Safety-guard detective circuit of a fan motor

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor, and more particularly to the safety-guard detection circuit connected to a rotation detection terminal of a third lead of the fan motor to thereby avoid discharge breakdown and wire shorts at the driver IC input.

2. Description of the Related Art

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional driver circuit and a conventional rotation detection circuit (phantom lines) of a dc brushless motor.

As shown in FIG. 1, the conventional motor driver circuit 1 includes a driver IC, and two coils L 1 and L 2 . A Hall effect sensor module and a control module (transistor) are built into the driver IC. The Hall sensor is adapted to detect changes in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet of the rotor, and the weak Hall voltage is amplified by the driver IC. The two output terminals OUT 1 and OUT 2 of the driver IC then alternatively output current to the two coils L 1 and L 2 so that the two coils L 1 and L 2 are excited to rotate the rotor. In this time, the two output terminals OUT 1 and OUT 2 of the driver IC simultaneously output two opposite phase square waves. The conventional rotation detection circuit generally includes a transistor Q 1 , and a resistor R 1 to define an amplifier circuit. The resistor R 1 is connected in series to the base of the transistor Q 1 and the output terminal OUT 2 , while the collector of the transistor Q 1 is predetermined as a rotation detection terminal, as well as a third lead.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a conventional driver circuit and a rotation detection terminal of a single phase dc brushless motor. As shown in FIG. 2, the conventional motor driver circuit 1 includes a Hall sensor IC 1 and a driver IC 2 . The output terminal of the Hall sensor IC 1 is connected to the input terminal of the driver IC 2 . The two output terminals of the driver IC 2 are connected to a coil L 1 . An output terminal FG of the driver IC 2 is predetermined as a rotation detection terminal, as well as a third lead.

During operation of the motor driver circuit, the third lead of the driver circuit of the dc brushless motor, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, is provided for connecting to a rotation detection circuit. In general, the third lead is reserved and exposed to thereby facilitate assembly operation of the motor. However, during assembly operation the third lead may possibly contact with a human body. Discharge breakdown will occur through the third lead as the human body may have considerable static electricity. Thus, the driver IC or the transistor of the motor will be damaged by the static electricity. Referring again to FIG. 1, during assembly operation, if the third lead is connected to a power source, a large current is directly input into the base of the transistor Q 1 or the driver IC that must damage the transistor or results in a wire short of the driver IC. To avoid the occurrence of transistor damage and driver IC wire shorts during the assembly operation, a need exists for the third lead to have a safety-guard device, thereby enhancing the reliability of the motor function.

Accordingly, the present invention may improve the above-mentioned drawbacks, by connecting a third lead and a rotation detection terminal of the motor driver to a safety-guard detection circuit. Thus, when the human body contacts with the third lead during assembly operation of the motor, the safety-guard detection circuit is adapted to limit a large current input into the motor driver through the third lead. And a discharge member, a zener diode for example, is adapted to ground the large current to thereby avoid transistor damage and driver IC wire shorts.

The primary objective of the present invention is to provide a safety-guard detection circuit for a fan motor, wherein the motor driver is connected with a safety-guard detection circuit which is adapted to limit a large current input into the motor driver through the third lead when the human body contacts with the third lead during assembly operation of the motor, to thereby avoid transistor damage and driver IC wire shorts.

In accordance with the present invention, a safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor includes a resistor for limiting a large current from being input into a motor driver circuit, and a discharge member for grounding the large current limited by the resistor. The resistor and the discharge member are commonly connected to a third lead of the motor driver circuit.

Further benefits and advantages of the present invention will become apparent after a careful reading of the detailed description with appropriate reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional driver circuit and a conventional rotation detection circuit of a double phase dc brushless motor;

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a conventional driver circuit and a rotation detection terminal of a single phase dc brushless motor;

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor and a driver circuit of a double phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor and a driver circuit of a double phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor and a drive circuit of a double phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a safety guard detection circuit of a fan motor and a drive circuit of a double phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor and a drive circuit of a single phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor and a drive circuit of a single phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a sixth embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of a safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor and a drive circuit of a single phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

The safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor in accordance with the present invention includes a resistor and a discharge member which are commonly connected to the third lead of the motor driver circuit. The resistor is used to limit a large current from being input into the motor driver circuit, and the discharge member, a zener diode for example, is used to ground the large current limited by the resistor. The safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor in accordance with the present invention may be applied in a double phase dc brushless motor in accordance with the first, second, third and fourth embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, the safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor in accordance with the present invention may be applied in a single phase dc brushless motor in accordance with the fifth, sixth and seventh embodiments of the present invention.

