds, four planetary gear sets and a plurality of torque transmitting devices.

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may or may not constitute prior art.

A typical multiple speed transmission uses a combination of friction clutches, planetary gear arrangements and fixed interconnections to achieve a plurality of gear ratios. The number and physical arrangement of the planetary gear sets, generally, are dictated by packaging, cost and desired speed ratios.

While current transmissions achieve their intended purpose, the need for new and improved transmission configurations which exhibit improved performance, especially from the standpoints of efficiency, responsiveness and smoothness and improved packaging, primarily reduced size and weight, is essentially constant. Accordingly, there is a need for an improved, cost-effective, compact multiple speed transmission.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a transmission is provided having an input member, an output member, four planetary gear sets, a plurality of coupling members and a plurality of torque transmitting devices. Each of the planetary gear sets includes first, second and third members. A first interconnecting member continuously interconnects the first member of the first planetary gear set with second member of the second planetary gear set. A second interconnecting member continuously interconnects the second member of the first planetary gear set with third member of the second planetary gear set. A third interconnecting member continuously interconnects the first member of the second planetary gear set with the second member of the third planetary gear set. A fourth interconnecting member continuously interconnects the first member of the third planetary gear set with the first member of the fourth planetary gear set. Five torque transmitting devices are selectively engageable to interconnect one of the first members, second members, and third members with at least one other of the first members, second members, third members, and a stationary member. The torque transmitting devices are selectively engageable in combinations of at least two to establish at least eight forward speed ratios and at least one reverse speed ratio between the input member and the output member.

In another embodiment of the present invention a transmission is provided having an input member, an output member, four planetary gear sets, a plurality of coupling members and a plurality of torque transmitting devices. The first, second, third and fourth planetary gear sets each having a sun gear, a carrier member and a ring gear. The input member is continuously interconnected with the sun gear of the first planetary gear set and the output member is continuously interconnected with the carrier member of the fourth planetary gear set. A first interconnecting member continuously interconnects the ring gear of the first planetary gear set with carrier member of the second planetary gear set. A second interconnecting member continuously interconnects the carrier member of the first planetary gear set with sun gear of the second planetary gear set and ring gear of the fourth planetary gear set. A third interconnecting member continuously interconnects the ring gear of the second planetary gear set with the carrier member of the third planetary gear set. A fourth interconnecting member continuously interconnects the ring gear of the third planetary gear set with the ring gear of the fourth planetary gear set. A first torque transmitting device is selectively engageable to interconnect the carrier member of the third planetary gear set with the carrier member of the fourth planetary gear set. A second torque transmitting device is selectively engageable to interconnect the carrier member of the third planetary gear set with the sun gear of the fourth planetary gear set. A third torque transmitting device is selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the third planetary gear set with the stationary member. A fourth torque transmitting device is selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the fourth planetary gear set with the stationary member. A fifth torque transmitting device is selectively engageable to interconnect the carrier member of the second planetary gear set with the stationary member. The torque transmitting devices are selectively engageable in combinations of at least two to establish at least eight forward speed ratios and at least one reverse speed ratio between the input member and the output member.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention a transmission is provided having an input member, an output member, four planetary gear sets, a plurality of coupling members and a plurality of torque transmitting devices. The first, second, third and fourth planetary gear sets each having a sun gear, a carrier member and a ring gear. The input member is continuously interconnected with at least one of the carrier member of the first planetary gear set and the sun gear of the second planetary gear set. The output member is continuously interconnected with the carrier member of the fourth planetary gear set. A first interconnecting member continuously interconnects the ring gear of the first planetary gear set with carrier member of the second planetary gear set. A second interconnecting member continuously interconnects the carrier member of the first planetary gear set with sun gear of the second planetary gear set. A third interconnecting member continuously interconnects the ring gear of the second planetary gear set with the carrier member of the third planetary gear set. A fourth interconnecting member continuously interconnects the ring gear of the first planetary gear set with the ring gear of the third planetary gear set and the ring gear of the fourth planetary gear set. The first torque transmitting device is selectively engageable to interconnect the carrier member of the fourth planetary gear set with the sun gear of the third planetary gear set. The second torque transmitting device is selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the fourth planetary gear set with the sun gear of the third planetary gear set. The third torque transmitting device is selectively engageable to interconnect the ring gear of the second planetary gear set with the stationary member. The fourth torque transmitting device is selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the first planetary gear set with the stationary member. The fifth torque transmitting device is selectively engageable to interconnect the sun gear of the fourth planetary gear set with the stationary member. The torque transmitting devices are selectively engageable in combinations of at least two to establish at least eight forward speed ratios and at least one reverse speed ratio between the input member and the output member.

