CO2 adsorbent mass

Adsorbent masses for CO 2 have been known, which are used to bind the exhaled CO 2 in recirculating respirators. Such adsorbent masses are often referred to as respirator lime. Respirator lime adsorbent consists essentially of calcium hydroxide containing a certain percentage, usually 14-18% of water. To increase the reactivity, the prior-art respirator lime adsorbent usually contains a few percent sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. For use in respirators, the respirator lime adsorbent must be granulated The particle size of the granules ranges from 2 mm to 8 mm, depending on the intended use. Crushed granules or shaped lime particles with a diameter of about 4 mm are used very frequently. The prior-art types of respirator lime adsorbents have generally good CO 2 binding properties However, if they are used in personal respirators exposed to high mechanical stresses, e.g., in an oxygen-supplying escape apparatus, they are destroyed in a short time due to the lack of strength to the point that the respirators generate much dust and their fitness for use is no longer guaranteed. The use of the prior-art types of respirator lime adsorbents in oxygen-supplying escape apparatus is therefore associated with a great risk.

Attempts to increase the strength of respirator adsorbent lime have been reported on numerous occasions, but they always led to a marked reduction of reactivity. These attempts include, for example, the use of alkali silicates as an additive to the calcium hydroxide paste. Liquid alkali silicates (water glass) cause strengthening of the structure of the calcium hydroxide granules, but they reduce its porosity and form an outer layer of greatly reduced reactivity on the lime granule. This makes it necessary to use more respirator adsorbent lime to maintain a sufficient CO 2 adsorption capacity, as a result of which the respirators become bulkier, heavier, and clumsier. This is highly undesirable, especially in the case of an escape apparatus.

It is an object of the present invention to provide additives which increase the strength of the granular respirator lime adsorbent without reducing the CO 2 binding capacity of the respirator lime adsorbent.

This goal is achieved by adding 0.5 wt.% to 15 wt % of an alkali salt of an oxo acid to the respirator lime adsorbent paste prior to the granulation.

The respirator lime adsorbent obtains particularly good properties in terms of strength and CO 2 binding capacity if sodium hexametaphosphate or potassium orthophosphate is used. These substances are also very inexpensive and physiologically harmless.

However, it is also possible to use, similarly successfully, alkali salts of other oxo acids, such as sulfuric acid, hypermanganic acid, chromic acid, and vanadic acid, as well as an acid alkali salt of orthophosphoric acid.

The various features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and specific objects attained by its uses, reference is made to the accompanying descriptive matter in which preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated.

The present invention comprises a CO 2 adsorbent mass formed of a kneadable mixture of at least calcium hydroxide and water and an additive of between 0.5 wt% and 15 wt% of an alkali salt of an oxo acid. The additive to the adsorbent mass considerably increases the strength of the mass.

One kg calcium oxide is mixed thoroughly with 2 1 water containing 50 g sodium hexametaphosphate. After cooling, the highly viscous paste is charged onto a molding belt according to West German Patent Specification No. 27,15,635 and dried in an air dryer to a water content of 16%. The respirator lime adsorbent is subsequently discharged in the form of hemispheres. 600 ml of this respirator lime adsorbent meets the requirements imposed in terms of the CO 2 binding capacity of the adsorber of a 15-minute oxygen-supplying escape apparatus even after the apparatus had been previously subjected to a vibration test equivalent to use for 1 year as an escape apparatus.

One kg calcium oxide is mixed thoroughly with 2 l water containing 60 g potassium orthophosphate. After cooling, the lime paste is extruded through 6-mm orifices and then dried. The strand-like respirator lime adsorbent is crushed and screened to separate the 2.5-4.0 mm fraction. It is subsequently moistened to a water content of 16%. The finished crush-granulated respirator lime adsorbent can be used in the same way as the hemispherical molded lime adsorbent described in Example 1.

While specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail to illustrate the application of the principles of the invention, it will be understood that the invention may be embodied otherwise without departing from such principles.