Some of the parts of the double phase dc brushless motor in accordance with the first, second, third and fourth embodiments of the present invention are the same as those of the conventional double phase dc brushless motor. The same parts of these embodiments will be adapted the same reference numerals for clarity. In addition, the same parts of the first, second, third and fourth embodiments of the present invention have the similar configuration and same functions as those of the conventional double phase dc brushless motor, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor and a drive circuit of a two-phase direct current brushless motor in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, the safety-guard detection circuit 10 of a fan motor comprises a first resistor R 1 , a second resistor R 2 , a third resistor R 3 , a transistor Q 1 , and a discharge member Z 1 . The safety-guard detection circuit 10 is connected to an output terminal, as well as third lead, of the driver IC 2 of is the motor driver circuit 1 , to thereby limit a large current from being input into the output terminal, so as to protect the driver IC 2 . The safety-guard detection circuit 10 has a fixed bias voltage provided by the first resistor R 1 and the second resistor R 2 , and is used to open or cut off the base of the transistor Q 1 . After the voltage of the square wave signal output from the driver IC 2 is divided by the first resistor R 1 and the second resistor R 2 , the divided square wave signal is input into the base of the transistor Q 1 for being amplified. The square wave signal as well as a rotation detection signal is amplified, so that the transistor Q 1 is absolutely controlled in a saturation or cutoff state. The resistance ratio of the first resistor R 1 and the second resistor R 2 can be adjusted according to the features of the motor driver circuit 1 , so the rotation detection circuit may have the optimum detection effect.

Again referring to FIG. 3, when the motor is driven, the driver IC 2 of the motor driver circuit 1 outputs a voltage signal. After the voltage signal is divided by the first resistor R 1 and the second resistor R 2 , the divided signal is input into the base of the transistor Q 1 that absolutely controls the transistor Q in saturation or cutoff state.

Again referring to FIG. 3, the third resistor R 3 is connected in series to the collector of the transistor Q 1 , which limits either any discharge breakdown or large current from being input into the collector due to a wire short. At the same time, a discharge member Z 1 connects the base of the transistor Q 1 to ground to thereby form a discharge passage between the base of the transistor Q 1 and the ground. Consequently, the third resistor R 3 limits a large current discharged from this discharge passage. Preferably, the discharge member Z 1 is a zener diode. Thus, during assembling the motor, as human body is in contact with the third lead, the safety-guard detection circuit 10 may limit the large current through the third lead to input into the driver IC 2 of the motor driver circuit 1 . Meanwhile, the discharge member Z 1 grounds this large current, thereby preventing the driver IC 2 being damaged by discharge breakdown and wire short.

Again referring to FIG. 3, the third resistor R 3 is connected in series to the collector of the transistor Q 1 . Thus, during actuating the transistor Q 1 , the voltage of the output logic low level is increased. In normal application, the signal current input into the collector of the transistor Q 1 is usually smaller than 10 mA. If the resistance of the third resistor R 3 is limited to smaller than 50Ω, the 10 mA current drops to slightly smaller than 0.5V by the 50Ω resistance. The total value of the voltage drop of 0.5V and the saturation voltage (about 0.2V) of the transistor Q 1 is smaller than 0.7V so that the output still satisfies the specification of logic low level. Thus, the transistor Q 1 of the safety-guard detection circuit 10 efficiently limits the input current into its collector and may also avoid discharge breakdown input. At the same time, the safety-guard detection circuit 10 provides a safe and stable signal detection function for the third lead.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor and a driver circuit of a double phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor and a driver circuit of a double phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor and a driver circuit of a double phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Some of the parts of the safety-guard detection circuit in accordance with the second, third and fourth embodiments of the present invention are the same as that of the safety-guard detection circuit of the first embodiment. The same parts of these embodiments have been designated with the same reference numerals for clarity. In addition, the same parts of the second, third and fourth embodiments of the present invention have a similar configuration and the same functions as those of the first embodiment, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

Referring to FIG. 4, the safety-guard detection circuit 10 of a fan motor and a driver circuit of a double phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention comprises a resistor R 1 , and a discharge member (such as zener diode) Z 1 . The safety-guard detection circuit 10 is connected to the output terminal FG/RD (such as the third lead) of the driver IC 2 , so as to prevent the output terminal FG/RD from being subjected to a large current. The resistor R 1 is connected in series to the output terminal FG/RD of the driver IC 2 , so that the voltage of the output logic low level is increased. In a normal application, the output signal current of the driver IC 2 is usually smaller than 10 mA. If the resistance of the resistor R 1 is limited to be smaller than 50Ω, the current of 10 mA drops by slightly smaller than 0.5V due to the resistance of 50Ω. The total value of the voltage drop of 0.5V and the saturation voltage (about 0.2V) of the output terminal FG/RD is smaller than 0.7V, so that the output still satisfies the logic low level and thereby performs as the detection signal of the third lead.