Further aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent by reference to the following description and appended drawings wherein like reference numbers refer to the same component, element or feature.

The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way.

FIG. 1 is a lever diagram of an embodiment of an eight speed transmission according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view of an embodiment of an eight speed transmission according to the present invention; and

FIG. 3 is a truth table presenting the state of engagement of the various torque transmitting clutches and brakes in each of the available forward and reverse speeds or gear ratios of the transmission illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 .

FIG. 4 is a lever diagram of another embodiment of an eight speed transmission according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view of another embodiment of an eight speed transmission according to the present invention; and

FIG. 6 is a truth table presenting the state of engagement of the various torque transmitting clutches and brakes in each of the available forward and reverse speeds or gear ratios of the transmission illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 .

The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses.

At the outset, it should be appreciated that the embodiments of the eight speed automatic transmission of the present invention have an arrangement of permanent mechanical connections between the elements of the four planetary gear sets in common. These mechanical connections generically link or relate the transmission embodiments. A first component or element of a first planetary gear set is permanently coupled to a second component or element of a second planetary gear set. A second component or element of the first planetary gear set is permanently coupled to a third component or element of a second planetary gear set. A first component or element of the second planetary gear set is permanently coupled to a second component or element of a third planetary gear set. A first component or element of the third planetary gear set is permanently coupled to a first component or element of a fourth planetary gear set.

Referring now to FIG. 1 , an embodiment of an eight speed transmission 10 is illustrated in a lever diagram format. A lever diagram is a schematic representation of the components of a mechanical device such as an automatic transmission. Each individual lever represents a planetary gear set wherein the three basic mechanical components of the planetary gear are each represented by a node. Therefore, a single lever contains three nodes: one for the sun gear, one for the planet gear carrier, and one for the ring gear. The relative length between the nodes of each lever can be used to represent the ring-to-sun ratio of each respective gear set. These lever ratios, in turn, are used to vary the gear ratios of the transmission in order to achieve an appropriate ratios and ratio progression. Mechanical couplings or interconnections between the nodes of the various planetary gear sets are illustrated by thin, horizontal lines and torque transmitting devices such as clutches and brakes are presented as interleaved fingers. If the device is a brake, one set of the fingers is grounded. Further explanation of the format, purpose and use of lever diagrams can be found in SAE Paper 810102, “The Lever Analogy: A New Tool in Transmission Analysis” by Benford and Leising which is hereby fully incorporated by reference.

The transmission 10 includes an input shaft or member 12 , a first planetary gear set 14 having three nodes: a first node 14 A, a second node 14 B and a third node 14 C, a second planetary gear set 16 having three nodes: a first node 16 A, a second node 16 B and a third node 16 C, a third planetary gear set 18 having three nodes: a first node 18 A, a second node 18 B and a third node 18 C, a fourth planetary gear set 20 having three nodes: a first node 20 A, a second node 20 B and a third node 20 C and an output shaft or member 22 .

The input 12 is coupled to the third node 14 C of the first planetary gear set. The output 22 is coupled to the second node 20 B of the fourth planetary gear set 20 . The first node 14 A of the first planetary gear set 14 is coupled to the second node 16 B of the second planetary gear set 16 . The second node 14 B of the first planetary gear set 14 is coupled to the third node 16 C of the second planetary gear set 16 and to a first node 20 A of the fourth planetary gear set 20 . The first node 16 A of the second planetary gear set 16 is coupled to the second node 18 B of the third planetary gear set 18 . The first node 18 A of the third planetary gear set 18 is coupled to a first node 20 A of the fourth planetary gear set 20 .

A first clutch 26 selectively connects the second node 18 B of the third planetary gear set 18 to the second node 20 B of the fourth planetary gear set 20 . A second clutch 28 selectively connects the second node 18 B of the third planetary gear set 18 to the third node 20 C of the fourth planetary gear set 20 . A first brake 30 selectively connects the third node 18 C of the third planetary gear set 18 to the ground or transmission housing 50 . A second brake 32 selectively connects the third node 20 C of the fourth planetary gear set 20 to the ground or transmission housing 50 . A third brake 34 selectively connects the second node 16 B of the second planetary gear set 16 to the ground or transmission housing 50 .

Referring now to FIG. 2 , a stick diagram presents a schematic layout of the embodiment of the eight speed transmission 10 according to the present invention. In FIG. 2 , the numbering from the lever diagram of FIG. 1 is carried over. The clutches, brakes and couplings are correspondingly presented whereas the nodes of the planetary gear sets now appear as components of planetary gear sets such as sun gears, ring gears, planet gears and planet gear carriers.

For example, planetary gear set 14 is a planetary gear set that includes a sun gear member 14 C, a planet gear carrier member 14 B and a ring gear member 14 A. Sun gear member 14 C is connected for common rotation with input shaft or member 12 . Ring gear member 14 A is connected to a first interconnecting shaft or member 52 . The planet gear carrier member 14 B rotatably supports a set of planet gears 14 D (only one shown) and is connected for common rotation with a second interconnecting shaft or member 54 and a third interconnecting shaft or member 56 . Planet gears 14 D are configured to intermesh with sun gear member 14 C and ring gear member 14 A.

The input shaft or member 12 is continuously connected to an engine (not shown) or to a turbine of a torque converter (not shown). The output shaft or member 22 is continuously connected with the final drive unit or transfer case (not shown).

Planetary gear set 16 is a planetary gear set that includes a sun gear member 16 C, a planet carrier member 16 B that rotatably supports a set of planet gears 16 D and a ring gear member 16 A. Sun gear member 16 C is connected for common rotation with the second interconnecting shaft or member 54 . Planet carrier member 16 B is connected for common rotation with first interconnecting shaft or member 52 and a first outer shaft or member 58 . Ring gear member 16 A is connected for common rotation with a fourth interconnecting shaft or member 60 . Planet gears 16 D are configured to intermesh with both sun gear member 16 C and ring gear member 16 A.

Planetary gear set 18 is a planetary gear set that includes a sun gear member 18 C, a ring gear member 18 A and a planet carrier member 18 B that rotatably supports a set of planet gears 18 D. Sun gear member 18 C is connected for common rotation with a second outer shaft or member 62 . Ring gear member 18 A is connected for common rotation with the third interconnecting shaft or member 56 . Planet carrier member 18 B is connected for common rotation with fourth interconnecting shaft or member 60 and a fifth interconnecting shaft or member 64 . Planet gears 18 D are configured to intermesh with both sun gear member 18 C and ring gear member 18 A.

Planetary gear set 20 is a planetary gear set that includes a sun gear member 20 C, a ring gear member 20 A and a planet carrier member 20 B that rotatably supports a set of planet gears 20 D. Sun gear member 20 C is connected for common rotation with a sixth interconnecting shaft or member 66 . Ring gear member 20 B is connected for common rotation with third interconnecting shaft or member 56 . Planet carrier member 20 B is connected for common rotation with a seventh interconnecting shaft or member 68 and output shaft or member 22 . Planet gears 20 D are configured to intermesh with both sun gear member 20 C and ring gear member 20 A.

The torque-transmitting mechanisms or clutches 26 , 28 and brakes 30 , 32 and 34 allow for selective interconnection of the shafts or interconnecting members, members of the planetary gear sets and the housing. For example, the first clutch 26 is selectively engageable to connect the fifth interconnecting shaft or member 64 to the seventh interconnecting shaft or member 68 . The second clutch 28 is selectively engageable to connect the fifth interconnecting member 64 to the sixth interconnecting shaft or member 66 . The first brake 30 is selectively engageable to connect second outer shaft or member 62 to the ground or transmission housing 50 to restrict rotation of the member 62 relative to the housing 50 . The second brake 32 is selectively engageable to connect sixth interconnecting shaft or member 66 to the ground or transmission housing 50 to restrict rotation of the member 66 relative to the housing 50 . The third brake 34 is selectively engageable to connect the first outer shaft or member 58 to the ground or transmission housing 50 to restrict rotation of the member 58 relative to the housing 50 .

Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3 , the operation of the embodiment of the eight speed transmission 10 will be described. It will be appreciated that transmission 10 is capable of transmitting torque from the input shaft or member 12 to the output shaft or member 22 in at least eight forward speed or torque ratios and at least one reverse speed or torque ratio. Each forward and reverse speed or torque ratio is attained by engagement of one or more of the torque-transmitting mechanisms (i.e. first clutch 26 , second clutch 28 , first brake 30 , second brake 32 , and third brake 34 ), as will be explained below. FIG. 3 is a truth table presenting the various combinations of torque-transmitting mechanisms that are activated or engaged to achieve the various gear states. Actual numerical gear ratios of the various gear states are also presented although it should be appreciated that these numerical values are exemplary only and that they may be adjusted over significant ranges to accommodate various applications and operational criteria of the transmission 10 . An example of the gear ratios that may be obtained using the embodiments of the present invention are also shown in FIG. 3 . Of course, other gear ratios are achievable depending on the gear diameter, gear teeth count and gear configuration selected.