Referring to FIG. 5, the safety-guard detection circuit 10 of a fan motor and a driver circuit of a double phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention comprises a first resistor R 1 , a second resistor R 2 , a third resistor R 3 , a transistor Q 1 , and a discharge member (such as zener diode) Z 1 . The safety-guard detection circuit 10 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q 3 , thereby preventing a large current from being input into the output terminal of the motor driver circuit 1 .

Referring to FIG. 6, the safety-guard detection circuit 10 of a fan motor and a drive circuit of a two-phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention comprises a first resistor R 1 , a second resistor R 2 , a third resistor R 3 , a transistor Q 1 , and a discharge member (such as zener diode) Z 1 . The safety-guard detection circuit 10 is connected to the output terminal of the hall member IC 1 , thereby preventing a large current from being input into the output terminal of the motor drive circuit 1 . FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor and a driver circuit of a single phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor and a driver circuit of a single phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of a safety-guard detection circuit of a fan motor and a driver circuit of a single phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

Some of the parts of the single phase dc brushless motor in accordance with the fifth, sixth and seventh embodiments of the present invention are the same as those of the conventional single phase dc brushless motor. The same parts of these embodiments will be designated by the same reference numerals for clarity. In addition, the same parts of the fifth, sixth and seventh embodiments of the present invention have a similar configuration and the same functions as those of the conventional single phase dc brushless motor, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

Referring to FIG. 7, the safety-guard detection circuit 10 of a fan motor and a driver circuit of a single phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a fifth embodiment of the present invention comprises a first resistor R 1 , a second resistor R 2 , a third resistor R 3 , a transistor Q 1 , and a discharge member (such as zener diode) Z 1 . The safety-guard detection circuit 10 is connected to the output terminal (such as the third lead) of the driver IC 2 , thereby preventing a large current from being input into the output terminal of the driver IC 2 .

Referring to FIG. 8, the safety-guard detection circuit 10 of a fan motor and a drive circuit of a single phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a sixth embodiment of the present invention comprises a resistor R 1 , and a release member (such as zener diode) Z 1 . The safety-guard detection circuit 10 is connected to the output terminal FG/RD (such as the third lead) of the driver IC 2 , thereby preventing a large current from being input into the output terminal FG/RD of the driver IC 2 .

Referring to FIG. 9, the safety-guard detection circuit 10 of a fan motor and a driver circuit of a single phase dc brushless motor in accordance with a seventh embodiment of the present invention comprises a first resistor R 1 , a second resistor R 2 , a third resistor R 3 , a transistor Q 1 , and a discharge member (such as zener diode) Z 1 . The safety-guard detection circuit 10 is connected to the output terminal of the Hall IC 1 , thereby preventing a large current from being input into the output terminal of the Hall IC 1 .

Again referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the conventional rotation detection circuit 10 of a dc brushless motor only includes a transistor Q 1 , and a resistor R 1 to function as an amplification circuit. Thus, during assembly of the motor, the conventional rotation speed detection circuit 10 may be damaged by discharge breakdown and wire short.

Again referring to FIGS. 3-9, in comparison with the present invention and the conventional rotation detection circuit as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the safety-guard detection circuit 10 of a fan motor in accordance with the present invention at least comprises a resistor and a discharge member which are commonly connected to the third lead of the motor driver circuit 1 . Thus, the resistor is adapted to prevent any large current from being input into the motor driver circuit, and the discharge member is adapted to perform grounding to discharge the large current limited by the resistor. In addition, the present invention has the effect of preventing discharge breakdown and wire shorts.

Although the invention has been explained in relation to its preferred embodiment as mentioned above, it is to be understood that many other possible modifications and variations can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. It is, therefore, contemplated that the appended claim or claims will cover such modifications and variations that fall within the true scope of the invention.