To establish reverse gear, the first clutch 26 and the third brake 34 are engaged or activated. The first clutch 26 connects the fifth interconnecting shaft or member 64 to the seventh interconnecting shaft or member 68 . The third brake 34 connects the first outer shaft or member 58 to the ground or transmission housing 50 to restrict rotation of the member 58 relative to the housing 50 .

Likewise, the eight forward ratios are achieved through different combinations of clutch engagement, as shown in FIG. 3 .

It will be appreciated that the foregoing explanation of operation and gear states of the eight speed transmission 10 assumes, first of all, that all the clutches and the brake not specifically referenced in a given gear state are inactive or disengaged and, second of all, that during gear shifts, i.e., changes of gear state, between at least adjacent gear states, a clutch or brake engaged or activated in both gear states will remain engaged or activated.

Referring now to FIG. 4 , another embodiment of a transmission is illustrated and referenced by reference numeral 100 . Transmission 100 includes an input shaft or member 112 , a first planetary gear set 114 having three nodes: a first node 114 A, a second node 114 B and a third node 114 C, a second planetary gear set 116 having three nodes: a first node 116 A, a second node 116 B and a third node 116 C, a third planetary gear set 118 having three nodes: a first node 118 A, a second node 118 B and a third node 118 C, a fourth planetary gear set 120 having three nodes: a first node 120 A, a second node 120 B and a third node 120 C and an output shaft or member 122 .

The input 112 is coupled to the third node 116 C of the first planetary gear set 116 . The output 122 is coupled to the second node 120 B of the fourth planetary gear set 120 . The first node 114 A of the first planetary gear set 114 is coupled to the second node 116 B of the second planetary gear set 116 and to the first node 118 A of the third planetary gear set 118 . The second node 114 B of the first planetary gear set 114 is coupled to the third node 116 C of the second planetary gear set 116 . The first node 116 A of the second planetary gear set 116 is coupled to the second node 118 B of the third planetary gear set 118 . The first node 118 A of the third planetary gear set 118 is coupled to a first node 120 A of the fourth planetary gear set 120 .

A first clutch 126 selectively connects the third node 118 C of the third planetary gear set 118 to the second node 120 B of the fourth planetary gear set 120 . A second clutch 128 selectively connects the third node 118 C of the third planetary gear set 118 to the third node 120 C of the fourth planetary gear set 120 . A first brake 130 selectively connects the first node 116 A of the second planetary gear set 116 to the ground or transmission housing 150 . A second brake 132 selectively connects the third node 114 C of the first planetary gear set 114 to the ground or transmission housing 150 . A third brake 134 selectively connects the third node 120 C of the fourth planetary gear set 120 to the ground or transmission housing 150 .

Referring now to FIG. 5 , a stick diagram presents a schematic layout of the embodiment of the eight speed transmission 100 according to the present invention. In FIG. 5 , the numbering from the lever diagram of FIG. 4 is carried over. The clutches, brakes and couplings are correspondingly presented whereas the nodes of the planetary gear sets now appear as components of planetary gear sets such as sun gears, ring gears, planet gears and planet gear carriers.

For example, planetary gear set 114 is a planetary gear set that includes a sun gear member 114 C, a planet gear carrier member 114 B and a ring gear member 114 A. Sun gear member 114 C is connected for common rotation with a first interconnecting shaft or member 142 . Ring gear member 114 A is connected to a second interconnecting shaft or member 144 and a third interconnecting shaft or member 146 . The planet gear carrier member 114 B rotatably supports a set of planet gears 114 D (only one shown) and is connected for common rotation with a fourth interconnecting shaft or member 148 and the input shaft or member 112 . Planet gears 114 D are configured to intermesh with sun gear member 114 C and ring gear member 114 A.

The input shaft or member 112 is continuously connected to an engine (not shown) or to a turbine of a torque converter (not shown). The output shaft or member 122 is continuously connected with the final drive unit or transfer case (not shown).

Planetary gear set 116 is a planetary gear set that includes a sun gear member 116 C, a planet carrier member 116 B that rotatably supports a set of planet gears 116 D and a ring gear member 116 A. Sun gear member 116 C is connected for common rotation with the fourth interconnecting shaft or member 148 . Planet carrier member 116 B is connected for common rotation with second interconnecting shaft or member 144 . Ring gear member 116 A is connected for common rotation with a fifth interconnecting shaft or member 152 and a sixth interconnecting shaft or member 154 . Planet gears 116 D are configured to intermesh with both sun gear member 116 C and ring gear member 116 A.

Planetary gear set 118 is a planetary gear set that includes a sun gear member 118 C, a ring gear member 118 A and a planet carrier member 118 B that rotatably supports a set of planet gears 118 D. Sun gear member 118 C is connected for common rotation with a seventh interconnecting shaft or member 156 . Ring gear member 118 A is connected for common rotation with third interconnecting shaft or member 146 . Planet carrier member 118 B is connected for common rotation with sixth interconnecting shaft or member 154 . Planet gears 118 D are configured to intermesh with both sun gear member 118 C and ring gear member 118 A.

Planetary gear set 120 is a planetary gear set that includes a sun gear member 120 C, a ring gear member 120 A and a planet carrier member 120 B that rotatably supports a first set of planet gears 120 D and a second set of planet gears 120 E. Sun gear member 120 C is connected for common rotation with an eighth interconnecting shaft or member 158 . Ring gear member 120 A is connected for common rotation with the third interconnecting shaft or member 146 . Planet carrier member 120 B is connected for common rotation with a ninth interconnecting shaft or member 160 and output shaft or member 122 . The first planet gears 120 D are configured to intermesh with the sun gear member 120 C and the second planet gears 120 E are configured to intermesh with the ring gear member 120 A. The first and second planet gears 120 D and 120 E are configured to intermesh with one another.

The torque-transmitting mechanisms or clutches 126 , 128 and brakes 130 , 132 and 134 allow for selective interconnection of the shafts or interconnecting members, members of the planetary gear sets and the housing 150 . For example, the first clutch 126 is selectively engageable to connect the seventh interconnecting shaft or member 156 to the ninth interconnecting shaft or member 160 . The second clutch 128 is selectively engageable to connect the seventh interconnecting shaft or member 156 to eighth interconnecting shaft or member 158 . The first brake 130 is selectively engageable to connect the fifth interconnecting shaft or member 152 to the ground or housing 150 to restrict rotation of the member 152 relative to the ground or housing 150 . The second brake 132 is selectively engageable to connect the first interconnecting shaft or member 142 to the ground or housing 150 to restrict rotation of the member 142 relative to the ground or housing 150 . The third brake 134 is selectively engageable to connect the eighth interconnecting member 158 to the ground or housing 150 to restrict rotation of the eighth interconnecting member 158 relative to the ground or housing 150 .

Referring now to FIGS. 5 and 6 , the operation of the embodiment of the eight speed transmission 100 will be described. It will be appreciated that the transmission 100 is capable of transmitting torque from the input shaft or member 112 to the output shaft or member 122 in at least eight forward speeds or torque ratios and at least one reverse speed or torque ratio. Each forward and reverse speed or torque ratio is attained by engagement of one or more of the torque-transmitting mechanisms (i.e. first clutch 126 , second clutch 128 , first brake 130 , second brake 132 and third brake 134 ), as will be explained below. FIG. 6 is a truth table presenting the various combinations of torque-transmitting mechanisms that are activated or engaged to achieve the various gear states. Actual numerical gear ratios of the various gear states are also presented although it should be appreciated that these numerical values are exemplary only and that they may be adjusted over significant ranges to accommodate various applications and operational criteria of the transmission 100 . An example of the gear ratios that may be obtained using the embodiments of the present invention are also shown in FIG. 6 . Of course, other gear ratios are achievable depending on the gear diameter, gear teeth count and gear configuration selected.

To establish reverse gear, the first clutch 126 and the first brake 130 are engaged or activated. The first clutch 126 connects the seventh interconnecting shaft or member 156 to the ninth interconnecting shaft or member 160 . The first brake 130 connects the fifth interconnecting shaft or member 152 to the ground or housing 150 to restrict rotation of the member 152 relative to the ground or housing 150 .

Likewise, the eight forward ratios are achieved through different combinations of clutch and brake engagement, as shown in FIG. 6 .

It will be appreciated that the foregoing explanation of operation and gear states of the eight speed transmission 100 assumes, first of all, that all clutches and brakes not specifically referenced in a given gear state are inactive or disengaged and, second of all, that during gear shifts, i.e., changes of gear state, between at least adjacent gear states, a clutch or brake engaged or activated in both gear states will remain engaged or activated.

The description of the invention is merely exemplary in nature and variations that do not depart from the gist of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention.